The controversial and even somewhat scandalous story "Dubrovsky" was written by A. S. Pushkin in 1833. By that time, the author had already grown up, lived in a secular society, and became disillusioned with it and the existing state order. Many of his works, related to that time, were under censorship.
And so Pushkin writes about a certain “Dubrovsky”, a young, but already experienced, disappointed, but not broken by worldly “storms”, a man of 23 years old. There is no point in retelling the plot - everyone has read it and knows it by heart. The main question is whether Vladimir Dubrovsky is a “robber”. Question #2: “Can a “robber” be a “noble”?
Let's take a story that lies on the surface, with which Pushkin's story echoes in a certain sense - about Robin Hood. The most famous character of English folklore, allegedly a real person or a collective image, symbolizing the eternal craving of the common people, oppressed and robbed mercilessly, to the "defender" and "benefactor". To take away from the rich, on someone else's grief-misfortune of those who grow fat, and distribute it "as needed."
Here, in the text of "Dubrovsky", in several places the mythical "robbery" of non-poor gentlemen is mentioned. And also - the "release" of the poor son after "reading the letter of his mother." Explicit associations, in my opinion.
I would like to say that, according to my personal conviction, a “robber” cannot be noble. Like a swindler, bandit, rapist or murderer. All of them, by definition, cannot be either “noble”, or kind, or honest, or fair. Taking away - you will not bring peace and harmony. Perhaps the exception is Yuri Detochkin from E. Ryazanov's wonderful comedy "Beware of the Car". After all, he carefully checked the data on the owners of cars acquired dishonestly ... But this, of course, is a comedic hero, brought to the point of absurdity.
So, since robbers are not noble, and Dubrovsky is undoubtedly noble, therefore, he is not a robber at all. But then, who is he? After all, there was an arson in which the clerks were burned. Servants and workers were set free. There were raids, raids and robberies (the evidence of which, however, is rather doubtful). Why is all this a hereditary nobleman, a refined and metropolitan gentleman, worthy manners and pure blood?
It seems to me that all this was done in order to intimidate and impress well-fed and self-satisfied landowners, from Troekurov to the last neighbor, whose name the author did not deign to indicate. To show to all of them (and at the same time to us, the readers, and the censorship authorities, and perhaps the Russian sovereign himself), that it is possible to bring an honest person to a crime. That the noble poor will not endure state injustice until the end of time. And also (here we got to the main thing) - the people themselves are multimillion. Harassment must have a limit. Otherwise, the peasants will rebel, they will burn everything, break it and go to the forest to rob. How Alexander Sergeevich looked into the water ...
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- Troyekurov Dubrovsky Quality of characters Negative hero Main positive hero Character Spoiled, selfish, dissolute. Noble, generous, determined. Has a hot temper. A person who knows how to love not for money, but for the beauty of the soul. Occupation Rich nobleman, spends his time in gluttony, drunkenness, leads a dissolute life. Humiliation of the weak brings him great pleasure. He has a good education, served as a cornet in the guard. After […]
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The image of a romantic noble robber is quite common in literature. Usually, these are people who, for whatever reason, become unnecessary in society. They are betrayed by friends and relatives, acquaintances turn away from them, and they cannot achieve anything legally, since the law is imperfect in such cases. Pushkin's story is about such a person, and after reading it, everyone begins to wonder why Dubrovsky became a robber?
Did Dubrovsky want such a share for himself?
The fate of a person can very often change depending on the circumstances. And, for sure, the young cornet did not suspect what would happen to him. He was brought up in the famous St. Petersburg Corps of Cadets, continued his military service and would have achieved a lot. If not for the occasion.
A misfortune occurs on his native estate: his old father quarrels with a friend and falls ill. Vladimir goes to him without a moment's hesitation. On the way, he learns about all the tragic events, and after the death of his father, he does an act worthy of a romantic hero: he burns the estate and goes to the forest. He is surrounded by peasants who also do not like injustice and the power of money. Their devoted attitude towards Dubrovsky creates certain rules in the gang of robbers, to which everyone obeys.
All members of the gang understand their hopelessness and what awaits them in the future. Therefore, they rob and burn the estates, with each case toughening their actions. But the peasants do not touch Troekurov's Pokrovskoye estate: Masha lives there, who has become close and dear to Vladimir. He fell in love with her and refused revenge, but he is no longer able to stop the lawlessness of his comrades.
Reason for reincarnation
An officer with a bright future turns into a robber. Let fair, but the robber. And the reasons lie not only in himself. Yes, he is brave, decisive, even desperate. And around him is a rotten society. The noble robber Vladimir Dubrovsky lost all faith in law and justice. He begins to act with his own methods, but even in this case, he retains moral principles. His image of a robber is much purer and higher than these high-ranking officials and tyrants of landlords.
But, feeling sympathy for his hero, Pushkin reveals the real irony of such a reincarnation: having become a robber, Vladimir fell in love with the daughter of his enemy. He refused revenge. It turns out that all his actions committed earlier were in vain. You can try to explain his behavior, but you can’t justify his actions in any way. He broke the law, and no matter how hero Dubrovsky was for his peasants, he is a criminal. He committed murders, bringing events to a bloody massacre at the end of the story.
The basis for the novel by A. S. Pushkin "Dubrovsky" was real events - mass uprisings of peasants who were dissatisfied with their lives after the war of 1812. The protagonist of the book is a young nobleman Vladimir Dubrovsky, a noble robber. The events unfolding on the pages of the work are directly related to his life and fate.
Dubrovsky is a noble robber. Summary
For a deeper understanding of the image of Vladimir, it is necessary to refer to the content of the book.
The fathers of the protagonist and Masha Troekurova were neighbors and comrades. They are both widows. Once Andrei Gavrilovich Dubrovsky, while visiting Troekurov, spoke disapprovingly of the poor living conditions of his servants compared to dogs. In response to this, one of the kennel declares that "it would be nice for another gentleman to exchange the estate for a dog kennel."
Father Dubrovsky leaves and in a letter demands an apology from Troekurov. The tone of the letter does not suit Kirill Petrovich. At the same time, Andrei Gavrilovich finds Troekurov's serfs in his possessions, stealing the forest. He takes away their horses and orders them to be whipped. Troekurov decides to take revenge on his neighbor by illegally taking possession of his estate, the village of Kistenevka.
Due to strong experiences, Andrei Gavrilovich is weakening. A letter is sent to his son, Vladimir, and he comes to the village.
Kirill Petrovich understands that he treated his old friend badly and goes to him to make peace, but when he sees him, old Dubrovsky dies.
The house is handed over to Troekurov. The serfs do not want to go to another master. Vladimir orders the house to be burned down, the officials who were inside die from the fire.
Soon, a gang of robbers begins to operate in the vicinity, robbing the estates. There is a rumor that the leader of the robbers is the young Dubrovsky.
Vladimir, as a French teacher, ends up in Troekurov's house. Masha and young Dubrovsky fall in love with each other.
Vladimir opens up to the girl and disappears, as it becomes clear that Dubrovsky and the teacher are the same person.
Masha proposes to 50-year-old Prince Vereisky. Troyekurov orders his daughter to marry him. Dubrovsky asks Masha for a date, puts a ring on her. Masha hopes that she can convince her father.
However, Troekurov does not give in, and he and Vereisky decide to speed up the wedding.
Masha and the prince are getting married. On the way back they come across Dubrovsky. The noble robber offers Masha release. Vereisky wounds Dubrovsky. Masha is married, so she refuses to run away with Vladimir. Dubrovsky dissolves the gang.
The image of Dubrovsky at the beginning of the novel
On the first pages of the book, Vladimir appears before us as a young nobleman, the only son of his father. He received a good upbringing and education, is serving. Dubrovsky leads a cheerful life, spends his father's money, does not think about the future.
The reason for the changes in the inner world and outlook on life
The news of the illness of his father, whom he loved very much, excited the young man. His death and the loss of the estate changed the character of Vladimir. After the funeral, he realizes how lonely he is. Dubrovsky first thinks about the future. Now he is responsible not only for himself, but also for his peasants.
Dubrovsky's revenge
"Dubrovsky is a noble robber." An essay on this topic is offered to eighth grade students in each school. I want to understand if he is noble, given that he is driven by a desire for revenge? Revenge for all those who were wronged unfairly. He robs the rich and kills no one. His image takes on romantic features.
Obsessed with retribution, he infiltrates the house of his enemy disguised as the Frenchman Desforges. However, love for Marya Kirillovna violates his plans, and he abandons them. The nobility of nature overcomes the desire for revenge.
Why was Dubrovsky called a noble robber?
Vladimir Dubrovsky embarked on the path of robbery, as he saw no other way out of the situation that had developed in his life. He could not allow the family estate to go to Troekurov. Dubrovsky ordered the house to be set on fire, but at the same time to unlock the door so that the officials could run out. Arkhip did not listen to the master, and people burned out. He did not count on the indulgence of the judges in considering this incident, since they did not spare his father in a just cause. Dubrovsky with a gang of serfs embarked on the path of robbery. So for Vladimir began a completely different life.
To answer the question why Dubrovsky is a noble robber, you need to remember the content of the book. As it is written in the novel, the gang led by Vladimir robbed only rich people. Although the robbers terrified everyone, they did not kill anyone. For this they were called noble.
However, having embarked on this slippery path, Dubrovsky, a noble robber, pursued by government troops, is nevertheless forced to abandon his principles and commit the murder of an officer.
To answer the question why he was called that, it is also necessary to compare the life circumstances and features of the inner world of this young man. Vladimir - a native of a noble family, a representative of the noble class, the son of a man who was distinguished by directness, courage, was respected by wealthy neighbors and serfs entrusted to him. He adopted many positive qualities from his father, but, like Andrei Gavrilovich, young Dubrovsky was prone to ardor and did not tolerate injustice. After the loss of his father, he becomes the leader of a gang of people devoted to him.
For all these reasons, Dubrovsky is a noble robber.
How does the author feel about the hero?
Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin, of course, sympathizes with the protagonist of this novel. He endows him with such qualities as kindness, honesty, the ability to love and forgive. However, he debunks the myth of Vladimir's nobility, explaining that an honest and decent person cannot leave people loyal to him to their fate and hide abroad. A noble person is responsible for his actions.
Many poems, stories and ballads have been written about the noble robber Robin Hood. But was he a real person, or just a beautiful legend? There have been historical disputes about this for a long time.
Who was the inspiration for Robin Hood?
Probably the earliest source that tells about the deeds of this hero is the Ballad of Robin Hood, written at the end of the 14th century. A proud, fearless robber from Sherwood Forest robs the rich, helps the poor, punishes the evil and greedy...
Later, the name of Robin Hood begins to appear in other sources. For example, in The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer, there is mention of "a thicket of hazel where the merry Robin walked."
Modern researchers believe that several historical figures could be the prototypes of Robin Hood at once.
So, in the census registers for 1228 and 1230, the name of Robert Hood, nicknamed Brownie, is found. According to sources, he came into conflict with the law. In addition, the emergence of an insurrectionary movement led by Sir Robert Twing dates back to approximately the same time. It is known that the rebels plundered the monasteries, took away grain supplies from there and distributed them to the poor.
Another candidate for the role of Robin Hood is Robert Fitzut. The legend says that Fitzut was born into an aristocratic family, lived from about 1160 to 1247 and staged rebellions in order to win the title of Earl of Huntington supposedly due to him. In any case, the dates of Fitzut's life coincide with the dates of the life of Robin Hood, as they are indicated in some sources. However, no mention of Robert Fitzut was found in the official archives. Robin Hood, however skeptics point out that contemporary records do not mention a rebellious noble named Robin Fitzut.
Who was the king of Robin Hood?
In addition to issues related to the time of origin of the stories about Robin Hood, various sources tell us about different kings. The first historian, Walter Bower, confidently placed Robin Hood in the 1265 rebellion against King Henry III, led by Simon de Montfort, the king's son-in-law. After his defeat at the Battle of Evesham, most of the rebels remained in the army and led a life similar to that described in the ballads of Robin Hood. “At that time,” wrote Walter Bower, “the famous robber Robin Hood stepped out among those who were disinherited and expelled for participating in the uprising. These people sang their feats in romances, performances and passages. The main catch in Bower's reasoning is the presence of the bow, which is so common in the ballads about Robin Hood. It had not yet been invented at the time of the rebellion of Simon de Montfort.
A document dated 1322 speaks of a "Robin Hood stone" in Yorkshire. It is assumed that ballads - not human - were already well known by this time. Those who would place the real Robin Hood in this time period suggest that Robin Hood, the owner of Wakefield who took part in the rebellion of the Earl of Lancaster, was the prototype of the rebel hero. The following year, they point out, King Edward II visited Nottingham and took a certain Robin Hood into his service as court valet. He was paid his salary for the next 12 months or until he was fired "because he could no longer work." This evidence is beautifully presented in the third story of Robin Hood's Little Gesture.
The mention of King Edward II places the robber hero in the first quarter of the 14th century. But according to other versions, Robin Hood appears as a supporter of King Richard the Lionheart, who ruled in the last decade of the 12th century, and an opponent of Richard's brother and his successor John the Landless - as he was named for the territories lost in France.
Fictional stories.
What is most obvious about Robin Hood is the development of his legend. In the early ballads, there is no mention of Marian, the hero's girlfriend. It first appears at the end of the 15th century, when folk songs and dances become popular on May holidays. Huge baby John is with Robin Hood at the very beginning, but Father Took appears in the last ballad when he plunges Robin into the raging current. The real Robin Hood is a simple yeoman, later he turns into a rebellious nobleman.
There are so many controversial additions to the Robin Hood legend that it's unlikely that a true hero will ever be found. Most scholars now agree that he represents a type - the rogue hero - that has been described in ballads passed down from generation to generation since the 1300s. Storytellers weave a variety of conflicting stories and real people into their stories and turn it all into a story about a person who may never have existed. As one professor wrote: “Robin Hood is the product of a muse,” the invention of unknown poets who wanted to glorify the common man who sought justice against the pressure of nobility and wealth. This is what glorified him and made him the hero of ballads:
He was a good robber
And did a lot of good to the poor
And for this the Lord spared his soul.
There is also a version that Robin Hood was one of the warriors of King Richard the Lionheart. He ruled England in the last decade of the twelfth century. However, the mentioned monarch almost never visited his state, spending time in foreign military campaigns. And the adventures of Robin Hood unfold in England.
A certain tenant from Wakefield, who in 1322 took part in the uprising of the Earl of Lancaster, could also become the prototype of Robin Hood. This version is supported by documentary evidence that in 1323 the English King Edward II, having visited Nottingham, accepted a man named Robert Hood as his valet. Similar facts are given in The Ballad of Robin Hood.
Historians believe that if Robin Hood really existed, then he performed his exploits in the first quarter of the 14th century. This just coincided with the era of the reign of Edward II.
hooded man
Most researchers still tend to believe that Good is a nickname, not a surname. Hood (Hood) translated from English means "hood". This is a traditional element of clothing of all medieval robbers. By the way, this word could mean several hats at once: a hood, a cap, a cap, a hood, a helmet - the main thing is that it protects the entire head ... And the term also has a figurative meaning: “to hide”. Hence the expression "hoodlum" - "thug", "hooligan" (after all, honest people do not need to cover their faces and heads if they are not warriors). Thus, Robin Hood was understood as a secretive person with hooligan manners...
So, most likely, the image of Robin Hood is collective. Oppressed by the authorities and the rich, the poor dreamed of a folk hero who would fight for justice, protecting the rights of the most disadvantaged.
Robber's grave
Oddly enough, the mythical character has his own grave, next to which there is even a monument to Robin Hood. It is located near Kirkless Abbey in West Yorkshire.
According to legend, the sick Robin Hood came to the abbess of the monastery, having heard that she was very knowledgeable in the medical craft. But she turned out to be loyal to the authorities persecuting the robber and decided, on the contrary, to hasten his death. The woman went to the trick: she made Robin lose too much blood, and so that the patient did not notice this, she passed the blood through a jug with a hole.
Realizing that the end was near, Robin Hood bequeathed to bury himself where the arrow he fired would fall. The arrow fell about 650 meters from the monastery gatehouse, where, according to legend, the robber was overtaken by death. There they set up a memorial.
Meanwhile, researcher Richard Rutherford-Moore doubts that Robin Hood could be buried in this place. After experimenting with a bow and arrows of a medieval type, he concluded that an arrow fired from the window of the gatehouse could fly off from him at most 5 meters. And the archives testify that in the 18th century, in the process of laying pipes next to the notorious gatehouse, the remains of an unknown man were discovered. Maybe these were the bones of Robin Hood? But where they are now - no one knows.
In literature, a noble robber is a person who has been ruined, he has become a robber and robs and kills only the rich, but helps the poor. The story "Dubrovsky", written by A.S. Pushkin in 1832 - 1833, tells about the young landowner Vladimir Dubrovsky, who was ruined by his father's friend, Kirila Troekurov, Vladimir begins to rob, and falls in love with the daughter of his enemy. But Masha marries another man, and Dubrovsky goes abroad. When he was a robber, he helped the poor, took revenge on his enemies. Is he a noble robber? I think not.
Firstly, Vladimir is not noble, because he is a robber. To rob and kill is a mortal sin and a crime of the law. Dubrovsky does not look at this and calmly robs, although he had options on how to honestly earn a piece of bread: Vladimir could work like everyone else, he could become a military man. He chose the path of sin himself. This is not noble. Dubrovsky terrified people. Here is how it is described by Pushkin: ... "The robbers appeared in ** and spread terror throughout the surroundings. The measures taken against them by the government turned out to be insufficient. The robberies were more remarkable than the other, they followed one after another. There was no safety either on the roads or in the villages ... They traveled throughout the province during the day, stopped passers-by and mail, came to villages, robbed landowners' houses and set them on fire ... "And this is with the" noble "chief Dubrovsky! Secondly, Vladimir took revenge on the enemies. Is it noble? Not! And he himself, without a shadow of regret, says this to Masha about her father. Here is what he says: "My first bloody feat was to be accomplished over him. I walked around his house, appointing where to break out a fire, from where to enter his bedroom, how to block all his escape routes ... "That's nobility for you.
Dubrovsky allegedly loves Masha Troekurova without memory, he is ready to go through fire and water for her. But he is deceiving himself. Is it selfless love when you can't even lose something for the sake of your beloved?! No, this is not love. Here is what the author says about this: "Sleeping in the same room with a man whom he could consider his personal enemy and one of the main culprits of his disaster, Dubrovsky could not resist the temptation. He knew about the existence of the bag and decided to take it." Well, love!
I think that he is not a noble robber, because, in my opinion, there are no noble robbers, but I like him as an intelligent and strong person.
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