/ / / Comparative characteristics of Chatsky and Famusovsky society
In Griboyedov's comedy, Chatsky decides, by all means, to find out who owns the heart of his "beloved" at the moment. But a man is faced not only with the windiness of the bride. He receives in the society, to which he returned after many years, the rumor that he is not healthy in the head.
Young, smart, hot and categorical. He has an open soul, ingenuous thinking and a rebellious character. Also, a man has his own opinion and always expresses it to everyone. In this regard, he has the first problems in the Famusovs' house. A man with hatred refers to miserable similarities to a person. He does not tolerate deceitful flattery, sycophancy and people who are used to curry favor with others. In a dialogue with Famusov, he answers him like this: “I would be glad to serve, it’s sickening to serve ...”. The old man sees a certain threat in Chatsky, so he asks him to be silent when Colonel Skalozub appears. But the young man does not last long. He interferes in the conversation of the "stupid" military and flattering Famusov, which infuriates the old man.
Chatsky is very straightforward, does not curry favor with others, for which he receives the "status of a madman." Having met his friend Platon Mikhailovich at the ball, the man learns that he is already married. Chatsky initially rejoices at such news, but later realizes that the “newly made” husband is completely subordinate to his wife. She not only manipulates him like a woman, but literally kills all the male principles in him. Yes, and Plato admits to a friend that the Plato whom Chatsky knew is no more. This confession is hard to grasp for both friends. Everyone after this conversation is immersed in their thoughts.
And the society that has gathered in Famusov's house keeps saying that you need to smile, bend, humiliate yourself. And then in the future you will definitely get a “bigger piece” ... People look at each other, only from the point of view of “profitable - not profitable”. Nobody wants to hear the truth. Everyone wants flattering words, beautiful gestures, a carefree life. Everyone has been used to this for a long time. Therefore, the fiery speeches of the “rebel” Chatsky hurt their ears, and because of this, the man is recognized as “insane”.
He also does not accept the "guileless" groom. The girl has long made a choice in favor of her father's secretary,. She is used to listening to pleasant compliments from a friendly boyfriend in her address, and only positive statements about other people. But Famusova did not even guess that behind the complaisance and courtesy of her gentleman, only a cold calculation was hidden. At some point, she learns about the insidiousness of her boyfriend. This news simply plunged the girl into a stupor. She suddenly remembers Chatsky, regretting her words, but he remains implacable.
A man understands all her baseness and meanness. He does not forgive Sophia's betrayal, betrayal and deceit. In pursuit of a dream, his ideal of beauty, he suddenly forgot that the moral side of a person is much more important than the outer shell. Chatsky, once in love with her, looks into the girl’s very soul and is horrified by the cold, insincerity and emptiness that dwells in her.
He voluntarily becomes an outcast not only in Famusov's house, but throughout Moscow. It is disgusting for a man to be with those who are ready to fall low in order to achieve their goals. He condemns and does not accept the choice that society has made. A man prefers to remain himself and live in harmony with his honor and dignity.
| Characteristics | The present century | The past century |
| Attitude to wealth, to ranks | “They found protection from court in friends, in kinship, building magnificent chambers, where they overflow in feasts and extravagance, and where foreign clients of a past life will not resurrect the meanest traits”, “And for those who are higher, flattery, like weaving lace ...” | “Be poor, but if you have enough, two thousand family souls, that is the groom” |
| Service attitude | “I would be glad to serve, it’s sickening to serve”, “Uniform! one uniform! He, in their former life, once hid, embroidered and beautiful, their weak-heartedness, poverty of reason; And we follow them on a happy journey! And in wives, daughters - the same passion for the uniform! Have I renounced tenderness to him for a long time?! Now I can’t fall into this childishness ... " | “And with me, what’s the matter, what’s not the case, my custom is this: signed, so off my shoulders” |
| Attitude towards foreign | "And where foreign clients of the past life will not resurrect the meanest traits." “How from an early time we got used to believing that there is no salvation for us without the Germans.” | "The door is open to the invited and the uninvited, especially to foreigners." |
| Attitude towards education | “What, now, just as since ancient times, they are busy recruiting teachers for more regiments, at a cheaper price? ... we are ordered to recognize everyone as a historian and geographer.” | “To take away all the books and burn them”, “Learning is a plague, learning is the reason that now more than ever, crazy divorced people and deeds and opinions” |
| Relation to serfdom | “That Nestor of noble villains, surrounded by a crowd of servants; zealous, during the hours of wine and fights and honor, and saved his life more than once: all of a sudden, he exchanged three greyhounds for them !!! | Famusov is the defender of the old age, the heyday of serfdom. |
| Attitude towards Moscow customs and pastimes | “And who in Moscow did not stop their mouths, lunches, dinners and dances?” | “To Praskovya Fyodorovna I was called to the house on Tuesday on trout”, “On Thursday I was called for burial”, “Maybe on Friday, or maybe on Saturday I should be baptized by the widow, by the doctor.” |
| Attitude towards nepotism, patronage | “And who are the judges? - For the antiquity of years to a free life, their enmity is irreconcilable ...” | “With me, servants of strangers are very rare, more and more sisters, sister-in-law children” |
| Attitude towards freedom of judgment | “Forgive me, we are not guys, why are the opinions of strangers only holy?” | Learning is the plague, learning is the cause. What is now more than ever, crazy divorced people and deeds and opinions |
| Attitude towards love | sincerity of feeling | “Be poor, but if there are two thousand family souls, that is the groom” |
| Ideals | Chatsky's ideal is a free independent person, alien to slavish humiliation. | Famusov's ideal is a nobleman of the Catherine's century, "hunters to be mean" |
- Hero Brief description Pavel Afanasyevich Famusov The surname "Famusov" comes from the Latin word "fama", which means "rumour": by this Griboyedov wanted to emphasize that Famusov is afraid of rumors, public opinion, but on the other hand, there is a root in the root of the word "Famusov" the Latin word "famosus" - the famous, well-known wealthy landowner and major official. He is a famous person in the circle of the Moscow nobility. A well-born nobleman: related to the nobleman Maxim Petrovich, closely […]
- A. A. Chatsky A. S. Molchalin Character A straightforward, sincere young man. An ardent temperament often interferes with the hero, deprives him of impartiality of judgment. Secretive, cautious, helpful person. The main goal is a career, a position in society. Position in society Poor Moscow nobleman. Receives a warm welcome in the local community due to his lineage and old connections. Provincial tradesman by origin. The rank of collegiate assessor by law entitles him to the nobility. In the light […]
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- The image of Chatsky caused numerous controversies in criticism. I. A. Goncharov considered the hero Griboedov "a sincere and ardent figure", superior to Onegin and Pechorin. “... Chatsky is not only smarter than all other people, but also positively smart. His speech boils with intelligence, wit. He also has a heart, and, moreover, he is impeccably honest, ”wrote the critic. About the same way, Apollon Grigoriev spoke about this image, considering Chatsky a real fighter, an honest, passionate and truthful nature. Finally, a similar opinion was shared by […]
- At the sight of a rich house, a hospitable host, elegant guests, one involuntarily admires them. I would like to know what these people are like, what they talk about, what they are fond of, what is close to them, what is alien. Then you feel how the first impression is replaced by bewilderment, then - contempt both for the owner of the house, one of the Moscow "aces" Famusov, and for his entourage. There are other noble families, heroes of the war of 1812, Decembrists, great masters of culture came out of them (and if great people came out of such houses, as we see in comedy, then […]
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- The famous Russian writer Ivan Alexandrovich Goncharov said wonderful words about the work "Woe from Wit" - "Without Chatsky there would be no comedy, there would be a picture of morals." And I think the writer is right about that. It is the image of the protagonist of Griboedov's comedy Alexander Sergeevich "Woe from Wit" that determines the conflict of the entire story. People like Chatsky always turned out to be misunderstood by society, they brought progressive ideas and views to society, but the conservative society did not […]
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- In the comedy Woe from Wit, Sofya Pavlovna Famusova is the only character, conceived and executed, close to Chatsky. Griboyedov wrote about her: "The girl herself is not stupid, she prefers a fool to a smart person ...". Griboyedov abandoned farce and satire in portraying Sophia's character. He presented the reader with a female character of great depth and strength. Sophia was "unlucky" in criticism for quite a long time. Even Pushkin considered the image of Famusova a failure of the author; "Sophia is not clearly inscribed." And only in 1878 Goncharov in his article […]
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- Molchalin - characteristic features: the desire for a career, hypocrisy, the ability to serve, laconicism, poverty of the lexicon. This is due to his fear of expressing his judgment. He speaks mostly in short sentences and chooses words depending on who he is talking to. There are no foreign words and expressions in the language. Molchalin chooses delicate words, adding postively "-s". To Famusov - respectfully, to Khlestova - flatteringly, insinuatingly, with Sophia - with special modesty, with Lisa - he is not shy in expressions. Especially […]
- In Griboyedv's work "Woe from Wit", the episode "Ball at Famusov's House" is the main part of the comedy, because it is in this scene that the main character Chatsky shows the true face of Famusov and his society. Chatsky is a free and free-thinking character, he is disgusted by all the mores that Famusov tried to match as much as possible. He is not afraid to express his point of view, which differs from Pavel Afanasyevich. In addition, Alexander Andreevich himself was without rank and not rich, which means that he was not only a bad party […]
The comedy "Woe from Wit" reflects the brewing split in the society of the nobility. The change of one century by another, the ended war of 1812, required the landowners to reassess their values and change their outlook on social life. In this regard, there are nobles who want to improve the position of Russia by increasing the value of the human personality and civic consciousness. The struggle between the two groups of nobles is designated in the play as a clash between the "current century" and the "past century". In the comedy Woe from Wit, Chatsky and Famusov are the main opponents.
The problem of the mind in comedy
A.S. Griboyedov wrote about his work: "In my comedy there are 25 fools for one sane person." Under the "sane person" Griboyedov means the main character of the comedy - Alexander Andreyevich Chatsky. But in the process of analyzing the work, it becomes clear that Famusov cannot be called a fool either. Since Griboyedov put his own thoughts and ideals into the image of Chatsky, the author is completely on the side of the protagonist. However, both Chatsky and Famusov have their own truth, which each of the heroes defends. And each of them has his own mind, just the mind of Chatsky and the mind of Famusov differ in quality.
The mind of a nobleman who adheres to conservative views and ideals is aimed at protecting his comfort, his warm place from everything new. The new is hostile to the old way of life of the feudal landlords, because it threatens its existence. Famusov adheres to such views.
Chatsky, on the other hand, is the owner of an efficient, flexible mind, aimed at building a new world, in which the main values will be the honor and dignity of a person, his personality, and not money and position in society.
Values and ideals of Chatsky and Famusov
The views of Chatsky and Famusov sharply diverge on all issues related to the way of life of a nobleman. Chatsky is a supporter of education, enlightenment, he himself is “sharp, smart, eloquent”, “writes and translates nicely”. Famusov and his society, on the contrary, consider excessive "scholarship" harmful to society and are very afraid of the appearance in their midst of people like Chatsky. The Chatskys threaten Famusov's Moscow with the loss of her usual comfort and the opportunity to spend her life "in feasts and in extravagance."
The dispute between Chatsky and Famusov also flares up around the attitude of the nobles to the service. Chatsky "does not serve, that is, he does not find any benefit in that." The protagonist of the comedy explains it this way: "I would be glad to serve - it's sickening to serve." But the conservative noble society is arranged in such a way that without “serving” it is impossible to achieve anything here. Chatsky wants to serve “the cause, not the individuals.” But Famusov and his supporters have a completely different view on the issue of service.
Famusov's ideal is his late uncle Maxim Petrovich. He earned the respect of the Empress herself by the fact that once at a reception he behaved like a jester. Having stumbled and fallen, he decided to turn this awkward situation in his favor: he fell a few more times on purpose to make the audience and Empress Catherine laugh. This ability to "serve" brought Maxim Petrovich great wealth and weight in society.
Chatsky does not accept such ideals, for him this is a humiliation. He calls this time the age of "submissiveness and fear", which clamps down on human freedom. The hero's comparison of the "current century" and the "past century" does not turn out in favor of the latter, because now "everyone breathes more freely and is in no hurry to fit into the regiment of jesters."
Family values of Chatsky and Famusov
The clash between Famusov and Chatsky also occurs over the divergence of their views on family values. Famusov believes that when creating a family, the presence of love is completely unimportant. “He who is poor is not a match for you,” he says to his daughter. Both in society and in the family, money is at the forefront. Wealth for the Famus society is the same as happiness. Personal qualities do not matter either in society or in the family: “Be poor, but if there are two thousand family souls, that is the groom.”
Chatsky, on the other hand, is a supporter of a living feeling, which is why he is terrible for Famus' Moscow. This hero puts love above money, education above position in society. Therefore, the conflict between Chatsky and Famusov flares up.
conclusions
A comparative description of Chatsky and Famusov reveals all the meanness and immorality of Famusov and his supporters. But Chatsky's time in the society described in the comedy "Woe from Wit" has not yet come. The protagonist is expelled from this environment, declaring him insane. Chatsky is forced to retreat due to the numerical superiority of the "past century." But he leaves Moscow not as a loser, but as a winner. Secular Moscow was frightened by his speeches. His truth is terrible for them, it threatens their personal comfort. His truth will triumph, so the replacement of the old by the new is historically natural.
The clash between Famusov and Chatsky is a dispute between two generations, two different worlds. The arguments and causes of the conflict described in this article can be used by students in grade 9 while writing an essay on the topic “Characteristics of Chatsky and Famusov in the comedy “Woe from Wit””
Artwork test
L-9. A.S.Griboyedov. "Woe from Wit". Chatsky and the Famus Society.
Crowd surrounded by servants;
Zealous, they are in the hours of wine and fight
And honor and life saved him more than once: suddenly
He traded three greyhounds for them!!!”;
“Or that one else, which is for tricks
He drove to the fortress ballet on many wagons
From mothers, fathers of rejected children?!
He himself is immersed in mind in Zephyrs and Cupids, He made all of Moscow marvel at their beauty!
But the debtors did not agree to the postponement: -
Cupids and Zephyrs all
Sold out singly!!!"
Khlyostov:
“Out of boredom, I took with me
Arapka-girl and dog;
Tell them to feed already, my friend,
From dinner came handouts";
Khlyostov about arapka:
“Imagine: they are paraded like animals,
I heard that there ... the city is Turkish ... ";
Famusov:
“In your work, in your settlement.
Ready to sell me for a penny"
Attitude to Moscow manners and pastime
“Yes, and who in Moscow did not clamp their mouths
Lunches, dinners and dances?
“Houses are new, but prejudices are old.
Rejoice, they will not exterminate
Neither their years, nor fashion, nor fires "
Famusov:
“All Moscow ones have a special imprint.
Take a look at our youth
For young men - sons and grandchildren.
We chew them, and if you make out, -
At fifteen, teachers will be taught!
What about our elders? - How will enthusiasm take them,
They will judge about deeds, that the word is a sentence ...
And sometimes they talk about the government like that,
What if someone overheard them ... trouble!
Not that novelties were introduced - never,
God save us!.. No. And they will find fault
To this, to this, and more often to nothing,
They will argue, make some noise, and ... disperse.
And the ladies? - put someone in, try to master;
Judges to everything, everywhere, there are no judges over them ...
And whoever has seen daughters, hang your head! ..
And for sure, is it possible to be more educated!
They know how to dress themselves up
Taftza, marigold and haze,
They won’t say a word in simplicity, everything is done with a grimace;
French novels sing to you
And the top ones bring out the notes,
They cling to military people,
Because they are patriots.
I will say emphatically: hardly
Another capital is found, like Moscow "
Attitude towards ideals
“Everyone breathes more freely and is in no hurry to fit into the regiment of jesters”;
"Now let one of us,
In the sciences, he will stick the mind, hungry for knowledge;
Or in his soul God himself will excite the heat
to creative, lofty and beautiful arts.
They immediately: robbery! fire!
and pass for them as a dreamer! dangerous!"
Famusov:
“That’s it, you are all proud!
Would you ask how the fathers did?
Would study, looking at the elders:
We, for example, or the dead uncle,
Maxim Petrovich: he is not on silver,
I ate on gold; one hundred people at your service;
All in orders; he drove forever in a train;
A century at the court, but at what court!
BUT? what do you think? Smart in our opinion.
He fell painfully, got up great ”;
Molchalin:
“How can you! his syllable is set as a model here!
Attitude towards education
“And that consumptive, relative to you, the enemy of books,
In the scientific committee that settled
And with a cry demanded an oath,
So that no one knew and did not study to read and write?
"What now, just as of old,
Trouble recruiting teachers regiments,
More in number, cheaper price?
Not that they are far in science;
In Russia, under a great fine,
We are told to recognize each
Historian and geographer!
(Chatsky is ironic,
but for him this issue is not resolved definitively)
For the Famusovs, education is the main reason for the “madness” that Chatsky and his ilk are obsessed with.
Famusov:
“Tell me that it’s not good for her eyes to spoil,
And in reading, the use is not great:
She has no sleep from French books,
And it hurts me to sleep from the Russians”;
“We take the tramps, and into the house, and by tickets,
To teach our daughters everything, everything -
And dancing! and foam! and tenderness! and sigh!
As if we are preparing them for wives for buffoons ”;
Famusov:
“Learning is the plague, learning is the cause.
What is now more than ever,
Crazy divorced people, and deeds, and opinions ”;
Khlyostov:
“And really you will go crazy from these, from some
From boarding schools, schools, lyceums, as you put them,
Yes, from lancard mutual teachings”;
Princess Tugoukhovskaya:
“No, in St. Petersburg there is an institute
Pe-da-go-gic, that's what they call it:
There they practice in schisms and disbelief
Professors!! - Our relatives studied with them,
And left! Though now in a drugstore, in an apprentice.
Runs from women, and even from me!
Chinov doesn't want to know! He is a chemist, he is a botanist,
Prince Fedor, my nephew";
Puffer:
“I will make you happy: the general rumor,
That there is a project about lyceums, schools, gymnasiums; There they will only teach in our way: one-two;
And the books will be kept like this: for big occasions”;
Famusov:
“... so if the evil is stopped;
take away all the books and burn them”;
Zagoretsky:
“No, sir, books are different books.
And if, between us,
I was appointed censor
I would have leaned on fables; oh! Fables are my death! Eternal mockery of lions! Above the eagles!
Whoever says:
Although animals, but still kings "
Service attitude
The question of the attitude to the service has been standing since the time of classicism. The classicists considered it necessary to serve the state (an enlightened monarch), while the Decembrists put service to the Fatherland in the first place.
“I would be glad to serve, it’s sickening to serve”;
“Who serves the cause, not the persons…”;
Famusov about Chatsky:
“Does not serve, that is, does not find any benefit in that,
But if you want, it would be businesslike.
It’s a pity, it’s a pity, he’s small with a head ... ”;
“When in business, I hide from fun,
When I'm fooling around, I'm fooling around;
And to mix these two crafts
There are a lot of artisans, I'm not one of them"
Famusov:
"I'm afraid, sir, I'm deadly alone,
So that a lot of them (papers) do not accumulate ...; ... my custom is this:
Signed, so off your shoulders ";
Famusov:
"Then it's not what it is now,
Under the empress, he served Catherine ... ";
Famusov:
“With me, servants of strangers are very rare;
One Molchalin is not mine,
And then that business.
to the place
Well, how not to please your dear little man! ... ";
Famusov Skalozub:
"You behaved properly,
For a long time colonels, and serve recently ";
Molchalin to Chatsky:
“Well, really, what would you like to serve us in Moscow?
And take awards and have fun?
Attitude towards foreign
The relationship between national and European is an important problem for that time. National identity is the ideal of the Decembrists. The attitude of the "past century" to the dominance of foreigners and the foreign is ambiguous.
“As from an early time we used to believe,
That there is no salvation for us without the Germans!”;
“Well, he is a cavalier.
We will be required to be with an estate and in rank,
And Guillaume! .. - What is the tone here today
At conventions at large
on parish holidays?
There is also a mixture of languages:
French with Nizhny Novgorod?
“Unhappy! Should there be reproaches
From imitators to milliners?
For what you dare to choose
Original lists?
(about Moscow fashionistas copying foreign fashion);
"I odal sent wishes
Humble, but out loud
So that the Lord destroy this unclean spirit of Empty, servile, blind imitation;
So that he would plant a spark in someone with a soul, Who could by word and example
Hold us like a strong rein,
From pitiful nausea on the side of a stranger "
“Will we ever rise again from the foreign power of fashion?
So that our smart, cheerful people
Although the language did not consider us Germans ... "
Famusov:
“And all the Kuznetsky Most and the eternal French, From there fashions come to us, and authors, and muses:
Destroyers of pockets and hearts!
When the Creator delivers us
From their hats! bonnets! and studs! and pins!
And bookstores and biscuit shops!”;
Famusov:
“Who wants to welcome us, if you please,
The door is open to the invited and the uninvited,
Especially for foreign…”
Attitude to wealth and ranks
"The patrons yawn at the ceiling,
To appear silent, to shuffle, to dine, to substitute a chair, to pick up a handkerchief”;
They found protection from judgment in friends, in kinship, Magnificent building chambers,
Where they overflow in feasts and extravagance,
And where the foreign clients of the past life will not resurrect the meanest traits”;
"Now let one of us,
Of the young people, there is: the enemy of quest,
Not demanding either places or promotions,
In the sciences, he will stick the mind, hungry for knowledge ... ";
"Munid! one uniform! He is in their former life
Once sheltered, embroidered and beautiful,
Their weak-heartedness, reason poverty…”;
“Ranks are given by people,
And people can be deceived
Lisa about Famusov:
“I would like a son-in-law with stars and ranks,
And under the stars, not everyone is rich, between us ... ";
Famusov:
“What kind of aces in Moscow live and die!”;
Famusov about Skalozub:
“... A famous person, respectable,
And he picked up the darkness of distinction;
Out of years and an enviable rank,
Not today, tomorrow General.
Pity, with him behave modestly ... ";
Famusov:
"Be bad, but if you have enough
Souls of a thousand two tribal,
He and the groom";
Molchalin:
"Tatyana Yuryevna!!! well-known, and
Officials and officials -
All her friends and all relatives…”;
Molchalin:
“After all, you need to depend on others”
Attitude towards nepotism, patronage
“Where, show us, fathers of the fatherland,
Which should we take as samples?
Are not these rich in robbery?
They found protection from court in friends, in kinship ... ";
“Is it not the one you are to whom I am still from the swaddling clothes,
For some incomprehensible intentions,
Did they take the child to bow?
That Nestor of noble villains ... "
Famusov:
“The deceased was a respectable chamberlain,
With the key, and he knew how to deliver the key to his son ... ";
Famusov:
"Not! I am in front of my relatives, where I will meet, crawling;
I will look for her at the bottom of the sea.
With me, employees of strangers are very rare;
More and more sister, sister-in-law children;
One Molchalin is not mine,
And then that business.
How will you introduce to the christening?
to the place
Well, how not to please your dear little man! .. "
Attitude towards love, marriage, happiness
“What new will Moscow show me?
Yesterday there was a ball, and tomorrow there will be two.
He got married - he managed, but he gave a miss,
All the same sense, and the same verses in the albums ”;
“But does he have that passion? that feeling? ardor that?
So that besides you he has a whole world
Was it dust and vanity?
So that every beat of the heart
Has love accelerated towards you?
So that thoughts were everything, and all his deeds
Soul - you? do you please?
I feel it myself, I cannot say;
But what is now boiling in me, worries, enrages,
I wouldn’t wish it on my personal enemy either”;
Chatsky Sophia:
"Think, you can always
Protect, and swaddle, and send for business.
Husband-boy, husband-servant, from the wife's pages, The high ideal of all Moscow men "
Lisa:
“Sin is no problem! Rumor is not good!”;
Lisa:
“Well, people in this side!
She to him, and he to me.
And I ... only I crush love to death!
And how not to fall in love with the barman Petrusha!
Molchalin:
"And now I take the form of a lover
To please the daughter of such a person ... "
Attitude towards freedom of judgment
Chatsky to Molchalin:
“Forgive me, we are not guys,
Why are other people's opinions only holy?
“Who are the judges? - For the antiquity of years
To a free life their enmity is irreconcilable,
Judgments draw from forgotten newspapers
The times of the Ochakovskys and the conquest of the Crimea ... "
Molchalin:
"In my summers one should not dare
Have your own opinion"
Relation to the meaning of the word "mind"
“And sure enough, the world began to grow stupid,
You can say with a sigh;
How to compare and see
The current century and the past century;
Chatsky about Molchalin:
“Why not a husband? There is only little mind in him;
But to have children
Who didn’t have enough mind? ”;
"Like dresses, hair, and minds are short! .."
Sofia:
"Oh! if someone loves someone
Why look for the mind and travel so far?
Famusov:
“The other, at least be quicker, puffed up with all sorts of swagger,
Let yourself be a wise man
But they won’t include them in the family, don’t look at us ... ”;
Sofia:
“Of course, he doesn’t have this mind,
What a genius for others, and for others a plague,
Who is quick, brilliant and soon opposes, Who scolds the light on the spot,
So that the world at least says something about him;
Will such a mind make a family happy?
Repetilov:
“Yes, a smart person cannot but be a rogue ...”
Prepared by: N.D. Pronina, teacher of Russian language and literature
The comedy "Woe from Wit" reflects the brewing split in the society of the nobility. The change of one century by another, the ended war of 1812, required the landowners to reassess their values and change their outlook on social life. In this regard, there are nobles who want to improve the position of Russia by increasing the value of the human personality and civic consciousness. The struggle between the two groups of nobles is designated in the play as a clash between the "current century" and the "past century". In the comedy Woe from Wit, Chatsky and Famusov are the main opponents.
The problem of the mind in comedy
A.S. Griboyedov wrote about his work: "In my comedy there are 25 fools for one sane person." Under the "sane person" Griboyedov means the main character of the comedy - Alexander Andreyevich Chatsky. But in the process of analyzing the work, it becomes clear that Famusov cannot be called a fool either. Since Griboyedov put his own thoughts and ideals into the image of Chatsky, the author is completely on the side of the protagonist. However, both Chatsky and Famusov have their own truth, which each of the heroes defends. And each of them has his own mind, just the mind of Chatsky and the mind of Famusov differ in quality.
The mind of a nobleman who adheres to conservative views and ideals is aimed at protecting his comfort, his warm place from everything new. The new is hostile to the old way of life of the feudal landlords, because it threatens its existence. Famusov adheres to such views.
Chatsky, on the other hand, is the owner of an efficient, flexible mind, aimed at building a new world, in which the main values will be the honor and dignity of a person, his personality, and not money and position in society.
Values and ideals of Chatsky and Famusov
The views of Chatsky and Famusov sharply diverge on all issues related to the way of life of a nobleman. Chatsky is a supporter of education, enlightenment, he himself is “sharp, smart, eloquent”, “writes and translates nicely”. Famusov and his society, on the contrary, consider excessive "scholarship" harmful to society and are very afraid of the appearance in their midst of people like Chatsky. The Chatskys threaten Famusov's Moscow with the loss of her usual comfort and the opportunity to spend her life "in feasts and in extravagance."
The dispute between Chatsky and Famusov also flares up around the attitude of the nobles to the service. Chatsky "does not serve, that is, he does not find any benefit in that." The protagonist of the comedy explains it this way: "I would be glad to serve - it's sickening to serve." But the conservative noble society is arranged in such a way that without “serving” it is impossible to achieve anything here. Chatsky wants to serve “the cause, not the individuals.” But Famusov and his supporters have a completely different view on the issue of service.
Famusov's ideal is his late uncle Maxim Petrovich. He earned the respect of the Empress herself by the fact that once at a reception he behaved like a jester. Having stumbled and fallen, he decided to turn this awkward situation in his favor: he fell a few more times on purpose to make the audience and Empress Catherine laugh. This ability to "serve" brought Maxim Petrovich great wealth and weight in society.
Chatsky does not accept such ideals, for him this is a humiliation. He calls this time the age of "submissiveness and fear", which clamps down on human freedom. The hero's comparison of the "current century" and the "past century" does not turn out in favor of the latter, because now "everyone breathes more freely and is in no hurry to fit into the regiment of jesters."
Family values of Chatsky and Famusov
The clash between Famusov and Chatsky also occurs over the divergence of their views on family values. Famusov believes that when creating a family, the presence of love is completely unimportant. “He who is poor is not a match for you,” he says to his daughter. Both in society and in the family, money is at the forefront. Wealth for the Famus society is the same as happiness. Personal qualities do not matter either in society or in the family: “Be poor, but if there are two thousand family souls, that is the groom.”
Chatsky, on the other hand, is a supporter of a living feeling, which is why he is terrible for Famus' Moscow. This hero puts love above money, education above position in society. Therefore, the conflict between Chatsky and Famusov flares up.
conclusions
A comparative description of Chatsky and Famusov reveals all the meanness and immorality of Famusov and his supporters. But Chatsky's time in the society described in the comedy "Woe from Wit" has not yet come. The protagonist is expelled from this environment, declaring him insane. Chatsky is forced to retreat due to the numerical superiority of the "past century." But he leaves Moscow not as a loser, but as a winner. Secular Moscow was frightened by his speeches. His truth is terrible for them, it threatens their personal comfort. His truth will triumph, so the replacement of the old by the new is historically natural.
The clash between Famusov and Chatsky is a dispute between two generations, two different worlds. The arguments and causes of the conflict described in this article can be used by students in grade 9 while writing an essay on the topic “Characteristics of Chatsky and Famusov in the comedy “Woe from Wit””
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