Historical digressions in the novel "Eugene Onegin"

“First of all, we re-read the epigraphs: Dmitriev, Baratynsky and Griboyedov. (11, p. 181) They outline the main theme of the seventh chapter -- Moscow theme, where Pushkin transfers the action of the novel. The epigraphs testify that the poet looks at Moscow not as a second capital, but as a beloved Russian city, embodying the Motherland with the greatest strength and fullness, the focus of one love, and bows before the great role in the history of the Russian state. ”(7, p. . fifteen)

G. Belinsky wrote: “The first half of the 7th chapter ... is somehow especially distinguished from everything by the depth of feeling and marvelously beautiful verses.

Here Pushkin talks about the future of Russia, about future roads, talks about the present. It seems that it belongs to him the phrase that there are two troubles in Russia: fools and roads.

“... (After five hundred years) roads, right,

We will change immeasurably:

Highway Russia here and here,

Connecting, cross,

Cast iron bridges across the water

Stepping in a wide arc

And lead the baptized world

There is a tavern at every station…” (11, p. 194)

“Now our roads are bad.

Forgotten bridges rot

Bed bugs and fleas at the stations

Sleep minutes do not give;

There are no taverns…”

“But winters are sometimes cold ...

... The winter road is smooth ... " (11, p. 194)

And in front of us is like a map of Moscow:

“Already white-stone Moscow,

Like heat, with golden crosses

The ancient chapters are burning ... " (11, p. 194)

"In my wandering destiny,

Moscow, I thought about you! Moscow ... how much in this sound

Merged for the Russian heart!

How much resonated in it!» (11, p. 194)

Petrovsky Castle was located near the entrance to Moscow. In 1812, during a campaign in Russia, Napoleon escaped in it from a fire that engulfed Moscow and the Kremlin.

"Petrovsky Castle. He is gloomy

Proud of recent glory.

Waiting in vainNapoleon ,

Intoxicated with last happiness,

Moscow kneeling

With the keys of the old Kremlin:

No, I didn't goMoscow is mine

To him with a guilty head.

Not a holiday, not an accepting gift,

She was preparing a fire

An impatient hero.

From here, immersed in thought,

He looked at the terrible flame.” (11, p. 195)

In the novel, Pushkin described and perfectly correlated the landscapes of different cities and villages. I mean Petersburg and Moscow. And the village of Onegin and the Larins.

“Go! Already the pillars of the outpost

Turn white; here on Tverskaya

The wagon rushes through potholes.

Flickering past the booth, women,

Boys, benches, lanterns,

Palaces, gardens, monasteries,

Bukharians, sleighs, vegetable gardens,

Merchants, shacks, peasants…” (11, p. 195)

"Eugene Onegin" - the pinnacle of A.S. Pushkin. In his eighth article "Eugene Onegin" V.G. Belinsky wrote: "Onegin" is Pushkin's most sincere work, the most beloved child of his imagination, and one can point out ...

The letters of Tatyana and Onegin stand out sharply from the general text of Pushkin's novel in verse "Eugene Onegin". Even the author himself gradually highlights them: an attentive reader will immediately notice that there is no longer a strictly organized “Onegin stanza”, but a noticeable ...

Pushkin worked on the novel "Eugene Onegin" for many years, it was his favorite work. Belinsky in his article "Eugene Onegin" called the work "an encyclopedia of Russian life." The novel was for the poet, according to him ...

First of all, Lensky lacks his own personal experience, which he has suffered through. Almost everything from his borrowed scholarship to poetry is literally all gleaned from books, from romantic German poetry and philosophy of the first two decades of the 19th century. He is not...

1. New!

   The novel "Eugene Onegin" is the main creation of A. S. Pushkin. It was here that readers saw all aspects of Russian life, recognized the living and burning modernity, recognized themselves and their acquaintances, the entire environment, the capital, the village, neighbors, landowners and serfs ....

In a work of art, the hero's inner world is revealed to a greater extent not through external speech, but through the inner one, which, as a rule, results in the hero's monologue. I would like to consider the work of A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin" -...

Eugene Onegin lyrical digressions

Describing the events in the novel and revealing various topics, he supplements it with his own observations, his statements, and opinions, which makes the work look like a reliable one. Lyrical digressions, which are not difficult to find in Eugene Onegin, are a live communication between the writer and the heroes of the work. So, for example, when Onegin goes to the ball, Pushkin immediately talks about how he, too, was crazy about balls in his time. He discusses women's legs and immediately apologizes to the reader for such memories, promising to become a little more mature.

Thanks to the lyrical digressions that we already meet in the first chapter of the novel, where the author expresses his opinion about Onegin, Pushkin thereby makes himself not only a narrator, but also a character, where the writer is a friend of the hero, calling him a good friend.

The role of lyrical digressions is enormous, because they enliven the work, better reveal the theme of the author's work. They acquaint us with the biography of Pushkin, which recalls the southern exile, there are memories of his youth and the period of study at the Lyceum. In digressions, the writer dedicates us to his plans, talks about literature, theater.

A lot of lyrical digressions are devoted to Russian nature and seasons. So Pushkin talks about winter, remembering the boys who cut ice with their skates, writes how the first snow curls. Describing summer, he speaks of spring - the time of love, the author does not pass by the autumn season either. Pushkin devotes a special place to digressions according to the times of the day, where the night is the most attractive time for the writer.

Thanks to lyrical digressions, the writer has the opportunity to have an easy conversation with readers, where he can talk about the youth of his time and their upbringing, about how they spend their time painting pictures of the life of that time.

If you single out the theme of lyrical digressions separately, you can see the theme of creativity in general and the author's reflections on the specifics of the work. Secular life is also revealed here, and the theme of love is also touched upon in the novel. In lyrical digressions, the theme of friendship, the theme of freedom, village life can be traced, there are also biographical motifs.

An essay on the topic “Lyrical digressions and their role in the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin"

The novel "Eugene Onegin" was written by Pushkin for more than eight years - from the spring of 1823 to the autumn of 1831. At the very beginning of his work, Pushkin wrote to the poet P.A. Vyazemsky: “Now I am writing not a novel, but a novel in verse - a diabolical difference!” The poetic form gives "Eugene Onegin" features that sharply distinguish it from a prose novel; it expresses the thoughts and feelings of the author much more strongly.

The originality is given to the novel by the constant participation of the author in it: there is both an author-narrator and an author-actor. In the first chapter, Pushkin writes: "Onegin, my good friend ...". Here the author is introduced - the protagonist, one of Onegin's secular friends.

Thanks to numerous lyrical digressions, we get to know the author better. So readers get acquainted with his biography. The first chapter contains the following lines:

It's time to leave the boring beach

I hate the elements

And among the midday swells,

Under the sky of my Africa,

Sigh about gloomy Russia...

These lines are about the fact that fate separated the author from his homeland, and the words “My Africa” make us understand that we are talking about a southern exile. The narrator clearly wrote about his suffering and longing for Russia. In the sixth chapter, the narrator regrets the departed young years, he also wonders what will happen in the future:

Where, where did you go,

My golden days of spring?

What does the coming day have in store for me?

In lyrical digressions, the poet's memories of the days “when in the gardens of the Lyceum” he began to “appear to the muse” come to life. Such lyrical digressions give us the right to judge the novel as the history of the personality of the poet himself.

Many lyrical digressions present in the novel contain a description of nature. Throughout the novel, we encounter pictures of Russian nature. There are all seasons here: both winter, “when the boys are joyful people” “cuts the ice” with skates, and “the first snow curls”, flashes, “falling on the shore”, and “northern summer”, which the author calls “a caricature of southern winters” , and spring is “the time of love”, and, of course, autumn, beloved by the author, does not go unnoticed. A lot of Pushkin refers to the description of the time of day, the most beautiful of which is night. The author, however, does not at all strive to depict some exceptional, extraordinary pictures. On the contrary, everything is simple, ordinary - and at the same time beautiful.

Descriptions of nature are inextricably linked with the characters of the novel, they help us better understand their inner world. We repeatedly notice in the novel the narrator's reflections on Tatyana's spiritual closeness to nature, with which he characterizes the moral qualities of the heroine. Often the landscape appears to the reader as Tatyana sees it: “... she loved to warn the sunrise on the balcony” or “... through the window Tatyana saw a whitened yard in the morning.”

The well-known critic VG Bellinsky called the novel "an encyclopedia of Russian life." And indeed it is. An encyclopedia is a systematic overview, usually from “A” to “Z”. Such is the novel “Eugene Onegin”: if you carefully look through all the lyrical digressions, we will see that the thematic range of the novel is expanded from “A” to “Z”.

In the eighth chapter, the author calls his novel "free". This freedom is, first of all, a casual conversation between the author and the reader with the help of lyrical digressions, the expression of thoughts from the author's "I". It was this form of narration that helped Pushkin to recreate a picture of his contemporary society: readers learn about the upbringing of young people, how they spend their time, the author closely watches balls and contemporary fashion. The narrator describes the theater especially vividly. Talking about this “magic region”, the author recalls both Fonvizin and Knyazhin, and Istomin especially attracts his attention, who, “touching the floor with one foot”, “suddenly flies” as light as a feather.

A lot of reasoning is devoted to the problems of Pushkin's contemporary literature. In them, the narrator argues about the literary language, about the use of foreign words in it, without which it is sometimes impossible to describe some things:

Describe my case:

But pantaloons, tailcoat, vest,

"Eugene Onegin" is a novel about the history of the creation of the novel. The author talks to us in lines of lyrical digressions. The novel is being created as if before our eyes: it contains drafts and plans, a personal assessment of the novel by the author. The narrator encourages the reader to co-create (The reader is waiting for the rhyme rose / Na, take it quickly!). The author himself appears before us in the role of a reader: “he reviewed all this strictly ...”. Numerous lyrical digressions suggest a certain freedom of the author, the movement of the narrative in different directions.

The image of the author in the novel is many-sided: he is both the narrator and the hero. But if all his characters: Tatyana, Onegin, Lensky and others are fictional, then the creator of this entire fictional world is real. The author evaluates the actions of his characters, he can either agree with them or oppose them with the help of lyrical digressions.

The novel, built on an appeal to the reader, tells about the fictitiousness of what is happening, that it is just a dream. Dream like life

An essay on the topic “Lyrical digressions and their role in the novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin" The novel "Eugene Onegin" was written by Pushkin for more than eight years - from the spring of 1823 to the autumn of 1831. At the very beginning of his work, Pushkin wrote to the poet P.A.

The role of lyrical digressions in the novel "Eugene Onegin" is difficult to overestimate. They help the author to express many thoughts and ideas that would be incomprehensible or not so obvious without them.

Meaning of the novel

The role of lyrical digressions in the novel "Eugene Onegin" is enormous. With their help, the author constantly intervenes in the narrative, stubbornly reminding himself. With the help of this technique, which was later actively used by other authors, the poet acquaints the reader with his own point of view on a variety of issues and life problems, formulates his own ideological position.

Thanks to lyrical digressions in the novel "Eugene Onegin", Pushkin even manages to portray himself next to the main character (they appear together on the banks of the Neva).

Making a novel

Over his novel, Pushkin insisted on just such a definition of the genre, although outwardly the work looks more like a poem, the poet worked for seven whole years. He finished it only in 1831. Pushkin called his work on it a real feat. According to him, only "Boris Godunov" was given to him just as hard.

The poet began to work on "Onegin" in Chisinau, when he was in southern exile. At that time, the author was experiencing a creative crisis, reconsidering a lot in his worldview. In particular, he abandoned romanticism in favor of realism.

This transition is especially noticeable in the first chapters of Eugene Onegin, in which romanticism is still keeping pace with realism.

The novel was originally planned to have 9 chapters. But then Pushkin reworked the entire structure, leaving only 8. From the final content, he removed the part dedicated to Onegin's journey. Its fragments can only be found in appendices to the text.

The novel details the events between 1819 and 1825. It all starts with the foreign campaign of the Russian army against the French, and ends with the uprising of the Decembrists.

The plot of the novel

The novel begins with the fact that the young St. Petersburg nobleman Eugene Onegin, due to the illness of his uncle, is forced to leave the capital for the countryside. Such is the plot of this work. After Pushkin talks about the upbringing and education of the protagonist. They were typical of a representative of his circle. He was taught exclusively by foreign teachers.

His life in St. Petersburg was filled with love affairs and intrigues. A series of constant entertainment led him to the blues.

He goes to his uncle to say goodbye to a dying relative, but no longer finds him alive. He becomes the heir to the entire estate. But soon the spleen overtakes him in the village. The young neighbor Lensky, who has just returned from Germany, is trying to entertain him.

It turns out that Onegin's new friend is crazy about Olga Larina, the daughter of a local wealthy landowner. She has another sister, Tatyana, who, unlike Olga, is always thoughtful and silent. Onegin is indifferent to the girl, but Tatyana herself falls in love with a St. Petersburg nobleman.

She decides to take an unprecedented step at that time - she writes a letter to her lover. But even then Onegin rejects her, the calmness of family life disgusts him. Soon, again out of spleen and boredom, at a party with the Larins, Onegin makes Lensky jealous of Olga. Young and hot Lensky immediately challenges him to a duel.

Onegin kills his former friend and leaves the village.

The novel ends with the meeting of Onegin and Tatyana in the capital three years later. By that time, the girl had married a general and became a real society lady. This time, Eugene falls in love with her, but she rejects him, because she believes that she must remain faithful to her husband to the end.

A novel about everything

It is no coincidence that many critics call Pushkin's novel "Eugene Onegin" an encyclopedia of Russian life. Perhaps, you will never meet such a work, where the subject matter is so extensive.

The author not only talks about the fate of the characters, but also discusses the most intimate with the reader, tells about creative plans, talks about art, music and literature, tastes and ideals that are close to his contemporaries. This is what lyrical digressions are devoted to in the novel "Eugene Onegin".

It is with the help of such digressions that Pushkin transforms an ordinary story of friendship and love into a full-fledged picture of the era, creates a holistic and tangible image of Russia in the first quarter of the 19th century.

Themes and forms of lyrical digressions in "Eugene Onegin"

Extensive digressions can be found already in the first chapter of the novel. They are devoted to the achievements of Russian theatrical art, an essay on the author's contemporary secular customs, opinions on the unusual habits of secular lionesses and their husbands.

In the very first chapter of the novel, the theme of love is heard for the first time. Critics believe that in the lyrical elegiac recollection, Pushkin is sad about Volkonskaya. In subsequent chapters, love becomes an occasion for authorial digressions.

The role of lyrical digressions in the novel by A. S. Pushkin is difficult to overestimate. With their help, the author formulates his own opinion about what is happening, creates the effect of the reader's participation in what is happening, creating the illusion of a dialogue with him.

For example, this role of lyrical digressions in the novel "Eugene Onegin" can be traced at the moment when the author comments on the refusal of the protagonist from Tatyana's love. Pushkin persistently defends the protagonist from the accusations that may fall on him. He emphasizes that this is not the first time Onegin shows his nobility.

Friendship Theme

What is the role of lyrical digressions in the novel "Eugene Onegin" can be understood by the way he sanctifies the theme of friendship. This happens at the very end of the fourth chapter.

Talking about the friendship between Onegin and Lensky, Pushkin raises the theme of narcissism and disregard for others. Arguing that selfishness is one of the typical traits of a generation.

Images of Russian nature

One of the poet's discoveries in this novel was the creation of realistic images of Russian nature. More than one chapter of "Eugene Onegin" is devoted to them.

The author pays attention to all seasons without exception, accompanies all this with landscape sketches. For example, before telling about Tatyana's letter to Onegin, Pushkin describes a night garden, and the scene ends with a picture of a rural morning.

Literary questions

It is interesting that in the novel by Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin "Eugene Onegin" there was also a place for lyrical digressions devoted to the problems of contemporary literature and the native language of the author. As well as the theme of the creative crisis in which writers often find themselves.

For example, in the fourth chapter, Pushkin openly polemicizes with an imaginary critic who demands odic solemnity from writers in his works.

For Pushkin himself, the ode is a relic of the past. At the same time, the poet criticizes many of his contemporaries, who overdid it in tearfulness and imitation. Pushkin even shares with the reader the difficulties he encounters when writing a novel. Complains of difficulty in using foreign words.

In one of the last chapters of "Eugene Onegin" Pushkin in a lyrical digression even raises a patriotic theme. The poet confesses his sincere love for Russia.

Thus, one can be convinced that the role of lyrical digressions in the novel "Eugene Onegin" is great. According to Belinsky, they reflected the whole soul of the poet.