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Hyperbole in Literature. What is hyperbole is a special artistic device in literature: examples of sentences

Hyperbole in Literature. What is hyperbole is a special artistic device in literature: examples of sentences

04.05.2019

Hyperbole is an exaggeration. We meet with her, both in colloquial speech and in literature.

Hyperbole is designed to enhance the expressiveness of the statement in order to show its special significance.

This reception was highly favored by Mayakovsky.

Here's another example:

Hyperbole is used to create brightness in text and is mainly needed to give expressiveness to text. Hyperbole deliberately greatly exaggerates an idea or object that it looks beyond almost beyond the real. Hyperbole should be applied appropriately to the topic.

Hyperbole (in literature) is a kind of literary device, the meaning of which is a figurative exaggeration of a particular action as a whole. For example: I have already said this a thousand and one times, that is, there is an excessive exaggeration in this sentence, since a normal person will not repeat any word or expression a thousand times.

Hyperbole is a stylistic figure of explicit and intentional exaggeration, in order to enhance expressiveness and underline what was said.

Hyperbole is an exaggeration in a text. With the help of hyperbole, the author enhances the necessary impression, emphasizes what he glorifies or ridicules.

I to you a hundred times said!

Hyperbole, including in literature, is an exaggeration of some property or quality. For example, in the literature, there is such an expression as dark, at least gouge out your eyes. This is just hyperbole.

Hyperbole means exaggeration. This is the name of a literary device, the essence of which is the deliberate exaggeration of the qualities or properties of the described object or character in order to enhance the impression of the reader. For example, the famous Gogol rare bird will fly to the middle of the Dnieper - hyperbole. It is clear that any bird will fly to the middle of the Dnieper, but Gogol's technique emphasizes the greatness and power of the river.

I personally believe that the use of hyperbole in literature and especially literature for children is simply necessary. Otherwise it will be boring to read. And some works simply would not have been born. In many works, this is simply necessary to emphasize the strength and scale of actions.

Hyperbole can be called an exaggeration (to put it simply). Writers use this technique to express emotions more, to enhance the impression.

Example of hyperbole (exaggeration):

I've said this a million times already!

Very often you can find this technique in folk art (for example, in epics and fairy tales).

Under such a concept as hyperbole in the literature is meant an exaggeration of various kinds. Very many if not all works contain at least some exaggeration. An example of a hyperbole would be the following:

The dog was the size of a huge tower.

Hyperbole is an exaggeration. For example, Ilya Muromets, fighting with enemies, beat the entire enemy army. One person cannot do this. So the author used hyperbole. Hyperbole is used to interest the reader, to enhance the expressiveness of the text, to emphasize some details.

Word hyperbola came into Russian from Greek (hyperbole) and in the language of the source means an exaggeration. In linguistics term hyperbole called an excessive exaggeration of the properties and qualities of an object or phenomenon to create a vivid expressive image. For example: we have known each other for a hundred years, rivers of blood, I have been waiting for ages, I am always late, I have said it a hundred times, etc.

Examples of hyperbole from fiction:

Literary tropes are artistic devices, a word or an expression used by the author to enhance the expressiveness of the text and enhance the figurativeness of the language.

Tropes include , comparison , epithet , hyperbole, . This article will focus on hyperbole and its antonym - litote.

Wikipedia says that hyperbole is a word from the Greek language and means exaggeration. The first part of the word "hyper" is in many words with the meaning of exaggeration, excess: hypertension, hyperglycemia, hyperthyroidism, hyperfunction.

Hyperbole in literature is artistic exaggeration. In addition, the concept of a hyperbola exists in geometry, and there it denotes the locus of points.

This article will deal with hyperbole from a literary point of view. Its definition, how long it has been known, by whom and where it is used. It is found everywhere: in literary works, in oratory speeches, in everyday conversations.

Hyperbole in fiction

She has been known since ancient times. In ancient Russian epics, exaggeration is often found when describing heroes-heroes and their exploits:

Hyperboles are often found in fairy tales and folk songs: “this is mine, my heart is groaning, like the autumn forest is buzzing.”

The author of the old Russian story About Prince Vsevolod often uses hyperbole, he writes: “You can scatter the Volga with oars, and scoop out the Don with helmets” to show what a large squad he has. Here exaggeration is used for the sublime poetic characterization of the prince.

For the same purpose N. V. Gogol uses hyperbole for a poetic description of the Dnieper River: "a road, without measure in width, without end in length." “A rare bird will fly to the middle of the Dnieper.” “And there is no river. equal to him in the world.“

But more often Gogol uses it in his satirical works with irony and humor, ridiculing and exaggerating the shortcomings of his characters.

Hyperbole in the monologues of the heroes of Gogol's "Inspector":

Osip - "as if a whole regiment blew the trumpets."
Khlestakov - “... Thirty-five thousand one couriers”, “as I pass ... just an earthquake, everything is shaking and shaking”, “the State Council itself is afraid of me.”
Mayor - "I would wipe you all into flour!"

Often Gogol uses artistic exaggerations on the pages of his work Dead Souls.

“Countless, like the sands of the sea, human passions…”

Emotional and loud hyperbole in poetry V. Mayakovsky:

“In a hundred and forty suns, the sunset was blazing ...”
” Shine and no nails! Here is my slogan and the sun”

In verse A. Pushkin , S. Yesenina and many other poets use artistic exaggeration in describing events and scenery.

"No end in sight

Only blue sucks eyes.

S. Yesenin

In colloquial speech, exaggeration is used daily without hesitation. Especially often we resort to it in a state of passion, irritation, so that the interlocutor understands our feelings better.

"I've already called a hundred times, imagined a thousand troubles, almost died of anxiety,"

“I explain it to you twenty times, but you still do it wrong.”

"You're late again, again you've been waiting for an eternity."

Sometimes when declaring love:

“I love you like no one knows how to love, more than anyone in the world.”

Litota and its meaning

Antonym of hyperbole - litote, artistic understatement. In their colloquial speech, people constantly use both exaggeration and understatement.

You won't have time to blink an eye and life has flown by. When you wait, a second stretches for years. The waist is thin, thinner than a reed.

Hyperbole and litotes, along with other artistic devices, make Russian speech expressive, beautiful and emotional.

Don't Miss: Artistic Reception in Literature and the Russian Language.

Zoom in and out in fiction

Writers, creating the artistic text of their work, can realistically describe life without resorting to exaggeration or understatement of surrounding objects. But some authors underestimate or exaggerate not only words, but also objects of the surrounding world, creating a fantastic unreal world.

A striking example is Lewis Carroll's Alice in Wonderland. The heroine of the fairy tale finds herself in a world where she and all the heroes she meets change their sizes. Authors need such a technique to express their thoughts and views on some problems and suggest ways to eradicate them. You can remember Jonathan Swift's Gulliver in the Land of the Lilliputians.

Writers with a satirical, romantic and heroic orientation in their work often resort to fantasy. It is creative, original, invented by the author, but based on the real social and living conditions of the authors. The writer creates a fantastic work, but his situations resonate with real events.

When the social reality that gave rise to the creation of this fantastic work passes, the new generation no longer understands where such fantastic fictions came from.

Hyperbole and litotes make a literary text more expressive, helping to convey emotions more accurately. Without them, a creative work would be boring and faceless. Not only authors, but also ordinary people in everyday conversations cannot do without them, although they do not know their names, but simply emotionally express their feelings and thoughts.

Hyperbole (literature)

Hyperbola(_gr. ὑπερβολή, “transition, exaggeration”) - a stylistic figure of explicit and deliberate exaggeration, in order to enhance expressiveness and emphasize the thought said, for example, “I said this a thousand times” or “we have enough food for six months.”

Hyperbole is often combined with other stylistic devices, giving them the appropriate coloring: hyperbolic comparisons, metaphors, etc. (“the waves rose like mountains”). The character or situation depicted can also be hyperbolic. Hyperbole is also characteristic of the rhetorical, oratorical style, as a means of pathetic uplift, as well as the romantic style, where pathos is in contact with irony. Of the Russian authors, Gogol is especially prone to hyperbole, and of the poets, Mayakovsky.

Examples

Phraseological units and winged words

* sea of tears
* "fast as lightning", "lightning fast"
* "as numerous as the sand on the seashore"
* "We haven't seen each other for a hundred years!"
* "The (drunk) sea is knee-deep [and the puddle is up to his ears]"
* “Whoever remembers the old - that eye out! And who will forget, both!

Antique examples

Give me a foothold and I will move the Earth.

::::Archimedes (ancient Greek: Dos moipu sto, kai tan gan kinas.)

Hyperbolic Metaphors in the Gospel

* "Why do you look at the straw in your brother's eye, but do not notice the beam in your own eye?" (Gospel of Matthew 7:1-3). In this figurative picture, a critical person proposes to remove the straw from the "eye" of his neighbor. The critic wants to say that his neighbor does not see clearly and is therefore incapable of judging sensibly, while the critic himself is prevented from judging sensibly by a whole log.
* On another occasion, Jesus condemned the Pharisees for being “blind guides who strain out a gnat but swallow a camel” (Matthew 23:24). Also, Jesus knew that the Pharisees strained wine through cloth. These upholders of the rules did so in order not to accidentally swallow a mosquito and become ceremonially unclean because of it. At the same time, figuratively speaking, they were swallowing a camel, which was also considered unclean (Leviticus 11:4, 21-24).
* "Faith the size of a [tiny] mustard seed" that could move a mountain is a way of emphasizing that even a little faith can do a lot (Matthew 17:20).
* A camel trying to go through the eye of a needle is also a hyperbole of Jesus Christ, which clearly shows how difficult it is for a rich person, leading a materialistic lifestyle, to try to serve God. (Gospel of Matthew 19:24).

Classics of Marxism

What a lump, huh? What a hardened human being!

::::V.I.Lenin - "Leo Tolstoy as a mirror of the Russian revolution" (1908)::::V.I.Lenin - "Three sources and three components of Marxism" (July - November 1914)

Prose

... Ivan Nikiforovich, on the contrary, has trousers in such wide folds that if they were inflated, then the whole yard with a barn and buildings could be placed in them ...

::::N.Gogol - story "The Tale of how Ivan Ivanovich quarreled with Ivan Nikiforovich" (1835)

A million Cossack hats suddenly poured into the square...
For one hilt of my saber they give me the best herd and three thousand sheep.

::::N.Gogol - story "Taras Bulba" (1835)

And at that very moment, couriers, couriers, couriers ... can you imagine, thirty-five thousand couriers alone!

::::N.Gogol - comedy "Inspector General" (1851)

Poems, songs

And if I were a negro of advanced years,
and then without despondency and laziness,
I would learn Russian only for
what Lenin told them.

::::Vladimir Mayakovsky - poem "Vladimir Ilyich Lenin" (1925)

I would gnaw out bureaucracy like a wolf.
There is no respect for mandates ...

::::Vladimir Mayakovsky - "Poems about the Soviet passport" (1929)

I, friends, will go out to the bear without fear,
If I am with a friend, and the bear is without a friend.

::::Song from the movie "Secret to the whole world". Muses: V. Shainsky, lyrics by M. Tanich

About our meeting - what is there to say,
I was waiting for her, as they are waiting natural Disasters,
But you and I immediately began to live,
Without fear of detrimental consequences! "(2 times) "
…
What I asked for - I did in an instant,
To me each hour wanted to do wedding night,
Because of you I jumped under the train,
But, thank God, not entirely successful ... "(2 times)"
... And if you were waiting for me that year,
When I was sent to the "dacha" [ Country house- bunks (Criminal slang)] , -
I would steal everything for you firmament
And two Kremlin stars in addition! "(2 times) "
And I swear - the last one will be a bastard! -
Do not lie, do not drink - and I will forgive treason!
And I will give you Grand Theatre
AND small sports arena! "(2 times) "
But now I'm not ready for the meeting -
I'm afraid of you, I'm afraid of intimate nights,
Like the inhabitants of Japanese cities
Afraid of repetition Hiroshima. "(2 times) "

:::: Vladimir Vysotsky ,

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010 .

See what "Hyperbole (literature)" is in other dictionaries:

- (Greek υπερβολη) a stylistic figure of explicit and deliberate exaggeration, aimed at enhancing expressiveness, for example. "I've said it a thousand times." Hyperbole is often combined with other stylistic devices, giving them an appropriate ... ... Literary Encyclopedia

This term has other meanings, see Hyperbole. Hyperbole and its tricks ... Wikipedia

This term has other meanings, see Hyperbole. Hyperbole (from other Greek ὑπερβολή “transition; excess, excess; exaggeration”) is a stylistic figure of explicit and intentional exaggeration, in order to enhance expressiveness and ... ... Wikipedia

Hyperbola and its foci Hyperbola is the locus of points M of the Euclidean plane for which the absolute value of the difference in distances from M to two selected points F1 and F2 (called foci) is constant, that is | | F1M | − | F2M | | = C… … Wikipedia

Islamic Studies Sections History Early Islam Philosophy Early Modern Eschatology Theology Concept of God Tawhid Mysticism Jurisprudence ... Wikipedia

Hyperbole, along with colloquial speech, is also used in literature. Litota in literature is an artistic technique that is used both in poetry and in works of art by various authors. Hyperbole in literature has its opposite - litotes. Litota can also be used as a "weapon" against hyperbole and gigantism. For example, the offer of Bread in the house - not a crumb!

When using hyperbole in colloquial speech, the speaker tries to pay attention to some event or object. And exaggerating so much that in reality it turns out to be beyond the bounds of the possible.

We meet this method of artistic expressiveness in ancient times, in the works of oral folk art. This is hyperbole in its purest form. Everything that happens in our epics and fairy tales often takes on a hyperbolic appearance. A horse with a hero gallops "below a walking cloud, above a standing forest."

Litota in Russian

In simple terms, this is a beautiful expression, a turn of phrase, which at the same time softens words that have a “negative” color. With the help of litotes, you can express in a mild form your disagreement with the interlocutor.

Litota is especially often used in poetry. Litota is also often found in works of art. Basically, the litote is used by the author in an ironic context. Litota in Yesenin's poetry is rare. Increasingly, the poet uses luxurious metaphors. These litots in Yesenin's poems show the tragedy of the whole situation. Litota in psychology is the underestimation, downplaying or devaluation of the positive.

There is another feature of the use of litotes in an English literary text. If the litote in English is used in colloquial speech, then it conveys restraint, good breeding, and sometimes the irony of a person.

Hyperbole is a significant exaggeration of something for the sake of giving greater significance to any object or action. Imagine if there were no such stylistic figure as hyperbole, all the works of Russian writers and poets would lose their superiority and magnificence.

Litota in literature: the meaning of the word and examples of its use

For four years we have been preparing an escape, we have saved three tons of grubs ... ”- V. Vysotsky. Hyperbole is an exaggeration for the sake of special, artistic purposes. The poet resorts to it when it is necessary to make a particularly strong impression on the listener or reader. The people seem to admire their strength, and everything in their imagination grows to enormous proportions. Even in our everyday speech today, we often resort to this way of expression.

Hyperbole: what is it?

Yes! If all the tears, blood and sweat, Shed for everything that is stored here, From the depths of the earth all suddenly came out, That would be another flood - I would choke in my cellars of the faithful. Litota is an understatement of some object or phenomenon. The simplest litotes appear in the media. They represent the use of diminutive epithets.

Moreover, it can be both “mockery”, “sarcasm”, and “pity”, “tenderness”. The litote is also used to significantly soften some harsh expression. So, for example, the American ambassador, reacting to the fact that the House of Trade Unions was burned down in Odessa, said the following words: "The rebels show their discontent."

Creation of diminutive forms of words. For example, "pokemon", "kolobok", etc. Shifting the negation into the modal part of the sentence. So the litote is a deliberate understatement. It is important to correctly emphasize it. Almost no poet has bypassed this stylistic device. After all, litotes are a means of expression. There are even authors who build their works exclusively on litotes. Examples from the literature are very diverse.

Hyperbole usually takes place in a statement. In order to make the statement bright and expressive, by means of deliberate exaggeration, there is such a concept in the Russian language as hyperbole. Many variants of litots have already become idioms and phraseological units. It is in the Russian language today such expressions as “at hand”, “the sky is like a sheepskin”, “the cat cried”, etc. You should not think that figurative expressions are an invention of the classics of the 16-17th century. Both hyperbole and other stylistic devices have been known since ancient times.

The meaning of the word HYPERBOLE in the Literary Encyclopedia

HYPERBOLA

[Greek - ????????] - a stylistic figure of explicit and deliberate exaggeration, aimed at enhancing expressiveness, for example. "I've said it a thousand times." Hyperbole is often combined with other stylistic devices, giving them the appropriate coloring: hyperbolic comparisons, metaphors, etc. (“the waves rose like mountains”). The character or situation depicted can also be hyperbolic. G. is also characteristic of the rhetorical, oratorical style, as a means of pathetic rise, as well as

538 romantic style, where pathos comes into contact with irony. Of the Russian authors, Gogol is especially inclined to gogol, and of the latest poets, Mayakovsky (see Stylistics).

Literary encyclopedia. 2012