What paints need to be mixed to get black. Achromatic black - how to get it and is it possible

Thanks to modern technology, interior designers are becoming real wizards. In the blink of an eye, they will make any room stylish and original. Recently, more and more attention is paid to color design. The most popular are non-standard shades that can be obtained by mixing colors.

Process Basics

Manufacturers of paints and varnishes presented a fairly wide range on the market. But it is not always possible to choose what is ideal for the interior. Combining multiple shades will save time and money.

In many specialized stores, you can use the services of a specialist who will help you make the right color. But if you know the basic rules of how to mix dyes, you can do it at home with your own hands.

When mixing, you need to remember one important rule: you can not combine liquid products with a dry mixture. They have different indices, so the coloring composition may eventually curl up.

The most interesting part of the process is creating the desired shade. There are four primary colors:

• white;
• blue;
• red;
• green.

By mixing them, you can get any others. Here are illustrative examples:

1. Brown is obtained by combining red and green. For a lighter shade, you can add some white.
2. Orange is the result of mixing yellow and red.
3. If you need green, you need to combine yellow and blue paints.
4. To get purple, you need to mix blue and red.
5. Red and white will result in pink.

So you can mix ad infinitum.

Mixing acrylic materials

Designers love acrylic paints the most. They are very easy to work with, the finished coating has excellent water-repellent properties. Their use has several nuances:

1. The work surface must be perfectly flat and smooth. To do this, it needs to be sanded.
2. It is important that the paint does not dry out.
3. To get an opaque color use undiluted paint. Conversely, for transparency, you can add a little water.
4. To be able to slowly choose the right color, it is recommended to use. Thanks to him, the tool will not dry so quickly.
5. To distribute the paint, use the edge of the brush.
6. Mixing is best done with a clean instrument. In this case, the colors should be directed towards each other.
7. To make a light tone, you need to add a white dye to the solution, and to get a dark one - black. It is worth remembering that the palette of dark colors is much wider than light ones.

Here are some examples of mixing acrylic-based colorants:

1. Apricot color is obtained by mixing red, yellow, brown and white.
2. The recipe for making beige paint involves combining brown and white. If you need a bright beige, you can add a little yellow. For a light beige shade, you need more white.
3. Gold is the result of mixing yellow and red.
4. Ocher is yellow with brown. By the way, it is considered popular in the current season.
5. Khaki can be made by mixing green dye with brown.
6. Magenta requires three different colors: red, yellow, and blue.

Mixing oil paints

Oil-based paints are more fluid, which necessitates more thorough mixing of the compositions if mixing tones is performed. The specificity and properties of oil colors give the following advantages:

• the tone will be the most uniform, so the paint is perfect for decorating any surface;
• if desired, you can leave streaks in the paint, which will allow you to create unusual effects on a canvas or wall.

Oil stirring

Before work, it is important to evaluate whether it is possible to combine individual tones with each other, what will be the result. If you introduce a little glossy paint into a matte one, the result will be inexpressive. Adding a matte paint to a shiny one helps to make the latter a little more subdued.

It is possible by such methods:

1. Mechanical. In one dish, on the palette, different colors are combined by mechanical mixing. The saturation of the finished mass is adjusted by adding brighter or lighter shades.
2. Optic. This method is practiced only by professionals. Paints combine to obtain a new color when they are applied to the canvas, wall.
3. Color overlay. By layering strokes, a new tone is created.

Features of mixing paints

The mechanical method is the simplest, therefore it is recommended for beginners. When using color overlay, the result may differ from what was intended, which must be taken into account in advance. You can apply the glazing method - first apply a darker color, then lighten it with strokes of light paint. It is better to practice combining oil paints in their small portions, learn how to create original effects, and then start creating paintings or decorating the interior.

The working process

By mixing several different colors, you can get a large number of a wide variety of shades. What?

shades of gray

Quite often used in interior design. Help to create a shadow or unobtrusive color, as well as:

1. You can create regular gray by mixing black with white.
2. To create cold shades, you need to add a little green to gray, and for warm ones - ocher.
3. Grey-green is gray with white and green.
4. Gray-blue - gray, white and a little blue.
5. Dark gray is the result of mixing gray and black.

brown tones

To dye, you need to mix:

• green with red;
• red with blue and yellow;
• red with white, black and yellow.

How to create other original tones:

1. Mustard will turn out if you add red, green and black dyes to yellow paint.
2. Tobacco shade is red, green, yellow and white.
3. Golden brown is the result of combining yellow, red, green, white and blue. In this case, there should be more yellow pigment.

Red tones

1. The basis for the pink shade is considered to be white. Red is added to it. The brighter the desired shade, the more red should be added.
2. To get a rich chestnut, you need to mix red and black.
3. Bright red-orange color - red and a little yellow. The more of the latter, the paler the result will be.
4. You can give the dye a purple tint by mixing a few drops of bright blue and yellow colors and red pigment.
5. To create crimson, according to the recipe, you need to mix bright red + white + brown + blue. The more white, the pinker the shade.

Deep green is formed by combining yellow and blue tones. The saturation of the finished dye depends on the amount of each of them. To create shades, you need to add other colors to green:

1. For mint you need white.
2. To get an olive color, you need green and a few drops of yellow.
3. A shade of grass can be obtained by mixing green with blue. Yellow paint will help even out the color.
4. The color of the needles is the result of mixing green with black and yellow.
5. Gradually mixing green with white and yellow, you can make an emerald tone.

purple tones

Purple is made by mixing blue and red. You can also use blue and pink paints - the final color will be light, pastel. To darken the finished tone, artists use black paint, which is added in very small portions. Here are the nuances for creating shades of purple:

• for light purple, you can dilute the finished color with white in the right ratio;
• for magenta, you need to enter more red paint than blue.

Orange color

When creating a classic orange, they combine one part of yellow and red paint. But for many types of paint, you have to take more yellow, otherwise the color will turn out to be too dark. Here are the main shades of orange and how to get them:

• for light orange, take pink and yellow, you can also add a little white paint;
• coral requires dark orange, pink, white in equal proportions;
• peach needs colors such as orange, yellow, pink, white;
• for red, you need to take dark orange and a little brown.

Important Rule

Many people ask the question: is it possible to mix paints and varnishes from different manufacturers? It is desirable that the dyes to be mixed be made by the same company. It's even better if they are from the same batch. Mixing dyes from different companies is not recommended. Often they have different properties, such as density, brightness, etc. Because of this, the finished coating may curl.

If there is a desire to take a chance, you can combine a little bit of one and the other paint and apply the resulting solution to the surface. If it thickens or clumps, the experiment is not a success.

Computer help

You can mix several colors correctly using special computer programs. They help to see the final result and determine in percentage terms how much of one or another tone needs to be added. Such programs will help you figure out what shade can be obtained from the funds that are available. They consist of several elements:

1. A button that removes tones from a set.
2. Color names.
3. Lines of input or output to or from a calculation.
4. samples.
5. A button that introduces colors into the set.
6. Result windows.
7. New selection window and list.
8. The composition of the finished dye as a percentage.

Mixing several different colors is a fairly common technique among designers. Unusual shades will help to advantageously decorate the interior, make it original or even unique. You can mix dyes even at home. There are many recipes for creating a particular shade. For example, to get beige, you need to combine white and brown, and for pink, white and red.

It is recommended to always have a thinner on hand to prevent the paint from drying too quickly. Do not mix products from different manufacturers, because the result will be a poor-quality coating. To find out the final result of mixing, you can use a special computer program.

It is extremely individual and depends on how the human eye perceives the rays reflected from various surfaces. There are surfaces that do not reflect rays, but absorb them. When they are absorbed, a person sees. That is why black is called a "dead" color or "lack of color."

Therefore, the answer to the question of how to get black from paints will be the following: real black cannot be obtained by mixing any other shades of the spectrum. However, it is possible to create very dark shades that, in contrast to others, give the impression of black. To find out what paints need to be mixed to get black, you should turn to the theory of art and the psychology of color perception.

Color models and color synthesis

There are two models of color synthesis, that is, obtaining new colors and shades.

Additive - a model for obtaining color, based on the addition and superposition of rays reflected from the surfaces of objects. This model is used in monitors and screens, its main color range is RGB. Additive color synthesis is based on three main lights: red, green and blue. By superimposing and mixing these rays, all other shades are formed, except for black. In this model, black is considered to be the complete absence of reflection.

Subtractive - a model based on a mixture of physical pigments and paints. It considers white to be the absence of color. And black is obtained by mixing all the basic shades. So what colors do you need to mix to get black? In the subtractive model, the primary (or primary) hues are magenta, cyan, and yellow.

Subtractive mixing method

Compared to additive color synthesis, the subtractive model produces fewer shades. In addition, the theoretical or mathematical model of subtractive synthesis is fundamentally different from what is obtained in practice. For example, theoretically mixing three primary colors should result in black. However, in practice, this color comes out very dark brown.

The subtractive method is used in printing and polygraphy, where it is very important to achieve true black. In order to get it, a “key” is added to the three primary colors. It is from here that the name of the main range of the subtractive model is CMYK, where C is cyan (cyan, in Russian it is called blue or greenish blue), M is magenta (a shade of purple), Y is yellow (yellow), and K is key color (key color). In this range, natural black is key. Asking how to get black from the colors of the chromatic spectrum, the printers realized that no shade obtained could replace natural black.

Three primary colors

According to the theory of art by Johannes Itten, there are three primary colors, when mixed, all other colors of the spectrum are obtained. Itten singled out red, yellow and blue as the main ones. Subsequent theories determined that the ideal primary colors were purple (magenta), cyan (cyan), and yellow. It is they who are called primary - colors that reflect a larger spectrum and which cannot be obtained by combining other shades.

In fact, red and blue are not primary. They absorb more light than they reflect, but despite this, they are still often referred to as primary colors and are used to create the rest of the color wheel.

Note: White and black are not included in the spectrum and are called achromatic. How to get black from paints has always varied and depended on many theories that currently exist.

pure colors

According to the early theory, the pure colors were red, blue, yellow and green. It was believed that they could not be obtained by mixing other shades. Later, with the development of technology, it turned out that the three primary colors that cannot be obtained are magenta, cyan and yellow.

Modern color theory distinguishes three primary, three secondary chromatic and one achromatic - black. What colors to mix to get black varies. Everything works in comparison, from mixing primary hues to mixing red, blue and yellow, or even red and green.

The secondary colors are green, blue and red. Green is obtained by mixing yellow with greenish-blue. Magenta and cyan make blue. And by mixing purple with yellow, you can get red.

In theory, the question of how to get black from paints is solved by mixing the three primary colors in their ideal shades. These are cyan, magenta and yellow. However, it is practically impossible to get the perfect black by combining others. In typography and painting, natural black is used.

natural black

Black is actually the absence of color. The more light rays the surface of an object absorbs, the darker it appears. In nature, there is no absolute black color, but the darkest carbon Vantablack is as close as possible to one hundred percent absorption of light, it reflects only 0.035% of the rays.

The main natural pigments from which black paint is made are carbons. Among them, the main ones are graphite and soot. Artists at the dawn of painting thought about what paints should be mixed to get black, and came to the conclusion that black cannot be achieved. During the High Renaissance, painters mined black from burnt bone. It was the darkest available during the Renaissance.

Prepare red, blue and yellow paint. Pure black is the darkest, but different black depths can be achieved by mixing other inks. In this case, the resulting black color will be influenced by the specific shades of red, blue and yellow paints used. Use your choice of oil, acrylic or watercolor paints.

• The use of cobalt yellow, madder rose and cobalt blue will create a soft black, while the combination of cadmium yellow, alizarin red and royal blue will give you a rich black.
• If you only have a basic set of paints, any shades of red, blue and yellow will do. Fairly common shades of red and blue are purple and cyan.

Mixing colors is one of the most difficult procedures that a person who decides to make repairs on his own may face. The fact is that it is very important to know which colors to mix to create a certain tone. It should be noted right away that it is better to purchase white paint and tint it in the store using a special machine, so the tone will be uniform. If you decide to do everything yourself, then you can find out how to mix colors correctly.

These materials are universal, they are used for many purposes: with their help, you can simply paint the walls, paint stained-glass windows, apply a picture on the wall and ceiling. In general, the scope of their use is limited to fantasy. The compositions are easy to use, well kept on the surface. But if you decide to paint a multi-component image on the wall, then buying paint in all the necessary colors will be too expensive, and after completion of the work there will be a large amount of unnecessary material. In this case, it is better to buy a base series, and to create certain shades, mix acrylic paints.

Basic color range

Everyone has known since school: when you combine yellow and red, you get orange, but if you add blue to the same yellow, you get green. It is on this principle that the table for mixing acrylic paints is built. According to her, it is enough to purchase only the main colors:

• white;
• black;
• red;
• brown;
• blue;
• yellow;
• pink.

You can simply mix acrylic paints in these tones to get most of the existing shades.

Table Blending Basics

To properly mix materials, you can not do without a table. At first glance, working with it is easy: to get the desired result, just find the color and see what components are required. But the proportions are not indicated in the color mixing table, so it is necessary to gradually add tinting material to the main paint and apply the mixture to some unnecessary product: a sheet of plywood, drywall, and so on. Then you need to wait until the material dries. If the color matches the required, you can start working on the main surface.

Tinting technique

Now about how to get colors. By mixing acrylic materials, two main tones can be achieved: light and dark. Basic tones: earthy, green, orange, purple. To create a color, it is recommended to follow certain rules:

1. Light. In this case, titanium white is the main material, to which one or two tinting compositions are added. The less additional paintwork is used, the lighter the tone will come out. So you can make most shades of a light palette.
2. Dark. To form shades of this type, the opposite should be done. Before mixing colors, it is necessary to prepare the base tone, black dye is gradually introduced into the base. When working with black paint, you need to be careful, because it can make the color not dark, but dirty.
3. Green. This shade is not in the main palette, so you will need to mix yellow and blue. The exact ratio can only be known empirically.
4. Violet. This is a cool color that is obtained by mixing blue with pink or red. In some cases, you will also need to add black to darken the material.
5. Orange. To create this color, you need to mix red and yellow. For a more saturated orange, it is recommended to add more red and vice versa. If you want to create a soft color, for example, coral, then you need to lighten the material with white. Can dark colors be added? Yes, you can, but as a result of mixing paints, a dirty tone may result.
6. Earthy. Brown is the main color here. By adding various shades to it, they get a color from beige to dark wood.

Palette Rules

To get started, you will need a basic set of paints, brushes, a container of water and a palette (you can take any surface, including school supplies for drawing).

It is recommended to place white in the center, as they are used in creating most shades. Dyes of the main color range are placed in the recesses around (if any). You need to mix carefully, gradually adding tinting material and constantly checking the result. After mixing the colors, the brush should be rinsed in a container of water.

On a note! It is quite easy to work with acrylic resin materials using a table and a palette. The main thing is to practice more, each time the result will get better.

Oil paints

If you compare this material with watercolor or acrylic, then the oil is more fluid. Because of this, you need to mix the compositions of different colors very carefully. On the one hand, this is a disadvantage, but on the other hand, this feature allows you to get the following effects:

• Subject to thorough mixing, a uniform tone will be obtained. Such material is perfect for both full coloring of surfaces, and for partial decoration.
• If mixed partially, then multi-tone streaks will appear on the coating.

Mixing

Now about how to mix oil paints. A table is also used to mix oil-based paint colors. It indicates the colors obtained by combining various tinting components. In addition, here you can find such an indicator as a combination of brilliance. If you add a little gloss to a matte base, then there will be practically no result, and if you do the opposite, then the shine will be slightly muted.

Mixing methods:

1. Mechanical. In this case, we are talking about mixing two or more materials of different colors in one container. Color saturation is controlled by the number of compositions of bright shades. The desired color is created even before the wall or ceiling is processed.
2. Color overlay. Gradual application of several strokes on top of each other.
3. Optic. This is the most complex method, which is available only to specialists. It involves mixing glossy and matte bases while applying paint to the surface. You can mix the colors of paints only on the treated surface, otherwise you will get a more even tone.

Peculiarities

The first method fully corresponds to the data in the table. If we are talking about color overlay, then the result is unpredictable. One of the simplest options for optical illusions is glazing: a dark tone is applied to the surface, after it dries, a slightly lighter paint is applied, and then completely light. As a result, each color will be visible through the upper layers.

Thus, there is no definite scheme. To find out which colors to mix, it is not enough just to take and look at the table, it is important to constantly practice and not be afraid of experiments. So you can create a new effect that will make the interior unique. It is also important to remember that a mixed shade is very difficult to repeat, so you should remember the proportions.

Now the question of how to properly mix paints does not seem so difficult.

Today, it is almost impossible to imagine repairs without the use of paint. It is used not only for painting windows (as it used to be), but also for painting putty walls, painting wallpaper, concrete, facades, roofs, furniture and other surfaces. But what to do if you need to get a black color, because the paint is originally white?

Today, it is almost impossible to imagine repairs without the use of paint. It is used not only for painting windows (as it used to be), but also for painting putty walls, painting wallpaper, concrete, facades, roofs, furniture and other surfaces. But what if you need to get black color, paint is it originally white? It is really very difficult to choose the desired color, because it is not always possible to get the desired shade. All paints, whichever you choose, initially have a white or snow-white color, special tinting materials are used to give them the desired color.

Is it possible to tint the paint yourself?

As a rule, when buying paint, a special tinting machine gives the desired color, but if you do not need to match the shade to already painted walls or under the ceiling, then it is quite possible to get the black color yourself.

Please note that when applying paint over large vertical areas, the color will look somewhat richer.

What colors should you choose?

If you need to get perfect black color, paint should be snow-white, as it has the least unwanted pigment that can interfere with obtaining the desired shade. When buying a color scheme, the manufacturer should be taken into account. So, if you chose Optimist paint, the dye for tinting should also be from this series.

How much color should be added to get black?

Getting the desired shade of black is a delicate matter, even one drop can change the color, make it darker, more saturated. Lightening it back will be much more difficult. Therefore, do not rush, do everything gradually, applying drops. Stock up on small jars. Pour 100 ml of paint into a small bowl and add a few drops of color to it, be sure to write down the ratio. Initially add about 3 drops of color (in this case the color will be pale and desaturated), to achieve darker, brighter shades, continue to add drop by drop. When the color in the jar is about the same as it should be, paint a section of the wall and leave it until the paint is completely dry. Remember that on the wall, the black color you made will be somewhat brighter. It is necessary to evaluate the resulting color in daylight and in electric light.

If the resulting shade satisfies all your wishes, tint all the paint in the proportion that you used when tinting the paint in the jar. If you plan to paint large areas, then subtract 20% of the color as it will look brighter than a small test area.

If, however, the resulting color seemed somewhat pale or not black enough, add a few more drops of black color to the paint. Do this until the resulting color completely satisfies you. Do not be too picky about this work, treat it as entertainment, and then you will definitely succeed. If suddenly you accidentally poured more color, you can lighten it by using special additional materials.

It is easier to choose the black color of the paint and its shade if you use the Optimist-Elite color fan, as well as the tinting paste of this series. The ratio of paste per 1 kg of material is indicated on the fan or in the instructions for the paste.