They cannot come to a consensus, which cartoon was the very first in the world? Three cartoons at once can claim the palm. These are Phantasmagoria by Emile Cohl, as well as The Humorous Phases of Funny Faces and The Haunted Hotel by James Stuart Blackton. Even before 1900, J. Stuart Blackton, together with Thomas Edison, made "moving drawings" and shot them on film, thereby combining film technique with graphics. The resulting film was called Humorous Phases of Funny Faces and was presented to the French public on April 6, 1906.
Using the same dynamic animation technique, in 1907 Blackton created another film, The Haunted Hotel. But in our understanding, these cartoons were still very imperfect, and only demonstrated some of the possibilities of the animation technique, which was then called the "American Movement".
Later, the French cartoonist Emile Cohl used these possibilities in the cartoon "Phantasmagoria", shown by the Gaumont company in August 1908. Although Phantasmagoria lasts only a minute and a half, many experts consider it to be the first full-fledged cartoon in the world. It was drawn on white paper and shot in negative, with light lines on a dark background creating an unusual effect.
The first cartoons of Russia and the USSR
By the way, the very first cartoon in Russia was filmed in 1912, and the first Soviet cartoon came out in 1924. It was called "Soviet Toys" and, of course, promoted the Soviet system.
It was released in 1928 and was called Plane Crazy. Disney's very first feature-length cartoon, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (original title: Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs), premiered on December 21, 1937. It was a cinematic sensation. In the same year, for his first cartoon, Walt Disney received one full and seven small (according to the number of gnomes) Oscar figurines. Since February 4, 1938, this cartoon has been widely released and to this day occupies a high place among the best animated films.
There is not a single Russian person who would not have watched Soviet cartoons at one time. With what trepidation I empathized with the Hare, who was hunted by the insidious, but such a naive Wolf! What about Sadalsky's voice? The plasticine cartoon “Last Year's Snow Was Falling” and its charismatic hero, who does not pronounce “some letters and numbers”, are incomparable. I still enjoy watching it to this day.
Soviet animation legally went down in history. Not just because it was, but quite deservedly: the masterpieces of domestic directors and artists are still admired by the whole world, they are set as an example for young talents, and shown to the younger generation. In modern terms, Soviet cartoons have not lost their relevance, and the pictures created at that time are happily watched by the kids of this century.
Classic never goes out of style - everyone has heard this phrase. Well, at least the majority. Soviet animation has become the very classic that people look up to. Kind, bright characters who instill humanity, sincerity from an early age, introduce the concepts of "good" and "bad", very quickly pressed the gurus of that time in the field of animation - the heroes of the Walt Disney studio on the world stage.
Predecessor beetles
For the first time, a domestic cartoon saw the light of day in 1906. There were still more than ten years before the revolution, life went on as usual, and the West had not yet heard of Disney heroes. The simplest composition of a dozen figurines-pupas that danced against the backdrop of static scenery was not created by an artist, much less a director. Its author was the choreographer, who served at that time in the Mariinsky Theater - Alexander Shiryaev. While in London, he bought a Biokam camera, upon arrival at home he asked for permission to shoot ballerinas, but the Directorate of the Imperial Theaters not only refused, but also forbade such attempts in the future. That is why his cartoon was filmed on 17.5 mm film, on which Shiryaev worked for three whole months. Moreover, the work was incredible - during this period, the author literally wiped a hole in the parquet, while running from the scenery to the camera and in the opposite direction. Both this and several more Shiryaev's cartoons were discovered in 2009, but modern animation masters cannot unravel the secrets of the choreographer in any way: the characters of his cartoons did not just walk on the "ground", they also jumped, and flew, and circled in the air! But the most interesting thing is that Alexander Shiryaev did not even think about creating some new kind of art. He tried to reproduce the movement of a person, choreography, and therefore approached the entire shooting process very seriously: in order to shoot a short cartoon ballet "Pierrot and Columbine", Shiryaev needed more than 7.5 thousand drawings, and for the animated ballet "Harlequin's Joke" you can even restore variations of past ballets, everything was filmed so accurately and scrupulously.
In 1910, a documentary animated film about stag beetles was filmed. Its creator, Vladislav Starevich, is a biologist by training. Once intending to show the general public the battle of two stag males for a female, he ran into an unexpected difficulty: when the necessary lighting was organized, the beetles became lethargic and inactive, and were not going to not only fight, but simply move. Starevich found a way out, not the most humane, but, apparently, he did not see another. And who will take care of saving the life of an insect? The beetles were dissected, the thinnest wires were attached to their paws, all this obscenity was stuck to the body on wax, and Starevich shot everything he needed, frame by frame. The same technique was used by him in the animated parody film “The Beautiful Lucanida, or the War of the Mustachioed with the Stags”, filmed in 1912. Starevich ridiculed in his picture the dominance of pseudo-historical scenes from the life of the aristocracy. Until the mid-20s, the film was an incredible success, because the technique of time-lapse photography was not yet widespread (in fact, it was not even really known), and the audience was genuinely amazed at the incredible things that the director managed to achieve from insects ... training! Before the revolution, Starevich made several more films in the same technique, and after that he emigrated to Italy with his family. As a result, in the early Soviet space, animation was paralyzed - there was no time for it in a country that was choking with blood.
However, the new direction recovered from the blow, and already in 1924-1925, Soviet animation was born. It was for its development that Kultkino appeared in Moscow. Quite quickly, talented people gathered there who sincerely wanted to develop this type of cinematography. A team of animators in just a year released as many as five cartoons, including “The Story of a Disappointment” (Boris Savinkov), “Soviet Toys” (dir. D. Vertov, animation by A. Bushkin and A. Ivanov), “German Affairs and deeds” (Boris Savinkov). Of course, all the pictures were political - no one canceled propaganda; and it could not have been otherwise, because in the Soviet space it was propaganda that “ruled the ball”. Another circumstance that should be noted is that the technique that was at the disposal of Kultkino and used by the masters to create cartoons was many times different from that used by Walt Disney by that time. His equipment was much more modern and convenient, and therefore Disney cartoons were created faster and easier.
But the hand of the Soviet leadership did not hang over Disney, and he could work calmly, without being distracted by propaganda. Kultkino had a different task: to release a large number of propaganda cartoons as soon as possible. The artists fulfilled the requirements of the management with honor, but in order to invest in the schedule set by them, the masters had to significantly simplify the technology for creating animated films. Now they used flat puppets - if desired, any child can try to create a cartoon using this technique without leaving home. The principle is simple: the future cartoon character is drawn on cardboard or thick paper, and cut out so that the joints are not solid - they were later fastened with hinges. The shooting process required scenery: the puppet was placed either directly on it or on the glass of the filming table, behind which the directors placed a panoramic image or a simple painted background.
It should be noted that before the Soviet multipliers there was not a single example of how the technology could be improved. Maybe Walt Disney cartoons would have been useful to them, but the fact is that they simply did not exist on the territory of Soviet Russia - and the masters had to figure out every little thing that seems obvious with their own minds. There is something to be proud of - the whole thorny road from bugs on a wire to cartoons was passed independently, each achievement was washed with sweat and blood, and no one can blame domestic animators for plagiarism.
Imagine how much time the artists spent in the studio, if already in 1925 they created the first hand-drawn cartoon! In fairness, I’ll say that it was not of the best quality - the performance, directing, and the idea itself were lame (another political propaganda, and that says it all). But "China on Fire", more like a pamphlet, nevertheless marked with its appearance an incredible breakthrough in the history of Soviet animation.
The first cartoon in the modern interpretation of this word, that is, an animated picture made for children, appeared in 1927 and was called “Senka the African”. The tales of Korney Ivanovich Chukovsky were taken as the basis for its creation. His own work, in the same 1927, was again drawn into a cartoon, and “Cockroach” was born. But these were all flowers - the berries were just beginning to ripen.
The birth of a colossus
In 1934, at the Moscow Film Festival, domestic figures got acquainted with short cartoons about Mickey Mouse. At that time, Fedor Khitruk was not a director, but a simple animator, and later shared his impressions of what he saw. He was fascinated by the fluidity that was present in the transition of shots, and amazed by the scope and perspectives that open up for animation when using technology like Disney. That is why the first works of the legendary Soyuzmultfilm, conceived in 1935, were aimed not so much at the delight of the public as at getting to know Western progress and mastering its achievements.
All studio trifles, ready to work for the benefit of domestic animation, merged into one colossus, “born” on June 10, 1936. Initially, the studio was called "Soyuzdetmultfilm", and only in the 37th it was renamed, taking the name familiar to our ears. The order to create a film studio for animated films was signed by the head of the Main Directorate of the USSR Film and Photo Industry, but, according to unconfirmed reports, this very order came directly from Joseph Vissarionovich.
"Soyuzmultfilm" chose not to improve the mechanical movements of the character, but to create his artistic and psychological image. A good example: two Winnie the Pooh, ours and Disney's. The storyline echoes, the characters almost completely coincide, but how alive the Soviet bear turned out to be! The cartoon was taken away into quotes, and adults still sing songs from it, not to mention children! When Khitruk's picture came out, a kind of poll was conducted in favor of Soviet or Disney cartoons. So, even Wolfgang Reiterman, the director of the Disney film studio, admitted that our Winnie the Pooh is much better!
The war interrupted the studio's creative process. Soyuzmultfilm was evacuated to Samarkand, where, instead of children's pictures, they filmed instructions for soldiers. The lack of funds and forces unsettled him, but he recovered: already in 1946, thanks to the same propaganda, ideological campaigns and the selfless work of artists, Soyuzmultfilm stopped borrowing techniques from the Western multi-industry: domestic creativity manifests its own, original character.
What is only the famous Soviet Carlson worth, a man in the prime of his life, drawing brilliant pictures and adoring jam and fresh buns, a true friend and irreplaceable comrade in children's games! Soviet children got acquainted with his cartoon incarnation in 1968. In 1970, the second part, “Carlson is back,” was released. The completion of the trilogy was also planned, but, apparently, the stars did not converge in the right way, and the project could not be realized.
"Guys let's be friends!" - the good cat Leopold did not seek to eat the unlucky pests that interfered with his life with enviable regularity. The kids learned about him in 1975 - at the Creative Association "Ekran" the shooting of the animated series about Leopold and hooligan mice started, which lasted until 1987. True, as my good friend used to say, the first two episodes were filmed “on the boot of a murdered comrade” - “Ekran” did not yet have its own workshop, so they were not drawn, but created using the shifting technique.
The world-famous lover of oranges, and the crocodile, in dire need of friends, met people in 1969, when Eduard Uspensky's book was filmed. Let at least someone try to convince me that the Soviet Cheburashka has “lost its relevance”, or is not interesting for modern children! In the same year, another masterpiece comes out, “Well, wait a minute!”. A few years ago, I accidentally saw a TV program in which Vyacheslav Kotenochkin talked about his brainchild and shared letters sent by cartoon fans. According to the director, one day he received a letter - one sheet on which a single phrase was written: “Well, Kotyonochkin, wait a minute!”. For some reason, I remember it, like the cartoon itself. In the 90s, as a little girl, I would sedately sit in front of the TV and beg my mother to rewind the cassette to the beginning again. By the way, “Well, wait a minute!” - state order. This our leadership decided to give an answer to the Disney animated series, in honor of which a rather large budget was allocated. "Soyuzmultfilm" was not limited in anything: the only sounded wish was to do something funny. Time has shown that the request was fulfilled, and the multi-part cartoon itself turned into an immortal creation.
It is impossible to list them all. Last year marks exactly 80 years since the foundation of Soyuzmultfilm, and during this time more than one and a half thousand cartoons were filmed within its walls! Many of the film studio's works have been included in the "Golden Fund" of world animated classics, and more than 400 international prizes and awards from various festivals show that the whole world fell in love with Soviet cartoons.
The Soviet Union did not spare money on cinema, including children's animation. Filming was financed from the country's budget, and, since this type of art was the most loved and accessible, they sought to give the population an aesthetic and ideological education with its help.
But alas, every fairy tale ends sooner or later. The golden era of Soviet animation has also ended: since the 90s, very difficult times have come for it. In order to at least somehow reinforce its existence, Soyuzmultfilm was forced to sell the rights to most of the Soviet classics to foreign buyers, and only in the 2000s, with government assistance, these same rights were returned.
The studio began to breathe a little. Management has changed, new employees have taken the place of the departed. Slowly, Soyuzmultfilm began to return to its usual (and frantic - for me) rhythm. New cartoons continue the glorious tradition of their predecessors, collecting awards at international festivals, and the shooting of the next masterpieces, now Russian animation, is underway.
Cartoons, both Russian and foreign, are adored by people of all ages, not just children. But we don’t think much about how the cartoon appeared, who invented it, what was the first cartoon created in Russia, and more. If you already want to choose an interesting cartoon story for you or your child, enjoy a fabulous storyline and just relax, then this can be done on the portal, which presents a huge selection of cartoons.
The history of Russian animation is very rich and can be divided into several main periods. In any case, the largest period falls on the Soviet era, when the creators were mainly Soyuzmultfilm and Ekran.
Alexander Shiryaev became the first animator in Russia, this happened in 1960. It is he who is the father of the first puppet cartoon, where the story tells about twelve dancing small figures, while the scenery of the picture remained unchanged and motionless. The unique first cartoon was filmed on 15.5 mm film, the author spent three months to release it.
Graphic animation was born between 1924 and 1925. During this period of time, the Kultkino studio, together with a small staff, were able to show the country a huge range of animated pictures, which includes such works as "The Story of a Disappointment", "Humoresques", "The Incident in Tokyo", "German Affairs and Deeds" and much more. other. At this time, the first technologies appear that help speed up the process of creating cartoons.
Back in 1934, the famous corporation from the United States of America, Walt Disney, sends a roll of film to the Moscow Film Festival. On this tape was everyone's favorite cartoon with Mickey Mouse. Fyodor Khitruk talks about the moment when he saw how quickly the staff was changing, amazing, such new opportunities were closed to the Russians. Based on this interest, the famous Soyuzmultfilm studio appeared in 1935, whose employees anxiously studied Western technologies and capabilities.
But only in 1952, Soviet animators and directors were able to create a complete analogue of Disney's multi-angle camera. In 1953, the cartoon "Naughty Kitten", Kashtanka, was released. All these cartoons carried both artistic and educational value. This period was marked by a large number of masterpieces, one of which is The Snow Queen.
If we talk about the seventies, then such studios as the Screen Studio, the Sverdlovsk Film Studio and many other regional studios were engaged in the adaptation of animated films. The most famous at that time was the film "Polygon", the author is Anatoly Petrov. In the eighties, the first film was released that was completely drawn - this is "The Secret of the Third Planet".
Today in Russia there are three of the largest and most significant studios: Pilot, Melnitsa and Master-Film Film Company. In 2006, Soyuzmultfilm began to regain one of the leading positions again.
Well, who doesn't love cartoons? Now the industry has developed to such an extent that cartoons have such special effects and graphics that it is sometimes difficult to remember the old “flat” films with poor quality drawing, without all kinds of effects, such as 3D. Modern children will never understand what a cartoon with plasticine characters about a crow with cheese means, what simple short cartoons with faded colors and slightly muffled voices of heroes mean, and there’s nothing to say about filmstrips!
The history of animation is another stage in the development of cinema, because from the very beginning, cartoons were considered a separate film genre. This happened despite the fact that cartoons have less in common with cinema than with painting.
We owe cartoons to Joseph Plateau
Like any other history, the history of animation and animation has had its ups and downs, shifts and long stagnations. However, it is interesting because the production of cartoons has been developing almost constantly and continues to do so until now. The history of the emergence of animation is connected with the estate of the Belgian scientist Joseph Plateau. He is known for creating a toy called a strobe light in 1832. It is unlikely that our children would play with such a toy in the modern world, but the children of the 19th century liked such entertainment. A drawing was applied to a flat disk, for example, a running horse (as was the case with Plateau), and the next one was slightly different from the previous one, that is, the drawings depicted the sequence of actions of the animal during the jump. When the disc was spinning, it gave the impression of a moving picture.
First multiplier
But no matter how hard Joseph Plato tried to improve his installation, he failed to create a full-fledged cartoon. He gave way to the Frenchman Émile Reynaud, who created a similar apparatus called the praxinoscope, which consisted of a cylinder with the same step-by-step drawings applied to it as in a stroboscope.
Thus began the history of animation. Already at the end of the 17th century, the Frenchman founded a small optical theater, where he showed everyone who wanted comic performances 15 minutes long. Over time, the installation changed, a system of mirrors and lighting was added, which, of course, brought the world closer to such a magical action as a cartoon.
Animation for the first decades of its life continued to develop in France along with theater and cinema. Emil Kohl was famous for his excellent acting performances, but still, the animation hooked him more, and in 1908 he "drew" his first cartoon. To achieve realism, Kohl used photographs and copied objects from life, but still his brainchild was more like a comic book in motion than a film.
Ballet master of the theater - the founder of animation in Russia
As for Russian figures in the field of animation, they took cartoons to a new level, now dolls played the role of heroes. So in 1906 the first domestic cartoon was created, from which the history of animation in Russia began. choreographer of the Mariinsky Theatre, edited the cartoon, the characters of which were 12 dancing puppets.
A short film, recorded on 1.5 cm wide film, turned out to be too laborious work. For three months, Alexander ran from the camera to the production itself so often that he even wiped a hole in the floor. Shiryaev's dolls do not just move above the surface, like ghosts, they, like living ones, jump, spin in the air and perform incredible movements. Famous historians and animators still cannot unravel the secret of such activity of the characters. Say what you like, but the history of domestic animation is a complex and serious matter, so even the most advanced specialists do not always manage to fully understand the principles of operation of a particular device.
Vladislav Starevich - a bright "character" of Russian animation
The history of the creation of animation is associated with the names of French scientists and directors. Vladislav Starevich was definitely a "white crow" among these foreigners, because in 1912 he came up with a real 3D cartoon! No, the history of Russian animation has not yet reached the point where people thought of putting on special glasses, this man created a long puppet cartoon. It was black and white, strange and even scary, because it was a bit difficult to make beautiful characters with your own hands.
This cartoon was called “The Beautiful Lucanida, or the War of the Hornets and Mustaches”, the most interesting thing is that Vladislav Starevich used insects in his work, which was not accidental, because he was very fond of these creatures. It was from this person that cartoons with meaning began, because Starevich believed that the film should not only entertain, but also have some kind of subtext. And in general, his films were conceived as some teaching aids in biology about insects, the animator himself did not imagine that he would create a real work of art.
Starevich did not stop at Lukanida alone, later he created cartoons based on fables, now they began to resemble some kind of fairy tales.
The history of Soviet animation began in 1924, when a few artists produced a huge number of hand-drawn cartoons at the unpopular Kultkino studio today. Among them were "German Affairs and Deeds", "Soviet Toys", "A Case in Tokyo" and others. The speed of creating one cartoon has increased significantly, if earlier animators worked on one project for months, now the period has been reduced to 3 weeks (more in rare cases). This was done thanks to a breakthrough in the field of technology. Artists already had flat templates, which saved time and made the process of creating a cartoon less laborious. The animation of that time gave the world a huge number of cartoons that are of great importance not only in Russia, but throughout the world.
Alexander Ptushko
This person also contributed to the development of our animation. He is an architect by training and has also worked in the field of mechanical engineering. But when he got to Mosfilm, he realized that the creation of puppet cartoons was his calling. There he was able to bring to life his architectural skills, and also helped to create a good technical base at the most famous film studio in Russia.
He became especially famous after the creation of the cartoon "New Gulliver" in 1935. No, this is not an overlay of text on the plot, this is a kind of redrawing of Gulliver's Travels in the manner of the USSR. And what is most important and new in Ptushko's work is that he was able to combine two completely different areas in the film industry: cartoon and acting. Now the emotions of dolls, mass character, activity appear in cartoons, the work done by the master becomes obvious. The history of animation for children with kind and beautiful characters begins its countdown precisely from Ptushko.
Soon he becomes the director of the new cartoon studio Soyuzdetmultfilm, but for some reason he leaves his post after a while, then only that it ended is known about his animation activity. Alexander decided to devote himself to films. But in his further film works, he used the "chips" of animation.
Walt Disney and his "donation"
It turns out that the history of animation in Russia was built and pieced together not only by Russian researchers, scientists and just cartoon lovers, Walt Disney himself presented the Moscow Film Festival with a whole reel of high-quality film with a cartoon drawn by everyone favorite about the good old Mickey Mouse. Our domestic director was so impressed by the smooth and imperceptible change of frames and the quality of drawing that he realized that we wanted the same! However, in Russia so far there have been only puppet shows with, to put it mildly, unpresentable toys. In connection with the desire for improvement, a studio known to all Soviet and post-Soviet children, Soyuzmultfilm, was created.
"Soyuzmultfilm" - corporation of nostalgia
In 1935, our animators realized that it was time to change something in the life of drawn pictures, it was time to throw out these old dolls and start doing serious things. The union of several small studios scattered throughout the country began to create larger-scale works, many critics argue that the history of animation begins from this moment in our country. The first works of the studio were rather boring, as they were devoted to the development of progress in Europe, but by 1940 specialists from Leningrad moved to the Moscow Union. However, even after that, nothing good happened, since the war began, all organizations had a clear goal - to raise the patriotic spirit of the people.
In the post-war period, there was a sharp rise in the level of cartoon production. The viewer saw not the usual change of pictures and not the usual dolls, but realistic characters and interesting stories. All this was achieved through the use of new equipment, already tested by American comrade Walt Disney and his studio. For example, in 1952, engineers created exactly the same camera as at the Disney studio. New methods of shooting were created (the effect of image volume) and the old ones were brought to automatism. At this moment, cartoons acquire their new shell, instead of meaningless children's "movies" there are educational and subtext-based works. In addition to short films, full-length cartoons are being shot, such as The Snow Queen. In general, from the moment of the creation of Soyuzmultfilm, the history of animation in Russia begins. For children in those days, even small changes were noticeable and even the shortest films were appreciated.
1980-1990s
After experiencing a change in direction in animation, Soviet cartoons began to get better from the end of 1970. It was in that decade that such a famous cartoon as “Hedgehog in the Fog” appeared, which was watched, probably, by all children born before the 2000s. However, a special rise in the activity of multipliers was observed in the 80s of the last century. At that time, the famous cartoon film by Roman Kachanov "The Secret of the Third Planet" was released. It happened in 1981.
This picture won the hearts of many children of that time, and adults did not disdain watching it, to be honest. In the same year, the famous "Plasticine Crow" was released, marking the arrival of a new animator, Alexander Tatarsky, at the Ekran studio. A few years later, the same specialist creates the cartoon "The Other Side of the Moon", the name of which lures you to find out what is there, on the other side of the Moon?
But plasticine is only "flowers", since in Sverdlovsk, which actively participated in the country's animation activities, cartoon films were created using glass. Then the glass artist became famous. Among such glass drawings is “The Tale of the Goat”, released in 1985.
The end of the 1980s is marked by sharp and rough strokes in the drawing, poor image quality and general blurring, this is easy to see in the example of Koloboks Leading the Investigation. This fashion was like a disease that spread throughout the world of domestic animation, only a few artists got rid of the habit of sloppy drawing, although it can be called a separate style, as in painting.
In the 90s, Russia began to cooperate with foreign studios, artists signed contracts and, together with foreign specialists, created full-length cartoons. But still, the most patriotic artists remain at home, and with their help, the history of animation in our country continues.
Cartoon today
After the collapse of the Soviet Union, a crisis flourished not only in the life of the country, but also in the life of animation. It seemed that the history of animation for children, as well as for adults, was over. Studios existed only due to advertising and rare orders. But still, at that time there were works that won an award (“The Old Man and the Sea” and “The Winter's Tale”). Soyuzmultfilm was also destroyed, the authorities sold all the rights to the cartoons and completely destroyed the studio.
But already in 2002, for the first time, Russia used a computer to create animation, and even despite the "troubled" time in the history of animation, the work of Russian animators took pride of place in world competitions.
In 2006, the production of cartoons resumed in Russia, Prince Vladimir and Dwarf Nose came out. New studios appear: "Mill" and "Sunny House".
But it turned out that it is too early to rejoice, because 3 years after the release of the last famous films, a black streak of crisis began. Many studios were closed, and the state ceased to promote the development of Russian animation.
Now many domestic studios release cartoons beloved by everyone, sometimes stories do not fit into an hour-long film, so you have to draw 2-3, or even more parts. So far, failures in the history of animation in Russia are not expected.
Whatever you say, even adults love to watch cartoons and sometimes do it more attentively than their young children, and all because modern cartoons are bright, interesting and funny. Now they cannot be compared with puppet ones, where cockroaches and other insects participated. Nevertheless, any step that the history of Russian animation "climbed" is important, because each of them led to perfection.
There are not only small, but also adult viewers. Drawn fairy-tale characters come to life on the screens, luring you into the world of exciting adventures. In life, those who move do not meet. But animations allow you to turn a set of static pictures into a moving image.
The art of cartoonists gives the viewer the opportunity to forget for a while that he is not dealing with reality, but with a fairy tale.
Since ancient times, animators have used the most diverse ones to obtain the desired effects, with the help of which puppet or drawn images came to life. Technology is definitely important. But much more has the artist's intention, script and idea. Finally, the character of an animated film is born when the animators endow him with personality and character. These principles, which originated at the dawn of cartoon cinema, are also characteristic of modern animation.
The masters of animation see their task in conveying to the audience the eternal ones, which, unlike technologies, do not change with time. Heroes still look at the viewer from TV screens, whose behavior is driven by the desire for justice and goodness. Evil must be defeated, and love and friendship will surely triumph.
Features of modern animation
Today, almost every creation in the world of animation is the result of the use of computer technology. Very rarely characters are now sculpted from or painted on transparencies. The use of computer animation tools allows you to get characters with extremely high image clarity. Such heroes are able to move like a person. Plasticity of movements and special effects bring animated pictures closer to reality.
One of the strongest trends in animated cinema is the drive towards extreme naturalization. But some masters of animation believe that the desire to give the film the ultimate credibility is a dead end, because the viewer perceives not so much the realism of the details of the picture, the artistic image created on the screen. It is the fabulous, unreal world that attracts the attention of young viewers.
Over the past two decades, three-dimensional animation has managed to emerge and develop. The use of 3D technologies in the production of cartoons became possible only after the release of computer technology to a new level.
Images that create the illusion of a three-dimensional world allow you to create a holistic image that strives for ultimate realism.
And yet, today's animation masters very often strive to deliberately stylize three-dimensional graphics as hand-drawn. This can be explained by the confrontation of two trends, one of which represents the old school of animation, and the second expresses
