Lvhpu im in and fly. Art School

Walking around the city day after day, you often do not pay attention to individual buildings, as if they are not in focus, and only perceive the whole street as a whole. Of course, you consider your favorite houses, but new "architectural favorites" appear less and less often. And not because there are few beautiful buildings, but quite the opposite - there are so many of them that it is simply impossible to single out everything. That's the Peter's problem!!! My favorite route regularly lays down from home - st. Kuibyshev, through the Trinity Bridge and the Field of Mars to the most beautiful street. Pestel and Liteiny Ave. So, on this way, I have the same two stops in a few minutes for contemplation: the first is the Engineer's Castle - the best castle I have ever seen. And the second building is where the legendary St. Petersburg Art and Industry Academy named after A. L. Stieglitz is located. Which is simply impossible not to notice because of the huge glass dome and majestic facade.

Photo from yandex.ru

The Federal State Budgetary Institution of Higher Education "St. Petersburg State Academy of Arts and Industry named after A. L. Stieglitz" (Stieglitz Academy) is one of the most authoritative Russian universities that trains specialists in the field of fine, decorative and applied arts and design. Founded in 1876 with funds donated by Baron Alexander Stieglitz. Where does the name come from. So it is from here that modern designers, restorers and various craftsmen come out.

The main building of the academy is located in a building designed by the first director of this educational institution, the architect M. E. Messmacher.

From 1953 to 1994, the academy was called the Leningrad Higher School of Industrial Art named after V.I. Mukhina, so in the media it is often called the "Mukhinsky School" or simply "Fly".

Now the St. Petersburg Academy named after A. L. Stieglitz owns two buildings located next door on Solyanoy Lane. The buildings are also connected to each other. One is an academy and the other is a museum. In fact, a museum - but in fact, right in the museum there are also audiences for students. Which just roam the corridors with some kind of bundles and easels.
Historical stained-glass windows, of course, have not been preserved due to the huge number of explosions during the Second World War. But in later years, talented students created new ones.

Alexander Ludwigovich Stieglitz turned out to be a very generous person. At his own expense, he built an academy of applied arts and an orphanage for children.

With the invention of electroplating, many copies were made from real gold and silver bowls, goblets and dishes from the Renaissance. A thin layer of silver or gold was applied to a dish made of a cheaper material, such as copper.

During the war, the building was damaged, a bomb hit the glass dome. Now, of course, it has been restored, but not the same as it was before, because the double glass dome consisted of a transparent upper and a lower one with stained glass windows.

Accidentally turning the wrong way, you find yourself in a workshop where sculptors create.

Getting into the building, at first you walk "with your nose up high", since the first thing that catches your eye is the painting of the ceiling.

The corridors are lined with antiquities from the 3rd to 5th centuries AD.

A characteristic feature of a blogger is to capture the moment. The lack of photographic equipment and an experienced look is considered as unsuitability.

Oh, these art objects, go figure out what it means! That's what it is? And then a young designer will hang something similar on the wall in your apartment! Since the academy will trample on this ...

I took a selfie - it means I was there.)))

Judging by the skirt, she ran straight from the wedding eugesha ! And then when you get here!

The tiles on the walls are original!

In the neighborhood is the Panteleymonovskaya Church, the history of which dates back to 1718.

The halls of the museum were decorated in different styles. There are Florentine, with grotesques on the ceilings and walls.Messmacher built in the era of passion for historical styles, the Renaissance was one of the most popular. So the hall in which student exhibitions were held resembles an Italian courtyard with characteristic arches and double columns.

Once the wall painting was hidden under a layer of white paint, which is now being carefully removed and restored to its original appearance. How do you like "before" and "after" if you compare photos No. 17 and No. 18?

During the Great October Revolutionthe school was closed, the exhibits were transferred to the Hermitage, in large numbers. Many of them are still there, so when you walk around the Hermitage, you can pay attention to the exhibits with information plates from the Stieglitz Academy.

Our large and noisy blogging brethren were kindly invited on an excursion by the Open City project, which can also take you to other interesting places. Just go to their website, register and go explore the city for free.

The academy turned out to be very modern and maintains its own

was in the museum and Medici hall dedicated to the masters of arts and crafts who made Florence famous, and their patrons. The plafond of the hall is decorated with four medallions with portraits of representatives of the Medici dynasty and other figures. Under Messmacher, the hall contained showcases with Italian and German plaquettes of the 15th-17th centuries, mainly depicting ancient mythological and Christian subjects. Medici Hall in 1896 (photo source:):

The second floor, which, except through the Great Hall, could be reached along a wide Roman stairs, was assigned to the halls of English, Italian, Flemish and French art of the XVI-XVIII centuries. Thus, the exposition of Italian art occupied five halls, including a spacious tiepolo hall, dedicated to the art of the Venetian Republic of the 18th century and sometimes called Venetian hall(photo source:).

The design of this hall with a picturesque ceiling and stucco resembled the decoration of the library in the Venetian Doge's Palace. Unique Venetian art glass vessels, Delft faience, French Baroque chests of drawers, fabrics, lace, fans and, most importantly, five magnificent paintings by the brush were exhibited here. Tiepolo(c. 1725), acquired by Messmacher specifically for his museum (now they are in the Hermitage). Venetian Hall in 1896 (photo source:):

The decoration of the Venetian Hall has not survived to this day.

M.E. Messmacher. Design project for the decoration of the ceiling of the Venetian Hall (Tiepolo Hall) (source:):

The exposition of the Italian Renaissance was also located in Hall Farnese, whose design was inspired by the luxurious decoration of the palace of Cardinal Farnese in Piacenza, built in the middle of the 16th century. Contemporaries considered the ceiling of this hall, decorated with deep gilded oak caissons, to be a true masterpiece of Messmacher. The hall exhibited marble Renaissance reliefs by the Venetian sculptor Lombardi, rock crystal vessels, caskets, miniature portraits, etc. View of the Farnese Hall in 1896 and in our time (now the hall does not belong to the museum, but belongs to the School) (photo sources: and ):

The display of the history of the development of Italian arts and crafts was completed by copies Loggia of Raphael (Pontifical Galleries). These galleries, decorated with grotesque ornaments, exhibited Italian furniture and fabrics of the 16th-17th centuries, as well as Flemish and French tapestries (now in the Hermitage). Fragment of the wall painting of the Papal Galleries, photo, 1896 (source:):

M.E. Messmacher. Design project for the Papal Gallery (source:):

The museum's French suite was conceived by Mesmacher to show the development of the residential interior of Renaissance France. For this, the halls of Henry II, Louis XIII, Louis XIV, etc. were created. Each elegantly decorated hall contained first-class works of art, specially selected by the architect.

So, Heinrich HallII It was decorated with carved panels, dark blue velvet with royal coats of arms and tapestries, and works of art of the French Renaissance were shown there, including faience from the first half of the 16th century. Samples of Italian majolica were also collected here. A notable decoration of the hall was an Italian fireplace of the 16th century (photo source:).

All this later ended up in the Hermitage. And of the entire decor of the hall, only the rich decoration of the ceiling with deep oak caissons, decorated with the royal coat of arms of France, has survived to our time (photo source:).

General view of the hall of Henry II in our time (photo source:):

Chamber, but very elegant louis hallXIII was decorated with painted beams, and the walls were paneled with wood and painted with arabesque ornaments. In the hall, an overview of the decorative and applied art of France in the first half of the 17th century was given.

The current view of the hall of Louis XIII (photo source:):

French art of the second half of the 17th century was dedicated to louis hallXIV, decorated with a series of tapestries "Months, or Royal Residences" based on sketches by Charles Le Brun (now tapestries in the Hermitage). The showcases were filled with Sèvres and Meissen porcelain. Also on display was a collection of antique French clocks plus artistic furniture by the royal master André Boulle (now, again, in the Hermitage). The Hall of Louis XIV looked like this at that time (photo source:):

M.E. Messmacher. Design for the Louis XIV Room (

Even many native Petersburgers do not know the full name of this educational institution, although its unofficial nickname is well known to every city dweller. "St. Petersburg State Academy of Art and Industry?" Does this phrase mean anything to anyone? And what about the Mukhinsky School or just "Flies"?

The appearance of this illustrious educational institution is associated with the activities of the famous entrepreneur and philanthropist, Baron Alexander Stieglitz. Although the working conditions at the Stieglitz enterprises themselves were close to those of a slave, Alexander Ludwigovich himself often felt the desire to “pay his debt to society”, allocating funds for various social projects.

In 1876, Alexander Ludwigovich allocated 5 million rubles in gold (a fabulous amount for those times) for the creation of the School of Technical Drawing. This educational institution was supposed to train applied artists: blacksmiths, designers, glassblowers, furniture makers, fashion designers. For the construction of the school building, a place was chosen near the Fontanka, where salt "shops" - warehouses - were once located. These warehouse buildings gave the name to the nearest alley - Salt.

For the construction of the school, the German architect Maximilian Egorovich Messmacher was invited, who later became the first director of the new educational institution. Stieglitz and Mesmacher believed that students should learn from the best examples of world art, so the interiors of the building were decorated with royal luxury in the style of the Italian Renaissance. As a gift to his educational institution, Stieglitz also presented a collection of paintings, glass and carpets. The salaries of professors and the current expenses of the school were financed by interest on the capital of one million rubles.

Since Stieglitz himself was a native of Livonia, one should not be surprised that in the first decades of the existence of the School of Technical Drawing, a significant part of its students were from the Baltic states, especially from present-day Latvia. So, for example, Rihards Zarins, the creator of the coat of arms and banknotes of Latvia, studied there; the author of the national flag of Latvia and its first postage stamp Ansis Cīrulis; the founders of professional Latvian sculpture are Teodors Zalkalns, Gustavs Skilter, Burkards Dzenis and others.

After 1917, the school was transformed and became the State Art and Industrial Workshops. In 1922, together with the museum and the library, they merged into the Petrograd VKHUTEIN, and two years later the State Art and Industrial Workshops ceased to exist as an independent educational institution. The museum became a branch of the State Hermitage.

Only in 1945, on its basis, the Leningrad Art and Industrial School named after Mukhina V.I. was opened, which soon became one of the most famous educational institutions in the city. Among the graduates of the Mukhinsky School were M. Shemyakin, spouses Olga and Alexander Florensky, Dmitry Shagin.

Many myths and legends are associated with the Mukhinsky School. So, before exams, students bring flowers to the angels who decorate the lanterns before entering the building. According to legend, this is the local representation of the city's guardian angel, whose headquarters is located on the Peter and Paul Cathedral. Another legend is connected with the front staircase of the Mukha. First-year students have the right to walk only on its left side, since the Muse walks on the right side of the stairs, nervously reacting to those who beat off her heels. For undergraduates, this rule, for mysterious and mysterious reasons, no longer applies.

Another attraction is the school's glass dome, which allows students to sketch the building's interiors while in class. In Soviet times, students, protesting against totalitarianism, often drunkenly climbed this dome and lay naked on it, shocking the draftsmen below. The legend says that the glass of the dome sometimes could not withstand the weight of naked bodies and the case was not without casualties ...

Academy today

Today the university has 1500 students and 220 teachers.

Faculties

Faculty of Arts and Crafts
- faculty of monumental art
- faculty of design

Story

• It was founded in 1876 by the rescript of Alexander II with donations from the banker and industrialist Baron Alexander Ludwigovich Stieglitz (-) as Central School of Technical Drawing.
• In 1918 the school was reorganized into Petrograd State Art and Industrial Workshops.
• In 1922 the workshops were transformed into School of Architectural Finishing of Buildings under the City Executive Committee.
• In 1945, by decision of the government, the school was recreated as a multidisciplinary educational institution that trained artists of monumental, decorative, applied and industrial art, in 1948 it became a university - Leningrad Higher School of Art and Industry.
• Since 1953, LVHPU has been named after the People's Artist of the USSR Vera Ignatievna Mukhina.
• In 1994, LVHPU them. V. I. Mukhina transformed into St. Petersburg State Academy of Art and Industry.
• In December 2006, the Academy was named after Alexander Ludwigovich Stieglitz. The new name of the academy is St. Petersburg State Academy of Art and Industry named after A. L. Stieglitz(SPGHPA named after A. L. Stieglitz).

Famous graduates

• Bosco, Yuri Ivanovich - Soviet muralist, Honored Artist of Russia, People's Artist of Russia.
• Zarinsh, Richard Germanovich - Russian and Latvian artist, graphic artist, popularizer of Latvian folk art, author of the first revolutionary stamps of Soviet Russia. Author of the coat of arms and banknotes of Latvia.
• Ostroumova-Lebedeva, Anna Petrovna - People's Artist of the RSFSR, Russian engraver and painter, watercolorist, master of landscape.
• Petrov-Vodkin, Kuzma Sergeevich - Honored Artist of the RSFSR, symbolist painter, graphic artist, art theorist, writer and teacher.
• Pisakhov, Stepan Grigorievich - Russian artist, writer, ethnographer, storyteller.
• Protopopov, Vladislav Vasilievich - Russian artist.
• Salnikov, Anatoly Alexandrovich - Honored Architect of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, Laureate of the Prize of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, chief architect of Kerch.

Links

• http://designcomdesign.ru/ - Department of Communication Design, SPGHPA im. A.L. Stieglitz.
• http://artisk.ru/ - Department of Art History and Cultural Studies, SPGHPA im. A.L. Stieglitz.

Sources

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010 .

See what the "Leningrad Higher School of Industrial Art named after V.I. Mukhina" is in other dictionaries:

St. Petersburg State Academy of Art and Industry named after V.I. A. L. Stieglitz (SPGHPA named after A. L. Stieglitz) Founded 1876 ... Wikipedia

Them. V. I. Mukhina, created in 1945 (leads its history from the A. L. Stieglitz School of Technical Drawing, founded in 1876 in St. Petersburg). Since 1948 higher school. In 1953 the school was named after V. I. Mukhina. As part of the school (1973): ... ...

Leningrad named after V. I. Mukhina (LVHPU) (Solyanoy Lane, 13), established in 1945. It traces its history from the Central School of Technical Drawing of A. L. Stieglitz, founded in St. Petersburg in 1876. Since 1948, a higher school. In 1953, the school ... ... St. Petersburg (encyclopedia)

Higher School of Industrial Art- Leningrad named after V. I. Mukhina (LVHPU) (Solyanoy Lane, 13), established in 1945. It traces its history from the Central School of Technical Drawing by A. L. Stieglitz, founded in St. Petersburg in 1876. Since 1948, a higher school. In 1953, the school was awarded ... ... Encyclopedic reference book "St. Petersburg"

St. Petersburg State Academy of Art and Industry (formerly LVHPU named after V. I. Mukhina) ... Wikipedia

Coordinates ... Wikipedia

The Central School of Technical Drawing of Baron Stieglitz (CUTR), founded in St. Petersburg in 1876 at the expense of the patron A. L. Stieglitz, opened in 1879 together with the Primary School of Drawing, Drawing and Modeling, in 1922 merged into the Petrograd ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

- (named after the philanthropist Baron A. L. Stieglitz), founded in St. Petersburg in 1876, opened in 1879, in 1922 merged into the Petrograd Vkhutein. In 1945, it was recreated as the Leningrad (now St. Petersburg) Higher Artistic and Industrial ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

- (named after the philanthropist Baron A. L. Stieglitz) founded in St. Petersburg in 1876, opened in 1879, in 1922 merged into the Petrograd Higher Artistic and Technical Institute. In 1945, it was recreated as the Leningrad (now St. Petersburg) Higher ... ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary electronic book

Named after A. L. Stieglitz was founded in 1876. Now it is one of the most famous educational institutions in Russia. The university is located in the historical part of St. Petersburg, the second largest city in the country and the main cultural center.

Start

The creation of the Stieglitz Academy in St. Petersburg was associated with the rapid growth of industrial production that swept European countries in the middle of the 19th century. The semi-handicraft manufactories were replaced by factories, which made it possible to produce goods in large quantities. However, it soon became clear that consumers are interested not just in utilitarian things, but in a beautiful product with a memorable design.

In 1851, the famous art and industrial exhibition was held in England, at which different countries presented their best goods and products. In addition to traditional embroidery, ceramics, weaving, jewelry, the company presented amazing factory products made of wood, cast iron, and steel. The apotheosis of industrial achievements was the Crystal Palace: the pavilion where the exhibition was held was as if woven from a metal web and “sheathed” with large glass panels.

The birth of the art academy

Russian industrialists who visited the fair were very impressed. The idea of ​​creating a national school for the training of artists specializing in applied art was born. In 1860, a technical drawing school was formed on the basis of the Moscow one. However, her capabilities were clearly not enough.

According to popular belief, the initiative to organize a specialized art and industrial educational institution in St. Petersburg was made by Senator Alexander Polovtsov, the son-in-law of the richest (according to his contemporaries) banker in Russia, Baron Stieglitz. The banker liked the idea, and he established a special fund in the amount of 7 million rubles (huge money at that time), on the interest from which the Central School of Technical Drawing, created in 1876, existed. It trained decorative artists in applied disciplines and teachers of technical drawing for other schools that began to appear around the country. Thus, CUTR became the progenitor of the Academy. Stieglitz.

Development

The Soviet government looked differently at the role of art in industry. Any embellishments were considered unnecessary, a manifestation of philistinism. In 1922, the CUTR was closed, and later reformatted into a general educational institution.

The second birth of the Academy. Stieglitz happened on February 5, 1945. On this day, courses for the preparation of restorers began to work. After the war, many historic buildings and works of art were in need of restoration.

In 1953, the Leningrad Higher School of Industrial Art (LVHPU) named after V.I. Mukhina was formed. The people called it the Mukhinsky School. We must pay tribute, an amazing team was formed within its walls, which was able to bit by bit restore the centuries-old traditions of its predecessors and at the same time bring a lot of new things to the science of industrial design, art crafts, and the preservation of historical heritage. In 2007, the university was reorganized into the St. Petersburg Academy of Art and Industry named after A. L. Stieglitz.

today

Currently, the university has about 1,500 students and 500 employees. Applicants can receive higher education in the field of monumental and decorative art, design, art history and restoration.

The faculties of the Stieglitz Academy in St. Petersburg actively cooperate with structural organizations and industrial enterprises. For example, the Department of Industrial Design works side by side with well-known Russian companies, including automakers KamAZ and AvtoVAZ, shipbuilders Almaz and Avrora, NPO LOMO, and the Svetlana factory. The fashion design department hosts numerous competitions and festivals.

SPGHPA. them. A. L. Stieglitz has a long history of successful international relations. Teachers and students cooperate with higher educational institutions and creative organizations in Germany, Finland, China, France, Japan and other countries.

Faculty of monumental and decorative art

It trains artists of all kinds. The variety of specialties is determined by the innovative trends of the 21st century, as well as traditions drawn from the past. Applicants of the art academy can choose one of many specializations:

• History of art and civilization.
• Artistic processing of metals.
• Graphic art, book illustration.
• Ceramics, glass.
• Painting, restoration.
• Painting on wood.
• Sculpture.
• Textile design.
• Interior and equipment.
• Monumental and decorative painting and sculpture.

Faculty of Design

First of all, it is a school of artistic and design creativity, which is faced with the task of determining the best ways to integrate design, pedagogy, science and industrial production. The curriculum is built around creating a kind of launch pad for creativity. Here they train in the following specialties:

• Suit design.
• Environment design.
• Graphic design.
• Furniture design.
• Industrial design.

Achievements

The famous university has prepared a galaxy of talented and successful artists and designers for the manufacturing industry. In search of aesthetic values, graduates actively form new trends for architecture, design, monumental, decorative and applied art.

Today, former students successfully work in industrial enterprises, participate in projects of scientific research institutions, as well as in construction bureaus, art schools and creative organizations. In addition, students of the Academy Stieglitz made a significant contribution to the development of the material culture of the country. For high achievements, the team was awarded the honorary Order of the Red Banner of Labor.

Social and cultural life

The Academy has a developed material and technical base. There is a museum with more than 35,000 objects of applied art and a collection of student works. The library has over 140,000 titles and a collection of 10,000 rare books. Organized meals.

Excellent facilities for sports have been created, and there is also a gym. There is a student dormitory located on Kuznetsova Avenue 30/9, St. Petersburg. By the way, during the entrance exams and training courses, applicants can be accommodated in a hostel.

Museum

At the Academy. Stieglitz operates a wonderful museum (founded in 1878). It presents both the work of teachers and students of the Academy of different years, as well as other works of art.

The same Alexander Polovtsov contributed to the creation of an art museum at the educational institution. Together with the architect Maximilian Messmacher, he convinced Baron Stieglitz of the need to have a collection of works of applied art, both as a teaching tool and to develop the artistic imagination of students. The Baron gave an additional 5 million rubles for the implementation of this idea, which made it possible to buy books on art for the school library, new exhibits for the museum, printed graphics, original paintings and drawings by Western European artists, products of jewelers-masters, works of artists-decorators of various industries.

Large funds were spent on the acquisition of specialized exhibits and works of art at Paris auctions, often the best and unique lots were bought. Thanks to these acquisitions, the school museum became the owner of:

• Samples of ceramics of archaic times.
• Jewelry.
• Archaeological objects of the ancient Phoenicians.
• Antique furniture.
• antique fireplaces.
• Products of ceramic centers in Italy, France, Germany.
• Collections of French tapestries.
• Original paintings by Tiepolo.
• Original drawings by artists and decorators, including Giovanni Castiglione, Franceso Guardi, Perino del Vaga, Tiepolo, Polidori da Caravaggio, Annibale Carracci, Gilles Marie Oppenor and others.

After the death of Stieglitz, Alexander Polovtsov had to bring to its logical conclusion the work of improving the new art school. He gave considerable sums to charity and the development of the material and technical base.