And so, we draw a scarf in the technique of cold batik.
Materials:
Fabric - crepe-satin, white, size approximately one meter per meter. We take the fabric with a margin, i.e. the finished product will be somewhere around 90x90 cm.
Reserve - transparent company Gamma
Paints - acrylic for silk Silk, Gamma
Reserve glass tube
Rag, to remove a drop of reserve from the straw, and to dry the brushes.
Brushes - 3 squirrel brushes of different sizes, No. 5 for small details, No. 12 for filling large details, No. 24 flat brush for the background.
Pencil, large sheet of paper for drawing, marker for tracing the drawing.
Wooden frame, or stretcher (I use a sliding frame)
Before stretching the fabric on the frame, it should be washed in a light soapy solution in order to wash off the factory treatment of the fabric, because if it is not washed, the paint will not spread well. After the fabric has dried, it should be lightly ironed.
To begin with, we position it very evenly:
Then we attach the fabric with pushpins, we do this starting from the middle to the edges. It is important to pull the fabric very evenly so as not to warp it.
After the fabric is stretched, we need to make a drawing of our scarf in the size of the frame. You can make a preliminary sketch of a small size, and then increase it to the size of a handkerchief. I make a drawing without preliminary sketching, right on a large piece of paper. To make the drawing more visible, I trace it over the pencil with a permanent marker.
Then we put the pattern under the fabric so that it is clearly visible through it. If the pattern is too low and not visible, then books or magazines can be placed so that it is closer to the fabric.
When the pattern is placed under the fabric, we begin to apply the reserve.
We apply the reserve carefully so that there are no gaps, otherwise the paint will flow. When we have passed the entire drawing as a reserve, we leave it to dry. Dries out in about an hour. If time for work is limited, then you can speed up the drying process with a hairdryer.
When the reserve is dry, we begin the painting itself. Before applying paint, wet the area to be painted with clean water. This is necessary so that the paint flows more freely, as well as in order to identify those places that the reserve has not soaked well.
Painting on fabric resembles watercolor painting, because, as in watercolor, we gradually fuse one color into another, achieving unique transitions and play of color. I do without a palette, mixing colors directly on the fabric. For beginners, this trick will probably be difficult, so I advise you to use a plastic palette.
When applying paint, consider the type of fabric. Ink behaves differently on different fabrics. It can flow evenly, either more over the weft or more over the warp.
You need to apply the paint carefully so as not to get a different color on the already painted areas, since it will not be possible to fix this.
According to my idea, the flowers on the scarf will be lighter than the background, I make them golden-orange, the leaves will be darker than the background, I make them red-brown.
If, nevertheless, in some places the reserve was applied poorly, and we did not notice this when wetting the fabric with water, in these places the paint will leak to another area of the drawing. We do not need this, but since the background is supposed to be quite dark, the leaks can not be washed out too much. But be sure to go through these places again in reserve so that the color of the dark background does not flow onto light flowers. If you make the background light, then as soon as the paint has leaked, you need to immediately blur it as much as possible and go through the place of the leak as a reserve.
Gradually, painting small details, we move on to painting the background area. It must be remembered that a large area must be painted quickly, without interruption, so that the paint flows evenly and does not dry anywhere ahead of time, otherwise you can get ugly spots and streaks.
To add an interesting effect of "drops", sprinkle the wet cloth in some places with urea. Urea is sold at any gardening store. There is some kind of special powder for a similar effect, but of course it costs an order of magnitude more expensive (I don’t know what it’s called). Or you can sprinkle with coarse salt instead of urea, salt creates "stars" of a lighter color.
And so, we finished painting. If in some places the color is not as saturated as you would like, you can add colors, re-wet the desired areas and increase the contrast.
After drying, the fabric must be carefully removed from the frame by removing the buttons.
We fix the pattern with a not very hot iron from the wrong side at an average temperature acceptable for this type of fabric.
After fixing the pattern, the fabric must be rinsed in warm water with the addition of a small amount of mild shampoo, this must be done in order to get rid of the stiffness of the fabric after ironing.
After the fabric is rinsed and dried, you need to iron it again and cut it evenly to size, and then process the edges. For those who are not friends with a sewing machine, you can take the scarf to the nearest studio and for a small fee they will process the edge on the overlock.
And now our scarf is ready!
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Slides captions:
Fine Arts The lesson is based on the author's program "Fine Arts" by Nemensky Municipal Budgetary Educational Institution Secondary School No. 3 (MBOU Secondary School No. 3) Theme of the lesson: "Mom's scarf" Teacher: A.M. Burlakova Class: 3 - in 2015 Surgut
Kulikov Ivan Semyonovich. " Wildflowers "
They are greeted by clothes, escorted by mind
There lived a man and a woman. They had a daughter and a little son. Daughter, - said the mother, - we will go to work, take care of your brother! Do not leave the yard, be smart - we will buy you ... a handkerchief
The song "Blue Handkerchief" during the Great Patriotic War
For the first time, the Pavlovo-Posad factory for the production of scarves with the author's printed pattern was mentioned in 1795. The production was founded by a wealthy peasant - Ivan Labzin.
In the 19th century patterning on scarves at the Pavlovo-Posad manufactory was carried out only by hand. Wooden forms for stuffing patterns on scarves were called "flowers" and "manners". With the help of “flowers”, paints were applied to woolen or silk fabric, for each color a separate board was required - “flowers”. Wooden forms for stuffing patterns on Pavloposad shawls were called “flowers” and “manners”, only hardwoods (oak, pear, walnut) were used for their production, and for greater strength they were glued together from three layers of wood. With the help of “flowers”, paints were applied to woolen or silk fabric, for each color a separate board was required - “flowers”.
The automatons allowed to unload the embossers, but don't worry, it's still a great quality!
"Sunny Summer" "Southern Night" Artists often use a flower - a lily - in the "bouquet" of the Pavlovsky Posad shawl. The most popular flower in Pavlovo-Posad patterns is a rose. "Evening Garden"
Multicolored shawls glorified Pavlovsky Posad all over the world. A luxurious rose has become a symbol of the Pavlovo Posad shawl. The usual pattern of a Pavlovo Posad shawl is from large along the edges to small in the center. In the corners - large, catchy flowers, towards the center the pattern decreases, and the middle is filled with disappearing small elements.
Three Magic Brothers
Building Master
We define the center using diagonal lines. We place the pattern in the center.
Image Master
Master Jewelry Warm and cold colors.
Rhythm is the alternation of elements
Work plan: Choose the location of the pattern. Choose an image on the scarf. Turn the image into a pattern by choosing the color and rhythm of the pattern.
Today we paid a lot of attention to clothes, “we met by clothes”, but I still advise you to see off according to the mind, it has been tested for centuries !!!
On the topic: methodological developments, presentations and notes
This presentation is used in grade 3 when studying the topic "Art in your home" (Nemensky's program). The work is a video sequence with images of various toy books and is intended to act...
The presentation begins with showing the first flowers, poems are used, step-by-step drawing of daffodils is shown....
Presentation for the lesson of fine arts on historical events.
At the lesson, the children are invited to draw a Russian hero. Before this, a conversation is held about the great events in the history of Russia - the Battle of the Ice and the Battle of Kulikovo. Looking at pictures of...
Russian beauty in a Pavloposad shawlThe culture of this or that people is multicomponent. Cuisine, way of life, traditions and peculiarities in clothing - all this makes up a complete picture, making this or that nationality recognizable. It is the little things, nuances, features and individual details of the traditional costume that show the folk image to the whole world. Without exaggeration, Russian culture is considered one of the brightest and most diverse. The symbiosis of the industriousness of skilled artisans and the skill of artists gave rise to such a unique work of applied art as Pavlovo Posad shawls (shawls).
The history of the handkerchief
Today, every foreigner - a guest of the great and vast Russia, will consider it an honor to purchase unusual townsman scarves or shawls as a souvenir. But few people know that the history of such a unique and popular accessory all over the world goes back more than 200 years.
Pavloposadsky scarf can be found in many paintingsThe origins date back to the middle of the nineteenth century. The city in Russia Pavlovsky Posad, formerly called the Bogorodsk district, has long been considered a kind of center of talented and skilled artisans, and especially textile craftsmanship. In those distant times, it was in Pavlovsky Posad that there were countless textile workshops that have survived from even more ancient times. In the 17th century, Bogorodsk shawls were already widely known, thanks to the recognizable ornamental pattern of gilded threads.
And how could such beauty not become popular
Later, production was rapidly gaining momentum, and already township scarves were made from various fabrics, and the character of the pattern acquired more characteristic national features and a recognizable Russian character.
Manufactory production expanded, the direction of silk weaving appeared, scarves were also made from woolen and semi-woolen fabrics.
The history of Pavloposad shawls
Traditional shawls had one feature - an unusual and unique printed pattern. The patterns were so exclusive that it was impossible to find two identical scarves.
Drawing technique
The magnificence of a color, a complex and one-of-a-kind floral pattern or ornament is achieved by a complex application technology. Initially, the pattern was transferred to the material using carved wooden molds. Such form boards were called "flowers" and "manners". The board "flowers" was cut out of wood, with its help paints were applied to the fabric, but the outline of the ornament or pattern was filled with boards "manners".
"Manner" for applying patterns
The evolution also touched on the technology of stuffing prints, so already in the 70s of the last century, the pattern began to be applied to town scarves and shawls using screen printing and special nylon templates. More modern Pavloposad textile products have changed somewhat: the pattern has become less detailed, and the contours of the ornaments have acquired less intricate and somewhat strict outlines.
Industrial production did not play in favor of the beauty of the scarf
For some time, the technique of manual printing was used to apply the pattern, but due to the special laboriousness of the process, it did not become popular. Although it was during this period that real exclusive models worthy of the title of cultural value of Russia were created.
In the 90s of the last century, at a time when many industries were hit by a crisis, production not only did not come to naught. Pavloposad products have become even more colorful and original. The number of colors for one scarf or shawl reached 23. Today, the stencil technology has been preserved, a unique pattern is preliminarily developed by artists, after which stencils are made, then shawls and scarves are put into production.
Developing a pattern for a future scarf is not an easy task.
Creation of Pavloposad shawls
Pattern Features
From ancient times to the present day, town scarves and shawls are divided into two main types:
- The first are scarves and shawls, which are made of thin translucent wool. Such Pavloposad products may have a silk base. The pattern on such a shawl or scarf was stuffed on a cream, black, dark cherry or scarlet color ground. The ornament was large flowers or bouquets, strictly selected stylistic patterns. As they say, the award has found its hero. In 1896, such town scarves received the highest state award, which gave the right to depict the National Emblem on a label or sign.
- The second are Pavloposad products, which were made of dense wool. Such models, as a rule, differed from the first ones not only in fabrics, but also in ornament. The title pattern was borrowed from the Eastern people "cucumber", enclosed in floral patterns. The emphasis in such shawls was placed on the edges, and more precisely, the corners of the shawl, leaving a small middle figure in the central part.
In the post-war period, township shawls acquired greater brightness than models of the war period. The color of the Pavlovo Posad shawl is based on the contrasts of yellow, green, red and blue. Chiaroscuro treatments appear in the drawing, which give realism and tangibility to floral prints.
Such a principle of bright and unusual contrasts, national ornaments or floral patterns is so unique in its kind that it makes town scarves and shawls out of fashion trends.
Such beauty never goes out of fashion.
How to wear a pavlovo-posad scarf or shawl?
Modern fashion trends are a tribute and even admiration for the skill of our ancestors. Therefore, Pavloposad stoles, shawls and scarves are incredibly popular among fashionistas today. Such a bright and unusual accessory undoubtedly has its own character, history and soul, which gives the image original folk notes in an unusual modern setting, like a precious diamond.
The image of a Russian beauty will not be complete without such a scarf
There are some tips on how to wear a Pavlovo Posad accessory:
- In the traditional way, as worn in Russia, putting on the head and tying under the chin. This method is suitable for beauties with clear and regular facial features.
It is very easy to tie a scarf in the traditional way.
- Putting on the head, and wrapping the ends of the scarf around the neck. Looks perfect with a fur coat or sheepskin coat. You need to be careful with the image, consisting of a fur coat to the floor and a Pavloposad shawl, so as not to take on the appearance of the noblewoman Morozova.
- You can put it on your head in the form of a bandana or a turban, and fasten the ends around your head. This way looks unusual and modern.
Pavloposadsky scarf in the form of a bandana
- Simply throwing it over your shoulders, arbitrarily tying the ends of the scarf so that others can admire the beauty of the pattern.
Original skirt from Pavloposad shawl
There are a lot of ways how and with what to put on town scarves, stoles and shawls. You can safely let go of your imagination and experiment with such an unusual accessory, creating your own bright and original image.
A skillful combination or shawls will help to give the look not only a folk identity. Pavloposad products are not just fashion accessories, they have a soul, transforming the image of a woman not only externally, but also internally. Such bright painted accessories will never go out of fashion, forming a real Russian style outside of fashion trends.
Interesting information about Pavloposad shawls
Abstract of the lesson of fine arts in grade 3
Matveeva Svetlana Nikolaevna, primary school teacher, MBOU secondary school No. 9, Ulyanovsk.Work description: I bring to your attention a summary of the lesson of fine arts in grade 3 under the program "Planet of Knowledge", the author of the textbook N. M. Sokolnikova. This topic is included in the "World of Folk Art" section. The material can be useful to teachers of fine arts, primary school teachers who themselves conduct fine arts, as well as teachers in artistic areas of extracurricular activities.
Theme of the lesson "Pavlovo Posad shawls"
Target: Acquaintance with the work of Pavlovsky Posad masters.Tasks:
- continue acquaintance with traditional folk art crafts;
- to teach the ability to draw Pavlovsky Posad flowers;
- to cultivate love for traditional folk art crafts.
As a result of the lesson, students should master the following skills:
PERSONAL
Students will have:
- understanding of belonging to the culture of their people,
- respect for craftsmen who preserve folk traditions;
Students will have the opportunity to:
- ideas about the role of art in human life;
- perception of fine arts as part of national culture;
the foundations of an emotionally valuable, aesthetic attitude to the world, the phenomena of life and art, an understanding of beauty as a value.
SUBJECT
Students will learn:
- recognize (identify), group works of traditional folk art crafts;
- draw patterns for placing ornaments on Pavlovo Posad shawls;
- repeat samples of Pavlovsky Posad flowers.
- solve a creative problem: draw a scarf with Pavlovo Posad patterns (gouache).
- draw the corner of the scarf with Pavlovsky Posad patterns (a simple pencil).
- select paints and colors (colour) in accordance with the mood conveyed in the work.
META-SUBJECT
Regulatory
Students will learn:
- follow the teacher's instructions and algorithms describing standard actions when performing artistic and creative work;
- explain what methods, techniques were used in the work, how the work was built;
- think over a plan of action when working in pairs;
- to distinguish and correlate the idea and the result of the work;
- engage in independent creative activity.
Students will have the opportunity to learn:
- independently perform artistic and creative work;
- plan your actions when creating artistic and creative work.
cognitive
Students will learn:
- group, compare the works of folk crafts according to their characteristic features;
- analyze what parts an object consists of.
- to study what scarves and shawls are worn by women in the region.
- to search for information about the history of the production of Pavlovo Posad shawls and famous masters.
Students will have the opportunity to learn:
- to model design objects.
Communicative
Students will learn:
- express their own emotional attitude to the depicted during the discussion in the class;
- observe in everyday life the norms of speech etiquette and the rules of oral communication;
- ask clarifying questions about the plot and the semantic connection between objects;
- take into account the opinions of others in joint work, negotiate and come to a common decision, working in a group.
- participate in a discussion on the topic of the lesson, using the text of the textbook and images.
Students will have the opportunity to learn:
- ask clarifying questions on the content and artistic and expressive means;
- take into account different opinions and strive to coordinate various positions when creating artistic and creative work in a group;
- own a monologue form of speech, be able to talk about the artistic crafts of the peoples of Russia;
- to own the dialogical form of speech, to be able to supplement,
deny judgment, give examples.
Educational and methodical set:
N.M. Sokolnikov. Art. Grade 3 Textbook. - M.: Astrel.
N.M. Sokolnikov. Art. Grade 3 Workbook. - M.: Astrel.
N.M. Sokolnikov. Education in the 3rd grade according to the textbook "Fine Arts". - M.: Astrel.
During the classes
I. Organizational moment and motivation for learning.Teacher:
Check if everything is ok?
Brushes, paints and notebooks?
Good afternoon guys! Please close your eyes and listen.
(The song performed by Taisiya Povaliy “Orenburg downy shawl” sounds).
Teacher: Guys, open your eyes and tell me what you imagined? What feelings did this song evoke in you? What is it about?
II. Preparation for the perception of new material.
Teacher: Guys, I suggest you work in groups. But first, let's remember the rules of working in a group.
(Repetition of the rules of work in a group).
Teacher: Take a close look at the photos depicting different scarves. Think about what groups they can be divided into.
Each group is given a set of photographs. Groups divide them according to certain characteristics (by color, by shape, by pattern). Discussion follows.
III. Presentation of the topic and objectives of the lesson.
Teacher: Guys, I want to draw your attention to a group of scarves that are identical in design.
(The teacher puts the pictures of this group on the blackboard.)
Teacher: Does anyone know what these scarves are called? Look guys, what's in my hands?
(Children's answers follow.)
Teacher (putting a handkerchief over his shoulders):
I was going through my closet yesterday and found
Mom's Pavloposad scarf,
Something important, the soul immediately remembered,
How freedom took a sip.
And in the scarf is the same: the field, the field is blooming!
And the flowers in it are insanely beautiful ...
In each thread, dear Russia lives:
Rivers... mountains... roads and fields!
Teacher: Yes, guys, I have a Pavloposad shawl in my hands. And, as you probably already guessed, the topic of today's lesson is "Pavlovo Posad shawls." We continue to get acquainted with traditional folk art crafts. We will learn to draw Pavlovsky Posad flowers.
IV. Introduction to new material.
(Next, you can show a presentation on this topic).
Sample story on the topic
Pavlovsky shawls got their name from the name of the small town of Pavlovsky Posad, which is located in the Moscow region. This is one of the oldest Russian centers where scarves were made. In the 19th century, the famous Pavlovian shawls were bought in large quantities at fairs in Pavlovo and distributed throughout Russia. How could you not buy such a beauty?! Scarves are bright, elegant - do not take your eyes off! Red roses, bunches of wild flowers, green leaves and herbs are woven into patterns, and all this is on a multi-colored background: black, white, red, golden, cornflower blue, brown. There are scarves with tassels and fringe, large and small. Absolutely everyone and scarves were to face! The drawing was printed on the fabric using carved wooden boards. More than a dozen boards were used for one scarf. Each color has its own board.
Over time, machine production began to replace manual production. The printed pattern began to be applied using special templates. The picturesque Pavlovsky Posad shawls are famous not only in Russia, but also in many countries of the world.
Previously, many women wore a scarf not only on their heads, but also on their shoulders. They give a woman beauty, majesty, protect from the cold, keeping warm and healthy.
It should be noted that Pavloposad printed shawls have been produced for over 200 years. They have become an integral part of Russian culture. Traditional drawings are flowers and leaves. Blooming branches of roses and lilies are a sign of the tree of life, the Garden of Eden. Later, the drawing "Turkish cucumber" appeared. Over time, other motifs have appeared that meet the trends of modern fashion. The figure is located symmetrically from the center. For one scarf, 18-23 tones are used, the combination of colors is harmonious and correct, which is why Pavloposad shawls are so bright and versatile. Initially, saturated colors prevailed - burgundy, black, bright blue, dark green - denoting wealth.
V. Physical education. Dance with a scarf.
(Children perform movements to the music).
Textbook work(pp. 84–85 of the textbook).
Teacher: Guys, please answer the following questions.
What shape is the scarf? (Square).
- What are the scarves decorated with? (Flowers).
- What flowers? (Bouquets or garlands of roses, peonies, dahlias, lilies, irises, daisies, bluebells).
What color is the background of the scarves? (Green, blue, red, white).
VI.Creative work. Consolidation of knowledge and skills.
Performing practical work.
1. Demonstration of sample drawings.
(Each child is given a corner of a white paper handkerchief).
2. Performing practical work by students.
(The task in the workbook is done in gouache).
(At the time of the practical work, you can turn on the song performed by Ani Lorak "Blue Handkerchief").
3. Control over the implementation of practical work.
VII. Analysis of student work.
Exhibition of works.
VIII. Summary of the lesson.
Teacher: What new did you learn in the lesson?
Reflection.
Teacher: Beep, what mood do you have from the lesson? What did you like? What else is there to learn? Where can you use the material learned in the lesson? Thank you for the lesson!
Moreover, as practice has shown, most often I get unsuccessful options.
And now it is standing in the corner, leaning against the wall, a huge stretcher - this is the future scarf. Silk, however, is artificial, just a piece remained 90 x 90. The future accessory is waiting in the wings. And while I pattern for a scarf looking for. You don’t have to search too much, I already took specially drawn patterns for scarves from Linda Klyavina - she “distributes” them to anyone who wants, however, she asks to mention the creator. Here, I mention
Thanks to this wonderful designer for such beautiful patterns of scarves:
The following template could have been posted, but I thought adding a border around the perimeter could make it a great scarf!
I warn you right away: when you click, a picture opens VERY large - you may not even see it at first. Feel free to copy it to your folder, and then reduce it to see the details.
Such a large pattern size is very convenient for a real handkerchief template. Unless, of course, there is a place to print (for example, in a small printing house). I had a story with my recent handkerchief: I enlarged the drawing myself, then cut out 1/4 part in the program to highlight the pattern, enlarged it, and only then began to transfer it - manually! by cells - on paper.
Here is the actual process:
I'm sorry for the piece of cake out of place This is how I do it, I need a recharge
The template was like this: 
And this is its 1/4 enlarged part:
And the “history” is such that I can’t comprehend all the intricacies of this intricate pattern.
Here are some more original handkerchief designs I gleaned from tattoo templates. These are Celtic patterns - I love them so much! 
