We have all met literary clichés on the pages of books, magazines, and newspapers more than once. Sometimes they openly laughed at them, they were so hackneyed and ridiculous.
If the number of cliches and platitudes in the text went off scale, then we put the book aside and did not return to it anymore.
Of course, it is impossible to do without stamps. Our whole life, if we take it on the scale of the Universe, is nothing but a set of stamps: born, studied, married, multiplied, died :)
However, it does not hurt to have a list of literary clichés handy in order to weed them out of your texts.
Of course, I do not call for throwing out the baby with water, no one has yet canceled the sense of proportion. The main thing is that the text does not consist of ONE platitudes. And if you catch a couple of clichés in your text, think about how you can replace them so that the work is fresh, original and bears the imprint of your personality. So:
LIST OF THE MOST COMMONLY OCCURING STAMPS
Description of the hero/heroine
Femme fatale
- leggy blonde
- blue-eyed blonde
- metropolitan thing
- wasp waist
- swan neck
- marbled white skin
- cold as ice
- long thin fingers
- bottomless eyes
- innocent look
- high heaving chest
- feline graceful
- fluttering heart
- thin as a reed
- a woman of amazing fate
- arms like wings
- sadness in the eyes
- open trusting eyes
- cunning squint of the eye,
- recalcitrant whirlwinds
- tired and kind eyes
- silver gray hair
- strong-willed chin
- ice look
- sobs shook his mighty body
- sensitive soul
- fluttering heart
- caring motherly hands
- overworked calloused hands
- father's stern look
- mean male tear
- mysterious Russian soul
Scene
City on the Neva (Petersburg)
- Foggy Albion (England)
- the shores of foggy Albion
- Moscow golden-domed
- Moscow white stone
- Kyiv, mother of Russian cities
- city of sin and depravity
- New York - a city of contrasts
- suburban town
- provincial hole
Actions
Smash to smithereens
- to cut under a nut,
- drop accusations
- boldly follow the chosen path
- gain long-awaited freedom
- fight bravely until death
- reach the heart
- sleep the sleep of the righteous
- cling to lips (or something else)
Well, and the rest
The night burned out like a candle
- the frost was getting stronger
- fluffy snow falling in large flakes
- the first large drops of rain
- road to the temple
- I want warmth and love
- years, like a horse, rush galloping.
- pain of loss
- tired but happy
- there was silence
- in proud loneliness
- injured innocence.
This list can be continued in the comments. Surely there are still a lot of stamps, so I'm afraid it will be long.
What determines the number of stamps in the text? From the level of erudition, observation and general culture. The abundance of cliches and platitudes betrays an ordinary person with a limited consciousness, not burdened by erudition and intellectual exercises :)
What cures for stamps? Reading GOOD literature and broadening your horizons in general.
However, even with the most laudable intentions, it is unlikely that any of us will be able to completely get rid of stamps, because we have absorbed them and often do not notice.
So let's at least strive for this!
I just found out that I have not yet published this article on the BS. While this article may have been featured in one of our magazines, it may have been written for the Typical Writer. To be honest, I don't remember :D
literary stamp- this is the scourge of any author, both beginner and advanced. But many hardly understand what it is and how to deal with it, and some seriously ask the question "Is it necessary?".
literary stamp- this is a cliché on which novice authors try to build a text, sincerely believing that this is the missing bow that the work lacks so much.
Lit. stamp you can name a phrase or even a sentence that you may come across in the works of different authors writing in different genres.
A literary cliche is like a piece of a puzzle that closes the missing holes, and sometimes expresses the full picture.
And at the same time, the literary stamp is no longer a mysterious "beast" that surprises no one.
This concept can be divided into two types: plot stamp and language. And, in my humble opinion, each type has both its pros and cons.
If we talk about plot cliches, then here the formula was derived a long time ago:
1.
An exceptional personality, a kind of "Byronic hero", different from others by some special qualities or knowledge.
But such an item is difficult to attribute to minuses, because reading about an ordinary person without a king in his head, without conflict with society, with himself, or without special abilities is simply not interesting. In this case, the genre determines the character of the hero and his behavior. If in dystopia a character struggles with the system based on his abilities, then in the fantasy of sword and magic the hero is distinguished by special skills or, conversely, by atypical inability.
Non-genre prose in this matter is not very susceptible to such personality clichés. If we talk about lyrics, then an intangible hero that no one understands can be found in six poems out of ten.
2. Path. The protagonist, stepping over all difficulties, stubbornly strides towards a special Goal, throwing villains along the way or fighting them in a fair fight. How fair the fight is is a moot point, because if the main character is involved in the fight, then we are sure in absentia that he will not die at the very beginning and will definitely live to the end of the story (unless the author, of course, is Martin or his imitator follower).
If the two previous stamps can be attributed to the common ones that can be found in many works, then there are also no less popular clichés. For example, the hero’s reflections before the road to the great Goal (or even the initial refusal and self-doubt: “But how can a little hobbit cope with such a mission?”), falling in love with the main antagonist, the presence of a “wise man” (a caterpillar can also play this role, smoking a hookah), revenge for the dead parents, the salvation of everyone and everything, even if the world was on the verge of death. After that, as a rule, the hero begins to die, but a beautiful maiden or no less wonderful maiden rushes to his chest and fills the entire chest of the almost lifeless with tears, which, perhaps, have a miraculous effect.
Such stamps can be listed endlessly, and it's good when the author sees and understands his mistake. But the question “Is it a mistake?” for many writers it will remain controversial. I think a writer can really enjoy his characters and plot, despite the fact that the characters are exact copies of many others, and a similar plot can be found through a book on a bestseller shelf. The author may have a truly amazing style or deep reflections, let in a florid haze between the lines. And the reader is often stubbornly crammed into his own world and does not want to discover the various facets of literature, demanding from Google the names of books of a certain genre. "A book similar to ..." - at least once each of us began his journey into a new work with these lines. And is it bad? It's up to you to decide.
However, let us return to the discussion of the main thing, namely, the speech stylistic stamp (hereinafter RSS). What is this fruit and what is it eaten with?
In fact, an extra unoriginal clarification that can be easily replaced or thrown away, but the author is sincerely sure that it is so beautiful and literary (often put intuitively).
Such a cliché can also be divided into two types: verbal and stylistic.
If we consider these types in parallel, then a stylistic stamp is a stylistic mistake in the text, which, according to the author and some readers, gives the text a certain beauty. There are a lot of similar errors, I propose to study (remember) some of them:
1 . Paronyms are words that are similar in sound but different in meaning. For example, language-linguistic, equal-equal, provide-present, learn-master and others. Agree that the incorrect use of the above words can lead to an erroneous understanding of the meaning: “Having given the person who entered to others, Mr. X sat down in the chair again” (having given - having given for use, do you feel the irony?).
2 . Tautology - a word, term, definition, repeating in a different form previously written. Very often the use of a noun together with an adjective. "Butter oil" is easy to spot in the text, you might say. Yes, if such words are nearby: “Along with these reasons, he was guided by a number of others. (next to - NEXT)” . It would be more logical to write "Along with these reasons, he was guided by others."
3
. Stringing words in the same case forms that are close to each other. For a clear understanding, I will immediately give an example: “In order to avoid the possibility of danger.” Such chains of words create a monolithic and incomprehensible piece of text. In addition, the authors sometimes make mistakes with the cases themselves. To bring down this web, you can use the unions “to”, “which” or throw out a cumbersome word.
Solution: “To avoid danger”
Not only do the authors sometimes make mistakes with the cases themselves, they also put the same ones side by side. For example,
In order to avoid the possibility of danger ... (not my example).
In order to bring down this web, you can use the unions "to", "which", but do not overdo it, which will also be considered a mistake.
Solution:
To avoid danger...
In general, there are a huge number of stylistic errors that can be safely classified as stamps. But, alas, I have regulations, so let's move on to speech errors.
A speech stamp is a cliche that includes some “fashionable” words, phrases, phrases, images. Perhaps this representative is one of the most serious and dangerous literary clichés. A writer who uses such words cannot develop his own style, create an author's individuality, because he uses phrases that have already entered the history of clichés. For example, “the frost grew stronger”, “jump out like a bullet”, “footsteps resounded”, “going all the way”, “chest heaved high”, “eagle look”, “mysterious Russian soul”, “make eyes”, “fall into hugs", "blonde with blue eyes" and, believe me, many others!
I have already outlined the harm of such label words: the author does not develop his style, while the shelves are overloaded with “literature”, as if written by the same writer. The use of such “phraseological units” is the problem of every novice author, and it cannot be avoided, one must fight. However, it is very convenient for the reader: there is no need to strain your brains, because such clichés evoke familiar images due to their popularity. That is why I dare to call this stamp a literary device (let philologists throw me rotten tomatoes and old slippers) used by the author to establish communication with the reader. The simpler, more accessible and more familiar it is written, the more readers the work will have.
Unfortunately, few people think about the versatility of literature, the duality of meanings, about the possibility of discussing the same scene from different angles. Few people are interested in what exactly the author wanted to convey, and the majority yearns for a “head-on story”. Does it develop contemporary literature? No. Is there any chance to achieve real recognition with such a narrative? No. If the text is built on the above stamps, then your work will be labeled “light reading”, which will never enter the literary annals. However, you can argue.
The literary stamp is a speech phenomenon that exists in the texts of works of literature, where it is mechanically reproduced, replacing what could reflect the creative initiative of the author as an artist of the word, overcoming the resistance of the material, and a participant in the formation of the language of fiction or poetic language.
S.G. Barkhudarov
I'll start with what I liked.
We believe that if you're in the mood to write a fantasy novel, you should take this exam first. Even one single "yes" answer to any of our questions means failure, and you can immediately abandon your "promising" venture.
Spoiler
1. Nothing important happens in the first 50 pages of your work?
2. Your main character comes from a village, but his parents are unknown?
3. The main character is the heir to the throne, but he himself does not suspect it?
4. Is your creation about a young hero who grows up, acquires incredible abilities and finally defeats a super duper bad guy?
5. Does your work tell about a trip to the end of the world in search of an ancient artifact that will save the world?
6. And what about the one who is capable of destroying this very world?
7. The plot of your book revolves around an ancient prophecy about the Chosen One, who will save the world, and with it all the rest, leading the Forces of Good?
8. Is there at least one character in your work who exists solely to suddenly appear and supply the characters with information?
9. Is one of your characters actually a god in disguise?
10. The main, evil, super duper bad guy is secretly the father of the main character?
11. Your world is ruled by a good-natured king who is led by the nose by an evil sorcerer?
12. Does the phrase "forgetful magician" describe at least one of the characters in your novel?
13. And what about the "powerful, but dumb and good-natured warrior"?
14. Isn't there a "wise, mysterious wizard who refuses to completely dedicate the characters to a plan of action in view of some mysterious reasons of his own"?
15. Do women in your work spend a lot of time worrying about their appearance, especially when a man appears nearby?
16. Is at least one woman introduced into the novel only to be kidnapped first and then rescued?
17. Does at least one woman exist in the text only to represent the ideals of feminism?
18. Does the words "clumsy kitchen wench, much better with a frying pan than with a sword" fit at least one woman in the book?
19. And the words "fearless warrior, who is much more suitable for a sword than a frying pan"?
20. Can any character in your book be described as a "severe dwarf"?
21. What about a half-elf torn between his human and elven blood?
22. Haven't you made an elf and a dwarf inseparable friends, just as an original move?
23. Are all characters less than 1.5 meters tall only for comic roles?
24. Are you sure that ships serve only two purposes: fishing and robbery?
25. Do you know when the hay knitter began to be used?
26. On the map you drew for the novel, are there places like the Blasted Lands, the Forest of Terror, the Desert of Despair, or anything that contains the word Doom?
27. The prologue of your work is impossible to understand until you read the whole book ... or maybe even later - not very much?
28. Is this the first book in a planned trilogy?
29. And what about five and ten years?
30. Is your piece thicker than a New York phone book?
31. In the previous book, absolutely nothing happens, but you explain this by the fact that many more books separate you before the denouement?
32. Are you already writing prequels for book series that haven't even started yet?
33. Your name is Robert Jordan, and to get to this point you lied like a mangy dog?
34. Is the story based on an adventure you played in denjen?
35. Are there any characters in your work that have been transferred to the fairy-tale world from the real?
36. Does at least one of your main characters have an apostrophe in their name?
37. Does at least one of the main characters have a name noticeably longer than three syllables?
38. Doesn't it seem strange to you that when describing two characters from the same small, isolated village, you call one "Tim Umber" and the other "Beltuzalantal al" Greenskok "?
39. Orcs, elves, dwarves and halflings live in your world?
40. What about "orkens" or "gnomes"?
41. Is the name of one of your races preceded by the prefix "semi-"?
42. In one part of your work, the characters take a short cut, descending into the ancient mines of the dwarves?
43. Do you write battle scenes after you play them in your favorite RPG?
44. Have you made a description of all your main characters based on the parameters in your favorite RPG?
45. Are you writing this book for Wizards of the Coast?
46. Do the taverns in your work exist only so that the characters have a place to fight?
47. It seems to you that you know everything about feudalism, but in fact it is not so at all?
48. Do the characters spend most of their time traveling back and forth?
49. Can one of your characters tell the others something to help them on their journey, but won't because he doesn't want them to ruin the plan?
50. Do your wizards cast spells that unmistakably read "fireball" or "lightning bolt"?
51. Do you ever use the term "mana" in your work?
52. Do you use the term "scale mail"?
53. And heaven help you, did you use the term "hit points"?
54. Do you know how much gold coins weigh?
55. Are you sure that a horse can gallop all day long?
56. In your work, does anyone: first, fight with enemies for two hours in a row, dressed in plate armor, then ride a horse for another four hours, after which he has the strength to courteously seduce a lustful waitress into bed?
57. Does your character have a magical axe, hammer, spear, or other weapon that returns to him after he throws it?
58. In your book, is anyone pierced through with a scimitar?
59. Is anyone in your book stabbed through despite wearing plate armor?
60. Are you sure that all swords weigh at least five kilograms?
61. Does your hero fall in love with an impregnable beautiful lady, whom, in the end, does he take by storm?
62. Are most of the jokes in your work based on wordplay?
63. Is your hero able to withstand a lot of blows from a fantasy analogue of a ten-kilogram sledgehammer, but is still afraid of a fragile girl with a knife?
64. Are you really sure that a person, as a rule, needs more than one arrow in the chest to die?
65. Do you have any idea that stew takes several hours to cook, and that it cannot be called "not God knows what, but it will do on the road"?
66. In your work, there are nomadic barbarians living in the tundra and jamming one barrel of mead after another?
67. Are you sure mead is just such a funny name for a beer?
68. Are there many different races in your work, each of which has exactly one state, one ruler and one religion?
69. The most disciplined and numerous association of people in your world - the thieves' guild?
70. The main villain executes faithful servants for the smallest offenses?
71. Are you talking about warriors who constantly get into a fight, but drag a bard around with them, who doesn’t know how to fight at all, but plays the lute cool?
72. "Normal" is the official language in your world?
73. All the surroundings in your work are crammed with tombs and crypts that are bursting with all sorts of magical artifacts and that no one has thought of looting over the past few hundred years?
74. Is your work just a short retelling of The Lord of the Rings?
75. Now re-read these points again and answer honestly!!!
ABC for a writer: how to write a book?
Sixteenth Meeting in the Literary Lounge
Plot stamps
From this article you will learn:
Those who closely follow the meetings in the literary drawing room, or actively participate in them, have long guessed what topic of conversation will follow the “plot archetypes” - see. And they will be absolutely right.
If behind the archetypes of heroes, see -, there were stamps of heroes - see, then after parsing the plot archetypes, it would be logical to disassemble plot stamps. And so, let's get started.
Undoubtedly, critics and literary scholars have already delivered their verdict with one voice that the use of plot stamps is a sign of unprofessionalism. The author cannot come up with anything new and steals plots from geniuses! At the same time, critics forget to dig deeper and find out, oh horror, from whom the genius, in turn, "stole" a spectacular plot.
For example, I will give the stamp indicated in the classification - "a representative of a more developed civilization falls in love with a native girl." How many books and films with such a plot have you seen? Thousands. Has it made them less popular? No.
By the way, for some reason, the famous Robinson immediately came to my mind ... And let Friday be a man, but his name was Friday! cool use stamp under its own seasoning, replacing love with friendship and worship ... And so the recipe is simple: we take stamp, adding know-how and…. Get a bestseller!
Why do I advocate the use plot stamps? Probably because I am a psychologist by profession. And any person familiar with psychology knows that the shortest way to the reader's heart lies ... now I will tell you a terrible secret ... And so, we will get the emotions we need if we use the already painfully familiar reader plot.
Surprised? And there is nothing unnatural in this. Imagine being told about the vile behavior of a bad mother... How do you feel? Anger, condemnation, irritation, pressed against the children ...
It turns out that Shakespeare brazenly used stamp to make you approve of Hamlet's deeds, although he is an obvious killer! But after all, Hamlet, killing, took revenge. And his revenge was caused by the inappropriate behavior of his mother!
And if Shakespeare allowed himself such "liberties", then who will forbid you? Therefore, listing the most used plot stamps- savor them with me. What "goodies" can be prepared from them! Especially considering that the reader, having sensed the “taste” familiar from childhood, will know in advance that he will enjoy your work.
Just one word of caution: take stamp as a basis, this does not mean rewriting "Hamlet" verbatim. Strain your brains and transfer Hamlet to our time, he will be extremely relevant for lovers of bloody showdowns - a bunch of corpses and mysteries!
And do not forget to rename him at least George!
And now - The most common plot stamps
A heavenly creature falls to earth and falls in love with a mortal/mortal. Alternative option: a representative of a more advanced civilization falls in love with a native girl.
Everyone is chasing some kind of military secret or a magic shovel that rakes in money. The gizmo can change the course of history.
The main character is transferred to a parallel world and there becomes a god, king, hero or wizard.
The apocalypse has come, people live in dungeons and fight against mutants.
The girl marries a foreigner. Acquaintance, ordeals at embassies and long-awaited love - everything is based on true events.
The hero is offered to take up the case (solve a crime, go on a trip, etc.), he initially refuses, but then, on reflection, agrees.
The hero takes revenge for the dead parents.
The hero or heroine falls in love with the villain/villainess, although he understands that this may cost his life.
The hero goes for advice to the sage, and he solves his problems.
The hero not only copes with enemies, but receives love and half the kingdom in addition.
Decisive duel between hero and villain.
The hero is on the verge of death, but then a true friend appears and saves him.
The "please don't die" scene followed by animation.
Large-scale atrocities and rescues: the antagonist dreams of destroying the universe, the hero saves it.
The hero secretly enters the villain's lair and learns important information.
At a crucial moment, the best friend betrays the protagonist.
And for the finale, a small gift to those who courageously read the article to the end. Working on plot, it is very difficult to come up with a spectacular twist in the storyline. Use these stamps, like transitions, and it will be impossible to tear yourself away from your book.
Creative success, and do not forget to subscribe to the news of the Literary Living Room.
See you soon, Elena Polyarnaya.
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Everyone now seems to think they can create their own great and original fantasy work.
The trouble is that all these "great and original" creations actually turn out to be pathetic imitations. To be honest, we're getting so sick of them already that we've created this list of short comments that can be used for exams. We believe that if you're in the mood to write a fantasy novel, you should take this exam first. Even one single “yes” answer to any of our questions means failure, and you can immediately abandon your “promising” venture.
EXAM
1. Nothing important happens in the first 50 pages of your work?
2. Your main character comes from a village, but his parents are unknown?
3. The main character is the heir to the throne, but he himself does not suspect it?
4. Is your creation about a young hero who grows up, acquires incredible abilities and finally defeats a super duper bad guy?
5. Does your work tell about a trip to the end of the world in search of an ancient artifact that will save the world?
6. Is there someone in your book who is capable of destroying this world?
7. The plot of your book revolves around an ancient prophecy about the Chosen One, who will save the world, and with it all the rest, leading the Forces of Good?
8. Is there at least one character in your work who exists solely to suddenly appear and supply the characters with information?
9. Is one of your characters actually a god in disguise?
10. The main, evil, super duper bad guy is secretly the father of the main character?
11. Your world is ruled by a good-natured king who is led by the nose by an evil sorcerer?
12. Does the phrase "forgetful magician" describe at least one of the characters in your novel?
13. Do you have in the book the type of "powerful, but stupid and good-natured warrior"?
14. Isn't there a "wise, mysterious wizard who refuses to completely dedicate the characters to a plan of action in view of some mysterious reasons of his own"?
15. Do women in your work spend a lot of time worrying about their appearance, especially when a man appears nearby?
16. Is at least one woman introduced into the novel only to be kidnapped first and then rescued?
17. Does at least one woman exist in the text only to represent the ideals of feminism?
18. Does the words “clumsy kitchen wench, much better with a frying pan than with a sword” fit at least one woman in the book?
19. And the words "fearless warrior, who is much more suitable for a sword than a frying pan"?
20. Can any character in your book be described as a "hard dwarf"?
21. What about a half-elf torn between his human and elven blood?
22. Haven't you made an elf and a dwarf inseparable friends, just as an original move?
23. Are all characters less than 1.5 meters tall only for comic roles?
24. Are you sure that ships serve only two purposes: fishing and robbery?
25. Do you know when the hay knitter began to be used?
26. On the map you drew for the novel, are there places like the Blasted Lands, the Forest of Terror, the Desert of Despair, or anything that contains the word Doom?
27. The prologue of your work is impossible to understand until you read the whole book ... or maybe even then - not very much?
28. Is this the first book in a planned trilogy?
29. And what about five and ten years?
30. Is your piece thicker than a New York phone book?
31. In the previous book, absolutely nothing happens, but you explain this by the fact that many more books separate you before the denouement?
32. Are you already writing prequels for book series that haven't even started yet?
33. Your name is Robert Jordan, and to get to this point you lied like a mangy dog?
34. Is the story based on an adventure you played in denjen?
35. Are there any characters in your work that have been transferred to the fairy-tale world from the real?
36. Does at least one of your main characters have an apostrophe in their name?
37. Does at least one of the main characters have a name noticeably longer than three syllables?
38. Doesn't it seem strange to you that when describing two characters from the same small, isolated village, you call one "Tim Umber" and the other "Beltuzalantal al'Grinskok"?
39. Orcs, elves, dwarves and halflings live in your world?
40. What about “orkens” or “gnomes”?
41. Is the name of one of your races preceded by the prefix "semi-"?
42. In one part of your work, the characters take a short cut, descending into the ancient mines of the dwarves?
43. Do you write battle scenes after you play them in your favorite RPG?
44. Have you made a description of all your main characters based on the parameters in your favorite RPG?
45. Are you writing this book for Wizards of the Coast?
46. Do the taverns in your work exist only so that the characters have a place to fight?
47. Do you think that you know everything about feudalism, but in fact it is not so at all?
48. Do the characters spend most of their time traveling back and forth?
49. Can one of your characters tell the others something to help them on their journey, but won't because he doesn't want them to ruin the plan?
50. Do your wizards cast spells that unmistakably read "fireball" or "lightning bolt"?
51. Do you use the term "mana" at least once in your work?
52. Do you use the term "scale mail"?
53. And Heaven help you, did you use the term "hit points"?
54. Do you know how much gold coins weigh?
55. Are you sure that a horse can gallop all day long?
56. In your work, does anyone first fight with enemies for two hours in a row, dressed in plate armor, then ride a horse for another four hours, after which he has the strength to courteously seduce a lustful waitress into bed?
57. Does your character have a magical axe, hammer, spear, or other weapon that returns to him after he throws it?
58. In your book, is anyone pierced through with a scimitar?
59. Is anyone in your book stabbed through despite wearing plate armor?
60. Are you sure that all swords weigh at least five kilograms?
61. Does your hero fall in love with an impregnable beautiful lady, whom, in the end, does he take by storm?
62. Are most of the jokes in your work based on wordplay?
63. Is your hero able to withstand a lot of blows from a fantasy analogue of a ten-kilogram sledgehammer, but is still afraid of a fragile girl with a knife?
64. Are you really sure that a person, as a rule, needs more than one arrow in the chest to die?
65. Do you have any idea that the stew takes several hours to cook, and that it cannot be called “not God knows what, but it will do on the road”?
66. In your work, there are nomadic barbarians living in the tundra and jamming one barrel of mead after another?
67. Are you sure mead is just such a funny name for a beer?
68. Are there many different races in your work, each of which has exactly one state, one ruler and one religion?
69. The most disciplined and numerous association of people in your world is the thieves' guild?
70. The main villain executes faithful servants for the smallest offenses?
71. Are you talking about warriors who constantly get into a fight, but drag a bard around with them, who doesn’t know how to fight at all, but plays the lute cool?
72. Is “ordinary” an official language in your world?
73. All the surroundings in your work are crammed with tombs and crypts that are bursting with all sorts of magical artifacts and that no one has thought of looting over the past few hundred years?
74. Is your work just a short retelling of The Lord of the Rings?
75. Now re-read these points again and answer honestly!!!
