P.8. move, maneuver

10.07.2019

Paragraph 8 of the SDA is included in the theoretical part of the exam at a driving school and regulates the start of movement, maneuvering at intersections.

Clause 8.1 of the SDA Before starting to move, turn around, turn or change lanes, as well as stop, the driver is obliged to give signals with light direction indicators, by hand to the rest of the traffic participants.

In the event of a malfunction or lack of light indicators, give a warning with your hand. The latter applies to motorcycle and moped drivers. The maneuver must not become a hindrance or a source of danger to the movement of other vehicles, pedestrians or cyclists.

Maneuvering signals given by hand

1, turn left or U-turn- the left arm is extended to the side, or the right arm is also extended to the side and bent upward at the elbow at a right angle

2. The left arm is extended to the side and bent upward at a right angle at the elbow, or the right arm is extended to the side - such a hand signal given by the motorcyclist informs you that he is going to turn right.

3. Raised up one of the hands- such a hand signal given by the driver of a car informs you about braking.

Clause 8.2 of the SDA When should turn signals be turned on? The rules oblige the driver to give a turn signal with his hand or indicators until the moment a maneuver is made.

Clause 8.3 of the SDA When leaving the adjacent territory (parking or parking inside the yard), the driver of the vehicle is obliged to give way to all traffic participants moving along this section of the road, whether they are drivers or pedestrians.

When leaving the road lane, give way to those vehicles and pedestrians whose direction of movement you need to cross.

Clause 8.4 of the traffic rules of the Russian Federation Rebuilding rules. During the rebuilding, the car owner is obliged to give way to all vehicles that are moving in the same direction and are not going to change it.

If the rebuilding is carried out by several vehicles at the same time (mutual rebuilding), the driver (located on the left) must give way to the driver who is on his right hand.

Clause 8.5 of the traffic rules of the Russian Federation Before making turns in any direction or a U-turn, the driver should rebuild his vehicle in advance to the extreme lane in the direction of traffic.

rebuilding

Circular motion

An exception is a situation in which it is necessary to enter an intersection with the organization of a roundabout. In this case:

Roundabout entrance carried out from any lane;
Departure from a section of the road with ring traffic produced only from the extreme right lane.

Maneuvering on the road with tram tracks

If there are tram tracks on the left side, along which a passing direction is carried out, and they are on the same level with the main road, then a U-turn and a left turn are performed from them.

SDA obliges to make a turn and a U-turn from the tram tracks

Turning and U-turn from tram tracks is prohibited by sign 5.15.1

The restriction on this maneuver is introduced by signs 5.15.1 or 5.15.2, as well as using markings 1.18. Naturally, tram interference should not be created.

Paragraph 8.6 of the SDA When making a turn, it is necessary to make sure that the vehicle is not in the oncoming lane after maneuvering at intersections. If there is a turn to the right, then the movement should be carried out as close as possible to the right side of the road.

Proper Maneuvering

Wrong maneuvering

Paragraph 8.7 of the SDA When the dimensions of the vehicle do not allow a U-turn according to Rule 8.5, according to the SDA, such vehicles are allowed to deviate from this rule and make such a turn, U-turn, but ensuring the safety of other road users.

Paragraph 8.8 of the SDA If a U-turn or a left turn is made outside the intersection, then the driver of the car must give way to those vehicles that are moving towards, as well as to the passing tram.

In the case when the width of the road is not enough to carry out a maneuver according to the rules (from the left extreme position), it can be carried out from the right side of the road or in another way from the right edge of the road lane. In this case, the driver is required to give way to both oncoming traffic participants and passing ones. This rule applies, for example, to large trucks.

Clause 8.9 of the SDA If it turns out that the trajectories of the movement of different vehicles intersect, despite the fact that traffic rules do not prescribe a certain order, the driver must clear the track, in relation to which the approaching vehicle is on the right hand (the principle of traffic rules "Interference on the right").

Paragraph 8.10 of the SDA When there is a braking lane, the driver who wants to make a turn must change lanes in advance to the specified lane and reduce the speed on it.

If at the entrance to the road there is an accelerating lane, then the driver should move along it, and also change lanes in a timely manner to the adjacent lane. The road gives way to those vehicles that are moving along this road.

Clause 8.11 of the SDA U-turn is prohibited in the following cases:

in tunnels;
in areas where the visibility of the road is less than 100 meters in at least one direction of travel;
at railway crossings;
on overpasses, bridges, overpasses, as well as under the indicated objects;
in the stopping area of route vehicles;
in the area of pedestrian crossings.

Paragraph 8.12 of the SDA Movement of vehicles in reverse is allowed if the maneuver does not endanger other road users and does not interfere with them. If necessary, the driver should ask for help from other persons.

Movement of vehicles in reverse is prohibited, where paragraph 8.11 of the SDA prohibits a U-turn.

Violation of these rules is punishable by fines under the relevant articles of the Code of Administrative Offenses. For example, for improper maneuvering in parking lots. In particular, if reversing has interfered with other road users.

As for the nuances of maneuvering, an example would be an emergency stop. It must be carried out on the right side of the road, while turning on emergency signal lights and putting up an emergency stop sign, especially if visibility does not allow other road users to see the vehicle from afar.

Video lesson: the beginning of the movement maneuvering traffic rules

8. START OF MOVEMENT, MANEUVERING

Before starting to move, changing lanes, turning (turning) and stopping, the driver is obliged to give signals with light indicators for the direction of the corresponding direction, and if they are absent or faulty, by hand. At the same time, the maneuver must be safe and not interfere with other road users.

The signal of a left turn (reversal) corresponds to the left arm extended to the side or the right arm extended to the side and bent at the elbow at a right angle upwards. The right turn signal corresponds to the right arm extended to the side or the left arm extended to the side and bent at the elbow at a right angle upwards.

The brake signal is given by the left or right hand raised up.

Reader A: At this point, I counted five cases when the driver must give information about his intentions: before starting to move, changing lanes, turning, turning around and stopping.

Reader B: A. when overtaking? Why is he not mentioned here?

Reader A: It is clear that before leaving the occupied lane, we turn on the left turn signal. After rebuilding to the left, turn off. Then, before returning to the previous lane, we turn on the right turn signal, which we turn off when we complete the overtaking.

Reader B: Is it worth turning on the direction indicators before starting to move or when maneuvering if there are no more cars on the road except ours?

Reader B: Apparently, giving signals before starting to move and when maneuvering is an important thing. It is no coincidence that the Rules oblige, in the event of a malfunction of the light direction indicators or their absence, to give these signals by hand.

Reader A: I easily remembered them. However, when turning or turning, will it be possible to turn the steering wheel with one hand and give a signal with the other?

Reader A: Then it's all right.

Signaling by direction indicators or by hand should be carried out in advance of the start of the maneuver and stop immediately after its completion (hand signaling can be completed immediately before the maneuver is performed). At the same time, the signal should not mislead other road users.

Giving a signal does not give the driver an advantage and does not relieve him from taking precautionary measures.

Reader A: This paragraph says that the signal must be given in advance. What does it mean?

The rules do not specify at what point a turn signal should be turned on or a hand signal should be given. In advance - this is so that all other participants in the movement have time to react. It is possible to give such signals in populated areas 4–5 seconds in advance, and outside populated areas 7–8 seconds before the start of the maneuver. Although in each case this time is individual.

It is no coincidence that the Rules introduced the following restriction: the signal should not mislead other road users.

Reader B: And how is this to be understood?

Take a look at fig. 102. If the driver of a car needs to turn right at the intersection, then in position 1 - turn on the direction indicator prematurely. This can confuse pedestrians and the driver of a car leaving the yard, as well as driving behind. Turn on the direction indicator only after passing the entrance to the yard (position 2).

Reader A: Should the turn signal be turned off or hand signaled if the road itself is turning and there are no intersections or other exits from it?

I want to give you an example of a traffic accident described in the magazine "Behind the wheel". It happened during heavy fog in the suburbs outside the village of Molodi, where the highway turns sharply to the left. In the ditch were "Zhiguli" with St. Petersburg numbers. It turned out that the driver was driving on an unfamiliar road for the first time. In this situation, he chose to follow the local driver of the Moskvich and had already been driving for several kilometers at a speed of 40–45 km/h, guided by the rear lights of the vehicle in front.

At one point, the Moskvich's left flasher lit up and it began to shift to the left. “Probably turning onto a side road,” thought the Petersburger and continued to move straight. When I saw the ditch, it was already too late. Obviously, the Moskvich driver wanted to warn the person following him about turning the road to the left, but this is what actually happened ...

Reader A: Now it is clear that if the road turns, and there are no alternative directions of movement, then turn indicators should not be turned on.

Reader A: So it seems that when the steering wheel is rotated in reverse, the turn signal light turns off automatically?

Remember that giving a signal does not give you an advantage or exempt you from taking precautions.

Reader B: This is combined with the second sentence of paragraph 8.1 of the rules.

Reader A: That is, if the driver, starting a movement or maneuvering, violates the rules and commits an incident, then his explanations that he turned on the flasher at the same time do not relieve guilt.

1. When driving in your lane and do not intend to leave it, never turn on your turn signal, even if the road itself is turning.

2. If you have to maneuver associated with the choice of one of the two possible trajectories, then turn on the left turn signal when moving along the left trajectory and the right one when moving along the right trajectory, regardless of the upcoming direction of rotation of the steering wheel.

3. The included turn signal should signal that the maneuver will be performed at the nearest intersection. Therefore, when driving through complex intersections or closely located carriageways, choose the right place where you need to give a turn signal, and also make sure that it is turned off in a timely manner.

4. Do not forget to give a turn signal before maneuvering, not only forward, but also in reverse.

5. Be sure to signal a change of direction not only on the roads, but also in courtyards and other adjacent areas.

When entering the road from the adjacent territory, the driver must give way to vehicles and pedestrians moving along it (Fig. 103), and at the exit from the road - to pedestrians and cyclists whose path it crosses(Fig. 104).

When rebuilding, the driver must give way to vehicles moving along the same way without changing direction. When simultaneously rebuilding vehicles moving along the way, the driver must give way to the vehicle on the right.

Reader B: So, if I change lanes, and others go straight, then I must give way.

Reader A: That is, in the case of simultaneous rebuilding, we are inferior with interference from the right.

Reader B: If we assume that during the simultaneous rebuilding the cars will collide, then the driver of the car whose starboard side will be dented will be the violator of the Rules?

Before turning right, left or U-turn, the driver is obliged to take the appropriate extreme position in advance on the carriageway intended for movement in this direction, except when making a turn at the entrance to an intersection where a roundabout is organized.

If there are tram tracks on the left in the same direction, located on the same level with the carriageway, a left turn and a U-turn must be performed from them, unless signs 5.15.1 or 5.15.2 or marking 1.18 prescribe a different order of movement. This should not interfere with the tram.

Reader A: It is clear that in order to turn right, you need to take the extreme right position on the carriageway of your direction, in order to turn left or turn around - the extreme left (Fig. 107).

This, perhaps, can be called the "rule of rows".

But again I am confused by the word “in advance”, this time found in paragraph 8.5. How is it to be understood here?

Reader B: In the same paragraph of the Rules it is said that when entering a roundabout, it is not required to occupy any extreme position on the road.

Reader B: That is, in this case, the “row rule” does not work.

Reader A: And anything other than a circular motion can cancel the row rule? I have seen that at some non-roundabouts, drivers do not always turn from the end position.

Reader B: Therefore, if such signs are installed in front of the intersection, then we obey only them, if not, the row rule, that is, before turning or turning around, we occupy the corresponding extreme position on the carriageway of our direction.

Reader A: I got it. If you need to turn left or turn around, and there are tram tracks on the left, then we rebuild on them, naturally without interfering with the tram, and perform our maneuver from them (Fig. 110).

Reader B: And if signs 5.15.1 or 5.15.2 are installed on the road with tram tracks in front of the intersection, or marking arrows 1.18 are shown on the asphalt?

Then you will turn left or turn around without leaving the tram tracks (Fig. 111). And do not forget to give way to the tram (clauses 13.6 and 13.11 of the Rules). By the way, please note that signs 5.15.1 and 5.15.2 (marking 1.18), which allow a left turn from the leftmost lane, also allow a U-turn from this lane (Appendix 1).

The turn should be carried out in such a way that when leaving the intersection of the carriageway, the vehicle does not end up on the side of oncoming traffic.

When turning right, the vehicle should move as close as possible to the right edge of the carriageway.

Reader A: This means that if on the road we are turning onto, several lanes are intended for movement in the opposite direction, then you can enter any one, the main thing is not to end up in the opposite lane.

You're right. When turning, you must not occupy the lanes of the opposite direction. It is more convenient to turn from the right lane to the right, from the left to the left. It is no coincidence that the Rules recommended that when turning right, move as close as possible to the right edge of the carriageway (Fig. 112), and in the case of turning onto a road with reverse traffic, they even obliged (clause 9.8 of the Rules).

Reader B: Why didn't the Rules specifically specify how to turn left?

If the vehicle, due to its size or for other reasons, cannot make a turn in compliance with the requirements of paragraph 8.5. of the Rules, it is allowed to deviate from them, provided that traffic safety is ensured and if this does not interfere with other vehicles.

Reader A: I have seen more than once how large vehicles turn. They turn along the trajectory shown in Fig. 113.

However, in such situations, other drivers must be very careful and remember that the rear, most often unsteered, wheels of such vehicles are shifted to the center of the turn. Therefore, drivers of road trains, in order to fit into the turn, are forced to travel to neighboring lanes. Look at fig. 113 shows the tracks left by the front and rear wheels of large machines.

Reader B: Everything is clear, the rear wheels are really shifted to the center of the turn. Therefore, it is impossible to move simultaneously with such transport from the inside of the turn, its rear wheels will move there.

When turning left or making a U-turn outside the intersection, the driver of a trackless vehicle is obliged to give way to oncoming vehicles and a tram in the same direction (Fig. 114).

If, when turning outside the intersection, the width of the carriageway is insufficient to perform the maneuver from the extreme left position, it is allowed to perform it from the right edge of the carriageway (from the right shoulder). In this case, the driver must give way to passing and oncoming vehicles.

Reader B: We already know that before turning left or turning around, you need to take the extreme left position on the carriageway of the passing direction.

Reader A: The paragraph of the Rules under consideration obliges before such maneuvers outside the intersection to yield to vehicles whose path we are crossing. That is, skip all oncoming traffic and the tram of the same direction.

Right. However, if the driver, due to the dimensions of the vehicle, cannot make a U-turn from the extreme left position, then it is allowed to turn around from the right edge of the carriageway (from the right side of the road) (Fig. 115).

Reader B: Therefore, it is impossible to turn around from the middle of the roadway. And why? It is possible that in this case there will be enough room for a turn.

Reader A: Now it is clear. If we have taken the extreme left position, then passing cars will pass us on the right without interference, if the extreme right, then on the left.

In cases where the trajectories of vehicles intersect, and the order of passage is not specified by the Rules, the driver must give way to whom the vehicle is approaching from the right.

This provision of the Rules allows drivers of vehicles whose trajectories intersect or coincide in yards, parking lots, clearings, etc., to determine the order of passage (Fig. 116).

Reader A: And again, as in the implementation of the second law of rebuilding, we act according to the “right hand” rule. The one with the obstacle on the right gives way.

If there is a deceleration lane, the driver who intends to turn must change lanes in a timely manner and slow down only on it.

If there is an acceleration lane at the entrance to the road, the driver must move along it and change lanes to the adjacent lane, giving way to vehicles moving along this road.

Reader B: So, if I want to turn off such a road to the right, then I can’t slow down in the general flow so as not to reduce its speed. It is necessary to change lanes to the deceleration lane and on it, without interfering with anyone, reduce speed (Fig. 117).

U-turn is prohibited:

at pedestrian crossings;

in tunnels;

on bridges, viaducts, overpasses and under them;

at railway crossings;

in places where the visibility of the road in at least one direction is less than 100 m;

at the stopping points.

Reader B: I understood that in these places such a maneuver is dangerous.

Reader A: And what, is it possible to always turn around in other places?

Of course not. You can not turn around on the road in those places where markings 1.1, 1.3, 1.9 are applied on the roadway, or if you are on the side of a solid marking line 1.11. There are also signs that do not allow you to turn around. Remember: 3.18.2, 3.19, 4.1.1, 4.1.2, 4.1.4, 5.1, 5.5, 5.11. Signs 5.15.1 and 5.15.2 may prohibit turning. It is also not allowed to turn your vehicle around after turning in the direction of the arrows in signs 5.7.1, 5.7.2, 5.13.1 and 5.13.2.

Reader A: Then the traffic lights, those that have arrows on all lenses, can also prohibit a U-turn.

The movement of the vehicle in reverse is permitted provided that this maneuver is safe and does not interfere with other road users. If necessary, the driver must enlist the assistance of other persons. Reversing is prohibited at intersections and in places where a U-turn is prohibited in accordance with paragraph 8.11 of the Rules.

Therefore, if the driver himself is not able to ensure the safety of reversing, it is necessary to resort to the help of other persons. Just be careful and immediately put your assistants in a safe place.

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Chapter 9. Maneuvering 56. Before starting to move, changing lanes, turning left or right, turning around and stopping, the driver must give a signal with light indicators for the direction of the corresponding direction, and if they are absent or faulty, or

8.1. Before starting to move, changing lanes, turning (turning) and stopping, the driver is obliged to give signals with light indicators for the direction of the corresponding direction, and if they are absent or faulty, by hand. When performing a maneuver, there should not be a danger to traffic, as well as obstacles to other road users.

8.2. Signaling by direction indicators or by hand should be carried out in advance of the start of the maneuver and stop immediately after its completion (hand signaling can be completed immediately before the maneuver is performed). At the same time, the signal should not mislead other road users.

Giving a signal does not give the driver an advantage and does not relieve him from taking precautionary measures.

8.3. When entering the road from the adjacent territory, the driver must give way to vehicles and pedestrians moving along it, and when leaving the road, to pedestrians and cyclists whose path he crosses.

8.4. When rebuilding, the driver must give way to vehicles moving along the same way without changing direction. When simultaneously rebuilding vehicles moving along the way, the driver must give way to the vehicle on the right.

8.5. Before turning right, left or U-turn, the driver is obliged to take the appropriate extreme position in advance on the carriageway intended for movement in this direction, except when making a turn at the entrance to an intersection where a roundabout is organized.

8.6. The turn should be carried out in such a way that when leaving the intersection of the carriageway, the vehicle does not end up on the side of oncoming traffic.

When turning right, the vehicle should move as close as possible to the right edge of the carriageway.

8.7. If the vehicle, due to its size or for other reasons, cannot make a turn in compliance with the requirements of paragraph 8.5 of the Rules, it is allowed to retreat from them, provided that traffic is safe and if this does not interfere with other vehicles.

8.8. When turning left or making a U-turn outside the intersection, the driver of a trackless vehicle is obliged to give way to oncoming vehicles and a tram of the same direction.

8.9. In cases where the trajectories of vehicles intersect, and the order of passage is not specified by the Rules, the driver must give way to whom the vehicle is approaching from the right.

8.10. If there is a deceleration lane, the driver who intends to turn must change lanes in a timely manner and slow down only on it.

If there is an acceleration lane at the entrance to the road, the driver must move along it and change lanes to the adjacent lane, giving way to vehicles moving along this road.

8.11. U-turn is prohibited:

at pedestrian crossings;

in tunnels;

on bridges, viaducts, overpasses and under them;

at railway crossings;

in places where the visibility of the road in at least one direction is less than 100 m;

at the stops of route vehicles.

8.12. The movement of the vehicle in reverse is permitted provided that this maneuver is safe and does not interfere with other road users. If necessary, the driver must enlist the assistance of other persons.

Reversing is prohibited at intersections and in places where a U-turn is prohibited in accordance with paragraph 8.11 of the Rules.

Giving a signal does not give the driver an advantage and does not relieve him from taking precautionary measures.

8.6. The turn should be carried out in such a way that when leaving the intersection of the carriageway, the vehicle does not end up on the side of oncoming traffic.

When turning right, the vehicle should move as close as possible to the right edge of the carriageway.

8.8. When turning left or making a U-turn outside the intersection, the driver of a trackless vehicle is obliged to give way to oncoming vehicles and a tram of the same direction.