Explaining the meaning of The Inspector General, N.V. Gogol pointed to the role of laughter: “I am sorry that no one noticed the honest face that was in my play. Yes, there was one honest, noble face that acted in it throughout its entire duration. That honest, noble face was laughter.”
A close friend of N.V. Gogol, wrote that modern Russian life does not provide material for comedy. To which Gogol replied: “Comedy lies everywhere ... Living among it, we do not see it ... but if the artist transfers it to art, to the stage, then we ourselves will wallow with laughter.”
The object of satire by N.V. Gogol is modern life itself in its comically ugly manifestations. Already at the heart of the plot itself is a comedic discrepancy: a person is taken not for who he really is. But the author solves this situation in a new way: Khlestakov does not pretend to be anyone. The unintentionality of Khlestakov's actions confused everyone, and his sincerity deceived the officials and the mayor, who himself "deceived scammers from scammers." What is happening and revealed the truly ugly and funny face of people, caused laughter at them. It was laughter through tears—angry laughter through tears of bitterness and indignation. The author laughs not at specific individuals, but at the vices of Russian reality, not without reason at the end he is thrown into a laughing hall: “You are laughing at yourself.”
It becomes both funny and bitter when we read about the order in a county town: “geese with goslings” dart in government places, and the assessor always smells of vodka; what demoniac teachers teach at the school; the healer Khristian Ivanovich does not know a single word of Russian; letters are opened at the post office to satisfy the curiosity of the postmaster, and the police “for order” put everyone in a row, and so on.
It was such a satirical image that allowed N.V. Gogol to clearly express his indignation at administrative arbitrariness and predation, petty self-serving characters of people in power.
But there are quite a few simply funny comic situations in the play. For example, the hasty orders of the mayor: “Let everyone take it in their hands along the street ...”, or the remark “Instead of a hat, he puts on a paper case”, etc. Khlestakov is absurd and ridiculous, screaming in fear and banging his fist on the table: “Yes, what right do you have ?… I’m going straight to the minister!” And how “magnificent” he is in the scene of lies, having made a dizzying career in a few minutes from a copyist of papers to a field marshal.
All this makes the play lively, authentic and helps the reader and viewer to cleanse their souls with the help of laughter, because, denouncing all the evil, the writer believes in the triumph of justice, which will win.
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You are now reading: “Laughter is a noble face” in N. V. Gogol’s comedy “The Government Inspector”
Literature lesson in grade 8
“Laughter is the honest and noble face of N.V. Gogol’s comedy The Government Inspector”
Prepared
Teacher Storonenko N.V.
Rostov-on-Don
Lesson objectives for the teacher:
Develop the skills and abilities of literary text analysis.
Develop students' creativity.
Help students learn a moral lesson.
Lesson objectives for students:
Planned results:
Personal:
Improving the spiritual and moral qualities of the individual;
The ability to determine the moral values of comedy;
- the ability to reasonably choose their own life foundations from the standpoint of their value to people.
Metasubject:
-Cognitive: expanding students' understanding of the complexity and painstaking work of writing; education of a thinking person and reader; the formation of the ability to think critically, analyze, evaluate what has been read.
- Regulatory: performance of tasks in accordance with the task; the ability to independently organize their own activities in solving the tasks set in the lesson; the ability to work with different sources of information, find it, analyze and use it in their activities.
- Communicative: formation of the ability to express one's thoughts in a value judgment; build a monologue demonstrative statement; respect other people's opinions; manifestation of mutual assistance; ability to work in groups.
subject: the ability to analyze the work; possession of literary terminology, various forms of creative work.
Introduction to the spiritual and moral values of Russian classical literature; formation of one's own attitude to the work; understanding of the author's position and his attitude to it; develop the ability to express their thoughts, evaluate the actions of heroes.
Meaningful reading and adequate reading comprehension; the ability to answer questions on the text read; create oral monologues, the ability to conduct a dialogue.
Forms of work in the lesson: frontal, group, individual.
Type of lesson by form: dialogic.
Type of lesson by content: search and research.
Lesson layout:
Poster drawn by students.
Computer installation (showing a presentation for N.V. Gogol's comedy "The Government Inspector").
During the classes.
Lesson topic: “Laughter is the honest and noble face of N.V. Gogol’s comedy The Inspector General.
Guys, highlight the keyword in the title of the topic.
- (Laugh). Quite right.
Try to formulate the goals and objectives of our lesson.
Lesson Objectives :
Learn to analyze literary text.
2. See what moral lessons we can learn from this work
Lesson objectives:
Summarize the material on the play by N.V. Gogol's "Inspector".
Identify positive and negative characters of the play.
Understand the originality of Gogol's laughter.
Teacher: (slide "Portrait of Gogol")
Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol entered Russian literature as a satirist writer. He had a talent for noticing the funny, the ridiculous, the stupid, and transforming himself into the heroes of his mischievous jokes. He was destined to become a great comedian.
Fate brought him together with the most interesting writers and artists, and A. S. Pushkin became his very first friend and inspiration (slide "Portrait of Pushkin").
What do we know about the history of comedy?
(The idea of the comedy was suggested to Gogol by Pushkin. He told him “purely
Russian joke. In 1833, in Nizhny Novgorod, he was taken for
auditor. And he also told how one of his acquaintances pretended to be in
Bessarabia for an important Petersburg official. This story is so
attracted Gogol that he was immediately ignited with the idea of writing The Government Inspector. And in 1835 the comedy was written.)
teacher's word (slide "Words of Gogol") When Gogol was working on a comedy, he set himself the goal: “In The Government Inspector, I decided to put together everything that was bad in Russia, which I then knew, all the injustices that are done in those cases where justice is most required of a person, and laugh at everyone at once."
And now, leafing through the pages of the comedy, let's see what the author laughed at, what is the originality of Gogol's laughter, can it be argued that laughter is the positive face of comedy?
Work on the text.
slide "City")
- Name the scene of the comedy.
(A provincial town, from which “if you ride for three years, you won’t reach any border.”)
Why doesn't the city have a name?
(In a small town, typical features of the social system are collected. Gogol wanted to show that the orders that reign in the city occur everywhere. The object of Gogol's satire is modern life itself in its comical ugly manifestations.
(slide "Auditor is coming to us")
The comedy begins with the phrase:
"The inspector is coming to us."
How do officials learn about the arrival of the auditor?
(From a letter to the mayor).
What's funny about this scene?
(The mayor is in a hurry to read the letter. And it looks ridiculous. The letter already sounds the revelation of the mayor: “Since I know that you, like everyone, have sins, because you are a smart person and do not like to miss what floats in your hands ... "
What is the reaction of the officials to the letter?
(The officials got alarmed and are trying to find the reason for this. Yavl.1 Luka Lukich: “Why, why is this? Why is the auditor coming to us?
Phenomenon 1. Ammos Fed. : “I think there is a subtle and big political reason.
Russia wants to wage war...
Phenomenon 2. Postmaster: "And what, I think, there will be a war with the Turks."
What instructions does the mayor give to officials?
God bless the trustee. institutions Artemy Phil. Strawberry,- change caps
treat the sick, write a case history, eliminate the dirt, the smell of cabbage.
Judge, Ammos Fedorovich Lyapkin-Tyap.- in the front, remove the geese, the hunting rapnik, the assessor, the drunkard.
Superintendent of educational institutions, Luka Lukic Khlopov- put things in order
teachers.
Postmaster, Ivan Kuzmich Shpekin Do not open or read other people's letters.
What is Gogol laughing at from the first pages?
(Above the ignorance of officials, the absurdity of their judgments, which expose themselves).
The ugly rule of the bureaucratic police authorities, their desire to hide shortcomings, fear of punishment make the audience laugh.
(slide "Bobchinsky and Dobchinsky")
Gogol reinforces the comedic situation by showing us the scene of the announcement of the news about the arrival of the auditor by Dobchinsky and Bobchinsky (fig. 3), as well as the order of the mayor (fig. 5.)
How does Gogol laugh at the landowners and the mayor?
(He laughs at Bobchinsky and Dobchinsky at ease, cheerfully, mischievously,
They mistook a man in a particular dress for an auditor, ”who does not pay for accommodation and meals, and besides, he is from St. Petersburg. He mocks the mayor rather than just laughs, because behind his excitement is a picture of the egregious state of the city. “Let the quarterly Pugovitsyn stand on the bridge for landscaping ... hastily scatter the old fence and put up a straw milestone ...”. The remark "puts on a box instead of a hat" is characteristic.)
What is the name of a cheerful, good-natured laugh, a mocking attitude towards something?
What is the name of the denunciatory irony that ridicules negative shortcomings?
This means that Gogol laughs in different ways and acts in comedy both as a humorist and as a satirist.
What are the episodes in the comedy in which mockery, laid-back, cheerful laughter sounds?
(This is a scene in a tavern. Khlestakov's love explanation to Marya Antonovna).
(Slide "In the tavern")
Why is this scene funny?
(The mayor and Khlestakov are both afraid. One is afraid of prison, the other is afraid of complaining to the minister.
So laughter is based on a misunderstanding. The truth said by Khlestakov is taken as a lie, and a lie is taken as the truth. A comic situation is based on a mistake.
Slide Love Explanation
( Khlestakov is very funny during his heated declarations of love to the mayor's daughter, then her mother, and again her daughter. He himself can no longer understand who he is: a petty employee who has not received any high ranks and therefore was recalled home by his father, or “Your Excellency”, the head of the department, a person known to all officials in St. Petersburg. Not realizing that he is in danger of being exposed, he continues to lie further. He confesses his love to the daughter and wife of the Gorodnichiy, and the explanation takes place in the same expressions, he even asks for the hand of Marya Antonovna).
What episode in a comedy can be called the climax?
(D.3. yavl.6 - a scene of lies, because Khlestakov is especially funny).
(slide "Task by group")
Group task.
1. What is fiction in Khlestakov's story, and what is true?
2. How does the behavior of officials change during Khlestakov's story about St. Petersburg life?
3. Does Khlestakov really have "unusual lightness in thoughts"?
4. What helps Khlestakov to ascend to the rank of field marshal?
5. Why is the verb “flopped” and not “falling” used in the remark?
6. What is the assessment of officials to Khlestakov?
Conclusion: in this scene, Gogol combined subtle humor and sharp satire. The author laughs not so much at the fact that the “Elistratishka” was mistaken for a field marshal, but at the fact that a dummy was mistaken for the ideal of a person.
(slide “Do you have a loan?”
Let's turn to the scene of bribes (act. 4 yavl. 3-7)
Why did Gogol show precisely all the officials who give bribes, and did not limit himself, for example, to one official?
(All officials behave in the same way, everyone gives bribes, i.e. the author wanted to emphasize the mass nature of such phenomena as servility, bribery, meanness, denunciations).
(Incriminating, satirical, in order to more convincingly, brighter expose social vices, emphasize the full scale of bribery).
In what scene Khlestakov. acts as a real auditor: in the scene with a bribe from Dobchinsky and Bobchinsky or in the scene of complaints against the mayor?
(In the appearance of complaints about merchants, a locksmith with a non-commissioned officer's widow, because a real auditor takes bribes, and gives orders, and threatens with reprisal ("to Siberia")
Is it possible to call the scene of complaints of a locksmith or a non-commissioned officer funny (a scene from act 4 of yavl.11)? And are Anna Andreevna and Marya Antonovna funny?
(Women's images do not evoke sympathy, they are funny, ignorant, uncultured, they only complement the idea of the inhabitants of the county town as a whole).
How does the comedy end?
(Reading Tryapichkin's letter, from which they learn that Khlestakov is not an auditor. And the words about the arrival of a real auditor sound like a bolt from the blue.
silent scene . (slide "Silent scene")
What significance did Gogol attach to the silent scene?
(Very important, because this is the result, the sentence of meanness and hypocrisy, but also the hope for the triumph of justice.
In this scene, along with all the characters, Gogol's laughter is invisibly present as a character.
Recall the theme of the lesson .
“I am sorry that no one noticed the honest face that was in my play. Yes, there was one honest, noble face that acted in it throughout its entire duration. That honest, noble face was laughter."
Can laughter be called a positive hero and why?
(Except for laughter, there are no positive characters in comedy. Laughter helped the writer to fulfill the lofty civic goal: to collect all the bad things and laugh at everyone at once, because laughter helps to see the shortcomings.
Who is the main character of the comedy?
(Of course, laughter.. In comedy, it reflects the height of the moral position of the writer, his dream of perfect reality. Laughter is what makes a person be a person).
"Inspector" on the stages of theaters.
(slide "Afisha" BDT)
Is comedy relevant today?
(Yes, because the problems of comedy, unfortunately, exist in our modern society.
Therefore, comedy is constantly in the spotlight of theaters. Including our theater. Gorky ( slide of scenes from the theatrical production).
A word to a pre-prepared student.
Rostov Academic Drama Theatre. M. Gorky - one of the oldest in the south of Russia. True admirers of the Rostov drama date back to July 4, 1863, when the first permanent troupe of entrepreneur F. Nadler began its existence with the performance of N. Gogol's The Inspector General, with the participation of M. Shchepkin. It was for her that the first stone building was built, which immediately became an architectural landmark of the country.
Funny and poignant comedy. The play by N.V. Gogol "The Inspector General" is a wonderful "comedy of errors", a pearl of the domestic and world theatrical repertoire.
"Auditor is coming to visit us!" This famous phrase from the no less famous Gogol's work has been a key moment in the productions of The Inspector General for several centuries.
The characters in this truly immortal comedy for Russia are so well written, and the theme is just as relevant at all times that it seemed that I didn’t want to play. Therefore, characters can be “written” directly from the surrounding life, which, apparently, is what the actors of the troupe who play officials do. How cloying turned out to be the trustee of charitable institutions Strawberry Sergei Vitchenko! Let the sick die like flies, but their caps are clean, and the doctor Khristofor Ivanovich famously brings vodka to the imaginary auditor. Judge Lyapkin-Tyapkin is gloomy and openly talks about his bribes ( Honored Artist of the Russian Federation Sergey Galkin). True, even his knees tremble when he himself has to take out banknotes from his clenched hand and stick it in to the "auditor" and admit the profitability of his craft. Good in his wretchedness and Luka Lukich Khlopov, a figure in public education (Andrey Tikhonov). And how fussy (the post office would work for him like that!) postmaster Shpekin (Andrey Rebenkov), a lover of reading other people's letters.
Lesson summary
Did you like Gogol's comedy "The Government Inspector"?
You've seen the comedy. But if there is an opportunity, will you go to the theater again?
Did the guys like the play in the skits?
How can you characterize Gogol's laughter? (We saw different laughter: comic, funny, tragic, satirical and even sad; laughter as a character, a kind of device necessary for a writer to solve problems.)
What does Gogol teach us? (not to be Khlestakov, mayor, lead a decent life, fight shortcomings).
Interest in Gogol's work will never go away.
Reflection.
Have we achieved the goals and objectives set at the beginning of the lesson?
What did you find most successful in the lesson, and what would you change and do differently?
Mark yourself.
Putting marks.
Homework. How will events develop with the arrival of a new auditor? (Submit your scenario for the continuation of the play).
Thanks to all the participants of the lesson.
Explaining the meaning of The Inspector General, N.V. Gogol pointed to the role of laughter: “I am sorry that no one noticed the honest face that was in my play. Yes, there was one honest, noble face that acted in it throughout its entire duration. That honest, noble face was laughter.
A close friend of N.V. Gogol, wrote that modern Russian life does not provide material for comedy. To which Gogol replied: “Comedy lies everywhere ... Living among it, we do not see it ... but if the artist transfers it to art, to the stage, then we ourselves will wallow with laughter.”
The object of satire by N.V. Gogol is modern life itself in its comically ugly manifestations. Already at the heart of the plot itself is a comedic discrepancy: a person is taken not for who he really is. But the author solves this situation in a new way: Khlestakov does not pretend to be anyone. The unintentionality of Khlestakov's actions confused everyone, and his sincerity deceived the officials and the mayor, who himself "deceived scammers from scammers." What is happening and revealed the truly ugly and funny face of people, caused laughter at them. It was laughter through tears—angry laughter through tears of bitterness and indignation. The author laughs not at specific individuals, but at the vices of Russian reality, not without reason at the end he is thrown into a laughing hall: “You are laughing at yourself.”
It becomes both funny and bitter when we read about the order in a county town: “geese with caterpillars” dart in government places, and the assessor always smells of vodka; what demoniac teachers teach at the school; the healer Khristian Ivanovich does not know a single word of Russian; letters are opened at the post office to satisfy the curiosity of the postmaster, and the police "for order" put everyone in a row, and so on.
It was such a satirical image that allowed N.V. Gogol to clearly express his indignation at administrative arbitrariness and predation, petty self-serving characters of people in power.
But there are quite a few simply funny comic situations in the play. For example, the hasty orders of the mayor: “Let everyone take it in their hands along the street ...”, or the remark “Instead of a hat, puts on a paper case”, etc. Khlestakov is absurd and ridiculous, screaming in fear and banging his fist on the table: “Yes, what right do you have ?.. I'm going straight to the minister! And how “magnificent” he is in the scene of lies, having made a dizzying career in a few minutes from a copyist of papers to a field marshal.
All this makes the play lively, authentic and helps the reader and viewer to cleanse their souls with the help of laughter, because, denouncing all the evil, the writer believes in the triumph of justice, which will win.
Explaining the meaning of The Inspector General, N.V. Gogol pointed to the role of laughter: “I am sorry that no one noticed the honest face that was in my play. Yes, there was one honest, noble face that acted in it throughout its entire duration. That honest, noble face was laughter.
A close friend of N.V. Gogol, wrote that modern Russian life does not provide material for comedy. To which Gogol replied: “Comedy lies everywhere ... Living among it, we do not see it ... but if the artist transfers it to art, to the stage, then we ourselves will wallow with laughter.”
The object of satire by N.V. Gogol is modern life itself in its comically ugly manifestations. Already at the heart of the plot itself is a comedic discrepancy: a person is taken not for who he really is. But the author solves this situation in a new way: Khlestakov does not pretend to be anyone. The unintentionality of Khlestakov's actions confused everyone, and his sincerity deceived the officials and the mayor, who himself "deceived scammers from scammers." What is happening and revealed the truly ugly and funny face of people, caused laughter at them. It was laughter through tears—angry laughter through tears of bitterness and indignation. The author laughs not at specific individuals, but at the vices of Russian reality, not without reason at the end he is thrown into a laughing hall: “You are laughing at yourself.”
It becomes both funny and bitter when we read about the order in a county town: “geese with caterpillars” dart in government places, and the assessor always smells of vodka; what demoniac teachers teach at the school; the healer Khristian Ivanovich does not know a single word of Russian; letters are opened at the post office to satisfy the curiosity of the postmaster, and the police "for order" put everyone in a row, and so on.
It was such a satirical image that allowed N.V. Gogol to clearly express his indignation at administrative arbitrariness and predation, petty self-serving characters of people in power.
But there are quite a few simply funny comic situations in the play. For example, the hasty orders of the mayor: “Let everyone take it in their hands along the street ...”, or the remark “Instead of a hat, puts on a paper case”, etc. Khlestakov is absurd and ridiculous, screaming in fear and banging his fist on the table: “Yes, what right do you have ?... I'm going straight to the minister! And how “magnificent” he is in the scene of lies, having made a dizzying career in a few minutes from a copyist of papers to a field marshal.
All this makes the play lively, authentic and helps the reader and viewer to cleanse their souls with the help of laughter, because, denouncing all the evil, the writer believes in the triumph of justice, which will win.
Laughter is the only honest face in Gogol's comedy "The Government Inspector"
The thirties of the last century - the time of the most fruitful and intense creative flowering of Gogol. Following "Evenings", "Mirgorod", "Arabesques", he turns to dramaturgy and creates one of the most remarkable works of world literature - the immortal "Inspector". In this comedy, chivalric-bureaucratic Russia, a police-autocratic system based on servility, bribery, abuse and oppression, are put to shame. In the words of the writer himself, he "decided to put together everything bad in Russia ... all the injustices that are done in those places and in those cases where justice is most required of a person, and at one time laugh at everything."
The very course of the play is built in a peculiar and new way. Khlestakov does not yet appear in the first act. But the whole atmosphere of fear of expectation, fear that unseemly deeds and abuses of the mayor and other officials will be revealed, determine the further development of the action, the possibility of a future mistake. "With what force, with what simplicity, with what ingenious economy, the play begins!" - wrote the famous theater figure V. I. Nemirovich-Danchenko. The plot of the "Inspector" is given already in the first phrase: "I invited you, gentlemen, in order to inform you of the unpleasant news: the auditor is coming to visit us." And already this phrase gives the main impetus to the whole action - the emergence of fear, which clouded the mind of the mayor. Behind the comical, almost vaudeville plot in The Inspector General there is always an unattractive and harsh reality, one can feel the dramatic tension that was so sharply expressed in the finale, in the "silent scene". The comic effect is based on a "misunderstanding". Each of the characters, under the influence of fear, misinterprets the words of the other. And so it is in all comedy: a lie is taken for truth, and the truth is taken for a lie. Not only Khlestakov lies uncontrollably, both the mayor and Strawberry lie recklessly, trying to present themselves and the case “entrusted” to their observation in the best possible way. , lie. In the mayor's house, Khlestakov's character is revealed in fullness. He takes care of both the daughter and the wife of the mayor, is declared the groom of Marya Antonovna and disappears as quickly as he appeared. "The character of Khlestakov," Belinsky will say, "... unfolds completely, reveals itself to the last semblance of its microscopic pettiness and gigantic vulgarity." which has not yet taken a concrete expression, representing only a dream of a just and reasonable structure of society.
Gogol did not bring out a "positive hero" in his comedy. He wrote in The Theater Journey: “Yes, if at least one honest person were placed in a comedy and placed with all the fascination, then everyone would go over to the side of this honest person and would completely forget about those who so frightened them now". The positive beginning in The Inspector General is laughter, which embodies that lofty moral and social ideal, and is that "honest face" that determines the meaning of the comedy.
"Laughter" in "The Government Inspector" is imbued with faith in the "bright nature of man", in the spiritual forces of the people, opposing those forces of social stagnation, soullessness, selfishness, which are embodied in the characters of the play in a comic and ugly form. "Silent scene", completing the comic action tragic ending, affirms the triumph of "justice", the triumph of the highest moral principle.
