The answers to tasks 1–24 are a word, a phrase, a number or a sequence of words, numbers. Write your answer to the right of the task number without spaces, commas or other additional characters.
Read the text and do tasks 1-3.
(1) Many objects that surround us are made from natural materials - one or more. (2) Since ancient times, people have used these materials: they made fabrics from natural fibers, built houses from reeds and wood, processed stones and metals, creating various objects. (3) _____ modern man, using natural materials today, should think that their reserves are not unlimited.
1
Which of the following sentences correctly conveys the MAIN information contained in the text?
1. Objects made from natural materials were used by ancient people in everyday life, and today many of the objects that surround us are also made of stone and metal, wood and natural fibers.
2. Modern man must remember that the reserves of natural materials used from ancient times to the present day are not unlimited.
3. People should remember that the stocks of natural materials can run out, so artificially created materials should also be used.
4. The reserves of natural materials used since ancient times are not unlimited, and modern man should think about this.
5. Ancient people used only natural materials: they made fabrics from natural fibers, built houses from reeds and wood, processed stones and metals.
2
Which of the following words (combinations of words) should be in place of the gap in the third (3) sentence of the text? Write down this word (combination of words).
2. Thanks to this
3. First,
5. Ever since
3
Read the fragment of the dictionary entry, which gives the meaning of the word MATERIAL. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in the first (1) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.
MATERIAL -a, m.
1. Items, substances used for the manufacture of something. Construction m.
2. Source, information that serves as the basis for something. M. for the biography of the writer. M. for observations.
3. Usually pl. a collection of documents for a question. Folder for service materials. Investigation materials.
4. Fabric, knitted or synthetic product intended for sewing. Woolen m. Non-woven materials. M. on the dress.
4
In one of the words below, a mistake was made in setting the stress: the letter denoting the stressed vowel is highlighted INCORRECTLY. Write out this word.
waited
briefcase
tamed
5
In one of the sentences below, the underlined word is WRONGLY used. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.
1. After the storm, a COMPARABLE calm settled on the sea.
2. Nastya WEARED a ball gown and, singing a waltz melody, spun lightly in front of the mirrors, imagining herself as the heroine of her favorite ballet, which she saw in the theater.
3. In front of the weary travelers, as before, there was an INCREDIBLE distance.
4. To win in VERBAL battles, you need to be fluent in your native language and have a sharp mind.
5. The guide proudly showed the visitors of the museum an OLD service.
6
In one of the words highlighted below, a mistake was made in the formation of the word form. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.
pair of socks
THREE Hundred discs
qualified ENGINEERS
LIE ON YOUR BACK
acted MORE HONEST
7
Establish a correspondence between the sentences and the grammatical errors made in them: for each position of the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
| SUGGESTIONS | GRAMMATICAL ERRORS |
| A) The taxi driver told the newly entered passengers that they would pay the fare. | 1) incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition |
| B) Thanks to the work of restorers, we can admire the frescoes of the Ferapontov Monastery. | 2) violation of the connection between the subject and the predicate |
| C) Many of those who have been to Mikhailovsky Park were amazed at the size of the old manor trees. | 3) violation in the construction of a proposal with an inconsistent application |
| D) Before Ivan the Terrible, having taken the capital of the Kazan Khanate in 1552, the task was to win over new subjects. | 4) an error in constructing a sentence with homogeneous members |
| E) In our time, transmitted over global trunk lines, the amount of information is constantly growing. | 5) incorrect construction of a sentence with a participial turnover |
| 6) violation in the construction of a sentence with participial turnover | |
| 7) incorrect sentence construction with indirect speech |
Write your answer in numbers without spaces or other characters.
8
Determine the word in which the unstressed checked vowel of the root is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.
zag..army
reg..cat
priv.. legiya
bl..stely
deputy ..rat (with delight)
9
Determine the row in which the same letter is missing in both words in the prefix. Write these words out with the missing letter.
ra..throw, and..move
with..the voice, pos..yesterday
pr..formed, pr..fluff
by..holding, o..dalil
pr..laid, pr..acquired
10
Write down the word in which the letter E is written in place of the gap.
ugly .. out
re-glue
pear..vy
jump off..wat
pleasing
11
Write down the word in which the letter I is written in place of the gap.
overfed. .ny
take a picture.. take a picture
foreseen
linger..stay
attack..my
12
Identify the sentence in which NOT with the word is spelled CONTINUOUSLY. Open the brackets and write out this word.
1. (NOT) A blizzard that did not stop for three days covered the gatehouse with snow.
2. After the repair, the room is still (NOT) TIRED.
3. (NOT) REMEMBERING evil, we will reward for the good.
4. (NOT) TOTALLY ordinary environment made it difficult to concentrate.
5. When you look at the monument to M.Yu. Lermontov, (NOT) WILLILY get the impression that the poet looks around his beloved city and recalls the happy moments of life.
13
Determine the sentence in which both underlined words are spelled ONE. Open the brackets and write out these two words.
1. (FROM) WHAT did you want to give up? From the right to choose or from responsibility for the outcome of the expedition? (WHY) WHY are you so cowardly?
2. (AT) THE END the month rose, and this night was SO (SAME) magnificent, like the one that Alexey remembered forever.
3. I felt ashamed of my words, and SO (SAME) FOR (TO) that I did not justify the hopes that were placed on me.
4. The main thing for the Impressionist artists was the light, constantly changing (IN) DURING the day, and the air in which objects and figures of people are AS (WOULD) immersed.
5. WHAT (WOULD) not be late for a meeting with classmates, you need (IN) TIME to leave the house.
14
Indicate all the numbers in the place of which HN is written.
In the foreground of the picture, against the background of figures more closely (1) with smeared (2) soot faces, a girl in a snow-white dress with a whip (3) basket in her hands stands out brightly.
15
Set up punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of sentences in which you need to put ONE comma.
1. The phraseological unit can include both obsolete words and words in a figurative sense.
2. The Byzantine army outnumbered the enemy both in numbers and in armament.
3. All night heavy rain poured down in streams and one after another thunderclaps were heard.
4. I go home and on the way I think it over again from beginning to end.
5. And the spear and the arrows and the drum were still in the wigwam.
16
Created by A.A. In block (1) the “terrible world” of the city and its Stranger (2) frightening (3) and irresistibly attracting (4) suppress the poet.
17
Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers in the place of which commas should be in the sentences.
Most fully (1) according to critics (2) Goncharov's norm of life was revealed (3) of course (4) in those chapters of the novel "Oblomov", which describes the life of the protagonist in Pshenitsyna's house on the Vyborg side.
18
Put punctuation marks: indicate the number (s) in the place of which (s) in the sentence should (s) be a comma (s).
Small mountain rivers (1) have now turned into turbulent streams (2) crossing (3) through which (4) took us a lot of time.
19
Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers in the place of which commas should be in the sentence.
Katya listened to the story about the latest achievements in the field of nuclear physics very carefully (1) and (2) if Konstantinov had not realized (3) that the scope of his scientific interests could not really excite such a young person (4) he would have continued his reasoning.
20
Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by excluding the extra word. Write out this word.
Rooks are the first migratory birds to return to us, appearing in the middle lane around mid-March, when the ground is freed from snow cover in places.
Read the text and complete tasks 21-26.
(1) Natka left the house and headed along the street. (2) Despite the clear, sunny weather, my soul was gloomy and painful. (3) Today, mom will buy her a dress, even the thought of which poisons the pre-holiday mood. (4) Mom would have bought this dress last night when they were completing the “last”, as she said, hard shopping trip. (5) But they were refused to be served, since the shopping center's opening hours had expired and all the cash desks were closed. (6) It was a simple silk white dress, completely different from Natka's dream of dressing for the prom, which will take place in two days. (7) She herself did not know exactly which one she wanted. (8) But she knew for sure that she didn’t want the dress that her mother insisted on.
(9) Natka in general has already lost hope of finding a common language with her mother, who every day became more and more aggressive towards her. (10) It seemed that her mother was only waiting for something bad from her, she was afraid of bad news about her daughter's out-of-home and out-of-school life, which was becoming more and more isolated. (11) But Natka knew herself. (12) She knew that what was laid down by her mother sits in her so firmly that she will never be able to cross the line beyond which some of her peers are greedy ... (13) Natka knew that she would never allow herself to lower the bar requirements for herself, will not betray her ideal of herself, the desire for which her mother instilled in her from early childhood. (14) But, as if to spite herself, Natka carefully hid her inner “correctness” behind external bravado, expressed in the manner of speaking (inappropriate “decent girl”, according to her mother), in clothes. (15) "Words", miniskirts, bikinis and the like frightened my mother, shocked her, forced her to develop methods of struggle with the help of an ever-increasing scale of prohibitions. (16) This had the opposite effect, and the daughter came up with more and more sophisticated (often successful) ways of confrontation. (17) But the preparation for graduation ended with the complete defeat of Natka, personified in this disgusting dress, on which her mother insisted in a tone that did not allow objections.
(18) In the darkest mood, Natka wandered around the city wherever her eyes looked.
(19) On one of the streets, where, as it seemed to her, she had never been at all, her attention was attracted by the window of a small (apparently, completely new) shop.
(20) The girl, out of idle curiosity, opened the door, and a dress appeared before her that simply bewitched her. (21) Light ash color, made up of several layers of soft chiffon. (22) The dress was sleeveless and even without straps. (23) Chiffon fell from the drapery at the chest in a cascade of frills of different widths, which, like an air spiral, enveloped the figure of a mannequin.
(24) Natka could not help but try on this miracle and, looking in the mirror, did not recognize herself.
(25) Her figure has become somehow refined, with a longer neck and more rounded shoulders. (26) The dress seemed to be specially tailored to the natural colors of her appearance: ashy hair, peach skin and light brown eyes.
The answers to tasks 1–24 are a word, a phrase, a number or a sequence of words, numbers. Write your answer to the right of the task number without spaces, commas or other additional characters.
Read the text and do tasks 1-3.
(1) Many objects that surround us are made from natural materials - one or more. (2) Since ancient times, people have used these materials: they made fabrics from natural fibers, built houses from reeds and wood, processed stones and metals, creating various objects. (3) _____ modern man, using natural materials today, should think that their reserves are not unlimited.
1
Which of the following sentences correctly conveys the MAIN information contained in the text?
1. Objects made from natural materials were used by ancient people in everyday life, and today many of the objects that surround us are also made of stone and metal, wood and natural fibers.
2. Modern man must remember that the reserves of natural materials used from ancient times to the present day are not unlimited.
3. People should remember that the stocks of natural materials can run out, so artificially created materials should also be used.
4. The reserves of natural materials used since ancient times are not unlimited, and modern man should think about this.
5. Ancient people used only natural materials: they made fabrics from natural fibers, built houses from reeds and wood, processed stones and metals.
2
Which of the following words (combinations of words) should be in place of the gap in the third (3) sentence of the text? Write down this word (combination of words).
2. Thanks to this
3. First,
5. Ever since
3
Read the fragment of the dictionary entry, which gives the meaning of the word MATERIAL. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in the first (1) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.
MATERIAL -a, m.
1. Items, substances used for the manufacture of something. Construction m.
2. Source, information that serves as the basis for something. M. for the biography of the writer. M. for observations.
3. Usually pl. a collection of documents for a question. Folder for service materials. Investigation materials.
4. Fabric, knitted or synthetic product intended for sewing. Woolen m. Non-woven materials. M. on the dress.
4
In one of the words below, a mistake was made in setting the stress: the letter denoting the stressed vowel is highlighted INCORRECTLY. Write out this word.
waited
briefcase
tamed
5
In one of the sentences below, the underlined word is WRONGLY used. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.
1. After the storm, a COMPARABLE calm settled on the sea.
2. Nastya WEARED a ball gown and, singing a waltz melody, spun lightly in front of the mirrors, imagining herself as the heroine of her favorite ballet, which she saw in the theater.
3. In front of the weary travelers, as before, there was an INCREDIBLE distance.
4. To win in VERBAL battles, you need to be fluent in your native language and have a sharp mind.
5. The guide proudly showed the visitors of the museum an OLD service.
6
In one of the words highlighted below, a mistake was made in the formation of the word form. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.
pair of socks
THREE Hundred discs
qualified ENGINEERS
LIE ON YOUR BACK
acted MORE HONEST
7
Establish a correspondence between the sentences and the grammatical errors made in them: for each position of the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
| SUGGESTIONS | GRAMMATICAL ERRORS |
| A) The taxi driver told the newly entered passengers that they would pay the fare. | 1) incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition |
| B) Thanks to the work of restorers, we can admire the frescoes of the Ferapontov Monastery. | 2) violation of the connection between the subject and the predicate |
| C) Many of those who have been to Mikhailovsky Park were amazed at the size of the old manor trees. | 3) violation in the construction of a proposal with an inconsistent application |
| D) Before Ivan the Terrible, having taken the capital of the Kazan Khanate in 1552, the task was to win over new subjects. | 4) an error in constructing a sentence with homogeneous members |
| E) In our time, transmitted over global trunk lines, the amount of information is constantly growing. | 5) incorrect construction of a sentence with a participial turnover |
| 6) violation in the construction of a sentence with participial turnover | |
| 7) incorrect sentence construction with indirect speech |
Write your answer in numbers without spaces or other characters.
8
Determine the word in which the unstressed checked vowel of the root is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.
zag..army
reg..cat
priv.. legiya
bl..stely
deputy ..rat (with delight)
9
Determine the row in which the same letter is missing in both words in the prefix. Write these words out with the missing letter.
ra..throw, and..move
with..the voice, pos..yesterday
pr..formed, pr..fluff
by..holding, o..dalil
pr..laid, pr..acquired
10
Write down the word in which the letter E is written in place of the gap.
ugly .. out
re-glue
pear..vy
jump off..wat
pleasing
11
Write down the word in which the letter I is written in place of the gap.
overfed. .ny
take a picture.. take a picture
foreseen
linger..stay
attack..my
12
Identify the sentence in which NOT with the word is spelled CONTINUOUSLY. Open the brackets and write out this word.
1. (NOT) A blizzard that did not stop for three days covered the gatehouse with snow.
2. After the repair, the room is still (NOT) TIRED.
3. (NOT) REMEMBERING evil, we will reward for the good.
4. (NOT) TOTALLY ordinary environment made it difficult to concentrate.
5. When you look at the monument to M.Yu. Lermontov, (NOT) WILLILY get the impression that the poet looks around his beloved city and recalls the happy moments of life.
13
Determine the sentence in which both underlined words are spelled ONE. Open the brackets and write out these two words.
1. (FROM) WHAT did you want to give up? From the right to choose or from responsibility for the outcome of the expedition? (WHY) WHY are you so cowardly?
2. (AT) THE END the month rose, and this night was SO (SAME) magnificent, like the one that Alexey remembered forever.
3. I felt ashamed of my words, and SO (SAME) FOR (TO) that I did not justify the hopes that were placed on me.
4. The main thing for the Impressionist artists was the light, constantly changing (IN) DURING the day, and the air in which objects and figures of people are AS (WOULD) immersed.
5. WHAT (WOULD) not be late for a meeting with classmates, you need (IN) TIME to leave the house.
14
Indicate all the numbers in the place of which HN is written.
In the foreground of the picture, against the background of figures more closely (1) with smeared (2) soot faces, a girl in a snow-white dress with a whip (3) basket in her hands stands out brightly.
15
Set up punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of sentences in which you need to put ONE comma.
1. The phraseological unit can include both obsolete words and words in a figurative sense.
2. The Byzantine army outnumbered the enemy both in numbers and in armament.
3. All night heavy rain poured down in streams and one after another thunderclaps were heard.
4. I go home and on the way I think it over again from beginning to end.
5. And the spear and the arrows and the drum were still in the wigwam.
16
Created by A.A. In block (1) the “terrible world” of the city and its Stranger (2) frightening (3) and irresistibly attracting (4) suppress the poet.
17
Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers in the place of which commas should be in the sentences.
Most fully (1) according to critics (2) Goncharov's norm of life was revealed (3) of course (4) in those chapters of the novel "Oblomov", which describes the life of the protagonist in Pshenitsyna's house on the Vyborg side.
18
Put punctuation marks: indicate the number (s) in the place of which (s) in the sentence should (s) be a comma (s).
Small mountain rivers (1) have now turned into turbulent streams (2) crossing (3) through which (4) took us a lot of time.
19
Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers in the place of which commas should be in the sentence.
Katya listened to the story about the latest achievements in the field of nuclear physics very carefully (1) and (2) if Konstantinov had not realized (3) that the scope of his scientific interests could not really excite such a young person (4) he would have continued his reasoning.
20
Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by excluding the extra word. Write out this word.
Rooks are the first migratory birds to return to us, appearing in the middle lane around mid-March, when the ground is freed from snow cover in places.
Read the text and complete tasks 21-26.
(1) Natka left the house and headed along the street. (2) Despite the clear, sunny weather, my soul was gloomy and painful. (3) Today, mom will buy her a dress, even the thought of which poisons the pre-holiday mood. (4) Mom would have bought this dress last night when they were completing the “last”, as she said, hard shopping trip. (5) But they were refused to be served, since the shopping center's opening hours had expired and all the cash desks were closed. (6) It was a simple silk white dress, completely different from Natka's dream of dressing for the prom, which will take place in two days. (7) She herself did not know exactly which one she wanted. (8) But she knew for sure that she didn’t want the dress that her mother insisted on.
(9) Natka in general has already lost hope of finding a common language with her mother, who every day became more and more aggressive towards her. (10) It seemed that her mother was only waiting for something bad from her, she was afraid of bad news about her daughter's out-of-home and out-of-school life, which was becoming more and more isolated. (11) But Natka knew herself. (12) She knew that what was laid down by her mother sits in her so firmly that she will never be able to cross the line beyond which some of her peers are greedy ... (13) Natka knew that she would never allow herself to lower the bar requirements for herself, will not betray her ideal of herself, the desire for which her mother instilled in her from early childhood. (14) But, as if to spite herself, Natka carefully hid her inner “correctness” behind external bravado, expressed in the manner of speaking (inappropriate “decent girl”, according to her mother), in clothes. (15) "Words", miniskirts, bikinis and the like frightened my mother, shocked her, forced her to develop methods of struggle with the help of an ever-increasing scale of prohibitions. (16) This had the opposite effect, and the daughter came up with more and more sophisticated (often successful) ways of confrontation. (17) But the preparation for graduation ended with the complete defeat of Natka, personified in this disgusting dress, on which her mother insisted in a tone that did not allow objections.
(18) In the darkest mood, Natka wandered around the city wherever her eyes looked.
(19) On one of the streets, where, as it seemed to her, she had never been at all, her attention was attracted by the window of a small (apparently, completely new) shop.
(20) The girl, out of idle curiosity, opened the door, and a dress appeared before her that simply bewitched her. (21) Light ash color, made up of several layers of soft chiffon. (22) The dress was sleeveless and even without straps. (23) Chiffon fell from the drapery at the chest in a cascade of frills of different widths, which, like an air spiral, enveloped the figure of a mannequin.
(24) Natka could not help but try on this miracle and, looking in the mirror, did not recognize herself.
(25) Her figure has become somehow refined, with a longer neck and more rounded shoulders. (26) The dress seemed to be specially tailored to the natural colors of her appearance: ashy hair, peach skin and light brown eyes.
The first thing the word “radiation” is associated with is the name of a woman who, together with her husband, discovered radioactive elements. Maria Skłodowska-Curie won the Nobel Prize twice for her discoveries. At the end of the 19th - beginning of the 20th century, they still did not know how dangerous radiation could be and where it would manifest itself.
Today, on the Internet, you can find horror stories about the radioactivity of everything and everything, up to children's toys and stationery. Some of them are extremely far from the truth, but many have a certain basis. And often, in fact, objects are radioactive, which no one in ionizing radiation would ever suspect.
Before dealing with the radioactive environment, it is good to understand in what cases radiation can cause real harm. There is such a unit of measure as sievert (Sv). It shows the effectiveness of radiation in terms of its effect on the human body. Simply put, one sievert gives 5.5 percent of the development of cancer. A dose of six sieverts is lethal. Radiation up to 0.5 Sv is considered safe. For ease of calculation, the units are millisievert (mSv), equal to one thousandth of a sievert, and microsievert (µSv), equivalent to one millionth of a sievert.
Harmful (radioactive) can only be ionizing radiation. For example, electromagnetic radiation is non-ionizing.
Tobacco leaves, no matter what sort, contain microscopic doses of polonium. The dose itself is so small that it cannot affect a person in any way. But polonium, like any radioactive element, tends to accumulate. This is why lung or throat cancer is not uncommon among long-term smokers.
Every year, every city dweller receives exposure to 30 μSv. This radiation is “rewarded” by objects containing concrete: houses, roads, fences, architectural forms. From 0.015 to 0.88 µSv we get when we pass through the scanner at the airport. To understand how small and harmless this is, it is enough to make a comparison: you need to pass an average of one and a half thousand times through this scanner to get the same dose that X-ray chest X-ray gives us at one time. In the latter case, we get from 30 to 300 µSv, which is also far from the dangerous limit.
Scientists at the University of North Carolina specifically studied the issue of the radioactivity of objects around people. They found ionizing radiation in avocados, bananas, air filters, smoke detectors, brick houses. But the doses turned out to be so small that it makes no sense to talk about any danger. They jokingly called the dose of radiation produced by one banana the banana equivalent.
By the way, many gifts of nature contain the radioactive isotope potassium-40, including bananas and avocados. This is the source of the radiation. According to scientists, this isotope has a half-life of more than a billion years. In a year, each of us, thanks to potassium-40 and another isotope - carbon-14, which is also found in natural products, we receive radiation of the order of 400 μSv.
If we are to be afraid of natural gifts, then only such as the Brazil nut. It is considered the most radioactive in the world. A person only needs to taste it, and his stool will become radioactive, and in large enough doses. The brazil nut phenomenon is explained quite simply: the roots of the tree go so deep into the ground that, together with trace elements, they absorb a large amount of radium.
Microscopic doses of radiation from natural foods can be increased if you carve them on a granite countertop. Granite is a source of natural radiation. Certainly in small quantities. But do not forget that radiation tends to accumulate. Therefore, it is worth thinking carefully before purchasing granite interior elements for an apartment. It is not by chance that at metro stations finished with granite, devices emit an increased level of radiation. In this sense, the New York railway station is considered the most dangerous, the walls and base of which were built using granite.
If you are afraid to let your cat go outside, then you should not start this animal. Because you have to use cat litter. The basis of these fillers is bentonite clay, which gives the strongest radiation. You are not only endangering yourself, but also, by throwing out the used filler, you allow it to penetrate into the soil. And this already "smells" of an ecological catastrophe.
About the same level of radiation as cat litter comes from glossy magazines. In the production of gloss, clay is also used, more precisely, one of its types is kaolin. It is able to retain radioactive elements such as uranium and thorium.
Most questions from the layman arises about phones, computer screens, the use of WiFi and Bluetooth systems. And here we are talking about radio waves, the radiation of which is non-ionizing. Any telecommunication systems are inherently electromagnetic fields, that is, they cannot harm the body.
around us is an amazing world - a world of objects that we sometimes do not notice: pencil pen paper ... would you like to say a hymn to one of theseitems. Help me please. In general, you need praise for any subject
What should I do if the teacher lowered the mark for the quarter?We have a new teacher in Russian language and literature at our school. With my last teacher, I always had a solid 5. I handed in all my homework and classwork, answered at the blackboard, even took additional assignments. At the end of the quarter, I opened the class magazine (when the class teacher told me that I was getting 3) and noticed that I had 2 3 3 in Russian and 3 3 2 2 in literature. I don’t know where I got these grades from.
I approached the Russian language teacher and asked, they say, "why do I get 3? Where are all my grades?" to which she simply replied that I was a complete loser and because of the "kindness of soul" she overestimated my mark by 3., and came out 2. I said that I had a lot of work that she rated at 5, to which she said that in the magazine They don't exist, so there's no need to invent them. I asked where the assessment for additional tasks. she said that she had lost the sheet, but she was sure that I could not write higher than 3.
When the grades were given for the quarter, I noticed that the girl with whom she squabbles, and who has been skipping her lessons for a whole month, costs 4 !!! How can she have 4 if she was not at the lessons at all? Another 1 girl begged for 5, and she gave it to her. We had a didactic work, a classmate scored 3 points, she scored 5 in a quarter, I scored 18 points, got 3, because of the "kindness of the soul."
the class teacher did not even understand, referring to the fact that I will correct it in the next quarter ....
How can I fix my rating? I don’t want the only 3 in Russian and literature, because In other subjects I have 5....
b) Epistemology
c) Praxeology
d) Ontology
2) The direction in the theory of knowledge, which considers the data of the sense organs (sensory experience) as the main source of knowledge, is called:
a. Rationalism
b. Mysticism
in. Sensationalism
d. Empiricism
3. What epoch is characterized by the “epistemological turn” in philosophy?
a. Modern era (XX-XXI century)
b. Renaissance
in. Middle Ages
New Time.
4. Which of the indicated methods of scientific knowledge are used purely at the theoretical level of research?
a. Formalization
b. Comparison
in. Idealization
d. Experiment
5. Which of the following criteria of truth is the basis of this definition: "Truth is the usefulness, effectiveness of knowledge"?
a. Hermeneutic criterion
b. Pragmatic criterion
in. Practice criterion
d. Criterion of logical completeness and consistency
6. The forms of sensory reflection of reality include:
a. concept
b. Performance
in. Perception
d. Judgment
7. The philosophical concept that puts forward doubt as the main principle of knowledge is called:
a. Agnosticism.
b. Relativism.
in. Skepticism.
8. The following are put forward as the main cognitive abilities of a person in irrationalism:
in. mystical intuition
Mr. Reason
9. Among the proposed judgments, select the correct one:
a. Practice - sensory perception of the world
b. Practice is only the material and production activity of people.
in. Practice is the rationale for reality
d. Practice is a diverse and versatile, goal-setting and expedient, sensory-objective activity of people aimed at mastering and transforming the world.
10. Which of the following understandings of truth is classical in the history of philosophy?
a. Truth is the usefulness of knowledge, its effectiveness.
b. Truth is the correspondence of knowledge to reality.
in. Truth is a property of self-consistency of knowledge.
d. Truth is an agreement
translate from Russian into German: 1) TOMORROW I WILL RECEIVE THIS BOOK. 2) THE SCHOOL SUBJECT WHICH WILL BE NOW IS DIFFICULT FOR ME. 3) I LIKE THE BAGWHICH YOU BOUGHT. 4) WILL YOU SING TOMORROW? 5) NO I WILL NOT SING. 6) FOREIGN LANGUAGES ARE NOT LEARNED HERE. 7) I AM SURE YOU WILL BECOME A DOCTOR. 8) I BELIEVE THAT THE ENGLISH TEACHER IS VERY STRICT. 9) DO YOU LIKE MY DRESS? 10) HOW MUCH DOES IT COST? 11) HEALTHY FOOD IS VERY IMPORTANT.
