In the section on the question Does humanity really need technical progress? Only serious arguments. given by the author Caucasian the best answer is live in the village ... and you will understand everything and no arguments are needed))
Alexey Yurievich
Enlightened
(27377)
Yes
Answer from Dr. Discord[guru]
When a monkey first took a stick to get a fruit from a hard-to-reach place, this was the first step in scientific and technological progress. Without it, evolution might just bypass the apes. And accordingly - we would not be sitting on the Internet now, but jumping through the trees in the jungle.
And now decide whether this progress is needed or not.
Answer from Igor[guru]
"Even in virtue, the end goal is pleasure." (M. Montaigne) The structure of a person is such that he is able to enjoy mental activity. And from this activity - so much pleasure is obtained.
Therefore, progress is simply inevitable, no matter how we discuss it here. Well, the fact that it is technical is just its very initial stage.
Answer from pass for[guru]
Go naked to the taiga for a year. If you survive, you will receive an answer.
Answer from compound[guru]
Technological progress is not vital to human civilization...
But he is not avoided ... and it is more pleasant with him ...
Answer from Eugene[guru]
progress will destroy humanity as a race
Answer from Anatoly uvarov[guru]
needed to avoid repeating
Answer from Nikolay Deryagin[guru]
The lazy ones need it.
Answer from Murtaugh II[guru]
Is it more pleasant for you to relieve your need in a toilet bowl or in a hole in the ground?
Answer from Andrew ®[guru]
Needed.
Without it, 10 times fewer people would live on Earth.
Answer from Augusto Pinochet[guru]
Of course needed. Without it, we will return to the Stone Age and will not be able to live normally.
Answer from Heaven's Gift[guru]
Progress is man's ability to complicate simplicity.
Answer from ERDETREU[guru]
Yes, not 10 times, but a thousand times less would live now.
Answer from Mikhail Maslov[guru]
Arguments:
1. A man and his family need a home (I don't explain why)
2. You need an ax to build a house.
3. A stone ax is worse than a copper one.
4. A copper ax is worse than an iron one.
... An atomic bomb is more powerful than TNT ... .
But you have to stop sometime to enjoy life in your home!
Answer from Voyageur[guru]
Spiritual is better...
Technical usually ends with a big nuclear winter ...
Theme: War
1 ) War – ThisBadly.
The German writer Erich Maria Remarque, in her famous novel All Quiet on the Western Front, describes the horrors of the First World War. The story is told on behalf of its participant, a nineteen-year-old boy, in front of whom his peers are dying, while their children's psyches cannot adapt to the conditions of the war. The novel describes the insane, inhuman, cruel, to the extreme conditions of war, where people die in agony. And not only physical, but mental as well. The nineteen-year-old narrator loses the meaning of life, at the sight of the deaths of his peers, he sets off, and soon he is killed, while the main thing is that he did not suffer for long. These lines contain the main - tragic - meaning of the novel: war is the most terrible state of mankind, the salvation in which is death.
The American writer Ernest Hemingway, the author of such works as "Farewell to Arms", "The Old Man and the Sea" and others, was a participant in the First World War. He describes in his works the madness reigning in the world during military operations, and what can save people from final madness and absolute spiritual emptiness is, of course, first of all, love. We read about this in the novel A Farewell to Arms. But the end of this work is tragic: even love could not save the lives of the mother and her newly born child. They left early, and with them the meaning of life disappears for the protagonist of the work. He is left alone with the war ... This example is the opposite of the previous one, it illustrates the first part of the indicated problem, namely the inhumanity, madness and absurdity of what is called war ...
2) The problem of the heroic everyday life of the war
The heroic everyday life of war is an oxymoron metaphor that unites the incompatible. War ceases to seem like something out of the ordinary. Get used to death. Only sometimes it will amaze with its suddenness. There is such an episode in V. Nekrasov (“In the trenches of Stalingrad”): a dead soldier lies on his back, arms outstretched, and a smoking cigarette butt stuck to his lip. A minute ago there was still life, thoughts, desires, now - death. And to see this to the hero of the novel is simply unbearable...
But even in war, soldiers do not live by “a single bullet”: in their short hours of rest, they sing, write letters, and even read. As for the heroes of In the Trenches of Stalingrad, Karnaukhov is read by Jack London, the division commander also loves Martin Eden, someone draws, someone writes poetry. The Volga is foaming from shells and bombs, and the people on the shore do not change their spiritual predilections. Perhaps that is why the Nazis did not succeed in crushing them, throwing them back across the Volga, and drying up their souls and minds.
What are the consequences of the scientific and technological revolution? It is this question that arises when reading the text of D. A. Granin.
Revealing the problem of the influence of the scientific and technological revolution on the spiritual world of man, the author relies on his own reasoning and gives many examples from life. The danger of the scientific and technological revolution, according to the writer, lies in the fact that a person can become self-satisfied and limited, reducing all the diversity of the world only to a subject for scientific research.
Despite the fact that more and more people come to museums every year, art becomes only a sphere of consumption: tourists hurriedly walk around the halls, not having time to understand, feel and experience art. Books are read only for information. A utilitarian, primitive approach to art as a commodity leads to a loss of aesthetic taste. And for Darwin, for example, this is tantamount to the loss of happiness, it has a harmful effect on moral qualities, weakening the emotional side of human nature.
The development of science and the improvement of technology can lead to the spiritual degradation of man, slow down his development.
To confirm this idea, let's turn to the genre of dystopia. Ray Bradbury's 1953 novel Fahrenheit 451 foresaw many of the technological advances of the future. Before us is a consumer society, completely soulless, living only for material interests. Books that make you think are forbidden here. But the walls of the houses inside are equipped with huge TV screens with endless series, where the characters become almost family members, and interactive communication is possible. The protagonist is Guy Montag, a firefighter who, on duty, burns books if they are found in houses.
Recall another dystopia. This is the novel by E. I. Zamyatin “We”, which also depicts the future. The United State is separated from nature by a transparent wall, people in the same uniforms are numbers, subject to a single routine. Love here is just a "pleasant - useful function" according to pink coupons. This society is soulless. And when the main character, the builder of Integral D-503, “forms a soul” because of love for I-330, he is subjected to surgery to cut out his fantasy. Literature as the highest form of art does not exist here, it is replaced by useful works written by order of the state.
We came to the conclusion that scientific and technological progress is indeed fraught with the danger of creating a soulless society.
Effective preparation for the exam (all subjects) - start preparing
Updated: 2018-01-29
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Useful material on the topic
The influence of the teacher on the fate of the student is the most important problem that is often raised by the authors of texts to prepare for the Unified State Examination in the Russian language. For each of its aspects, we have selected arguments from the literature. They can be downloaded as a table, link at the end of the collection.
- The teacher often influences the future life of his students. The role of the teacher is on a par with the importance of parental care and the influence of the environment. A striking example can be found in Ch. Aitmatov's story "The First Teacher". The protagonist, reading the syllables himself, having no special knowledge, is trying to turn the old barn into a school. In harsh winters, he helps children cross the icy rivers and tries in every possible way to give them knowledge. One day he saves the orphan Altynai from rape and her aunt's desire to forcibly marry the girl. The hero, overcoming obstacles, sends her to study in the city, thereby saving her life. In the future, Altynai will become a doctor of sciences and, when building a new school, will name it after his first teacher - Dyushayn.
- Teachers who helped us in childhood are remembered for a long time. So for V.G. Rasputin his wise teacher played an important role in the life of the author. He dedicates his autobiographical story to her. "French lessons". The main character, having learned that one of her students is trying to earn a living through gambling, does not punish the boy. On the contrary, she tries to talk to him and help. Secretly, she sends the boy a package of food and even with a little trick gives him money so as not to hurt his pride. Of course, having learned about her methods of education, namely about gambling with a student, the director fires the teacher, but she still does not leave the hero in trouble, helping him get a decent education.
Negative influence
- From childhood, we are accustomed to the fact that a teacher is a noble profession. However, do not forget about human nature, which can manifest itself negatively anywhere. The difference in attitude towards students of different people in the work is well shown. DI. Fonvizin "Undergrowth". Three teachers are trying to teach the main character different sciences: Tsiferkin, Kuteikin and Vralman. Soon realizing that the hero is very stupid, lazy and hopeless in his studies, they stop trying and only pretend to teach the boy. The teachers themselves are also poorly educated, but Mitrofan's mother is not particularly interested in teaching her son. When Starodum denounces dishonest teachers, only Tsiferkin refuses to take money for education. After all, he could not pass on his knowledge to the student.
- Children quickly and easily adopt behavior, moral principles from their teachers. Unfortunately, this kind of upbringing is not always positive. Let's remember the main character of the same name novel by A.S. Pushkin "Eugene Onegin". Talking about the upbringing of a young man, the author mentions that his teacher was a Frenchman who was “joking” about everything. He tried to give him the material in an easy manner, did not particularly strain, did not force him to work. Onegin was never severely punished, they were not told about morality, but they were only taken for a walk in the summer gardens. As a result, we see a superficial man who is used to getting the joy of life in an easy way and does not care about others.
The feat of the teacher
- A teacher is not only a mentor, for many it is a hero who is ready to do a lot for the sake of his students. In the story of V. Bykov "Obelisk" Morozov does not leave his students with the onset of the war, he continues to teach. When the Nazis capture five of his guys, he agrees to come after them, realizing that he is going to his death. He realized that if he refused, then the enemies could use this situation for evil. And Morozov sacrifices himself for the good of his school and country. Even if he cannot save the children, at least he will encourage and support them in this test.
- The desire to convey to others the foundations of a correct, noble life can already be considered a feat. In Chingiz Aitmatov's novel "The Scaffold" the main character Obadiah gets a job in a newspaper. On one of the assignments of the editorial board, he is sent to investigate a case of drug trafficking. Along the way, he meets Petrukha and Lyonka, two ragamuffins with a dark past who went to get marijuana. Obadiah, based on his past training in the seminary, tries to guide the guys on the true path, he calls them to live by the rules, turn to God. However, all the nobility of the hero does not save him, because of righteous speeches, he finds his death. And yet, his attempt shook the worldview of these people, because for the first time in their lives someone tried to pull them out of the abyss of moral decline.
The role of the teacher
- In the story of F. Iskander "The thirteenth feat of Hercules" The author talks about the teacher's unusual approach to learning. He never punished children, but only joked with them. One of the students was so afraid of becoming a laughing stock for not doing his homework that he pulls off a whole "scam" with vaccinations. Despite all his efforts, he is still called to the blackboard, where he does not cope with the task. The teacher calls this whole situation the thirteenth feat of Hercules, accomplished because of cowardice. Only years later, the main character realizes that the teacher wanted to show them that they should not be afraid to be funny.
- Teachers should respect their students and set them on the right path. In M. Kazakov's story "It's hard with you, Andrey" the reader is told the story of a little boy who was a real bully. He ran away from lessons, was often rude and rude. All teachers have long hung on him the label of a child who is not amenable to education. And only the new teacher of the Russian language saw good qualities in him and was able to help the child.
In the process of creating an essay, review, essay, oral expression, it is necessary to prove the main idea (thesis) with arguments, quotations and examples appropriate to the topic, which causes difficulties for schoolchildren.
Here are examples abstracts, quotes and arguments following dilemmas:
1. Education and culture.
2. Education of a person.
3. The role of science in modern life.
4. Man and scientific progress.
5. Spiritual consequences of scientific discoveries.
6. Struggle between the new and the old as a source of development.
Possible theses:
1. The knowledge of the world cannot be suspended by anything.
2. Scientific progress should not be ahead of the moral abilities of man.
3. The purpose of science is to make a person happy.
Quotes:
1. We can as we know (Heraclitus, ancient Greek philosopher).
2. Not every change is development (the most ancient philosophers).
3. We were quite civilized to build a machine, but very simple to use it (K. Kraus, German scientist).
4. We left the caves, but the cave has not yet left us (Antony Regulsky).
Arguments:
1. Scientific progress and moral properties of a person.
1) The uncontrolled development of science and technology worries people more and more. Let's imagine for ourselves a baby who dressed in his own father's suit. He is wearing a large jacket, long pants, a hat that slips over his eyes... Doesn't this picture remind of a modern person? Not having time to grow morally, grow up, mature, he became the owner of a powerful technique that can kill all life on Earth.
2) The population of the earth in its development has achieved great success: a computer, a telephone, a bot, a conquered atom ... However, a strange thing: the stronger a person becomes, the more anxious is the expectation of the future. What will happen to us? Where are we heading? Let's imagine an inexperienced driver driving at breakneck speed in his new car. How nice it is to feel the speed, how nice it is to realize that a mighty motor is subject to your every movement! However, at one point, the driver realizes with fear that he cannot stop his car. The population of the earth is like this young driver who rushes into an unknown distance, not knowing what is lurking there, around the corner.
3) In ancient mythology there is a legend about Pandora's box. A woman found a strange chest in her husband's house. She knew that this object was fraught with terrible danger, but her curiosity was so strong that she could not stand it and opened the lid. Various failures flew out of the box and scattered around the world. In this myth, a warning sounds to the entire population of the earth: ill-considered actions on the path of knowledge can lead to a disastrous end.
4) In M. Bulgakov's story, Dr. Preobrazhensky turns a dog into a man. Scientists are driven by a thirst for knowledge, a desire to change nature. However, sometimes progress turns into terrible consequences: a two-legged creature with a "dog's heart" is not yet a person, since there is no soul in it, no love, honor, nobility.
5) “We boarded the plane, but we don’t know where it will fly to!” - wrote the recognizable Russian writer Y. Bondarev. These words sound a warning addressed to the entire population of the earth. Indeed, we are sometimes very carefree, we do something, i.e. “getting on a plane” without thinking about what the consequences of our hasty decisions and thoughtless actions will be. And these consequences can be fatal.
6) Information is constantly flickering in the press that the elixir of immortality will soon appear. Death will be completely defeated. However, for many people this news did not cause a surge of joy; on the contrary, anxiety intensified. What will this immortality mean for a person?
7) To this day, disputes about how legitimate, from a moral point of view, experiments related to human cloning do not fade away. Who will be born as a result of this cloning? What will this creature be? Human? Cyborg? means of production?
8) It is naive to think that by some kind of bans, strikes, it is possible to suspend scientific and technological progress. So, for example, in Great Britain, during the period of rapid development of technology, the movement of Luddites began, who, in desperation, broke cars. There was an opportunity to realize people: many of them lost their jobs after the machines began to be used in factories. However, the introduction of technological advances ensured an increase in productivity, because the performance of the followers of the apprentice Ludd was doomed. Another thing is that by their protest they forced society to think about the fate of certain people, about the cost that has to be paid for moving forward.
9) One sci-fi story tells how the hero, being in the house of a famous scientist, saw a vessel in which the scientist's double was alcoholized - his genetic copy. The guest was amazed at the immorality of this act: “How did you have the opportunity to make a creature similar to yourself, and later destroy it?” And he heard in response: “Why do you think that I created it? He made me!"
10) Nicolaus Copernicus, after lengthy long-term research work, concluded that the center of our Universe is not the Earth, but the Sun. However, the scientist did not dare to publish data about his own discovery for a long time, as he realized that such a message would turn people's ideas about the world order, and this could lead to unpredictable consequences.
11) Now we have not yet learned how to cure many deadly diseases, hunger has not yet been defeated, the most acute difficulties have not yet been resolved. But at the technical level, a person is already capable of killing all life on the planet. At one time, the Earth was inhabited by dinosaurs - big monsters, true killing machines. In the process of evolution, these huge reptiles disappeared. Will the population of the earth repeat the fate of the dinosaurs?
12) There have been cases in history when certain secrets that could harm the population of the earth were destroyed on purpose. Namely, in 1903, the Russian doctor Filippov, who invented the method of radio transmission over long distances of shock waves from an explosion, was found dead in his laboratory. After that, by order of Nicholas II, all the documents were confiscated and burned, and the laboratory was destroyed. It is not clear whether the ruler was guided by the interests of his security or the future of the population of the earth, however, such means of transmitting the power of an atomic or hydrogen explosion could indeed be disastrous for the population of the globe.
13) Not so long ago, newspapers said that a church under construction was demolished in Batumi. A week later, the district administration building fell. Seven people died under the ruins. Many residents took these actions not as an ordinary coincidence, but as a severe warning that society had chosen the wrong path.
14) In one of the Ural cities, they decided to blow up an abandoned church, so that it would be easier to extract marble at this place. When the explosion thundered, it turned out that the marble slab was cracked in almost all places and became unusable. This example clearly indicates that the thirst for momentary gain leads a person to stupid destruction.
2. Laws of social development.
A) Man and power.
1) History knows many unsuccessful attempts against the will to make a person happy. In that case, freedom is taken away from people, then paradise will be transformed into a dungeon. The favorite of Tsar Alexander I, General Arakcheev, creating military settlements in the early 19th century, pursued good goals. The peasants were forbidden to drink vodka, they were supposed to go to church at the appointed hours, the kids were to be sent to schools, they were forbidden to be punished. It would seem that everything is correct! However, people were forced to be good, they were forced to adore, to work, to study... And a man deprived of his freedom, turned into a slave, rebelled: a wave of general protest arose, and Arakcheev's reforms were curtailed.
2) They decided to help one African tribe that lived in the equatorial zone. Young Africans were taught to grow rice, tractors and seeders were brought to them. A year has passed - they came to see how the tribe lives, gifted with new knowledge. What a disappointment it was when they saw that the tribe lived as it is: they sold tractors to farmers, and with the proceeds they arranged a nationwide holiday. This example is a sweet-tongued evidence that a person must mature to realize his own needs, you can’t make anyone rich, smart and happy against their will.
3) In one kingdom, there was a powerful drought, people began to die of hunger and thirst. The ruler turned to the soothsayer, who came to them from distant states. He predicted that the drought would end, as a stranger would be sacrificed. Then the ruler gave the order to destroy the soothsayer and throw him into the well. The drought ended, but from that time on, the invariable hunt for foreign wanderers began.
4) The historian Yevgeny Tarle, in one of his own books, tells about Nicholas I's visit to the Moscow Institute. When the rector introduced him to the best students, Nicholas I said: "I do not need literates, but I need novices." The attitude towards literate and novices in various fields of knowledge and art speaks sweetly of the nature of society.
5) In 1848, the inhabitant Nikifor Nikitin was exiled to the distant settlement of Baikonur "for seditious speeches about flying to the moon." Naturally, no one had the opportunity to know that a century later, a cosmodrome would be built on this very spot in the Kazakh steppe and spaceships would fly to where the prophetic eyes of the exalted dreamer were looking.
B) Man and knowledge.
1) The most ancient historians say that at one fine moment a stranger came to the Roman emperor, who brought as a gift a shiny, like silver, but very soft metal. The master said that he extracts this metal from clay earth. The ruler, horrified that the new metal would devalue his treasures, ordered the inventor's head to be cut off.
2) Archimedes, knowing that a person suffers from drought and famine, proposed new methods of irrigating the land. Thanks to his discovery, productivity increased sharply, people ended starving.
3) The outstanding scientist Fleming discovered penicillin. This pharmaceutical product saved the lives of millions of people who had previously died from blood infections.
4) One British engineer in the middle of the 19th century invented an improved cartridge. However, the bureaucrats from the military department arrogantly said to him: "We are strong in the absence of that, only the weak ones need to improve weapons."
5) The famous scientist Jenner, who overcame smallpox with the help of vaccinations, came across the words of an ordinary peasant woman with a brilliant idea. The doctor told her that she had smallpox. To this, the woman replied in a relaxed manner: “It can’t be, since I already had cowpox.” The doctor did not consider these words the result of dark ignorance, but began to conduct observations, which led to an excellent discovery.
6) The Premature Middle Ages are called the "Dark Ages". The raids of the barbarians, the destruction of the ancient civilization led to the deepest decline of civilization. It was hard to find a literate person not only among the common people, but also among the people of the upper class. So, for example, the founder of the Frankish country, Charles the Great, could not write. But the thirst for knowledge is characteristic of man in the beginning. The same Charles the Great during his campaigns always carried with him wax tablets for writing, on which, under the guidance of teachers, he diligently drew letters.
7) For thousands of years, ripe apples have been falling from the trees, but no one has attributed any significance to this ordinary phenomenon. It was necessary for the majestic Newton to be born in order to look with new, more sensitive eyes at an ordinary fact and discover the universal law of motion.
8) It is unrealistic to calculate how many disasters people have brought their ignorance. In the Middle Ages, any misfortune: the illness of a baby, the death of livestock, rain, drought, crop failure, the loss of some thing - was explained by the machinations of evil spirits. A merciless witch hunt began, bonfires blazed. Instead of curing diseases, improving agriculture, helping each other, people spent great strength on a stupid struggle with the fabulous "servants of Satan", not realizing that with their blind fanaticism, their dark ignorance, they just serve the Devil.
9) It is difficult to overestimate the role of a mentor in the development of a person. The legend about the meeting of Socrates with Xenophon, the future historian, is curious. Once talking with an unfamiliar young man, Socrates asked him where to go for flour and oil. Young Xenophon replied briskly: "To the market." Socrates asked: “What about wisdom and virtue?” The guy was in a hurry. "Follow me, I'll show you!" Socrates promised. And the long-term path to the truth connected the famous teacher and his student with strong friendship.
10) The desire to learn new things lives in each of us, and sometimes this feeling takes possession of a person so much that it forces him to change the current path. Now not enough people know that Joule, who discovered the law of conservation of energy, was a cook. The excellent Faraday began his own journey as a peddler in a shop. And Coulomb worked as an engineer for fortifications and gave physics only his free time from work. For these people, the search for something new has become the meaning of life.
11) New ideas pave the way for themselves in a hard struggle with old views, rooted views. So, one of the professors, lecturing students on physics, called Einstein's theory of relativity "an unfortunate scientific misunderstanding."
12) At one time, Joule used a volt battery to start an electric motor he had assembled from it. However, the battery soon ran out, and a brand new one was very expensive. Joel decided that the horse would never be replaced by the electric motor, because feeding a horse was even cheaper than changing the zinc in a battery. Now, when electricity is used everywhere, the worldview of a famous scientist seems trusting to us. This example indicates that it is very difficult to predict the future, it is difficult to look at the abilities that will be revealed to a person.
13) In the middle of the 17th century, Captain de Clie carried a coffee stalk from Paris to the Martinique peninsula. The voyage was very languid: the ship survived a fierce battle with pirates, a terrible storm almost smashed it against the mountains. The ship's masts were broken and the rigging was broken. Supplies of fresh water gradually began to dry up. She was given strictly measured portions. The captain, barely standing on his feet from thirst, gave the last drops of precious water to a greenish sprout ... A couple of years passed, and coffee trees covered the Martinique peninsula. This story allegorically reflects the difficult path of any scientific truth. A person carefully cherishes in his own soul a sprout of a yet unknown discovery, waters it with moisture of hope and inspiration, shelters it from prosaic storms and storms of despair... And here it is - the saving shore of final insight. The mature tree of truth will give seeds, and whole plantations of theories, monographs, scientific laboratories, technical innovations will cover the continents of knowledge.
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