Akhmat Kadyrov was born on August 23, 1951 in the city of Karaganda, Kazakhstan. The boy's mother and father, Mari and Abdulkhamid, were deported by Chechens, so the child was born quite far from their historical homeland. In April 1957, the family returned to the Chechen-Ingush Republic, to the village of Tsentaroy, Shali district. After receiving a certificate of secondary education from the Bachiyurt school in 1968, he studied at the courses of a combine driver in the village of Kalinovskaya, Naursky district.
From 1969 to 1971, the young man worked at the Novogroznensky rice-growing state farm in the Gudermes region. In 1971, Kadyrov left the Republic to work. He worked in construction organizations in the Non-Black Earth Region and Siberia for nine years.
Further, in 1980, in the direction of the Gudermes Cathedral Mosque, the twenty-nine-year-old Kadyrov went to Uzbekistan, where he entered the Mir-Arab Madrasah of Bukhara. After graduating from an educational institution in 1982, he left for Tashkent to study at a local Islamic institute. Four years later, Akhmat Abdulkhamidovich returned to Gudermes, where he became the deputy imam of the Gudermes Cathedral Mosque.
In 1989, Kadyrov opened and headed the First Islamic University in the Caucasus. In 1993 he was appointed deputy mufti of Chechnya, and a year later he was already fully acting mufti. In 1995, Akhmat was elected the Spiritual Head of the Muslims of Chechnya.
By order of the President of Russia in 2000, Akhmat Abdulkhamidovich Kadyrov was appointed head of the administration of the Chechen Republic. Two years later, the politician headed the commission for the development of the Constitution of the Chechen Republic. At the same time, he was appointed head of the group of the State Council, which was engaged in countering religious extremism.
In the elections of October 5, 2003, Kadyrov Akhmat Abdulkhamidovich won over 80% of the vote and became the first President of the Chechen Republic. The politician took responsibility for the fate of his people. At that time, terrorism flourished in the republic. The head was in the thick of things and was able to become a real leader of his republic and earn people's love. All his actions were directed to the benefit of the Chechen Republic.
Work as the Head of the Chechen Republic was short-lived. Akhmat Abdulkhamidovich Kadyrov tragically died in a terrorist attack May 9, 2004 at the Dynamo stadium in Grozny. An explosive device with a capacity of up to one kilogram in TNT equivalent was an artillery bomb, the bomb was planted in one of the pillars of the podium. As a result of the terrorist act, 7 people were killed, including the head of the Chechen Republic.
They buried Akhmat Kadyrov at home, in the Kurchaloevsky district, in the village of Tsentoroi. Later, the Dynamo stadium was renamed in honor of the first president of the republic, Akhmat Arena.
Akhmat Kadyrov's awards
November 22, 2001 - by decree of the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin, he was awarded the Order of Friendship.
May 10, 2004 - by decree of the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin, he was awarded the title of Hero of Russia (posthumously).
August 20, 2005 - by decree of the President of the Chechen Republic, Alu Alkhanov was awarded the medal "For Merit to the Chechen Republic" (posthumously).
Memory of Akhmat Kadyrov
In June 2004, a school in Tsentaroy received the name of Akhmat Kadyrov (On May 10, 2004, Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a decree perpetuating the memory of Akhmat Kadyrov, which ordered to assign his name to the school where Akhmat Kadyrov studied).
In the city of Gudermes on July 20, 2004, the opening ceremony of the children's playground named after Akhmat Kadyrov took place.
In Moscow, in Yuzhny Butovo (South-Western Administrative District), on August 17, 2004, a new street was named after Akhmat Kadyrov.
On August 23, 2004, the first monuments to the late president were erected in Achkhoy-Martan and Gudermes.
On August 20, 2005, in Grozny, on Akhmat Kadyrov Square, a monument to Akhmat Kadyrov, 10 meters high, was erected by Zurab Tsereteli. In addition, there are other monuments to A. A. Kadyrov in Grozny.
On November 27, 2005, a mosque was opened in Tsentaroi, built with funds from the public fund named after Akhmad Kadyrov.
In December 2005, the newly elected parliament of Chechnya proposed in honor of Akhmat Kadyrov to rename the capital of Chechnya, calling it Akhmatkala (literally: City of Akhmat). The offer was subsequently withdrawn.
In Grozny on October 17, 2008, the grand opening of the mosque named after Akhmat Kadyrov took place.
Chechnya often hosts cultural events dedicated to the memory of the first President of the Chechen Republic, Hero of Russia Akhmat-Khadzhi Kadyrov.
In the village of Beno-Yurt, a kindergarten is named after Kadyrov, in the Naursky district - a construction team, in the village of Tsentaroy - the Cadet Corps, in Grozny - a gymnasium.
In Rostov-on-Don, at the initiative of the Governor of the Rostov Region Vladimir Chub, the ship of the Donrechflot company was named after Akhmat Kadyrov.
In the village of Malaya Saran on August 23, 2012, a memorial sign was opened in honor of the first president of the Chechen Republic.
In Israel, the local council of the village of Abu Gosh named one of the streets in honor of Akhmat Kadyrov. On this street on March 23, 2014, the mosque "named after the first president of the Chechen Republic, Hero of Russia Akhmat Hadji Kadyrov", one of the largest in Israel, was opened.
Park named after Akhmat Kadyrov - Amman Achkhoy-Martan Vedeno Grozny
Park of Culture and Leisure named after Akhmat Kadyrov - Grozny (2007)
Square named after Akhmad Kadyrov - Grozny (02.05.2007)
Square named after Akhmat Kadyrov - Grozny (19.08.2004), Gudermes (2004), Sernovodskaya (15.11.2007) Shawls
Prospect named after Akhmat Kadyrov - Grozny (19.08.2004) Gudermes
Street named after Akhmat Kadyrov - Avtury Agishty Argun Assinovskaya Achkhoy-Martan (23.07.2004) Balance Belgata Benoy Berkat-Yurt Bovly Germenchuk Gikalo Goyty Goryacheistochnenskaya Dachu-Barzoy Duba-Yurt Zakan-Yurt Znamenskoye Komsomolskoye Kurchaloy Makhachkala (13.09.2012) Mes Ker-Yurt Moscow (17.08.2004) New Atagi Novy Shara Nozhai-Yurt Oiskhar Pervomayskaya Prigorodnoe Serzhen-Yurt Sernovodskaya Tolstoy-Yurt Urus-Martan Ushkaloi Himoi Chiri-Yurt Chishki Shali Shatoi Shara Shikaroy Elistanzhi Leninaul Engel-Yurt Nalchik (12.2011) Abu-Gosh (11.2011)
2nd street named after Akhmat Kadyrov - Belgatoy
Alley named after Akhmat Kadyrov - Magas (08.2011) Grozny
Akhmat Kadyrov Bridge - St. Petersburg (16.06.2016)
Street in with. Bammatyurt, Khasavyurt district of the Republic of Dagestan.
Family of Akhmat Kadyrov
Akhmat Kadyrov belonged to the Benoy teip. He was a representative of the most common vird in Chechnya of the Kuntahadzhins from the Sufi tariqa Qadiriyya.
Father - Abdulkhamid Kadyrov (1920-2008), died at the age of 88.
Mother - Marie Kadyrova (nee Chechenova) (1921-2012), lived for almost 91 years.
Wife - Aimani (married since 1970).
Son Ramzan (born in 1976) is a Russian statesman and politician, since February 2007 the President of the Chechen Republic (now the Head of the Chechen Republic).
Daughter - Zargan (born in 1971)
Daughter - Zulai (born in 1972)
Akhmat-hadji Kadyrov photo
Comes from a religious family, father and five uncles are religious figures.
Belongs to the largest Chechen teip Benoy. He is a representative of the most common vird (religious brotherhood) in Chechnya of the Kuntahadzhins from the Kadiri Sufi order.
In 1980, he was sent by the Gudermes regional administration to study at the Mir-Arab madrasah in Bukhara, and graduated from it. In Bukhara, he studied with the current chairman of the Council of Muftis of Russia, Ravil Gainutdin. Later he graduated from the Islamic Institute in Tashkent.
He was the deputy of the Gudermes imam.
In 1989 he was the initiator of the creation and until 1994 the head of the Islamic Institute of the North Caucasus in the village of Kurchaloy (created in 1991).
In 1990-1991 studied at the Sharia faculty of Jordan University. He returned to Chechnya after the independence of the republic was declared in the autumn of 1991, became an active figure in the spiritual administration (Muftiate) of the Chechen Republic, deputy Mufti of Chechnya Arsanukaev.
In 1994, Arsanukaev went abroad (for treatment), and Kadyrov began to fulfill his duties. Since 1994, he fought in the ranks of the Chechen militias against federal troops. After Arsanukaev refused to support jihad, radical Chechen leaders decided to formally remove him. In 1995, at the congress, which was attended by the Ulama of five mountainous regions, as well as field commanders Basaev, Yandarbiev and Maskhadov, he was elected Mufti of Chechnya. There were no other contenders, since only Kadyrov decided to support the idea of jihad. Since he was not a legitimately elected mufti, he was considered something like a field mufti. With the support of field commanders, he launched a campaign against the mullahs of the Arsanukaev muftiate.
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Participated in negotiations between Aslan Maskhadov and Alexander Lebed in Novye Atagi in August 1996.
In 1996, he convened a congress of Ulama in Grozny and suggested that they elect another mufti (because he considered himself a military-religious leader), but the Alims again elected him.
He actively supported Aslan Maskhadov, advocated a resolute struggle against religious extremists, and demanded a ban on Wahhabism propaganda.
Since 1997, there have been two unsuccessful assassination attempts on him. According to the Kommersant-Vlast weekly, in June 1999, on the wave of anti-Wahhabism in Chechnya, he took part in an attempted internal coup. At a secret meeting, which was attended by all the leaders of the Ichkerian law enforcement agencies, Kadyrov was elected military emir. According to Sharia, the military amir was supposed to replace the secular president, but the commander of the national guard Magomed Khambiev and the minister of internal affairs Aidamir Abalaev remained loyal to Maskhadov, and the coup attempt was stopped.
He condemned the invasion of Dagestan by field commanders Basayev and Khottab, demanded that Maskhadov declare them illegal.
In August 1999, he was removed from the post of mufti by Maskhadov's decree. Decree not recognized.
In September 1999, he announced his disobedience to the president of Ichkeria and his readiness to support the anti-terrorist operation of the federal troops.
In October 1999, together with the field commanders, the Yamadayev brothers, he declared Gudermes, the Gudermes and Kurchaloevsky districts a territory free from Wahhabism. Together with the Yamadayevs, he played a key role in the peaceful transfer of Gudermes and most of the villages in the Gudermes and Kurchaloy districts under the control of Russian troops.
In November 1999, he was considered by the Russian government as an alternative candidate for A. Maskhadov in the negotiation process between Russia and Chechnya.
On November 30, 1999, the Council of Muftis of Russia asked the Government of the Russian Federation to protect the Mufti of Chechnya, who on November 28 was named an enemy of the nation by Aslan Maskhadov.
On March 16, 2000, he advocated the introduction of direct presidential rule in Chechnya, which should operate for one or two years, after which elections of the president of the republic should take place. Regarding the head of the republic, Kadyrov said that the head should be a Chechen who lived and lives now in Chechnya. Those who watched the events on TV from Moscow, let them continue to watch. Concerning his own candidacy, the Mufti, without false modesty, said that he would take up this matter. I will undertake this for the sake of my people in order to finally put an end to lawlessness (www.polit.ru).
June 12, 2000 was appointed head of the administration of the Chechen Republic. In connection with this, he is going to remove the authorities of the mufti from himself.
Of the 18 heads of Chechnya's districts, three supported Kadyrov's appointment. Soon after Kadyrov's appointment, the heads of 12 districts of Chechnya appealed to Russian President V. Putin with a request to release Kadyrov from his post. In addition, 44 employees of the interim administration of Chechnya wrote a letter about the possibility of cooperating with yesterday's leader of jihad in a petition.
Kadyrov took office on June 20, 2000. The inauguration ceremony was postponed twice (on June 16 and 19) due to the fact that Kadyrov refused to come to Gudermes unless he was personally handed over the relevant powers by the representative of the President of Russia in the North Caucasus Viktor Kazantsev. Only on June 20 the ceremony took place.
On August 22, 2000, he resigned as the mufti of Chechnya in connection with the election of Akhmad Shamaev to this position.
In September 2000 he visited the United States, where he took part in the work of the World Forum of Religious and Spiritual Leaders.
In January 2001, he proposed to withdraw troops from Chechnya, since the military phase of the anti-terrorist operation was completed, and the troops only complicate the post-war situation.
On February 14, 2001, at a meeting with the special representative of the President of the Russian Federation, Kalamanov, he said that henceforth the Chechen authorities did not intend to allow independent activities of humanitarian organizations, because individual organizations were speculating on the problems of Chechnya, on the blood of peoples (Interfax, February 14, 2001).
In March 2001, he opposed the holding of the Congress of the Peoples of Chechnya, which was initiated by State Duma deputy Aslanbek Aslakhanov. On April 16, 2001, he signed a decree banning all congresses, rallies and other mass gatherings until the situation in the republic is completely stabilized.
Son Ramazan works as his father's personal bodyguard; in May 2000 he was shell-shocked as a result of an assassination attempt, and at the suggestion of V. Putin, a special flight of the Russian Air Force was delivered for examination to the Moscow hospital named after. Burdenko. On January 18, 2001, an attempt was made on Ramzan Kadyrov again.
In January 2001, Akhmad Kadyrov agreed to head the Board of Directors of the Chechen branch of Rosneft.
On January 19, 2001, the President of the Russian Federation issued a decree "On the system of executive bodies of the Chechen Republic", according to which the administration of the Chechen Republic ceased to be "provisional". The head of administration received the right to appoint and dismiss his deputy - the Chairman of the Government of the Chechen Republic (in agreement with the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation in the Southern Federal District).
In August 2003, he entered the election campaign for the election of the President of the Chechen Republic. He entered the elections as an independent candidate, refusing official support of the United Russia party.
daughters: Zargan and Zulai
2) Institute of Management and Business of Makhachkala
In April 1957, the Kadyrov family returned to the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, to the village of Tsentaroy, Shalinsky District (now in the Kurchaloevsky District).
Youth
From 1969 to 1971 he worked at the Novogroznensky rice-growing state farm in the Gudermes region.
Religious education and career (1980-1991)
In 1980, in the direction of the Gudermes Cathedral Mosque, the 29-year-old Kadyrov went to the Uzbek SSR, where he entered the Mir-Arab Madrasah of Bukhara. Two years later he graduated from the madrasah.
The coming to power of Dudayev and the period before the first Chechen war (1991-1994)
On June 8, 1991, at the 2nd session of the OKCHN, Dudayev proclaimed the independence of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria. In connection with these events, Akhmat Kadyrov interrupted his studies in 1991 and returned to Chechnya. Immediately after the armed seizure of power by Dudayev and Chechen nationalists in the fall of 1991, Kadyrov became an active figure in the spiritual administration (Muftiate) of the Chechen Republic.
In 1993 he was appointed Deputy Mufti of the CRI. At the same time, he took part in military operations against federal troops, supporting the idea of jihad. As the new spiritual leader of Ichkeria, Kadyrov declared jihad on Russia.
In September 1994, Kadyrov became the acting mufti of the CRI, after Said-Akhmed Alsabekov (Muhammad Khusein Alsabekov) renounced jihad in the midst of the war, for which he was declared a deserter and, by the verdict of the Sharia court, was subjected to caning. Kadyrov was recommended to Dudayev by field commanders Shamil Basaev and Ruslan Gelaev. At the same time, Kadyrov declared jihad on Russia (later terminated in connection with the Khasavyurt agreements).
Jihad was first declared at the end of 1994 by the then mufti Alsabekov. At that time, I worked as his deputy and firmly believed that the progressive minds of the Chechen people had proclaimed an independent republic and that Russia, by introducing its troops, wanted to suppress this independence. Without delving into the then political situation, without analyzing what happened under Zavgaev's rule, I continued the jihad declared by him shortly after Alsabekov left Chechnya.
First Chechen War (1994-1996)
In 1995, Kadyrov was elected mufti of Chechnya.
In 1995, on March 24, a congress was held with the participation of all Chechen generals - Yandarbiyev, Basayev, Maskhadov, where I was offered to head the spiritual line of the republic.
In April 1995, a congress of the Chechen people took place in Shatoi. There, in the name of Allah, I raised everyone to military operations. Together with the people, he swore an oath not to spare either himself or his condition in this war. Stay until the end. So I approved jihad.
On April 21, 1996, Dzhokhar Dudayev was killed by Russian troops. He was replaced by Aslan Maskhadov. After the death of the president of self-proclaimed and unrecognized by the world community of Ichkeria, Dudayev, Kadyrov supported Maskhadov for a long time.
Akhmat Kadyrov participated in hostilities in the ranks of the Ichkerian troops against Russian troops until 1996. He was awarded the Order of Ichkeria "Honor of the Nation".
On August 31, 1996, representatives of Russia (Secretary of the Security Council Alexander Lebed) and Ichkeria (Aslan Maskhadov) signed ceasefire agreements in the city of Khasavyurt (Republic of Dagestan). Russian troops were completely withdrawn from Chechnya, and the decision on the status of the republic was postponed until December 31, 2001.
Interwar years, fight against Wahhabism
In June 1999, taking advantage of Maskhadov's weakness, Kadyrov, on the wave of anti-Wahhabism, made an attempt to subdue all the power structures of Chechnya. At a secret meeting attended by almost all the heads of law enforcement agencies, Kadyrov was elected military amir. In accordance with Sharia law, the amir was to become head of state after the removal of the secular president. At that time only the Commander of the National Guard Magomed Khambiev and Minister of Internal Affairs Aidamir Abalaev remained loyal to Maskhadov. Nevertheless, Maskhadov managed to stop the coup attempt. [How?] .
Head of Administration of Chechnya
March 16, 2000 advocated the introduction of direct presidential rule in Chechnya for the period until the new presidential elections in the Chechen Republic.
On June 12, by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation, he was appointed Head of the Administration of the Chechen Republic (CR). He assumed this position on June 20, and on August 22 he resigned as the Mufti of Chechnya.
In 2001 he graduated from the Faculty of Economics of the Institute of Management and Business (Makhachkala).
In the summer of 2001, he signed a decree that banned the activities of religious organizations professing Wahhabism in Chechnya.
In 2003 he defended his dissertation for the degree of Candidate of Political Science.
President of Chechnya
On October 5, 2003, he was elected President of the Chechen Republic (80.84% of voters voted for him). October 19, 2003 takes office as President of the Chechen Republic.
Doom
- Said-Selim Peshkhoev, who was the head of the Internal Affairs Directorate of Chechnya in 2001-2002, noted in an interview with the magazine "Power" (05.24.2004).The Minister of the Interior of Chechnya Ruslan Alkhanov, who at the fateful hour was next to Kadyrov (he was the head of his guard) and was wounded, recalled in 2011:
At 10:35 there was a terrorist attack - an explosive device went off on the central stand of the stadium. According to Colonel General V. Baranov, the explosives were planted in advance, during the reconstruction of the stadium; on the day of the holiday, jammers of radio signals worked, but the explosion was carried out by wire. According to official figures, seven people were killed and more than 50 were injured. Kadyrov was seriously wounded and died on the way to the hospital without regaining consciousness. At the same time, the chairman of the State Council of the Chechen Republic, Hussein Isaev, died.
According to Kadyrov, a three-day mourning was declared in Chechnya, the deceased president was buried on May 10 in his ancestral village of Tsentaroy.
On June 15, 2006, the website of the Chechen separatists "Kavkaz Center" circulated a statement by Shamil Basayev, in which he claimed responsibility for the attack. According to the same statement, the performers were paid $50,000.
Family
Since 1970 he has been married to Aimani (born August 4, 1953). Sons - Zelimkhan (1974 - May 31, 2004) and Ramzan (born in 1976), daughters - Zargan (born in 1971) and Zulai (born in 1972).
The youngest son of Akhmat Kadyrov, Ramzan Kadyrov, is a Russian statesman and political figure, since February 2007 the President of the Chechen Republic (now the Head of the Chechen Republic).
Actions to perpetuate the memory
- In June 2004, a school in Tsentaroy received the name of Akhmat Kadyrov (On May 10, 2004, Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a decree perpetuating the memory of Akhmat Kadyrov, which ordered to assign his name to the school where Akhmat Kadyrov studied).
- On July 20, 2004, the opening ceremony of the children's playground named after Akhmat Kadyrov took place in the city of Gudermes.
- On August 17, 2004, a new street was named after Akhmat Kadyrov in Yuzhny Butovo (South-Western Administrative District) in Moscow.
- On August 23, 2004, the first monuments to the late president were erected in Achkhoy-Martan and Gudermes.
- On August 20, 2005, a 10 m high monument to Akhmat Kadyrov by Zurab Tsereteli was erected in Grozny on Akhmat Kadyrov Square. In addition, there are other monuments to A. A. Kadyrov in Grozny.
- On November 27, 2005, a mosque was opened in Tsentaroy, built with funds from the public fund named after Akhmat Kadyrov.
- In December 2005, the newly elected parliament of Chechnya proposed in honor of Akhmat Kadyrov to rename the capital of Chechnya, calling it Akhmatkala (literally: Akhmata city). The offer was subsequently withdrawn.
- On October 17, 2008, the grand opening of the mosque named after Akhmad Kadyrov took place in Grozny.
- Chechnya often hosts cultural events dedicated to the memory of the first President of the Chechen Republic, Hero of Russia Akhmat-Khadzhi Kadyrov.
- In the village of Beno-Yurt, a kindergarten is named after Kadyrov, in the Naursky district - a construction team, in the village of Tsentaroy - the Cadet Corps, in Grozny - a gymnasium.
- In Rostov-on-Don, at the initiative of the Governor of the Rostov Region Vladimir Chub, the ship of the Donrechflot company was named after Akhmat Kadyrov.
- In Israel, the local council of the village of Abu Gosh named one of the streets after Akhmat Kadyrov. On this street on March 23, 2014, the mosque "named after the first president of the Chechen Republic, Hero of Russia Akhmat Hadji Kadyrov", one of the largest in Israel, was opened.
- Street in with. Bammatyurt, Khasavyurt district of the Republic of Dagestan. .
Streets, avenues, parks named after Akhmat Kadyrov
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Awards and titles
Quotes
No, I said in 1995-96, I called on the Chechens to kill as many as you can. I didn't say 100, 150, 200, I said "as much as you can". I then called for jihad, so this is also not a secret, but I did not say 150.
The newspapers have already written that the ratio of 1:150 is not accidental: there are about 1 million Chechens in the Caucasus and in the Diaspora, and 150 million Russians. Kadyrov actually called Chechens to the genocide of Russians.
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Notes
- - biography, interviews, photos, memories
An excerpt characterizing Kadyrov, Akhmat Abdulkhamidovich
It was still quite dark outside. The rain had passed, but the drops were still falling from the trees. Near the guardroom one could see the black figures of Cossack huts and horses tied together. Behind the hut, two wagons with horses stood black, and a burning fire burned red in the ravine. The Cossacks and hussars were not all asleep: in some places, along with the sound of falling drops and the close sound of horses chewing, soft, as if whispering voices were heard.Petya came out of the passage, looked around in the darkness, and went up to the wagons. Someone was snoring under the wagons, and saddled horses stood around them, chewing oats. In the darkness, Petya recognized his horse, which he called Karabakh, although it was a Little Russian horse, and went up to her.
“Well, Karabakh, we’ll serve tomorrow,” he said, sniffing her nostrils and kissing her.
- What, sir, do not sleep? - said the Cossack, who was sitting under the wagon.
- No; and ... Likhachev, it seems to be your name? After all, I just arrived. We went to the French. - And Petya told the Cossack in detail not only his trip, but also why he went and why he thinks that it is better to risk his life than to make Lazarus at random.
“Well, they would have slept,” said the Cossack.
“No, I’m used to it,” Petya answered. - And what, the flints in your pistols are not upholstered? I brought with me. Isn't it necessary? You take it.
The Cossack leaned out from under the truck to take a closer look at Petya.
“Because I’m used to doing everything carefully,” said Petya. - Others, somehow, do not get ready, then they regret it. I don't like that.
“That’s right,” said the Cossack.
“And one more thing, please, my dear, sharpen my saber; blunt ... (but Petya was afraid to lie) she had never been honed. Can it be done?
- Why, maybe.
Likhachev got up and rummaged through his packs, and Petya soon heard the warlike sound of steel on a bar. He climbed onto the wagon and sat on its edge. The Cossack sharpened his saber under the wagon.
- And what, the good fellows sleep? Petya said.
- Who is sleeping, and who is like this.
- Well, what about the boy?
- Is it spring? He was there, in the hallways, collapsed. Sleeping with fear. It was glad.
For a long time after that Petya was silent, listening to the sounds. Footsteps were heard in the darkness and a black figure appeared.
- What are you sharpening? the man asked, approaching the wagon.
- But the master sharpen his saber.
“It’s a good thing,” said the man, who seemed to be a hussar to Petya. - Do you have a cup left?
“At the wheel.
The hussar took the cup.
“It’s probably light soon,” he said, yawning, and went somewhere.
Petya should have known that he was in the forest, in the party of Denisov, a verst from the road, that he was sitting on a wagon recaptured from the French, near which horses were tied, that the Cossack Likhachev was sitting under him and sharpening his saber, that a large black spot to the right - a guardhouse, and a bright red spot below to the left - a dying fire, that the man who came for a cup was a hussar who wanted to drink; but he knew nothing and did not want to know it. He was in a magical realm, in which there was nothing like reality. A big black spot, maybe it was definitely a guardhouse, or maybe there was a cave that led into the very depths of the earth. The red spot may have been fire, or perhaps the eye of a huge monster. Maybe he’s definitely sitting on a wagon now, but it’s very possible that he’s not sitting on a wagon, but on a terribly high tower, from which if you fall, you would fly to the ground all day, a whole month - all fly and you will never reach . It may be that just the Cossack Likhachev is sitting under the wagon, but it may very well be that this is the kindest, bravest, most wonderful, most excellent person in the world, whom no one knows. Perhaps it was the hussar who was exactly passing for water and went into the hollow, or perhaps he had just disappeared from sight and completely disappeared, and he was not there.
Whatever Petya saw now, nothing would surprise him. He was in a magical realm where anything was possible.
He looked up at the sky. And the sky was as magical as the earth. The sky was clearing, and over the tops of the trees clouds quickly ran, as if revealing the stars. Sometimes it seemed that the sky was clearing and showed a black, clear sky. Sometimes it seemed that these black spots were clouds. Sometimes it seemed that the sky was high, high above the head; sometimes the sky descended completely, so that you could reach it with your hand.
Petya began to close his eyes and sway.
Drops dripped. There was a quiet conversation. The horses neighed and fought. Someone snored.
“Fire, burn, burn, burn…” whistled the saber being sharpened. And suddenly Petya heard a harmonious chorus of music playing some unknown, solemnly sweet hymn. Petya was musical, just like Natasha, and more than Nikolai, but he never studied music, did not think about music, and therefore the motives that suddenly came to his mind were especially new and attractive to him. The music played louder and louder. The tune grew, passed from one instrument to another. There was what is called a fugue, although Petya had no idea what a fugue was. Each instrument, now resembling a violin, now like trumpets - but better and cleaner than violins and trumpets - each instrument played its own and, without finishing the motive, merged with another, which began almost the same, and with the third, and with the fourth , and they all merged into one and again scattered, and again merged first into a solemn church, then into a brightly shining and victorious one.
“Oh, yes, it’s me in a dream,” Petya said to himself, swaying forward. - It's in my ears. Or maybe it's my music. Well, again. Go ahead my music! Well!.."
He closed his eyes. And from different sides, as if from afar, sounds trembled, began to converge, scatter, merge, and again everything united into the same sweet and solemn hymn. “Ah, what a delight it is! As much as I want and how I want,” Petya said to himself. He tried to lead this huge chorus of instruments.
“Well, hush, hush, freeze now. And the sounds obeyed him. - Well, now it's fuller, more fun. More, even happier. - And from an unknown depth rose increasing, solemn sounds. “Well, voices, pester!” Petya ordered. And first, men's voices were heard from afar, then women's. The voices grew, grew in a steady solemn effort. Petya was terrified and joyful to listen to their extraordinary beauty.
A song merged with the solemn victory march, and drops dripped, and burned, burned, burned ... a saber whistled, and again the horses fought and neighed, not breaking the chorus, but entering it.
Petya did not know how long this went on: he enjoyed himself, was constantly surprised at his own pleasure and regretted that there was no one to tell him. Likhachev's gentle voice woke him up.
- Done, your honor, spread the guard in two.
Petya woke up.
- It's getting light, really, it's getting light! he cried.
Previously invisible horses became visible up to their tails, and a watery light was visible through the bare branches. Petya shook himself, jumped up, took out a ruble bill from his pocket and gave it to Likhachev, waved it, tried the saber and put it in its sheath. The Cossacks untie the horses and tighten the girths.
“Here is the commander,” said Likhachev. Denisov came out of the guardroom and, calling to Petya, ordered to get ready.
Quickly in the semi-darkness, they dismantled the horses, tightened the girths and sorted out the teams. Denisov stood at the guardhouse, giving his last orders. The infantry of the party, slapping a hundred feet, advanced along the road and quickly disappeared between the trees in the predawn fog. Esaul ordered something to the Cossacks. Petya kept his horse in line, impatiently waiting for the order to mount. Washed with cold water, his face, especially his eyes, burned with fire, chills ran down his back, and something in his whole body trembled quickly and evenly.
- Well, are you all ready? Denisov said. - Come on horses.
The horses were given. Denisov was angry with the Cossack because the girths were weak, and, having scolded him, sat down. Petya took up the stirrup. The horse, out of habit, wanted to bite his leg, but Petya, not feeling his weight, quickly jumped into the saddle and, looking back at the hussars moving behind in the darkness, rode up to Denisov.
- Vasily Fyodorovich, will you entrust me with something? Please… for God's sake…” he said. Denisov seemed to have forgotten about the existence of Petya. He looked back at him.
“I’ll tell you about one thing,” he said sternly, “obey me and not meddle anywhere.
During the entire journey, Denisov did not say a word to Petya and rode in silence. When we arrived at the edge of the forest, the field was noticeably brighter. Denisov said something in a whisper to the esaul, and the Cossacks began to drive past Petya and Denisov. When they had all passed, Denisov touched his horse and rode downhill. Sitting on their haunches and gliding, the horses descended with their riders into the hollow. Petya rode next to Denisov. The trembling in his whole body grew stronger. It was getting lighter and lighter, only the fog hid distant objects. Driving down and looking back, Denisov nodded his head to the Cossack who was standing beside him.
- Signal! he said.
The Cossack raised his hand, a shot rang out. And at the same moment there was heard the clatter of galloping horses in front, shouts from different directions, and more shots.
At the same moment as the first sounds of trampling and screaming were heard, Petya, kicking his horse and releasing the reins, not listening to Denisov, who shouted at him, galloped forward. It seemed to Petya that it suddenly dawned brightly, like the middle of the day, at the moment a shot was heard. He jumped to the bridge. Cossacks galloped ahead along the road. On the bridge, he ran into a straggler Cossack and galloped on. There were some people in front—they must have been Frenchmen—running from the right side of the road to the left. One fell into the mud under the feet of Petya's horse.
Cossacks crowded around one hut, doing something. A terrible cry was heard from the middle of the crowd. Petya galloped up to this crowd, and the first thing he saw was the pale face of a Frenchman with a trembling lower jaw, holding on to the shaft of a pike pointed at him.
“Hurrah!.. Guys…ours…” Petya shouted and, giving the reins to the excited horse, galloped forward down the street.
Shots were heard ahead. Cossacks, hussars, and ragged Russian prisoners, who fled from both sides of the road, all shouted something loudly and incoherently. A young man, without a hat, with a red frown on his face, a Frenchman in a blue greatcoat fought off the hussars with a bayonet. When Petya jumped up, the Frenchman had already fallen. Late again, Petya flashed through his head, and he galloped to where frequent shots were heard. Shots were heard in the courtyard of the manor house where he had been last night with Dolokhov. The French sat there behind the wattle fence in a dense garden overgrown with bushes and fired at the Cossacks crowded at the gate. Approaching the gate, Petya, in the powder smoke, saw Dolokhov with a pale, greenish face, shouting something to people. "On the detour! Wait for the infantry!” he shouted as Petya rode up to him.
“Wait?.. Hurrah!” Petya shouted and, without a single minute's hesitation, galloped to the place where the shots were heard and where the powder smoke was thicker. A volley was heard, empty and slapped bullets screeched. The Cossacks and Dolokhov jumped after Petya through the gates of the house. The French, in the swaying thick smoke, alone threw down their weapons and ran out of the bushes towards the Cossacks, others ran downhill to the pond. Petya galloped along the manor's yard on his horse and, instead of holding the reins, waved both hands strangely and quickly, and kept falling further and further from the saddle to one side. The horse, having run into a fire smoldering in the morning light, rested, and Petya fell heavily to the wet ground. The Cossacks saw how quickly his arms and legs twitched, despite the fact that his head did not move. The bullet pierced his head.
After talking with a senior French officer, who came out from behind the house with a handkerchief on a sword and announced that they were surrendering, Dolokhov got off his horse and went up to Petya, motionless, with his arms outstretched.
“Ready,” he said, frowning, and went through the gate to meet Denisov, who was coming towards him.
- Killed?! exclaimed Denisov, seeing from a distance that familiar to him, undoubtedly lifeless position, in which Petya's body lay.
“Ready,” repeated Dolokhov, as if pronouncing this word gave him pleasure, and quickly went to the prisoners, who were surrounded by dismounted Cossacks. - We won't take it! he shouted to Denisov.
Denisov did not answer; he rode up to Petya, dismounted from his horse, and with trembling hands turned towards him Petya's already pale face, stained with blood and mud.
“I'm used to anything sweet. Excellent raisins, take them all,” he remembered. And the Cossacks looked back with surprise at the sounds, similar to the barking of a dog, with which Denisov quickly turned away, went up to the wattle fence and grabbed it.
Among the Russian prisoners recaptured by Denisov and Dolokhov was Pierre Bezukhov.
About the party of prisoners in which Pierre was, during his entire movement from Moscow, there was no new order from the French authorities. On October 22, this party was no longer with the troops and convoys with which it left Moscow. Half of the convoy with breadcrumbs, which followed them for the first transitions, was beaten off by the Cossacks, the other half went ahead; the foot cavalrymen who went ahead, there was not one more; they all disappeared. The artillery, which the first crossings could be seen ahead of, was now replaced by the huge convoy of Marshal Junot, escorted by the Westphalians. Behind the prisoners was a convoy of cavalry things.
From Vyazma, the French troops, who had previously marched in three columns, now marched in one heap. Those signs of disorder that Pierre noticed on the first halt from Moscow have now reached the last degree.
The road they were on was paved on both sides with dead horses; ragged people, lagging behind different teams, constantly changing, then joined, then again lagged behind the marching column.
Several times during the campaign there were false alarms, and the soldiers of the convoy raised their guns, fired and ran headlong, crushing each other, but then again gathered and scolded each other for vain fear.
These three gatherings, marching together - the cavalry depot, the depot of prisoners and Junot's convoy - still constituted something separate and integral, although both, and the other, and the third quickly melted away.
In the depot, which had at first been one hundred and twenty wagons, now there were no more than sixty; the rest were repulsed or abandoned. Junot's convoy was also abandoned and several wagons were recaptured. Three wagons were plundered by backward soldiers from Davout's corps who came running. From the conversations of the Germans, Pierre heard that more guards were placed on this convoy than on prisoners, and that one of their comrades, a German soldier, was shot on the orders of the marshal himself because a silver spoon that belonged to the marshal was found on the soldier.
Most of these three gatherings melted the depot of prisoners. Of the three hundred and thirty people who left Moscow, now there were less than a hundred. The prisoners, even more than the saddles of the cavalry depot and than Junot's convoy, burdened the escorting soldiers. Junot's saddles and spoons, they understood that they could be useful for something, but why were the hungry and cold soldiers of the convoy standing guard and guarding the same cold and hungry Russians, who were dying and lagging behind the road, whom they were ordered to shoot - it was not only incomprehensible, but also disgusting. And the escorts, as if afraid in the sad situation in which they themselves were, not to give in to the feeling of pity for the prisoners that was in them and thereby worsen their situation, treated them especially gloomily and strictly.
In Dorogobuzh, while, having locked the prisoners in the stable, the escort soldiers left to rob their own shops, several captured soldiers dug under the wall and ran away, but were captured by the French and shot.
The former order, introduced at the exit from Moscow, that the captured officers should go separately from the soldiers, had long been destroyed; all those who could walk walked together, and from the third passage Pierre had already joined again with Karataev and the lilac bow-legged dog, who had chosen Karataev as his master.
With Karataev, on the third day of leaving Moscow, there was that fever from which he lay in the Moscow hospital, and as Karataev weakened, Pierre moved away from him. Pierre did not know why, but since Karataev began to weaken, Pierre had to make an effort on himself in order to approach him. And going up to him and listening to those quiet groans with which Karataev usually lay down at rest, and feeling the now intensified smell that Karataev emitted from himself, Pierre moved away from him and did not think about him.
In captivity, in a booth, Pierre learned not with his mind, but with his whole being, with his life, that man was created for happiness, that happiness is in himself, in satisfying natural human needs, and that all misfortune comes not from lack, but from excess; but now, in these last three weeks of the campaign, he learned another new, comforting truth - he learned that there is nothing terrible in the world. He learned that just as there is no position in which a person would be happy and completely free, so there is no position in which he would be unhappy and not free. He learned that there is a limit to suffering and a limit to freedom, and that this limit is very close; that the man who suffered because one leaf was wrapped in his pink bed, suffered in the same way as he suffered now, falling asleep on the bare, damp earth, cooling one side and warming the other; that when he used to put on his narrow ballroom shoes, he suffered in exactly the same way as now, when he was completely barefoot (his shoes had long been disheveled), his feet covered with sores. He learned that when he, as it seemed to him, of his own free will married his wife, he was no more free than now, when he was locked up at night in the stable. Of all that he later called suffering, but which he then hardly felt, the main thing was his bare, worn, scabbed feet. (Horse meat was tasty and nutritious, the nitrate bouquet of gunpowder used instead of salt was even pleasant, there was not much cold, and it was always hot during the day on the move, and at night there were fires; the lice that ate the body warmed pleasantly.) One thing was hard. First, it's the legs.
On the second day of the march, having examined his sores by the fire, Pierre thought it impossible to step on them; but when everyone got up, he walked limping, and then, when warmed up, he walked without pain, although in the evening it was still more terrible to look at his feet. But he did not look at them and thought about something else.
Now only Pierre understood the whole force of human vitality and the saving power of shifting attention invested in a person, similar to that saving valve in steam engines that releases excess steam as soon as its density exceeds a certain norm.
He did not see or hear how backward prisoners were shot, although more than a hundred of them had already died in this way. He did not think about Karataev, who was weakening every day and, obviously, was soon to undergo the same fate. Even less did Pierre think of himself. The more difficult his position became, the more terrible the future was, the more independent of the position in which he was, joyful and soothing thoughts, memories and ideas came to him.
On the 22nd, at noon, Pierre walked uphill along a muddy, slippery road, looking at his feet and at the unevenness of the road. From time to time he glanced at the familiar crowd surrounding him, and again at his feet. Both were equally his own and familiar to him. The lilac, bow-legged Gray ran merrily along the side of the road, occasionally, as proof of his agility and contentment, tucking his hind paw and jumping on three and then again on all four, rushing barking at the crows that were sitting on the carrion. Gray was more cheerful and smoother than in Moscow. On all sides lay the meat of various animals - from human to horse, in various degrees of decomposition; and the walking people kept the wolves away, so that Gray could eat as much as he wanted.
It had been raining since morning, and it seemed that it was about to pass and clear the sky, as after a short stop it started to rain even more. The road, soaked with rain, no longer accepted water, and streams flowed along the ruts.
Pierre walked, looking around, counting steps in three, and bending on his fingers. Turning to the rain, he inwardly said: come on, come on, give more, give more.
It seemed to him that he was thinking of nothing; but far and deep somewhere his soul thought something important and comforting. It was something of the finest spiritual extract from his yesterday's conversation with Karataev.
Yesterday, at a night's halt, chilled by an extinct fire, Pierre got up and went to the nearest, better burning fire. By the fire, to which he approached, Plato sat, hiding himself, like a robe, with his head in an overcoat, and told the soldiers with his argumentative, pleasant, but weak, painful voice, a story familiar to Pierre. It was past midnight. This was the time at which Karataev usually revived from a feverish fit and was especially animated. Approaching the fire and hearing Plato's weak, painful voice and seeing his miserable face brightly lit by fire, something unpleasantly pricked Pierre in his heart. He was afraid of his pity for this man and wanted to leave, but there was no other fire, and Pierre, trying not to look at Plato, sat down by the fire.
- What, how is your health? - he asked.
- What is health? Crying at an illness - God will not let death, - said Karataev and immediately returned to the story he had begun.
“... And now, my brother,” Plato continued with a smile on his thin, pale face and with a special, joyful gleam in his eyes, “here, you are my brother ...
Pierre knew this story for a long time, Karataev told this story to him alone six times, and always with a special, joyful feeling. But no matter how well Pierre knew this story, he now listened to it as to something new, and that quiet delight that Karataev apparently felt while telling, was communicated to Pierre. This story was about an old merchant who lived decently and God-fearing with his family and who once went with a friend, a wealthy merchant, to Macarius.
Stopping at the inn, both merchants fell asleep, and the next day the merchant's friend was found stabbed to death and robbed. The bloodied knife was found under the old merchant's pillow. The merchant was judged, punished with a whip, and, pulling out his nostrils, - as follows in order, said Karataev, - they were exiled to hard labor.
- And now, my brother (at this place Pierre found Karataev's story), the case has been going on for ten years or more. The old man lives in hard labor. As it should, he submits, he does no harm. Only the god of death asks. - Fine. And they get together, at night, hard labor then, just like you and me, and the old man with them. And the conversation turned, who suffers for what, what God is to blame for. They began to say that he ruined the soul, that two, that set it on fire, that fugitive, so for nothing. They began to ask the old man: why, they say, grandfather, are you suffering? I, my dear brothers, say, I suffer for my own and for human sins. And I didn’t destroy souls, I didn’t take someone else’s, except that I clothed the poor brethren. I, my dear brothers, are a merchant; and had great wealth. So and so, he says. And he told them, then, how the whole thing was, in order. I, he says, do not grieve about myself. It means that God found me. One thing, he says, I feel sorry for my old woman and children. And so the old man cried. If the same person happened in their company, it means that the merchant was killed. Where, says grandfather, was it? When, what month? asked everyone. His heart ached. Suitable in this manner to the old man - clap at the feet. For me, you, he says, old man, disappear. The truth is true; innocently in vain, he says, guys, this man is tormented. I, he says, did the same thing and put a knife under your sleepy head. Forgive me, says grandfather, you are me for the sake of Christ.
The sounds of shots and the thunder of shells that exploded during the Chechen war have long ceased. Now Chechnya does not seek to secede from the Russian Federation, and its external appearance has long since changed. However, many questions about the events of those days remain unsolved today. One such question hanging in the air is the question of who killed Akhmat Kadyrov. There are many versions of who exactly could have planned the terrorist act, which caused the death of Akhmat Kadyrov. We will look at some of them, but first let's recall the historical outline of those memorable events.
A little background
At the time when Dzhokhar Dudayev announced the independence of Chechnya, Akhmad Kadyrov was studying at Jordan University in Amman. At this time, he took the side of the Chechen nationalists and began to actively support the idea of independence of Chechnya. One of his first appointments was as Deputy Mufti.
Simultaneously with the performance of this spiritual position, Akhmad Kadyrov took a direct part in the hostilities against the Russian troops, who were trying to reason with the rebel nationalists of Chechnya.
In 1994, one significant event happened - the Mufti of Chechnya refused the jihad declared on Russia, for which he was punished according to Sharia law.
Then there were the well-known Khasavyurt agreements, which led to a truce.
For desertion, he was subjected to a public cane execution. Now Akhmad Kadyrov began to fulfill the duties of the mufti. First of all, he declared jihad on the Russian Federation.
The following year, Kadyrov was already officially elected mufti of Chechnya, and at the congress of the Chechen people in Shatoi, in the name of Allah, he raised the people to a holy war against the Russian Federation. All this time until 1995, Akhmad Kadyrov took a direct part in hostilities and was even awarded the Order of Ichkeria.
How it happened - a chronicle of the event
The terrorist act took place in 2004 on May 9 at a stadium in Grozny. At that time, Kadyrov had already taken office of the President of the Chechen Republic for half a year. All the top leadership of Chechnya, as well as the highest ranks of the armed forces of the Russian Federation, gathered at the stadium.
The explosion occurred at 10:35. According to experts, the explosives were apparently planted during the reconstruction of the stadium. And since on the day of the holiday all radio signals were suppressed by special equipment, the explosion was initiated using a wired connection.
Seven people were killed, including Akhmad Kadyrov, who died on the way to the hospital without regaining consciousness.
Many have wondered about who killed Akhmat Kadyrov the whole truth, and here, above all, suspicion fell on the nationalist forces.
What versions are popular today
All investigators who were looking for an answer to the question of whether who killed Akhmat Kadyrov version considered different ones. First of all, the version about separatists was considered, but the version about betrayal was also developed.
The fact is that at that very time most of Ahmad's closest associates were in the mountains, fighting against the militants.
But near the president himself were people from the so-called second echelon, among whom there could be a traitor. In addition, the very first bodyguard - his son Ramzan Kadyrov - was in Moscow at that time. Only two years later, the Kavkaz Center website published a statement by Shamil Basayev, who claimed responsibility for the terrorist attack.
Tags: ,Akhmat Khadzhi Kadyrov, the first president of the Chechen Republic, went down in history as the man who stopped the war. The original enemy of Russia managed to understand the situation and reconsider his own views on the armed conflict. For such loyalty, the politician was subjected to an assassination attempt, which he could not survive.
Childhood and youth
The biography of the future president of Chechnya originates in the Kazakh SSR on August 23, 1951. Akhmat's mother and father, Marie and Abdulkhamid Kadyrov, fell under the deportation of Chechens (Operation Lentil), so the child was born quite far from their historical homeland.
After 6 years of living in the village of Malaya Saran, Akhmat returns with his parents to the village of Tsentaroy, located in the Shali district of the Chechen Republic. The village was so small that it did not have its own school, so Akhmat had to travel to Bachi-Yurt to get his primary education.
After graduating from school, the young man went to courses for combine operators, after which he got a job at a state farm called Novogroznensky. But after 2 years, Akhmat changes his specialization and begins to earn extra money as a builder at various facilities, including in Siberia.
Religion
The influence of the religious family, which was almost imperceptible in his youth, manifested itself when Akhmat was 29 years old. Both Kadyrov's father and uncles were religious figures. It is not surprising that in 1980 Kadyrov Jr. entered the Bukhara Madrasah, a Muslim educational institution.
Akhmat decided to continue his religious education at the Tashkent Islamic Institute. Kadyrov implemented the acquired skills and knowledge in the Gudermes Cathedral Mosque. The man was offered the position of deputy imam.
Soon, such activities ceased to satisfy Akhmat. The energetic man opened the first Islamic institute in the North Caucasus and took the chair of the rector. In 1990, Kadyrov left Chechnya and moved to Jordan, where he studied at the Amman Islamic University.
The training was interrupted by bad news from home. The intensified separatist movement proclaimed Kadyrov's homeland Ichkeria and entered into an armed conflict with Russia. Akhmat urgently returned to his family. The man, who devoted many years to the study of religion, became an active member of the muftiate.
In 1994, Kadyrov received the post of acting mufti of the Chechen Republic. And a year later, Akhmat, in the status of a mufti and spiritual leader, declared jihad on Russia. The remark about the Russians, said by the religious figure, was later recalled more than once by Kadyrov's opponents. The man called on the Chechen military to kill as many Russian soldiers as possible.
Policy
In 2000, Kadyrov resigned as a mufti. The reason was the appointment of a man to the post of head of the administration of the Chechen Republic. By this time, the views of the political and religious figure had changed dramatically.
Kadyrov was prompted to change his relationship with Russia by the spread of Wahhabism in Chechnya, a religious trend with the tenets of which Akhmat did not agree. The main propagandist of Wahhabism was the president of the self-proclaimed Republic of Ichkeria.
A year before these events, Kadyrov tried to subdue the power structures in order to seize power from Maskhadov. The coup attempt failed. But the fact that only a few people from the leadership remained loyal to the self-proclaimed president showed the man that the country was ready for change.
After Kadyrov went over to the side of the federal troops of Russia, Maskhadov recognized Akhmat as an enemy of the Chechen people. The man received support from the acting President of Russia.
Realizing that knowledge is not enough for a political career, Akhmat Kadyrov enters the Faculty of Economics of the Institute of Management and Business, located in Makhachkala. Later, the man received 2 degrees: candidate of political sciences and doctor of economic sciences.
In December 2002, a congress of the Chechen people was held in the city of Gudermes. The main issue was the vote for the adoption of the Constitution of the Russian Federation as the highest normative act. The vote was initiated by Akhmat Kadyrov. A full-fledged referendum took place on March 23, 2003.
And in October 2003, the politician won the vote and was elected president of the Chechen Republic. 80% of the population voted for a man. But a year later, a photo of a terrorist attack appeared on the pages of newspapers, in which Akhmat Kadyrov received injuries incompatible with life.
Personal life
The wife and mother of the children of Akhmat Kadyrov was a girl named Aimani Baisultanova. Young people got married in 1970, after the wife graduated from high school, located in the village of Iliskhan-Yurt, Gudermes region.
A year later, the newlyweds became parents. A girl was born, whom her parents named Zargan. A year later, in 1972, the Kadyrovs again had a daughter. The child was named Zulai. 1974 was marked by the appearance of Zelimkhan's son. After 2 years, a joyful event awaited the family again - the birth of a boy, whom the couple decided to name.
Alas, in 2004, the eldest son of Akhmat Kadyrov died of acute heart failure. Ramzan Kadyrov followed in his father's footsteps and also made a career in politics. Aimani Kadyrova devoted herself to charity after the death of her husband. Nothing is known about the life of Akhmat Kadyrov's daughters.
Murder
The date of the death of Akhmat Kadyrov coincided with a national holiday - Victory Day. The head of the Chechen Republic, together with his subordinates, was on the podium of the renovated Dynamo stadium, located in the city of Grozny. After Kadyrov's congratulatory speech, an explosion occurred on the podium.
Documentary film “Akhmat Kadyrov. The last parade of the winnerAs soon as the panic subsided, it became clear that everyone on the podium was seriously injured. After clearing the rubble, Akhmat Kadyrov was taken to the hospital. As it became known later, the man died in the ambulance. The cause of death was injuries received during the explosion.
The entourage of the President of Chechnya, which included the politician's own son, had no doubts that the murder was a well-planned action. Suspicion fell on the Chechen separatists, with whom Akhmat Kadyrov waged an active confrontation. In June 2006, he claimed responsibility for the attack.
According to the terrorist, Basayev was paid $50,000 for Kadyrov's death. The militant himself was killed during a special operation, so there is no way to get exact information about the customer (if one was present). However, during a radio interview, Ramzan Kadyrov said that everything connected with the murder of his father was somehow destroyed.
The President of Chechnya was buried in Tsentoroy, the man's native village. Not far from the native village of Malaya Saran, in 2012, a monument to Akhmat Kadyrov appeared.
- TV channel "Russia 24" released a documentary "Akhmat Kadyrov. The last parade of the winner, which tells about the biography of a political figure.
- In May 2004, Kadyrov was posthumously awarded the title "Hero of the Russian Federation" for "the courage and heroism shown in the revival of the Chechen Republic and in the fight against terrorism." This decision of the President of Russia caused a mixed reaction among the population.
- After defecting to the side of the federal troops, 3 attempts were made on Akhmat Kadyrov, in which the guards and relatives of the man were killed.
- In Ingushetia, the War Prize contest is held annually. In 2004, Akhmat Kadyrov was among the nominees, but he got the award.
Quotes
Yes, I am even ready to negotiate with the devil, if only to end this war, to save at least one human life.
Stop experimenting on the Chechen people. We survive all the time, it's time to finally learn to just live like others live.
Let me be gone, I already consider myself a winner!
Some of our imams, mullahs and ulama consider it their main duty to quote from the Koran and hadiths, to call others to piety, justice and kindness. But at the same time, they themselves free themselves from observing these rules in everyday life.
And when did you see the shepherd take off his hat in front of the rams? (answer to Zhirinovsky on the remark about Kadyrov being indoors in a hat)
Merits
- 1989 - Founder of the first Islamic University in the North Caucasus
- 1998 - Organizer of the Congress of Muslims of the North Caucasus
- 1999-2000 - Organizer of the peaceful transfer of settlements in Chechnya under the control of the Russian military
- 2000 - Initiator of the introduction of direct presidential rule on the territory of Chechnya
- 2001 - Signing of a decree banning organizations that preach Wahhabism.
- 2002 - Head of the group of the Presidium of the State Council on countering the manifestations of religious extremism in Russia.
