Probably every person at least once in his life thought about what real courage is. I think that this is a character trait of a strong and noble person, which manifests itself in the ability to overcome the feeling of fear of something new, unknown, complex by willpower, to call for courage when performing dangerous and drawn actions. But are decisive and fearless actions always a manifestation of true courage and honor, or can it be just prudence aimed at achieving only one's own personal benefit? To answer this question, let us turn to the works of Russian classical literature.
One of the main characters of Leo Tolstoy's epic novel "War and Peace" - Andrei Bolkonsky - goes a long way of ideological and moral quest, on which he happens to show both real courage and ostentatious bravado. On the field of Austerlitz, Prince Andrei shows unprecedented courage: in the face of mortal danger, not noticing the shells and bullets flying at him, he ran to the enemy with a banner in his hands, inspiring other soldiers to rush into battle again. But was it an act of noble motives? Unfortunately no.
Prince Andrei dreamed of his Toulon, a personal feat, and even at the moment of his heroic deed, he thought only of the upcoming glory. Andrey Bolkonsky showed real courage in the Battle of Borodino. He participates in it no longer for the sake of his ambitions and satisfaction of ambition, but for the sake of the people, the Motherland, ready to give his life for them. It was his real, full of true courage feat.
Another argument is the behavior of Russian soldiers during the Shengraben battle. In the confusion and panic, in the face of the approaching enemy, there was only one company left that retained its organization - Timokhin's company, which managed to make a turning point in the battle. Captain Timokhin behaved disinterestedly - heroically: with determination and even desperation, he attacked the French. In the name of the common good, he was ready to sacrifice himself, if only to force the enemy to retreat. Dolokhov is not like that, who, in contrast to Timokhin, thought only about himself and his glory. Yes, he went on the attack with his commander, but only for the sake of regaining his officer rank. In this episode, the whole contrast of true and false courage is very clearly visible.
Another argument may be a comparison of two heroes of the story by A.S. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter" - Grinev and Shvabrin. The first is ready to sacrifice himself in the battle for the fortress, under pain of death, risking his life, he remains true to the oath and directly expresses his position to Pugachev. The second, fearing for his life, goes over to the side of the enemy. Against the background of Shvabrin's behavior, Grinev's courage is revealed even more fully.
All these arguments once again convince the reader that only a truly noble person can show real courage, not defiled by conceited motives, remain brave and resolute in the face of danger.
An essay on the theme "War in the World of Prince Adrey Bolkonsky", written based on the work of Leo Tolstoy "War and Peace". The essay describes the change in Andrei's attitude to the war in the course of the events of the work.
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War in the world of Prince Andrei Bolkonsky
At the beginning of the novel, Prince Andrei had a positive attitude towards the war. He needs war in order to achieve his goals: to accomplish a feat, to become famous: “There I will be sent,” he thought, “with a brigade or division, and there, with a banner in my hand, I will go forward and break everything that will be in front of me". For Bolkonsky, Napoleon was an idol. Andrei did not like the fact that Napoleon was already commander-in-chief at the age of twenty-seven, and he, at this age, was only an adjutant.
In September, the prince goes to war. It pleased him to think of leaving. Even when he said goodbye to Marya, he was already thinking about the war. When Andrei arrived at the front, he met two staff officers: Nesvitsky and Zhirkov. From the very acquaintance, the relationship between them “did not work out”, since Nesvitsky and Zhirkov were very different from Andrei. They were stupid, cowardly, while Bolkonsky was distinguished by intelligence and courage. These differences emerged when the officers met with General Mack. The staff officers laughed at the defeat of the Austrian army, and Andrei was very dissatisfied: “... we are either officers who serve the tsar and the fatherland and rejoice in our common success and grieve over our common failure, or we are lackeys who do not care about the master's business. Forty thousand people died, and the army allied to us was destroyed, and you can joke about it. Courage is shown in the episode when the prince asks Kutuzov to stay in Bagration's detachment, while Nesvitsky, on the contrary, does not want to participate in the battle and retreats to the rear.
At the battle of Shengraben, Prince Bolkonsky demonstrated not only courage, but also courage. He dared to go to Tushin's battery. And it is here that Andrei sees the courage shown by Tushin's gunners. After the battle, he was the only one who stood up for the captain before Bagration, although Andrei does not like that Tushin cannot recognize his merit, his feat and tries not to mention him.
After the Shengraben battle, Bolkonsky participates in another battle - Austerlitz. Here he manages to accomplish a feat: during the retreat of the battalion, he picks up the banner and, by his example, encourages the soldiers to return and rush to the attack: “As if from the whole swing with a strong stick, one of the nearest soldiers, as it seemed to him, hit him in the head.” After being wounded, Andrey sees the sky and admires it: “... How could I not see this high sky? And how happy that I finally recognized him ... there is nothing but silence, calmness. And thank God". During this battle, he is disappointed in Napoleon - he seems to him "a small, insignificant person." Andrei realized that life is more important than anything, even exploits and glory. He realized that war is not a means to a brilliant career, but dirty, hard work. The Battle of Austerlitz forces him to reconsider his priorities - now he values his family above all else. And, after captivity, he returns home to the Bald Mountains, where he finds the death of his wife: Lisa dies in childbirth. The prince feels guilty before the little princess and understands that he cannot atone for this guilt. After these events - the Austerlitz campaign, the death of his wife and the birth of his son - Prince Andrei "firmly decided never to serve in military service again."
When the Patriotic War began, Prince Bolkonsky goes to the army at will, but he goes there not for Toulon, but because of revenge. Andrei was offered service in the emperor's retinue, but he refused, because only by serving in the army would he be useful in the war. Before Borodino, the prince told Pierre the reason for his return to the army: “The French have ruined my house and are going to ruin Moscow, insulted and insult me every second. They are my enemies, they are all criminals, according to my concepts.
After Andrei was appointed commander of the regiment, he “was completely devoted to the affairs of his regiment, he was caring for his people and officers and affectionate with them. In the regiment he was called "our prince." They were proud and loved."
On the eve of the battle, Bolkonsky was confident in the victory of the Russian regiments, he believed in the soldiers. And he said to Pierre: “We will win the battle tomorrow. Tomorrow, whatever it is, we will win the battle."
At the battle of Borodino, the regiment of Andrei Bolkonsky stood in reserve. Cannonballs often fell there, the soldiers were ordered to sit down, but the officers walked. A cannonball falls next to Andrei, but he does not lie down and he was mortally wounded by a fragment from this cannonball. He is taken to Moscow, the prince sums up his life. He understands that relationships should be built on love.
In Mytishchi, Natasha comes to him and asks for forgiveness. Andrei understands that he loves her and he spends the last days of his life with Natasha. Right now he understands what happiness is and what, in fact, is his meaning of life.
On the very first pages of the novel, Prince Andrei Bolkonsky appears before us. One of the main characters of the novel and, without a doubt, one of Leo Tolstoy's favorite characters. Throughout the novel, Bolkonsky is looking for his destiny in life, trying to choose a business to which he should give all his strength.
Selfish interests, secular intrigues, pretense, pretense and unnatural behavior, false patriotism rule the world of the rich. Andrei is a man of honor, and such petty encroachments, ignoble aspirations are unacceptable to him. That is why he quickly became disillusioned with social life. Did not bring him happiness and marriage. Bolkonsky strives for glory, without which, in his opinion, a real citizen who cares for his Fatherland cannot live. Napoleon was his idol.
In his ambitious aspirations, Prince Andrei, too, must be admitted, becomes infinitely selfish. He is not sorry to sacrifice all the most precious things in life for the sake of moments of glory and triumph over people: “I love nothing but glory, human love. Death, wounds, loss of family, nothing scares me.”
In Andrei, by nature, there is such a quality as truly Bolkon pride, inherited by him from his father, from his ancestors. But he strives for glory not only for himself, he wants to benefit his Fatherland, the Russian people. On the day of the Battle of Austerlitz, Bolkonsky, during a panic in front of M. I. Kutuzov, with a banner in his hands, took an entire battalion into the attack. Andrew is hurt. All his ambitious plans collapse. And only now, when he was lying on the field so helpless and abandoned by everyone, did he turn his attention to the sky, and it caused him a sincere and deep shock: “How could I not have seen this high sky before? And how happy I am that I finally got to know him. Yes! Everything is empty, everything is a lie, except for this endless sky.
All life flashed before my eyes in an instant. Bolkonsky looked at his past differently. Now Napoleon, with his petty vanity, seems to him an insignificant ordinary person. Prince Andrei is disappointed in his hero. A revolution is taking place in Bolkonsky’s soul, he condemns his recent false aspirations for glory, understands that it is by no means the main stimulus for human activity, that there are more lofty ideals.
After the Austerlitz campaign, Prince Bolkonsky decided never to serve in the military again. He returns home with a completely changed, somewhat softened and at the same time anxious expression on his face. But fate takes revenge on him for excessive pride. His wife dies from childbirth, leaving him a son Nikolushka. Now Bolkonsky decides to devote himself entirely to his family and live only for her. But at the same time, the thought does not give rest that a person should not live for himself.
The meeting of Andrei Bolkonsky with Pierre Bezukhov brings him out of a difficult state of mind. Pierre convinces Bolkonsky that it is necessary to live for all people. In the spring, Bolkonsky goes on business of his son's estates. Passing through the forest, where everything was already green, only one oak tree, an old, kind of angry and contemptuous freak, stood between smiling birches, Prince Andrei thought: “Life is over ...” But on the way back, seeing that even this tree turned green, Andrei decided that nothing is over at thirty-one.
Now Andrey strives to take part in those things that are done for the good of the Fatherland, condemns his selfishness, measured life, limited by the boundaries of the family nest. Bolkonsky arrives in St. Petersburg, falls into the circle of Speransky and takes part in the development of a project to abolish serfdom in Russia. Speransky made an indelible impression on Andrei with his mind, he turned out to be a man who knows how to find the right approach to any problem, any state issue. But as soon as Volkonsky meets Natasha Rostova at the ball, he kind of begins to see clearly. She reminded him of the true values of life. Andrei is not only disappointed in Speransky, but also begins to despise him. The recent interest in state affairs is disappearing. “Can all this make me happier and better?”
Natasha, as it were, revives Bolkonsky for a new life. He falls madly in love with her, but something tells him that their happiness is impossible. Natasha also loves Bolkonsky, although he seems to her dry, disappointed, lonely, while she herself is an energetic, young, cheerful girl. They are like two poles, and it is perhaps impossible to connect them. Natasha does not understand why the prince postponed their wedding for a whole year. By this delay, he provoked her betrayal. And again, purely Bolkonskaya pride does not allow Andrei to forgive Natasha, to understand her. In a conversation with Pierre, Bolkonsky said: "I said that a fallen woman must be forgiven, but I did not say that I can forgive, I cannot." At this moment, we see that Bolkonsky, as we recognized him at the beginning of the novel, the same cruel egoist. Bolkonsky forces himself to forget about Natasha.
However, the war of 1812 changed a lot in this man. She awakened patriotic feelings in him, he is trying to help the Fatherland, fighting for the salvation of his Fatherland. But fate develops in such a way that Andrei is wounded, and he will say: “I can’t, I don’t want to die, I love life, I love this grass, earth, air.”
But when Andrei felt that death was very close, that he did not have long to live, he stopped fighting, lost all hope, did not want to see anyone.
Andrei Bolkonsky died not only from a wound. To a certain extent, his death is connected with the peculiarities of character, with the worldview, with the attitude towards the society of people. At the end of his life, he became, in fact, an almost ideal person, devoid of flaws: he loved everyone, forgave everyone. And forgiveness, sacrifice, non-resistance to evil by violence, the preaching of universal love prevent a person from living his usual earthly life, because the more perfect a person is in his moral qualities, the more vulnerable he is. And therefore more likely to die.
Everyone knows about humility, but few can remember at least 10 heroes of Russian literature who resigned themselves to their fate. Everyone talks about pride, but only a few proud characters from literature come to mind. Everyone knows about the novel War and Peace, but who has read it in its entirety? The wise Litrecon collected all these complex topics, tried to understand them and make them clearer for you.
Humility
- Marya Bolkonskaya. A vivid example of humility in Leo Tolstoy's novel "War and Peace" is Princess Marya Bolkonskaya. The girl unquestioningly carried out all the instructions and desires of her father, endured his difficult character. Nikolai Bolkonsky himself read the letters that his daughter received, controlled her every step. At the beginning of the novel, Marya is already an adult girl, but she is not married, because her father is against it. He does not allow her to attend balls and events, he wants his daughter to always be there. And Marya obeys her father, because she loves him and cannot leave. She is sure that her father only pretends that he does not need her, but in fact the old man does not have a soul in his daughter and is afraid of losing her. Therefore, the heroine accomplished a Christian feat - she did not leave her bilious and caustic father, but sacrificed everything she herself had for him. At the end of the novel, Tolstoy rewards his heroine for humility - Marya marries Nikolai Rostov, she is happily married, and raises children with Nikolai.
- Andrey Bolkonsky ( oak scene). Meeting with an oak for Prince Andrei is a turning point in his life. For the first time, the oak met the hero with a sullen and angry look. He did not want to see "neither spring nor the sun." Oak does not fit into the beautiful spring landscape at all. Bolkonsky also feels himself in society, he feels superfluous, he is not interested in conversations that are conducted in a secular circle. But the second meeting with the oak makes Andrei think. The oak appears before him as a renewed handsome man. Now the tree seemed animated and filled with power. Looking at this oak, Bolkonsky realized that life can still be changed, that one cannot put up with this apathy that he feels. In this situation, humility would not have helped the hero in life - Andrei would have withered like an old oak tree in their first meeting. But Bolkonsky found the strength not to put up with such a state and changed his life. He proposed to Natasha and was reborn for love again.
- Sonya Rostov. The most obvious example of humility in the novel is the image of Sonya. The girl is an orphan, she is a relative of the Rostovs, lives with them, is part of their family, but, despite this, she always seems to fade into the background. The heroine is in love with her second cousin, Nikolai Rostov, but the countess is against their relationship, since the girl is not rich, and the family is going through hard times (although the elder Rostova treats Sonya herself well). Sonya has the most sincere and pure feelings for Nikolai, but a modest and shy girl cannot fight for her love, realizing that she harms her benefactors. At the end of the novel, Rostov marries Marya Bolkonskaya, and Sonya, resigned to the fact that she was not destined to be with Nikolai, and having let him go, lives in the house of a man whom she still loves and only silently watches his happy family life. This sacrifice demonstrates the power of humility, because Sonya dearly gave the refusal of the engagement, which she personally sent to Nikolai. But love for the Rostov family forced her to embark on a difficult path that requires a lot of endurance - the rejection of her happiness.
- Pierre Bezukhov. Many will say that this kind and sweet hero can be safely called meek, but this is not so. His wife - Helen Kuragina - does not love her husband and is cheating on him. Pierre understands that this marriage does not bring him happiness, he does not have a real family. And the hero is not ready to put up with this - he breaks up with his wife, giving her part of his fortune. No persuasion works on him until he himself decides to accept his cross and forgive Helen. But still, he changes this decision to wandering in philistine clothes around captured Moscow. Another example from Pierre's biography speaks of the same uncompromising attitude. The search for the meaning of life and truth led Pierre to the Freemasons. Freemasonry gives him the belief that people can still be honest, that there are still people who do good to others for free. But it turned out that many of his brothers in Freemasonry entered there only to associate with influential people. Even here, Bezukhov encountered hypocrisy and hypocrisy. Not wanting to have anything more to do with such people and put up with such mores, Pierre moves away from Freemasonry. There is no true humility in the character of the hero, he constantly rebels against injustice and evil, but outwardly he gives the impression of an apathetic person who will agree to anything. Appearances can be deceiving, and true humility is to be found in deeds, not in demeanor.
- Death of Andrei Bolkonsky. As we know, excessive and imposed pride destroyed Andrey's happiness. Upon learning of the failed escape of the bride with another man, he broke off the engagement in anger, because his pride was very hurt. He was preferred to a scoundrel who did not even plan to marry. He thought that in his position one could only be ridiculous. In a word, swollen pride poisoned his life. He became bilious, nervous and withdrawn. The obsession with revenge on Anatole almost replaces all the life plans of the hero. But the Battle of Borodino becomes his last. He is in the line of fire to support his soldiers, as a result of which he is injured. He bravely and proudly meets death. But she still does not come, and the wound is very painful. By chance, his carriage enters the yard of the Rostovs, and Natasha subsequently finds out who is in it. They meet, and only then Andrei understands how insignificant his experiences were, how in vain he was offended by the bride. Love for Natasha warms him. He managed to rise above his own resentment and forgave his beloved for betraying Anatole. This humility brought him relief and wisdom, knowing which he could no longer survive.
Pride
- Andrey Bolkonsky. Andrei inherited from his father such a quality as pride. At the beginning of the novel, he seeks to achieve people's love, fame and fame, so he goes to war, plotting his Toulon and secretly worshiping Napoleon's military talent. But during the battle of Austerlitz, his worldview changes dramatically. Looking at the boundless sky, the hero realizes all the insignificance of his desires, the personality of Napoleon is now losing its former attractiveness for him. One cannot make a career in war, because people of his status go to the next rank over corpses and human grief. But it cannot be said that after this battle Bolkonsky lost his pride. He lost selfishness and pride, the one that morally destroys a person. This helped him choose peace, not war, and with his transformations in the economy, he made life easier for many ordinary people.
- Nikolai Bolkonsky, Andrey's father. Prince Nikolai Bolkonsky is a proud and honest man. For him, the most important thing was to preserve his honor and dignity. From childhood, he instilled a sense of patriotism in his son, taught him to be noble, to defend his point of view. He drilled his daughter so that one could also be proud of her. The elder Bolkonsky is a rather wayward hero and seems rude, but before his death he understands his mistakes and apologizes to his daughter for his harsh attitude towards her. The reader understands that behind his rudeness and, at times, even cruelty, there was a love for his relatives, but it was pride that prevented him from showing it. Therefore, the family had strained and cold relations. The hero realized quite late that pride and arrogance should not have interfered with his warm communication with children. He was afraid to shed a tear, seeing off his son to the war, so as not to seem ridiculous. His restraint caused mutual cooling and secret suffering of children who did not feel the love of their father.
- Helen Kuragina. Helen is a negative character in the novel. She is a selfish, mercantile and windy girl. If pride is inherent in the character of Andrei Bolkonsky, then pride is inherent in the character of Helen. She is cheating on her husband and does not even hide it, the heroine considers this normal. She openly declares to Pierre that she does not love him, and when they part, she demands an impressive content from Bezukhov. She explained the arrogance in her treatment of her husband in such a way that he was not worthy of her from the very beginning, and he owes the happiness of having her in his wives only to a huge inheritance. Hearing his reproaches, Helen even thought about their content, because in her worldview, rightness was only on her side. Still, she is bathed in attention, spoiled by men, so she believes that pride is the key to success. At the end of the novel, Tolstoy punishes Helen for her pride and selfishness - the heroine dies due to illness, suffering and being alone at the fateful hour. Even good Pierre does not regret her death.
- Nikolai Rostov. Nikolai is a kind, honest and decent young man, but he is also not deprived of such qualities as pride and independence. He often rushes from one extreme to another, persistently proves his point of view in disputes, values honor. The episode when he, still a young cadet, denounces a thief, a respected and noble officer who used his position to steal money, is very revealing. Then he insisted on his dismissal, although everyone around was against Rostov and wanted to hush up the case. With great difficulty, he was persuaded to apologize to the commander, with whom he had an explanation about the theft. And yet the regimental public has a positive attitude towards Rostov, because he is noble and well-mannered, he loves his family. And the attitude of society gives the hero a reason to be a little proud of himself, but this pride does not translate into a sharply negative quality. Rather, it serves as a kind of contrast to remind the reader that there are no absolutely perfect people. So, the ruined Nikolai was ready to sacrifice his happiness with Marya only because he considered it unworthy to marry a rich bride in his position. Only thanks to Marya herself at the end of the novel do we see Nikolai happy - he has a wonderful family: a loving and devoted wife, children for whom Rostov is trying to do the best.
- Vera Rostov. The eldest daughter of the Rostovs seems to be superfluous in this simple family. The reason for this is the strictness of her mother. When Vera was a child, Countess Rostova did not show enough love for her daughter, so the girl moved away from her family. Among relatives, the heroine feels detached, but does not really try to do something about it - she is a proud and independent girl. Faith cannot be called a negative character; rather, she is a victim of circumstances. She hides all her feelings behind the mask of an icy beauty and cannot share her feelings even with her family. Pride does not help the girl at all, but burdens her life.
- Marya Bolkonskaya. Marya is a pure and noble heroine. She is sympathetic and sweet and, at first glance, there is no pride in her at all. But in fact, Marya is not devoid of both pride and self-respect. Anatole Kuragin, a selfish and frivolous young man, proposes to the girl. He does not love Marya and wants to marry only because of the money. He is more attracted to Mademoiselle Bourienne, Bolkonskaya's companion. Count Bolkonsky guesses about Kuragin's sympathy for Bourien and tells his daughter: “This blockhead does not think about you<…>You have no pride!" But when Marya saw Bourrienne in the arms of Anatole, she did not reconcile herself to the behavior of the young man. When her father and Vasily Kuragin asked for an answer to the proposal, she refused, although she initially planned to agree, because she was afraid not to receive a second proposal due to her remoteness from the world and her unsightly appearance. Marya respects herself, but shows pride only in extreme cases due to natural delicacy. Another episode is no less indicative in this regard: when the companion suggested to the princess to ask for intercession from the French generals, she indignantly refused. Marya was characterized by pride in her surname. Therefore, we can say that the heroine, in addition to modesty and humility, also has self-respect and pride, but does not flaunt them.
Appearance (citation characteristic)
The author describes him as a short man, but very handsome. "Prince Bolkonsky was short, a very handsome young man with definite and dry features." Tolstoy does not give a detailed description, pointing only to the reaction of other heroes who consider Andrei Bolkonsky to be very handsome and graceful. "... Women's society, the world cordially received him, because he was a rich and noble groom ...".Important! Andrew was very attractive. Leo Tolstoy repeatedly notes its beauty and attractiveness for other people, especially women.
Character traits of Andrei Bolkonsky
Speaking about the complex character of his father, one would think that Andrei was also a difficult hero. However, there was no radical rigidity in him.Important! The character of the hero is dominated by positive properties: he is noble and purposeful.Andrey can gain authority with the interlocutor and inspires respect from everyone, including those who do not like it. He can behave with dignity both at a secular reception and in the company of army comrades.
Important! At the beginning of the story, Andrei is not alien to the desire for success in the service, however, he wants fame and recognition not so much for himself, but in order to be able to bring good to the people.Despite his merits, Bolkonsky is still distinguished by some rudeness and arrogance. Sometimes he allows himself to ignore people, indecent behavior, express non-verbal signs of disdain (glance, smile, etc.), and sometimes unpleasant statements.
Important! This is a person who is somewhat confused and has lost his inner orientation. Like many nobles, he is full of searches for the meaning of life, his place in it.This hero is very restrained, you cannot call him cheerful - more often his face remains impartial. At the same time, Andrei is very kind and generous towards anyone, regardless of social status.
Prince's relationship with women
Andrei Bolkonsky appears before us as an already married man who is about to have his first child.He married Lisa Meinen, who was Kutuzov's niece.He considers his wife a soulless and stupid doll. This marriage for the hero is not happy. In childbirth, Lisa dies, and the baby Nikolenka remains in Andrei's arms, whom he is raising with his sister Marie. After the death of Lisa, Bolkonsky is tormented by guilt before his wife, whom he did not appreciate during his lifetime. Andrei has always been successful with women, but for a long time he did not think about marrying again. Howeverat the ball he meets with Natasha Rostova.The hero falls in love with her and receives reciprocity - Natasha is impressed by the beauty and gallantry of the gentleman. Communication with Natasha awakens the brightest traits in the dry and callous character of the hero, he wants to be loved, appreciates every moment of life. Bolkonsky proposes to Natasha and her parents agree, but his father forces him to postpone his marriage for a year. Andrei agreed and went abroad. And Natasha meets Anatole Kuragin and falls madly in love with him, planning an escape. Andrew is deeply hurt. Proud and principled, after that he constantly seeks meetings with Kuragin in order to take revenge on him.
Military service of Bolkonsky
Andrei Bolkonsky has been dreaming of military service since childhood. His hero was Napoleon, and he yearns for such fame and honors. He takes part in the battles near Austerlitz, at the decisive moment showing himself as a hero, performing a feat. He saves the battalion and leads it into battle boldly and without a shadow of a doubt, trying to protect the Motherland. In this battle, he receives a severe wound and, bleeding, lies on the battlefield. This event radically changes his views. He understands how unimportant and senseless war is. At the same time, the heroic image of Napoleon collapses - Andrei sees how his idol smiles, looking at the field with dead and wounded soldiers, and this disgusts him. The death of his wife forces him to refuse service. He returns and decides to dedicate his life to his family.Bolkonsky meets with his friend and realizes that it is possible to benefit the Motherland not only on the battlefield.He is actively engaged in various projects that will benefit the people, for example, in drawing up a plan for the abolition of serfdom.
