Proverb- this is a folding little speech, a walking expression, usually figurative, rhymed, underdeveloped to a full proverb; a new image that replaces an ordinary word that defines a phenomenon.
Some sayings may sound similar but have different meanings. So, for example, on a par with the well-known proverb "Beats - means loves" there is a saying that reflects folk wisdom "Strokes - means loves."
The difference between saying and proverb
Proverb - this is a widespread figurative expression that aptly defines any actual phenomenon. Unlike proverbs, sayings are devoid of a direct generalized mentoring meaning and are limited to a figurative, often allegorical expression: light in sight, like snow on the head, beat the buckets- all these are ordinary sayings, devoid of the nature of a complete judgment.
Proverb - this is a short, included in the speech turnover and having a mentoring meaning, rhythmically organized saying, in which people over the centuries have summarized their own socio-historical experience.
The form of proverbs is also peculiar. It is characterized by rhythmic organization, special sound design. The proverb is short, there are no unnecessary words in it, each word is weighty, meaningful and accurate.
Sayings, due to their own peculiarity of figurative expressions, more often than proverbs come closer to linguistic phenomena. Sayings have more state, national significance and meaning than proverbs. Sayings often have all the characteristics of linguistic phenomena. Such is the expression "to slip a pig", in other words, to give someone a problem. The origin of this saying is associated with the military system of the ancient Slavs. The squad became a "wedge", like a boar's head, or a "pig", as the Russian chronicles called this system. With the passage of time, the meaning attached to this expression in antiquity has been lost.
Examples of sayings
Examples of proverbs
Primary sources:
Now we are proceeding to Russian proverbs, which would also not hurt each of us to know.
Russian proverbs and sayings, as everyone knows, this is folk wisdom that came to us from life experience. And now let's see the most commonly used among them among the people, as well as their interpretations as well. For convenience, Russian proverbs and sayings are presented alphabetically.
Russian proverbs and sayings and their meaning
Appetite comes with eating.
The deeper you delve into something, the more you understand and learn about it.
A woman with a cart is easier for a mare.
About the departure of an unnecessary person, not so useful to anything.
The trouble does not go through the forest, but through people.
Misfortunes with people are the real trouble, and not with what surrounds them.
Misfortunes never come alone.
She will definitely take at least one more.
Poverty is not a vice.
It is not necessary to condemn people for poverty, because it is not their negative quality.
You can't even catch a fish from a pond without effort.
Nothing can be achieved without perseverance and effort.
Take care of the dress again, and honor from a young age.
About the norms of behavior in society, etc. And if something is lost or torn, it will not be possible to restore it.
God saves man, who save himself.
It is easier for a person who is prudent, cautious in his decisions and actions to avoid dangers, unjustified risks.
Free cheese only happens in a mousetrap.
Rarely is something free given to us without pitfalls, without a catch.
God marks the rogue.
Evil deeds and other negative qualities do not go unpunished.
Big ship - big voyage.
A person with great abilities gets great opportunities.
You will suffer for a long time - something will work out.
Really trying in a difficult matter, you can achieve at least something.
Paper will endure everything.
Paper, unlike people, will endure any lie, any mistake written on it.
Being a guest is good, but being at home is better.
Home comfort, created with your own hands or the hands of a loved one, cannot be replaced by any trip to visit.
In a healthy body healthy mind.
Keeping the body healthy, a person preserves his spiritual well-being.
Every family has its black sheep.
In any family or team there will always be a person with negative qualities.
In crowded but not mad.
A little inconvenience for everyone is better than a bigger problem for just one.
Still waters run deep.
Quiet and calm-looking people often hide a complex nature.
They don’t go to a foreign monastery with their own charter.
In a strange team, you should not behave only according to your own rules and procedures.
We see a mote in someone else's eye, but we do not notice a log in our own.
Mistakes and shortcomings of strangers are much more noticeable than their own.
Live a century, learn a century, and you will die a fool.
About the impossibility of knowing everything, even with a constant and persistent set of knowledge.
He took up the tug - do not say that it is not hefty.
Having taken up the task, bring it to the end, despite the difficulties.
The bird is visible in flight.
About people who, by their deeds, by their appearance, show others their nature.
Water wears away the stone.
Even little work, manifested long and hard, gives good results.
Crush water in a mortar - and there will be water.
About doing a stupid thing that does not bring anything useful.
Feet feed the wolf.
To earn a living, you need to move, be active, and not sit still.
To be afraid of wolves - do not go into the forest.
If you are afraid of difficulties or dangerous consequences, then you should not start any business.
All diseases are from the nerves.
Anger, resentment and indignation weaken the immune system, which leads to the formation of diseases. Avoid anything that makes you nervous. Gain patience.
Everything will grind - there will be flour.
Any problem sooner or later turns into a good result.
All is well that ends well.
If the ending is good, then there is nothing to worry about.
Everything has its time.
Everything happens at the appointed time, not earlier and not later.
Everyone goes crazy in their own way.
Each person has their own advantages and disadvantages.
Every cricket know your hearth.
Everyone should know their place and not climb into someone else's.
Any bast in a line.
Everything can be useful, everything can be used; any mistake is blamed.
Where there is anger, there is mercy.
Not everything is managed only by anger alone, with time comes pardon.
Where firewood is chopped, chips fly there.
In any business, there are always losses, costs ...
Needed where was born.
About a place of birth that should not be left forever.
Where it is thin, it breaks there.
What is strong always remains strong, and the weak link always gives a crack.
The eyes are afraid, but the hands are doing.
It's scary to take on a task until you do it.
Need for inventions is cunning.
Need, poverty of a person make him smarter and more inventive.
Mountain does not converge with mountain, but man will converge with man.
About people, in spite of the mountains, who by their nature are able to understand, to go forward.
One grave will fix a humpbacked one, but a club will fix a stubborn one.
It is hard for a person, and sometimes it is impossible to get rid of his bad habits.
Prepare the sleigh in summer and the cart in winter.
Before you start any business, you must first prepare.
They do not look at a given horse's teeth.
For any gift it is necessary to thank and rejoice in it, they say, take what they give.
Two bears do not live in the same den.
About two rivals claiming leadership. There is no place for two owners in one house.
The work of the master is afraid.
The work carried out by the master is carried out efficiently and quickly.
Business time, fun hour.
Most of the time should be spent on study and work, and only partly on entertainment.
For a sweet friend and an earring from an ear.
For a good friend or loved one, even the most valuable is not a pity.
Debt good turn deserves another.
A good attitude towards people will definitely return the same.
Expensive egg for Easter day.
It's always nice to get what you expect at the right time, in the right place.
Friendship is friendship, and service is service.
Friendly relations should not affect official ones, however, as well as vice versa.
A friend in need is a friend indeed.
Only a friend will do everything possible for you for the sake of salvation in a difficult situation.
The law is not written for fools.
Only a smart person succumbs to the rules, fools still have no time for them.
A bad example is contagious.
About imitating a bad example, a bad deed of another person.
To live life is not a field to cross.
Life is complicated, living it is not so easy.
If you chase two hares, you won't catch one.
It is impossible to achieve two goals at the same time, everything must be done sequentially.
You can't see the forest for the trees.
Going in cycles in trifles or on the same thing, it is impossible to see the main thing.
The Forbidden fruit is sweet.
Taking someone else's or forbidden is much more pleasant than taking your own.
Make a fool pray to God - he will hurt his forehead.
An excessively zealous person can harm the cause.
It is not worth it.
The money spent on something is not justified by the results obtained.
You can't take a word out of a song.
It is impossible to change or hide something with words without distorting reality.
If he knew where to fall, he would have spread straws.
About caution, foresight, so that there is no trouble.
Each sandpiper praises his swamp.
Every person praises the place in which he lives, and everything else is alien, unusual.
As it comes around, so it will respond.
Any actions towards people around you, good or bad, eventually turn into the same.
As you call the ship, so it will sail.
What you tune in is what you get.
You won't spoil the porridge with butter.
Useful, pleasant cannot do harm, even if there is too much of it.
Fight fire with fire.
Eliminate the results of any action, therefore, by the same means that caused this action.
The end is the crown of the whole thing.
Any business is important to complete.
Finished the job - walk boldly.
After finishing work, you can relax calmly, without thinking about it.
A horse with four legs - and then stumbles.
Even the most intelligent, dexterous and skillful people can sometimes make mistakes.
A penny saves a ruble.
To accumulate a lot, we must not neglect the small.
The hut is red not with corners, but with pies.
The owner of the house is valued not by wealth, but by hospitality.
Who seeks will always find.
When a person really tries to seek, he really finds.
Who gets up early, God gives him.
Whoever gets up early is not lazy, and the day is longer and the harvest is richer.
Where the needle goes, there goes the thread.
About a person dependent on someone or about a tight attachment to each other.
Strike while the iron is hot.
While the opportunity allows, it is better to act, and then later it may not be.
The hen pecks at the grain, but it happens to be full.
By doing something regularly, even if little by little, you can achieve results.
You can't break through the wall with your forehead.
It is impossible to go against the authorities.
The recumbent is not beaten.
It is not customary to finish off the injured or in trouble.
A fly in the ointment in a barrel of honey.
When everything is good, any, even a minor dirty trick can ruin everything.
Better a bitter truth than a sweet lie.
You can’t go far on a lie, unlike the truth, be it what it is.
Better to see once than hear a hundred times.
Do not believe the words, you should only look at the actions.
Better late than never.
It's better to do something at least sometime than not to do it at all.
A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
It is better to have something small and easily accessible than something large and difficult to achieve.
Love for all ages.
A person has the ability to fall in love at absolutely any age.
If you like to ride - love to carry sleds.
To achieve something in your life - make an effort.
The less you know the better you sleep.
The more you know, the more worries, experiences.
The world is not without good people.
There will always be generous people with a desire to help in someone else's trouble.
Young is green.
Young people, unlike adults, are not mature enough in their knowledge.
Silent means consent.
Silence - as a suggestion of an affirmative answer.
Moscow was not built in a day.
Everything complex and perfect is never given immediately, only with a set of experience.
On lack of fish and cancer - fish.
In the absence of a better one, something worse may come in handy.
Trust in God, but don't make a mistake yourself.
Don't rely solely on God to do anything. Do everything yourself, and God only supports.
Every man to his own taste.
The tastes and preferences of different people may differ from each other.
You can't please everyone.
You can't please everyone no matter what you do. Even if you are an angel, someone may not like the rustle of your wings.
Enough simplicity for every sage.
No matter how wise and perspicacious a person is, he can be deceived.
On the catcher and the beast runs.
Bold, persistent, stubborn, it is easier to achieve something desired.
No, there is no judgment.
About the humble acceptance of the absence of something or the refusal of a request.
They carry water on the offended.
Man has to be able to forgive. And the offended person looks uninteresting to anyone.
Hope dies last.
Even with disappointment or complete failure, there is hope for the best.
Gruzdev called himself get in the body.
Boasted or promised to do something - do it.
You won't be forced to be nice.
No one can be forced to love against his will.
God does not burn pots.
Each person is doomed to cope with his tasks himself, and not rely only on God alone.
Do not sit in your sleigh.
Equivalent to "Mind your own business."
Not everything is Shrovetide for a cat, there is also a great post.
Life is not always a holiday. She walks in shifting lanes.
Not all that glitters is gold.
Any thing or entity, no matter how beautiful it looks, is not defined only by external signs. More important signs are internal.
Not knowing the ford, do not poke your head into the water.
Before you do something, you should know how it is done.
Do not have a hundred rubles, but have a hundred friends.
Money disappears at the first trip to the store, but friends remain forever.
It is not the place that makes the man, but the man the place.
A person in a bad position can be an excellent worker, and in a good position, vice versa.
Don't put off until tomorrow what you can do today.
While there is an opportunity, it is better to carry out the plan immediately, in order to avoid acquiring laziness and regret.
Do not spit in the well - you will need some water to drink.
Do not spoil the relationship with a person, whatever he may be. But in the future it can be very useful, and even save a life.
Not caught - not a thief, not convicted - not a gulen.
A person is not guilty of his deed until guilt is proven.
Do not dig a hole for someone else - you yourself will fall into it.
A person who does bad things to another person suffers himself, having run into the consequences of his own actions.
Don't cut the branch you're sitting on.
Do not do stupid things and evil, because you yourself can choke on the same.
The devil is not as scary as he is painted.
About an indication of the exaggeration of the significance of any negative phenomenon.
Man does not live by bread alone.
Man possesses not only material qualities, but also spiritual ones.
There is no smoke without fire.
Nothing just happens, for example, there is no gossip without reason.
There is no bad without good.
In any difficult situation, you can always extract something pleasant, useful.
Burnt in milk - blowing on the water.
Having made a mistake once, in the future you become more cautious, prudent.
There is safety in numbers.
Alone, it is more difficult to withstand something, to win the fight, than with someone together.
One head is good, but two is even better.
Two people will be able to solve any problem better and faster, unlike one.
One swallow does not make spring.
The very first and only sign of a phenomenon is not yet the phenomenon itself.
From love to hate one step.
It will not be difficult to anger a person and make him hate.
No one is immune from the event.
No matter how hard you try to prevent disaster, it can still happen.
Double-edged sword.
For every desired action, there is a reaction.
The first pancake is lumpy.
Any business does not always turn out really well the first time.
Stretch your legs along the clothes.
About living within your means, income, in accordance with your capabilities.
They are greeted by clothes, escorted by mind.
A meeting with a person is valued according to external signs, and parting - according to internal, mental ones.
A guilty head and a sword does not flog.
Voluntarily admitting his guilt should not be punished seriously.
Repetition is the mother of learning.
The more you repeat, the better you know.
A rolling stone gathers no moss.
If you do nothing, nothing will come of it.
Until the thunder breaks out, the peasant will not cross himself.
A person will drag out his illness, or other problem, to the last, until it finally develops.
Trying is not torture, and demand is not a problem.
Nothing prevents at least trying to do something than not doing at all.
They don't wave their fists after a fight.
It is unacceptable to change anything when it is already too late.
Hurry up and make people laugh.
Any business should be done calmly, slowly, in order to avoid a ridiculous situation.
Forewarned is forearmed.
What you are warned about, you are ready for.
Trouble has come - open the gate.
Misfortune never comes alone. Therefore, you need to be more careful and ready for anything.
A frightened crow is afraid of a bush.
If a person is really scared, he will be afraid of everything that surrounds him.
The drunken sea is knee-deep, and the puddle is up to the ears.
A drunk person is drawn to actions that, being sober, he would never have dared to do.
Once a year and the stick shoots.
Very rarely, but still the impossible may well become possible.
One who is born to crawl cannot fly.
If a person is born a fool, then he will die a fool.
The fish is looking for where it is deeper, and the person is looking for where it is better.
About people wanting the best gadgets of their lives.
The fish goes out from the head.
If the government is bad, so will its subordinates.
Birds of a feather flock together.
Close people easily find a common language.
To live with wolves is to howl like a wolf.
When joining a community, life according to their principles is not excluded.
Out of sight, out of mind.
The principle of a person is to forget the one with whom he does not see and does not communicate.
With whom you lead, from that you will type.
With whom you communicate, make friends, from that you adopt his views, habits, and so on.
With a loved one and in a hut paradise.
With a loved one is good in any place and under any conditions.
The world did not converge like a wedge.
If everything is good on some object, you should not manage only with it.
Our people - let's count.
Close people are doomed to help each other without asking for anything in return.
It does not carry its own burden.
What you personally inherited is easier to bear, in contrast to the portability of someone else.
Your shirt is closer to your body.
Your own interests are more important than the interests of other people.
A holy place is never empty.
If a good place is empty, someone else immediately takes it.
Seven do not wait for one.
They won’t wait for one latecomer when everyone has already gathered and is ready for business.
Seven times measure cut once.
Before you do something, you must first think carefully, foresee everything, in order to avoid an accident.
Lawless Heart.
About not being able to control your feelings.
No matter how much you feed a wolf, he still looks into the forest.
It is impossible to change the natural instincts and inclinations of another person.
Soon the fairy tale tells, but not soon the deed is done.
About the foreshadowing of any business, as in a fairy tale - quickly and easily, but in reality everything is more difficult.
Miser pays twice.
Unlike buying a cheap thing, and then an expensive one, due to the imminent breakdown of a cheap one, it is better to buy an expensive and high-quality thing right away for a long time.
Tears of sorrow will not help.
Do not be discouraged if you can get rid of grief. And if the problem is inevitable, shedding tears is pointless.
The word is not a sparrow, it will fly out - you will not catch it.
Once in an awkward situation, uttering a bad word, it is impossible to go back.
Word is silver, silence is gold.
To say something useful is a matter of honor, but it is better to remain silent about useless and empty chatter.
The earth is full of hearing.
A person knows secret information through rumors.
A dog is biting from the life of a dog.
An unkind, aggressive person often becomes so from the conditions of his life: from a lack of love, care from people around him, frequent misfortunes, etc.
He ate the dog and choked on his tail.
You can't do anything big without tripping over something.
There are no boundaries for perfection.
No matter how hard you try to improve things, you can always do better.
Nightingales are not fed with fables.
Talking will not feed those who want to eat. He should be offered food.
An old bird is not caught with chaff.
An experienced person is difficult to outwit, lead to a dead end.
An old friend is better than two new ones.
The old, proven, long-familiar, predictable is much more reliable, in contrast to the new, unfamiliar, not yet tested by everyday situations.
The well-fed does not understand the hungry.
The difficulty of one is incomprehensible to another until he sinks to this difficulty himself.
Patience and a little effort.
Patience and perseverance in work will overcome all obstacles.
Be patient, Cossack - you will become an ataman!
The urge to become a patient person when any difficulty is unbearable.
Three doctors are no better than one.
Similar to the proverb Too many cooks spoil the broth.
Too many cooks spoil the broth.
The more people take on one thing, the less attention is paid to it.
Fear has big eyes.
About fearful people who perceive everything small and insignificant as large and terrible.
An agreement (agreement) is more valuable than money.
A respectful contract, unlike money, can be lost forever. You must strictly adhere to its terms.
Drowning and clutching at straws.
A person in trouble is ready to do anything for the sake of salvation. Even if the method does not give special results.
The morning is wiser than the evening.
In the morning, decisions are made more effectively than in a tired evening.
Learning is light and ignorance is darkness.
Teaching is the path to knowledge, achievements, success. And ignorance is the cause of backwardness in development and lack of culture.
Well, where we do not.
Often a person underestimates where he is now, and overestimates the features of the place where he has not yet been.
Thin (bad) grass out of the field.
Harmful, something unnecessary should be disposed of so that things go faster.
Do not count your chickens before they are hatched.
One can speak about the success of any business only with its visible result.
Man is the architect of his own happiness.
For happiness, you need to do something, and not wait until it comes by itself.
Man proposes, but God disposes.
You should not be one hundred percent sure of the success of an action or enterprise that has not yet taken place.
What you boast about, without that you will remain.
A person who talks a lot about his happiness is left without it.
What the hell is not joking (while God sleeps).
Anything can happen, anything can happen.
What we have, we do not store, but when we lose it, we cry.
The true value of something or someone is seen when we lose it.
What is written with a pen cannot be cut down with an axe.
What is written and known cannot be changed.
What you sow, you will reap.
The good or evil done by someone eventually returns.
To recognize a person, you need to eat a pound of salt with him.
To get to know a person well, you need to live with him for a long time, having overcome various difficulties of life with him.
Alien soul - darkness.
No matter how well we know a person, his thoughts will always be a mystery. And the appearance of a person is not always a reflection of his soul.
I’ll sort out someone else’s misfortune with my hands, but I won’t apply my mind to my own.
Other people's troubles seem more solvable, easier, unlike their own.
Murder will out.
The secret always becomes clear. And the lies will eventually come out.
Shchi and porridge are our food.
About the habit of eating simple food
The apple never falls far from the tree.
What parents, the same mentality and their children.
Language will bring to Kyiv.
By asking people, you can get anywhere.
Teach your grandmother to suck eggs.
An inexperienced person can teach little to an experienced person.
Humanity has long sought to pass on as much knowledge as possible to the new generation. Since folklore used to be the only possibility for this process, people thought about the form in which the education of children should take place. Thanks to this interest, new types of oral folk art were born. Through sayings and proverbs, it was possible to express a huge amount of information related to morality, traditions and customs of different countries of the world. Centuries-old wisdom was clothed in a strict framework of conciseness and imagery, so it passed without loss through the centuries. Small but capacious sentences and phrases carried information that helped young listeners to set the right life guidelines.
It turned out that the kids fully understand the essence of what was said, if it is confirmed by obvious examples from the surrounding reality. In any millennium, children equally perceive the deep meaning of small genres of national folklore. The only thing that may at first puzzle those who first touched such a type of information transfer as a saying and a proverb - what is the difference between these similar concepts? To realize the difference that exists in the two directions of folk art is quite simple. The proverb is a short figurative phrase or phrase (for example, “the cat cried”), while the proverb is a full-fledged sentence with a clearly expressed meaning and obvious morality (“business is time, fun is an hour”). A capacious synonym for any act and edification, fixed in a special rhythmic pattern, have different directions. It is not difficult to briefly formulate how a proverb differs from a saying - it stands out for the teaching that was originally embedded in its structure.
Despite their overly truncated appearance, sayings have always made the language of human communication richer and more colorful. If someone did not want to directly name some phenomenon, then it was always possible to choose an expression that fully reflects the essence of what is happening. Thanks to people's ingenuity and observations, phrases were compiled that clearly show how this or that process is directly related to the internal state of a person:
- “I went headlong into ...” - complete immersion in the matter;
- "like water off a duck's back" - the ability to survive any situation without loss;
- “keep your pocket wider” - overly high expectations;
- “The bast does not knit” is a sign of the strongest intoxication.
Such synonyms helped people express their personal attitude to various circumstances and at the same time show the figurativeness of their own speech.
In the 21st century, the details of any old occupation are no longer relevant, or they have long disappeared from public life. Only a saying, an example of which can sometimes be heard in everyday life, does not allow us to forget the very concept of the original process. The simplest work in the form of blanks from logs of wooden chocks - spoons have been cut from them in the village since ancient times - has become synonymous with idleness. Now, in order to understand the essence of the phrase “beat the buckets”, one does not need to dive into the details of the profession of an ancient master. Also in the form of a saying, you can find a phrase from some fable or larger literary work:
- "pig under the oak" - black ingratitude and shortsightedness;
- "dog in the manger" - unwillingness to give in to others;
- "Demyan's ear" - excessive obsession.
A smart thought, expressed as a proverb, is an example of the competent insertion of the required message into an understandable complete form of a whole sentence. In addition to a special rhythm, these folklore units are short in length so that the knowledge contained in them is better assimilated. With the help of capacious phrases, the child will immediately understand why a person should adhere to certain rules in life. Folk wisdom is well perceived at any age, but the sooner the kids hear it, the more deeply the principles that form the personality of the child will enter into the subconscious. The behavioral fundamentals introduced by parents will help them grow into useful members of society with a strong inner core.
The commonality of human worldviews is reflected in the similarity of proverbs that are used in different parts of the world. Very often, peoples are united in the conclusions made when evaluating certain acts. As an example, we can take thrift, which is an important element in the lives of many people. According to the Russian proverb - "a penny saves a ruble." The German version sounds a little different, but with the same meaning - "guilders are made up of kreuzers." On other topics, there are also similar expressions:
- “out of the fire, but into the frying pan” (Russian posl.),
- “I escaped the net, but I got hooked” (Viet. pos.);
- “You won’t recognize a friend without trouble” (Russian posl.),
- “the well-being of friends creates, and difficulties experience them” (English last);
- “Seven nannies have a child without an eye” (Russian posl.),
- “Food burned from many hands” (Arabic pos.);
- “The old horse will not spoil the furrow” (Russian posl.),
- “The old camel will not let you down” (Arabic last).
In such examples, it is noticeable how similar the universal norms of morality and personal relationships that different peoples adhere to. Given the above, it is not difficult to understand how a proverb differs from a saying.
Obtaining knowledge and experience of previous generations through folklore significantly reduces the period of socialization of the child. New skills allow him to properly interact with peers and adults. Thanks to the understanding of sensible sayings, the baby will make his own impressions of any actions of others. Using folk wisdom in speech, children will be able to appreciate its conciseness, imagery and depth. Realizing how a saying differs from a proverb, examples of which are posted on our Internet resource, representatives of the new generation will enrich their language with lively and vivid turns. Using such expressions and phrases, you can both pick up colorful epithets and show your personal attitude to what is happening. The earlier a child learns about such forms of folklore, the easier it will be for him to characterize the actions of other people and adapt to life in society.
"The genius, spirit and character of the people is manifested in its proverbs" (F. Bacon)
Folk proverbs and sayings are part of the spiritual heritage that we inherited from our ancestors. This is truly a golden storehouse of folk wisdom accumulated over many centuries. They cover almost all aspects of our life, so it is very useful to introduce your baby to proverbs and sayings from early childhood, memorize , to tell their meaning, where and in what cases they are used, learn to resort to them at every opportunity.
RUSSIAN FOLK PROVERBS AND SAYINGS.
To live life is not a field to cross.
Every Egor has a saying.
Proverb-flower, proverb-berry.
Not knowing the ford, do not poke your head into the water.
Life is given for good deeds.
Red speech proverb.
Trust in God, but don't make a mistake yourself.
A house is not built without corners, speech is not spoken without a proverb.
Wet rain is not afraid.
Small, but remote.
On someone else's side, I'm happy with my little funnel.
Whoever burns himself in milk, he blows into the water.
A cowardly bunny and a stump - a wolf.
There would be dinner, but the spoon is found.
From time immemorial, the book raises a person.
Own land and in a handful is sweet.
Ah yes oh will not give help.
Falsely acquired for the future will not work.
Once he lied, but for a century he became a liar.
The mother swings high and hits gently, the stepmother swings low and hits painfully.
On the native side and the pebble is familiar.
It is better to forgive ten guilty people than to execute one innocent.
Where the pine has grown, there it is red.
It is bad for him who does no good to anyone.
Wormwood does not grow without a root.
The sting is sharp, and the tongue is sharper.
Without a friend in the heart of a blizzard.
A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
There is no friend, so look for, but there is, so take care.
A liar is always an unfaithful friend, he will deceive you around.
The native side is the mother, the alien side is the stepmother.
Where to live, there to be known.
They are greeted by clothes, and escorted by mind.
Being a guest is good, but being at home is better.
That bird is stupid, which does not like its nest.
To go on a visit - it is necessary to drive to yourself.
Trouble is trouble, and food is food.
On the other side, and the spring is not red.
Every man is the blacksmith of his own happiness.
On the other side, even the falcon is called a crow.
God will soak, God will dry.
Teach children without people.
A storm hits a tall tree.
Altyn silver does not break the ribs.
You don't get rich by cheating, you get poorer.
You go for a day, take bread for a week.
If you like to ride - love to carry sleds.
What is the spin, such is the shirt on it.
He destroys himself who does not love others.
It is better to be silent than to lie.
If you don't know how to sew with gold, then strike with a hammer.
The hand of the giver will not fail.
If only he knew where he fell, he spread straws here.
The eyes are afraid, but the hands are doing.
Summer works for winter, and winter works for summer.
Who indulges children, then sheds a tear.
For a scientist they give three unscientists, and even then they don’t take it.
In crowded but not mad.
What goes around comes around.
Prepare the sleigh in summer and the cart in winter.
Who knows a lot, much is asked.
Get up early, understand sensibly, perform diligently.
Perhaps they won’t bring it to good somehow.
The work of the master is afraid.
Play, play, but know the matter.
Finished the job - walk boldly.
You can't even pull a fish out of a pond without difficulty.
The envious eye sees far.
Health can not be bought - his mind gives.
Business time, fun hour.
The day is long until the evening, if there is nothing to do.
Who does not work shall not eat.
In the summer you work up - in the winter you get hungry.
Skillful hands do not know boredom.
Patience and a little effort.
You love to ride, love to carry sleds.
There will be a day - there will be food.
Labor feeds a person, but laziness spoils.
Take it together, it won't be heavy.
Beware of troubles while they are not.
The craft does not ask to drink and eat, but feeds itself.
The snow is white, but they trample underfoot, the poppy is black, and people eat.
Although the child is crooked, the father-mother is cute.
Not an ax amuses, but a carpenter.
Do not sit idly by, and there will be no boredom.
Boring day until evening, if there is nothing to do. 
A rolling stone gathers no moss.
Without work to live only to smoke the sky.
Postpone idleness, but do not postpone business.
Don't hurry with your tongue, hurry with your deeds.
Handle every task skillfully.
There would be a hunt - work will go well.
They are greeted by the dress, escorted by the mind.
Learning to read and write is always useful.
And the strength of the mind is inferior.
They sent a smart one - say one word, say three fools, and go after him yourself.
A smart head has a hundred hands.
Mind is good, but two is better.
You can't live without the sun, you can't live without the sweet.
As is the mind, so are the speeches.
In a smart conversation, gain your mind, lose your mind in a stupid one.
Know more and say less.
The stupid one turns sour, but the smart one will provide everything.
The bird is red in singing, and the man in learning.
An unlearned person is like an unsharpened axe.
The dunno lies, and the know-it-all runs far.
If you want to eat kalachi, don't sit on the stove.
From the window of the whole world you can not look back. 
Learning is light and ignorance is darkness.
The alphabet is science, and the guys are beech.
An old friend is better than two new ones.
A friend argues, and an enemy agrees.
Do not recognize a friend in three days, recognize in three years.
A friend and brother is a great thing: you won’t get it soon.
I was with a friend, I drank water - sweeter than honey.
There is no friend, so look for, but you will find, so take care.
Make new friends, but don't lose old ones.
For a friend, seven miles is not a suburb.
An orphan without a friend, a family man with a friend.
Seven do not wait for one.
A horse is known in grief, and a friend in trouble.
When the sun is warm, when the mother is good.
There is no friend like a mother.
What is the treasure, if the family is in harmony.
Brotherly love is better than stone walls.
The bird is glad of spring, and the baby of the mother.
The children's hut is fun.
The whole family is together, and the soul is in place.
Maternal affection knows no end.
Maternal anger is like spring snow: and a lot of it falls, but it will soon melt.
The dear child has many names.
Grandmother - only one grandfather is not a grandson.
Good daughter Annushka, if mother and grandmother praise
From the same oven, but the rolls are not the same.
And a mad sheep will be born from a good father.
The bird is in the nest until autumn, and the children are in the house until the age.
From a bad seed do not expect a good tribe.
Capricious in childhood, ugly in years.
All children are equal - both boys and girls.
The children's hut is fun.
Painting by artist Pieter Brueghel called "Proverbs".
A painting by the artist Pieter Brueghel (1525/30–1569) titled “Sayings”. The name speaks for itself, the picture shows more than two dozen different instructive sayings. Here are some of them: banging your head against the wall, leading each other by the nose, pouring beads in front of pigs, putting sticks in wheels, sitting between two chairs, looking through your fingers, and others. Where in the picture is shown, what saying are you looking for yourself.
Floorboards and sayings are a stable pair of words often used together. And in the subconscious, these words are perceived as one and the same, as different names for one phenomenon. Yes, of course, proverbs and sayings have common features - nationality, brevity, accuracy, aphorism, even rhyme. But that's where their similarities end. It turns out that there is a fundamental difference between proverbs and sayings.
Proverb
is a logically complete expression that implies some kind of action. It usually consists of two parts. A proverb necessarily implies some kind of edification, teaching or morality. Some proverbs have authors. (I. Krylov, A. Griboedov, Kozma Prutkov…)
Examples of proverbs:
- The quieter you go, the further you'll get.
- You will know a lot - you will soon grow old.
- Do not wake famously while it is quiet.
- I would be glad to serve - it's sickening to serve!
- Money in the morning, chairs in the evening.
- Measure seven times, cut once.
- If you don't know the ford, don't poke your head into the water.
- Do not sit in your sleigh.
- Don't say gop until you jump over.
- Prepare a cart in winter, a sleigh in summer.
- You can't pull a fish out of a pond without effort.
- To be afraid of wolves - do not go into the forest.
- Leopard change his spots.
- Do not open your mouth at someone else's loaf.
- Whoever remembers the old - that eye out.
- Better to see once than hear a hundred times.
- On someone else's mouth, do not throw a scarf.
- Smart will not go uphill!
- You can't wash a black dog white.
- Trust in God, but don't make a mistake yourself.
Proverb
This is a concise folk (or author's gone to the people) expression that aptly characterizes some phenomenon or pattern. A saying, unlike a proverb, does not imply action and does not carry edification or teaching. She is simply stating a fact. May also have an author. A.N. Ostrovsky often used proverbs in the titles of his plays.
Examples of sayings
- Two of a Kind.
- There is no smoke without fire.
- What is the pop - such is the arrival.
- Do not have a hundred rubles, but have a hundred friends.
- Burnt in milk blows on water.
- The dog barks - the wind carries.
- They say chickens are milked in Moscow.
- Where will the curve take you?
- Brevity is the soul of wit.
- Paper will endure everything.
- The office is writing.
- Not in the eyebrow, but in the eye.
- The first pancake is lumpy.
- Repetition is the mother of learning.
- Meli Emelya, your week.
- It is not the place that makes the man, but the man the place.
- The law is not written for fools.
- After the rain on Thursday.
Sayings in the titles of plays by A. N. Ostrovsky
- Enough simplicity for every sage.
Our people - let's count.
Poverty is not a vice.
Hangover in someone else's feast.
An old friend is better than two new ones.
The truth is good, but happiness is better.
Briefly for memorization
Proverb
A short, logically complete expression suggesting an action. It usually consists of two parts. It implies some kind of edification, teaching or morality.
Proverb
Laconic folk (or author's gone to the people) expression, aptly characterizing some kind of phenomenon. Unlike a proverb, it does not imply action and does not have edification or teaching.
P.S.Sometimes it is difficult to draw a clear line between a proverb and a saying. For example, are the following expressions proverbs or sayings? Or something else?
- Everything has its time.
- For that fought for it and ran.
- The less you know the better you sleep.
- Teach your grandmother to suck eggs.
- A penny saves a ruble.
- It is impossible to embrace the immensity.
- Better less is better. ...
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