Preparing for

final essay

"PLEASED MAN" (poem in prose) A young man is skipping along the streets of the capital. His movements are cheerful, lively; the eyes shine, the lips grin, the touched face pleasantly reddens ... He is all - contentment and joy. What happened to him? Did he inherit? Did he get promoted? Is he in a hurry for a love date? Or did he just have a good breakfast - and a feeling of health, a feeling of well-fed strength leaped up in all his members? Have they put your beautiful octagonal cross on his neck, O Polish King Stanislav! No. He composed a slander against an acquaintance, spread it carefully, heard it, this same slander, from the lips of another acquaintance - and he believed her. Oh, how pleased, how kind even at this moment this dear, promising young man! February, 1878

Poem in prose

"Happy Man"

I. S. Turgenev

What moral qualities of a person were condemned in the work?

Moral villainy and dishonor

"Happy Man"

Makes others evil

(composed slander)

"man of promise"

HONOR - ... HONOR

• Honor- this is that high spiritual force that keeps a person from meanness, betrayal, lies and cowardice. This is the core that strengthens the individual in choosing an act, this is a situation where conscience is the judge.
• Life often tests people, putting them before a choice - to act honorably and take a hit on themselves, or to be cowardly and go against conscience in order to gain benefits and get away from troubles, possibly death.
• A person always has a choice, and how he will act depends on his moral principles. The path of honor is difficult, but the retreat from it, the loss of honor, is even more painful.

Honor or dishonor?

Being a social, rational and conscious being, a person cannot but think about how others treat him, what they think about him, what assessments are given to his actions and his whole life. At the same time, he cannot help thinking about his place among other people. This spiritual connection of a person with society is expressed in the concepts of Honor and Dignity.

“Honor is my life,” Shakespeare wrote, “they have grown together into one, and to lose honor is equal to the loss of life for me.”

Possible topic formulations:

• Take care of honor from a young age ...
• Can honor resist dishonor?
• Do you agree with the statement of P. Corneille “We have no right to live when honor has perished”?
• Are there people of honor today?
• Is it easy to live without honor and conscience?
• Honor and honesty: how are these concepts related?
• What an honor if there is nothing to eat!

Not strong the best, but honest. Honor and dignity are the strongest. (F. M. Dostoevsky)

Honor cannot be taken away, it can be lost. (A.P. Chekhov)

Our honor is to follow the best and improve the worst ... (Plato)

Honor is an outward conscience, and conscience is an inward honor. (Arthur Schopenhauer)

Spring of honor, our idol!

And that's what the world revolves on!

(A. S. Pushkin)

The direction is based on polar concepts related to the choice of a person: to be true to the voice of conscience, to follow moral principles, or to follow the path of betrayal, lies and hypocrisy.

Many writers focused on depicting various manifestations of a person: from loyalty to moral rules to various forms of compromise with conscience, up to a deep moral fall.

Introduction based on FIPI comments to the direction

Honor... Disgrace... Life and society put before each person a moral choice: to live as conscience dictates, to follow moral principles or follow the path of dishonor, to achieve everything in life through betrayal, lies and hypocrisy. ….

I think that... Undoubtedly... It seems to me that.... In my opinion, ….

Many writers focused on depicting various manifestations of a person: from loyalty to moral rules to various forms of compromise with conscience, up to a deep moral decline. So, …

Your opinion on this topic

+ transition to arguments from the literature

Code of noble honor on the pages of literary works

The history of the Russian duel of the 19th century is the history of human tragedies, high impulses and passions. The concept of honor in the noble society of that time is connected with the dueling tradition. There was even a code of noble honor. The readiness to pay with life for the inviolability of one's personal dignity presupposed a keen awareness of this dignity.

A.S. Pushkin, "a slave of honor", defending the honor of his wife and his honor, challenged Dantes to a duel, because. could not live “slandered by rumors” and put an end to dishonor at the cost of his own life. M.Yu. Lermontov also fell victim to dishonest and vicious envious people.

In many works of literature, honor is a measure of the humanity and decency of heroes.

Honor as the embodiment of the hero's spiritual power Honor as the embodiment of the hero's spiritual power

The honor of the clan is a category of folk morality. The merchant Kalashnikov in the famous "Song about the Merchant Kalashnikov ..." M.Yu. is the defender of popular ideas about honor and dignity. Lermontov. Having based the plot on a real event, Lermontov fills it with a deep moral meaning. Kalashnikov comes out to fight "for the holy truth, mother", for family values, for the honor of his wife. The image of the merchant Kalashnikov is close to the popular ideal. Just like the heroes of folk epics, Stepan fights for honor and justice, defends eternal values.

Honor as the embodiment of the hero's spiritual power

« But your honor is my guarantee, and I boldly entrust myself to her”, - lines from a letter from Tatyana Larina from the novel by A.S. Pushkin's "Eugene Onegin", completing a declaration of love, not only expresses the hope of a young girl for the decency and dignity of the chosen one. They sound faith in the fact that the honor of the heroine herself will not be abused.

For Larina, the concept of honor, moral purity is the basis of the worldview. Guided by her idea of ​​duty, she remains faithful to her husband, rejecting Onegin's love. It is possible to sacrifice love, but not to sacrifice honor.

Honor as the embodiment of the spiritual power of the hero Antithesis honor-disgrace in 20th century literature

(V. Bykov "Sotnikov").

The literature about the Great Patriotic War does not bypass the problem of preserving honor. Become a coward, dishonor yourself with betrayal and continue to live with it - this is the choice Rybak makes. He agrees to serve as a policeman, knocks out a support from under the feet of a former fellow soldier and becomes the executioner of the one with whom he fought shoulder to shoulder yesterday. He stays alive and suddenly catches on himself a look full of hatred. Hate him, a coward and a traitor, a dishonorable person. Now he is an enemy - both for people and for himself too ... Fate deprives Rybak of the opportunity to commit suicide, he will live with his stigma of dishonor.

Literature to help

• D. Fonvizin "Undergrowth"
• A. Griboedov "Woe from Wit"
• A. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter"
• A. Pushkin "Dubrovsky"
• M. Lermontov "Song about Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich ..."
• M. Lermontov "The Fugitive"
• N. Gogol "Taras Bulba"
• L. Tolstoy "War and Peace"
• F. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment"
• A. Green "Green Lamp".
• M. Sholokhov "The fate of man"
• V. Bykov "Obelisk"; "Sotnikov"
• B. Vasiliev "I was not on the lists"
• Prosper Merimee "Matteo Falcone"

Argumentation

Poem in prose

"Happy Man"

• Formulation of your position in the form of a thesis;
• Making a micro-withdrawal,

using quote

I. S. Turgenev

So, in conclusion, I want to say that………………. I think that ………………………………. At the end, I want to remember the lines …………………..

So, in conclusion, I want to say that each of us will go our own way in life, each of us has our own path, full of ups and downs. And yet, I think that the main thing for a person is to be honest with himself and with others. In the end, I would like to recall the lines of A. S. Pushkin:

Spring of honor, our idol!

And that's what the world revolves on!

Perhaps honor is a heavy burden for everyone, and only a strong personality, brought up in honesty and morality, is capable of carrying it. Of course, everyone chooses for himself whether to follow the path of honor or live without it, omitting all unnecessary moral prejudices and pangs of conscience. However, it becomes sad at the moment when such a concept as “honor” is not initially invested in the upbringing of a person, because in the future it becomes a tragedy for the whole society. After all, moral decay, the fall of moral foundations leads to the collapse of both the individual and the whole nation.

Yuri Levitansky

Everyone chooses for himself

Everyone chooses for himself

woman, religion, road.

Serve the devil or the prophet -

everyone chooses for himself.

Everyone chooses for themselves

a word for love and for prayer.

Dueling sword, battle sword

everyone chooses for themselves.

Everyone chooses for themselves.

Shield and armor, staff and patches,

measure of final retribution

everyone chooses for themselves.

Everyone chooses for himself.

I also choose as best I can.

I have no complaints against anyone.

Everyone chooses for himself.

Homework Create and write down a complex outline for each of the following topics:

• How are the concepts of "honor" and "fatherland" related?
• What does it mean to walk the path of honor?
• What drives a person to dishonorable acts?

Final essay 2018

Thematic directions
final essay
2018-2019 in literature.
Examples of essays
thematic areas

Quotes Aphorisms

Only the world of dreams is eternal. Valery Bryusov

Nothing contributes to the creation of the future like bold dreams. Today utopia, tomorrow - flesh and blood. Victor Hugo

The dreamer feels reality most of all: too often he falls from heaven to earth. Karol Izhikovsky

Even from a dream, you can make jam if you add fruits and sugar. Stanislav Lets

Dreams are half reality. Joseph Joubert

The dreams that are not in doubt are the easiest to achieve. Dumas

It is in dreams that new ideas are born ... To achieve the fulfillment of a dream is the greatest meaning of human life ... Alexey Yakovlev

A dream is a castle that exists only until it is built. Vladislav Grzegorchik

Dreams are plans in the mind, and plans are dreams on paper. Vladislav Gzheshchik

Maybe the one who does the most, dreams the most. Stephen Leacock

If our vision had the ability to see the inner world of our neighbor, it would be much more accurate to judge a person by his dreams than by his thoughts. Victor Hugo

Final essay on the topic
Dream and reality

Thematic direction of the final essay Dream and reality

The essay is evaluated according to five criteria:
- relevance to the topic;
- argumentation, attraction of literary material;
- composition;
- speech quality;
- literacy.

Reliance on a work of art when writing an essay implies not just a reference to a particular literary text, but also an appeal to it at the level of argumentation, the use of examples related to the problems and themes of works, the system of characters, etc.

Thematic direction of the final essay of 2018-2019 in literature:

| Dream and reality.

The concepts of "dream" and "reality" are in many respects opposed and at the same time closely related, they aim at comprehending various ideas about the world and the meaning of life, at thinking about how reality gives rise to a dream and how a person's dream raises him above the ordinary.
There are many heroes in literature who have different attitudes to the dream: some are inspired by noble aspirations and are ready to realize them, others are captivated by beautiful-hearted dreams, others are deprived of lofty dreams and are subordinated to base goals.

Essays on literature for training in this thematic area

The triumph of poetic love and sublime dreams in A. Green's extravaganza "Scarlet Sails".
Children and adults all over the world know and love A. Green's wonderful fairy tale "Scarlet Sails". Only in Russian it was published more than a hundred times. Why are people so attracted to such "fictions" and "fables"?

"Scarlet Sails" is a story about a lofty dream and poetic love of two people who believe in miracles. At the same time, the author himself calls his work an extravaganza, a fairy tale story, which means that the events described in it could never actually happen. I don't want to agree with this. Couldn't a girl with a bright poetic soul live in the world, believing more in goodness and love than in the misunderstanding and dullness surrounding her? Did not a young man who loved to dream ever live, whose heart from childhood belonged to the sea, and could not he, becoming an adult, realize his plans a long time ago? And couldn't they have met: Assol and Grey, who believes in a miracle and seeks this faith, awaiting his fate and managing to become his own fate? Maybe they were called differently. Maybe Assol was not the daughter of a sailor, but a lumberjack, and Gray was not the heir to a noble family, but a wandering storyteller, like a collector of songs and legends Egl. All this does not matter when there are people who are capable of selflessly loving, selflessly dreaming and believing in a miracle with all their hearts.

A bright and joyful feeling remains in the soul when you finish reading "Scarlet Sails". For adults, this feeling returns to childhood, and it convinces children that miracles in their later life depend on themselves. That is why this work will never have indifferent and yawning readers.

An example of an essay on the thematic direction Dream and reality:

Composition on the topic: Dream and reality

A Tale of Love (based on A. Green's enchanting story "Scarlet Sails").
The romantic story "Scarlet Sails" is one of the best works of Alexander Grin. The path to the creation of this story was a long one. The author repeatedly changed and rewrote the text until he achieved what he wanted. He sought to create an ideal world where wonderful heroes live and where love, a dream, a fairy tale can defeat rudeness and callousness. And he achieved his goal. The writer depicted "extraordinary circumstances in which something decisive had to happen." "Scarlet Sails" is a fairy tale about poetic love, about an all-conquering sublime dream.

The life of the heroine of the story, young Assol, is rather unhappy: she had no girlfriends, children avoided her, and adults transferred their dislike for her father to her. The girl was laughed at and insulted. But the kind Longren encouraged his daughter: "Eh, Assol," he said, "do they know how to love? You must know how to love, but that's something they can't." And he took the girl in his arms and kissed her tightly. Under the influence of her father, who adored her, Assol created for herself a kind of dream world in which everything was fine, all people were kind and loved each other. And one day in the forest, fascinated by playing with a toy ship and a story invented by her, the girl accidentally met a stranger who introduced himself as "the most important magician" and told her an incredible story about what awaits her in the future. “One morning, in the sea distance, a scarlet sail will sparkle under the sun. The shining bulk of the scarlet sails of a white ship will move, cutting through the waves, right towards you ... Then you will see a brave handsome prince ... “Hello, Assol! he will say. - Far, far away from here, I saw you in a dream and came to take you forever to my kingdom ... And you will leave forever to a brilliant country where the sun rises and where the stars descend from the sky to congratulate you on your arrival. "And the girl believed the mysterious And all the following years she continued to live with this faith and wait for her prince to come for her.She waited, not paying attention to the laughter, banter and mockery of people.

And at that time, somewhere far away, a boy was growing up, dreaming of becoming a captain and not yet knowing that he was destined to fulfill the dream of a lifetime of one beautiful girl. Gray also lived in his beautiful world. He dreamed of the sea, lived by this dream, which for him was the only possible happiness, combining "danger, risk, the power of nature, the light of a distant land, the wonderful unknown, glimpsing love, blossoming with a date and separation; a fascinating boiling of meetings, faces, events ; immense variety of life..."

So they lived for seven long years, each lived his own dream, not knowing that they were gradually moving towards each other. And, of course, one day the day came when they met. Gray saw the girl sleeping in the shade of the branches, and "everything shook, everything smiled in him." She immediately captivated the young man's heart, and, succumbing to his feeling, he removed the ring from his finger and carefully put it on Assol's little finger. The girl didn't feel anything. But when she woke up and found a ring on her finger, she no longer doubted that it belonged to her prince. Meanwhile, Gray accidentally found out about the girl's dream, and this prompted him to take action. With unprecedented inspiration, he took up the embodiment of his idea - and in a few days a beautiful ship with scarlet sails was ready to take on board the most important jewel.

Gray made Assol's dream come true and achieved his own happiness. He knew that his happiness was this beautiful girl who helped him understand the truth. And this truth is "to do so-called miracles with your own hands." Thanks to the power of love, sincere belief in their dream, the destinies of two people have united into one, which will now forever be preserved for them "in the scarlet reflection of the sails created by the depths of the heart that knows what love is."

An example of an essay on the thematic direction Dream and reality:

Composition on the topic: Dream and reality

Every person on this planet dreams of something. Some dreams can be realized, while others lose their relevance, disappear as unnecessary and are forgotten, but most remain dreams forever. But why do we love to dream so much?

Except for individuals who simply have a rich imagination that takes them to unknown worlds, then the bulk of the population dreams that at least in a fictional world they can find something that they cannot yet do in reality, be it a motorcycle, car, house, family, love, etc. etc.

Somewhere I heard that a person most of the time lives in the future, that is, in his dreams and plans, and if you follow this logic to the end, it turns out that if a person does not dream, then he does not live at all. But the truth is, the dream and the desire to achieve it make a person become better, pushing him to improve his spiritual, mental, and physical indicators. In short, it mercilessly transforms, of course, provided that this is a normal dream, and the dreamer has sufficient internal motivation to realize it.

Do not say anything, the dream is power. But it can also work like a trap, for example, if, under the pressure of the environment, or your own stupid thoughts, you start dreaming about something else, and not about what you actually dream about, that's how confusing everything is. You also need to quickly learn to separate dreams from unrealizable illusions, you also need to grow up, as it were.
In general, dreams, if you know a certain measure, dreams carry a solid positive and are even able to inspire those who are too prudent to believe in despair.

Copyright © All rights reserved

“Take care of the dress again, and honor from a young age” - this is the Russian proverb. Is honor so important and relevant now?

Honor is not fixed by any documents, but an important, valuable feeling. Honor is an important concept, as is justice and adherence to principles. These qualities are welcome in human standards are condemned. But too often in the history of human relationships, honor turns into pathos. It’s rare that principles fit all situations—more often than not, you have to make them flexible. Human life is too unstable to drive yourself into a framework. But when your principles are an organic part of the soul, conscience, this is another matter.

Honor was considered in their works by many writers of the nineteenth century - in those days the concept of honor was formed especially brightly, imprinted in the history of mankind by duels in defense of honor. In the story of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", the main character, Pyotr Grinev, was brought up in a high moral environment. Life put him in difficult conditions, tested him. But instead of becoming like the vile Shvabrin, Grinev retained his honor, remained true to himself, did not drown out the voice of conscience in himself.

Pushkin's greatest work, Eugene Onegin, examines the life of the 19th century, including duels. Lensky challenged his friend Onegin to a duel out of unfounded jealousy. Onegin scorned the unwanted duel. He was genuinely saddened by the death of his friend.

In the novel by Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov “A Hero of Our Time”, the main character, Pechorin, kills his friend Grushnitsky in a duel. Standing up for the honor of the lady, Grigory Pechorin challenges the offender to a duel. The cowardly Grushnitsky secretly agrees with his seconds to load only his pistol, leaving Pechorin a blank shot. The immorality and cowardice of Grushnitsky show that this man has no honor.

In Leo Tolstoy's novel "War and Peace", a duel between Pierre Bezukhov and Dolokhov takes place. Pierre Bezukhov is a quiet person, prone to philosophy, but not to aggression or violence. He didn't know how to handle weapons at all. But he wounds the fearless Dolokhov in a duel. In this discrepancy, Tolstoy shows that honesty is sometimes more important than the ability to handle weapons, that justice is always restored.

The word "honor" has always been loud, important for people. But only then honor is really important when behind this word there is something more than just pathos. Self-esteem should not turn into selfishness. A person who defends honor should not be dominated by emotions and a mind clouded with anger, but by a cold mind. There must be a measure in everything, even in self-esteem, so that this important feeling does not turn into pride and selfishness. But being honest with yourself, it seems to me, is much more important than protecting honor from encroachment. After all, if you cannot be honest with yourself, how can people be honest with you?

Direction "Honor and dishonor" of the final essay 2016-2017 in literature: examples, samples, analysis of works

Examples of writing essays on literature in the direction of "Honor and dishonor". Statistics are given for each essay. Some essays are school, and it is not recommended to use them as ready-made samples for the final essay.

These works can be used to prepare for the final essay. They are intended to form the students' idea of ​​the full or partial disclosure of the topic of the final essay. We recommend using them as an additional source of ideas when creating your own presentation of the topic disclosure.

Below are video analyzes of works in the thematic direction "Honor and dishonor".

In our cruel age it seems that the concepts of honor and dishonor have died. There is no special need to keep girls honored - striptease and viciousness are paid dearly, and money is much more attractive than some kind of ephemeral honor. I remember Knurov from A.N. Ostrovsky's "Dowry":

There are limits beyond which condemnation does not go: I can offer you such an enormous content that the most malicious critics of someone else's morality will have to be silent and gape in surprise.

Sometimes it seems that men have not dreamed for a long time to serve for the good of the Fatherland, to protect their honor and dignity, to defend the Motherland. Probably, literature remains the only evidence of the existence of these concepts.

The most cherished work of A.S. Pushkin begins with the epigraph: “Take care of honor from a young age,” which is part of a Russian proverb. The whole novel "The Captain's Daughter" gives us the best idea of ​​honor and dishonor. The protagonist Petrusha Grinev is a young man, practically a youth (at the time of his departure for the service he was “eighteen” years old according to his mother), but he is filled with such determination that he is ready to die on the gallows, but not tarnish his honor. And this is not only because his father bequeathed him to serve in this way. Life without honor for a nobleman is the same as death. But his opponent and envious Shvabrin acts quite differently. His decision to go over to the side of Pugachev is determined by fear for his life. He, unlike Grinev, does not want to die. The outcome of the life of each of the characters is natural. Grinev lives a decent, albeit poor, life as a landowner and dies surrounded by his children and grandchildren. And the fate of Alexei Shvabrin is understandable, although Pushkin does not say anything about it, but most likely death or hard labor will cut short this unworthy life of a traitor, a man who has not preserved his honor.

War is a catalyst for the most important human qualities; it shows either courage and courage, or meanness and cowardice. We can find proof of this in V. Bykov's story "Sotnikov". Two heroes are the moral poles of the story. The fisherman is energetic, strong, physically strong, but is he courageous? Having been captured, under pain of death, he betrays his partisan detachment, betrays its location, weapons, strength - in a word, everything in order to eliminate this center of resistance to the Nazis. But the frail, sickly, frail Sotnikov turns out to be courageous, endures torture, and resolutely ascends the scaffold, not for a second doubting the correctness of his act. He knows that death is not as terrible as remorse from betrayal. At the end of the story, Rybak, who escaped death, tries to hang himself in the toilet, but cannot, because he does not find a suitable tool (the belt was taken from him during his arrest). His death is a matter of time, he is not a completely fallen sinner, and living with such a burden is unbearable.

Years pass, in the historical memory of mankind there are still examples of deeds of honor and conscience. Will they become an example for my contemporaries? I think yes. The heroes who died in Syria, rescuing people in fires, in disasters, prove that there is honor, dignity, and there are bearers of these noble qualities.

Total: 441 words

In his article, D. Granin talks about the existence in the modern world of several points of view about what honor is, and whether this concept is outdated or not. But, despite this, the author believes that the sense of honor cannot become obsolete, as it is given to a person from birth.

In support of his position, Granin cites a case related to Maxim Gorky. When the tsarist government annulled the writer's election as an honorary academician, Chekhov and Korolenko renounced the titles of academicians. By such an act, the writers expressed their rejection of the government's decision. Chekhov defended the honor of Gorky, at that moment he did not think about himself. It was the title of "man with a capital letter" that allowed the writer to defend the good name of his comrade.
In my opinion, one cannot but agree with the opinion of the author. After all, people who will go to desperate deeds for the sake of preserving the honor of their loved ones cannot disappear.
This means that the concept of honor will not become obsolete. We can defend our honor and, of course, loved ones and relatives.

So A.S. Pushkin went to a duel with Dantes to defend the honor of his wife Natalia.

In Kuprin's work "Duel", the main character, like Pushkin, defends the honor of his beloved in a duel with her husband. Death awaited this hero, but it is not meaningless.

I believe that the topic of this article is very relevant, since in the modern world many people have lost the line between honor and dishonor.

But as long as a person is alive, honor is also alive.

Total: 206 words

What is honor and why has it been so valued at all times? Folk wisdom speaks about it - “Take care of honor from a young age”, poets sing it and philosophers reflect. For her, they died in duels, and, having lost her, they considered life over. In any case, the concept of honor contains the desire for a moral ideal. This ideal can be created by a person for himself, or he can accept it from society.

In the first case, in my opinion, this is a kind of internal honor, which includes such individual qualities of a person as courage, nobility, justice, honesty. These are the beliefs and principles that form the basis of a person's self-respect. This is what he brings up and appreciates in himself. The honor of a person outlines the limits of what a person can allow himself, and what attitude he can tolerate from others. Man becomes his own judge. This is what constitutes human dignity, so it is important for a person himself not to betray any of his principles.

I would correlate another understanding of honor with a more modern concept of reputation - this is how a person shows himself to other people in communication and deeds. In this case, it is important “not to drop dignity” precisely in the eyes of other people, because few people want to communicate with a rude person, do business with an unreliable person, or help a heartless miser in need. However, a person may at the same time have bad character traits and simply try to hide them from others.

In any case, the loss of honor leads to negative consequences - either a person is disappointed in himself, or becomes an outcast in society. Honor, which I defined as reputation, has always been considered the hallmark of a person - both men and women. And sometimes it hurt people. For example, when they were considered unworthy, even though they were not to blame, but gossip and intrigue. Or rigid social constraints. I have always found it surprisingly accepted in the Victorian era to condemn a young woman who was filming mourning for her husband and wanted to start a new life.

The main thing that I understood is that the word "honor" is related to the word "honesty". You need to be honest with yourself and people, be, and not seem like a worthy person, and then you will not be threatened with either condemnation or self-criticism.

Honor, duty, conscience - these concepts are now rarely seen among people.
What it is?
Honor is my association with the army, with the officers who defend our Motherland, and also with people who with honor hold the "blows of fate."
Duty is again our valiant defenders of the fatherland, who have a duty to defend us and our Motherland, and any person can also have a duty, for example, to help the elderly or younger if they are in trouble.
Conscience is something that lives inside every person.
There are people without a conscience, this is when you can get past grief, and not help, and nothing will torment you inside, but you can help, and then sleep peacefully.

Often these concepts are linked. As a rule, these qualities are given to us during education.

An example from literature: War and Peace, L Tolstoy. Unfortunately, now these concepts are outdated, the world has changed. You rarely meet a person who has all these qualities.

470 words

After reading the story of A.S. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", you understand that one of the themes of this work is the theme of honor and dishonor. The story contrasts two heroes: Grinev and Shvabrin - and their ideas of honor. These heroes are young, they are both nobles. YES, and they get into this backwater (Belogorsk fortress) not of their own free will. Grinev - at the insistence of his father, who decided that his son needed to "pull the strap and sniff the gunpowder ..." And Shvabrin ended up in the Belogorsk fortress, perhaps because of the high-profile story associated with the duel. We know that for a noble, a duel is a way to defend honor. And Shvabrin, at the beginning of the story, seems to be a man of honor. Although from the point of view of an ordinary person, Vasilisa Yegorovna, a duel is “death murder”. Such an assessment allows the reader, who sympathizes with this heroine, to doubt the nobility of Shvabrin.

You can judge a person by his actions in difficult times. For the heroes, the capture of the Belogorsk fortress by Pugachev became a test. Shvabrin saves his life. We see him "cut in a circle, in a Cossack caftan, among the rebels." And during the execution, he whispers something in Pugachev's ear. Grinev is ready to share the fate of Captain Mironov. He refuses to kiss the impostor's hand, because he is ready to "prefer a cruel execution to such humiliation ...".

They also relate to Masha in different ways. Grinev admires, respects Masha, even writes poetry in her honor. Shvabrin, on the contrary, mixes the name of his beloved girl with mud, saying "if you want Masha Mironova to come to you at dusk, then instead of gentle rhymes, give her a pair of earrings." Shvabrin slanders not only this girl, but also her relatives. For example, when he says “as if Ivan Ignatich was in an inadmissible relationship with Vasilisa Egorovna ..” It becomes clear that Shvabrin does not really love Masha. When Grinev rushed to free Marya Ivanovna, he saw her "pale, thin, with disheveled hair, in a peasant dress." her rebels.

If we compare the main characters, Grinev will undoubtedly cause more respect, because despite his youth he managed to behave with dignity, remained true to himself, did not disgrace the honest name of his father, defended his beloved.

Perhaps all this allows us to call him a man of honor. Self-esteem helps our hero at the trial at the end of the story to calmly look into the eyes of Shvabrin, who, having lost everything, continues to fuss, trying to slander his enemy. A long time ago, back in the fortress, he overstepped the boundaries defined by honor, wrote a letter - a denunciation to Grinev's father, trying to destroy the newly born love. Having acted dishonorably once, he cannot stop, he becomes a traitor. And therefore Pushkin is right when he says “cherish honor from a young age” and making them an epigraph to the whole work.

418 words

Such concepts as "honor" and "conscience" have somehow lost their relevance in the modern world of indifference and a cynical attitude to life.

If earlier it was a shame to be known as an unscrupulous person, today such a “compliment” is treated easily and even with bravado. Pangs of conscience - today it is something from the field of melodrama and is perceived as a movie plot, that is, the audience is indignant, and at the end of the film they go and, for example, steal apples in someone else's garden.

In our time, it has become ashamed to show mercy, compassion, sympathy. Now it’s “fun”, under the approving hooting of the crowd, to hit the weak, kick the dog, insult an elderly person, get nasty to a passerby, and so on. Any muck created by one bastard is perceived almost as a feat by the fragile minds of teenagers.

We stopped feeling, fenced off from the realities of life by our own indifference. We pretend not to see or hear. Today we pass by a hooligan, we swallow insults, and tomorrow we ourselves imperceptibly turn into shameless and dishonest people.

Let's remember past times. Dueling with swords and pistols for insulting an honest name. Conscience and duty that guided the thoughts of the defenders of the Fatherland. Mass heroism of the people in the Great Patriotic War for trampling the honor of the beloved Motherland by the enemy. No one shifted the unbearable burden of responsibility and duty onto the shoulders of another, so that it would be more comfortable for himself.

Honor and conscience are the most important and valuable qualities of the human soul.

A dishonest person can go through life without feeling the pangs of conscience for his deeds. There will always be sycophants and hypocrites fussing around, extolling his imaginary merits. But none of them will give him a helping hand in difficult times.

A person who is unscrupulous in order to achieve goals will not spare anyone on his ambitious path. Neither loyal friendship, nor love for the Motherland, nor compassion, nor mercy, nor human kindness are inherent in such a person.

We all want respect and attention from those around us. But only when we ourselves become more tolerant, more restrained, more tolerant and kinder, we will have the moral right to reciprocate the manifestation of these qualities.

If today you have betrayed a friend, cheated on a loved one, “got stuck” with a colleague, insulted a subordinate, or deceived someone’s trust, then don’t be surprised if tomorrow the same thing happens to you. Once abandoned and useless, you will have a great chance to reconsider your attitude to life, to people, to your actions.

A deal with conscience, covering up to a certain point dark deeds, in the future can end very badly. There will always be someone more cunning, arrogant, dishonorable and unscrupulous, who, under the guise of false flattery, will push you into the abyss of collapse in order to take the place that you also took from another.

An honest person always feels free and confident. Acting according to conscience, he does not burden his soul with vices. Greed, envy and indefatigable ambitions are not inherent in him. He just lives and enjoys every day given to him from above.

Total: 426 words

Direction. HONOR and DISHONOR. Video analysis of student essays

Honor and dishonor - we talk about concepts. What arguments can be made? How to build an essay?

Quotes and epigraphs

Honor is the cornerstone of human wisdom.
V. G. Belinsky

Honor is the desire to win honors; to keep one's honor means not to do anything that would be unworthy of honor.
F. Wolters is here.
– Criteria for evaluating the final final essay for universities .

The direction "Honor and dishonor" is based on polar concepts related to the moral choice of a person: to be true to the voice of conscience, follow moral principles or follow the path of betrayal, lies and hypocrisy. Many writers focused on depicting various manifestations of a person: from loyalty to moral rules to various forms of compromise with conscience, up to a deep moral decline.

For inspiration!

Everything in the world depends

From heavenly heights.

But our honor, but our honor

It depends on us alone.

Song from the movie "Musketeers. 20 years later"

Muses. M. Dunayevsky, lyrics by Leonid Derbenev

Possible essay topics

Possible essay topics(selection by Irina Anatolyevna Suyazova)

1. How do you understand the meaning of the proverb “Honest eyes do not look sideways”?

2. How do you understand the meaning of the proverb “Honor goes along the road, and dishonor is on the sidelines”?

3. How do you understand the meaning of the proverb “Death is better than dishonor”?

4. How do you understand the meaning of F.M. Dostoevsky’s statement “You won’t get rich by trading in honor”? 5. A work about honor and dishonor that excited you ...

6. It is easy to be called a man, it is more difficult to be a man (proverb).

7. How are the words "honor", "honesty", "purity" similar?

8. Why was honor valued at all times?

9. Is it appropriate to talk about honor and conscience in our time?

10. How do you understand what “honor” and “disgrace” are?

11. People want wealth and fame for themselves; if both cannot be obtained honestly, they should be avoided. (Confucius)

12. When the guilty pleads guilty, he saves the only thing worth saving - his honor (Victor Hugo)

13. Whoever loses honor cannot lose anything more than that. (Publius Sir)

14. Honor is like a precious stone: the slightest speck deprives it of its brilliance and robs it of all its value. (Pierre Boschin, French writer)

15. Is the Russian proverb true: “Take care of honor from a young age”?

16. Trade in honor, you will not get rich. (F.M. Dostoevsky, the great Russian writer)

17. An honest person can be persecuted, but not dishonored. (F. Voltaire)

18. Honor can only be lost once. (E.M.Kapiev, Dagestan Soviet prose writer)

19. Honor cannot be taken away, it can be lost. (A.P. Chekhov)

20. Honor, decency, conscience - qualities that need to be cherished (according to the works of Russian literature of the 19th century)

21. Your attitude to the relevance of the topic of honor (Why is the topic of honor still relevant today?)

22. What kind of person can be called a man of honor?

23. How do you understand what “honor” and “disgrace” are?

24. Betrayal and dishonor: how are these concepts related?

25. Honor and conscience are the leading concepts that characterize the human personality

26. The concept of honor close to me in spirit ...

27. Can love or conscience revive the previously lost concept of honor? (As an example-argument: Raskolnikov and Svidrigailov, the heroes of F.M. Dostoevsky's novel "Crime and Punishment") 28. Can a person who won a duel be considered a man of honor?

29. Do you agree with the statement of F. M. Dostoevsky “In everything there is a line beyond which it is dangerous to cross; for once you step over, it is impossible to turn back”?

30. What is true honor and what is imaginary?

31. What can be done to protect human honor? 32. A work about a man of honor that shocked me ...

33. What does it mean to walk the path of honor?

M.A. Sholokhov, story "The Fate of a Man";

A.S. Griboyedov, comedy "Woe from Wit";

DI. Fonvizin, comedy "Undergrowth";

A.S. Pushkin, story "The Captain's Daughter";

"The Tale of Igor's Campaign";

ON THE. Nekrasov's poem "To whom it is good to live in Rus'"

M.Yu. Lermontov's novel "A Hero of Our Time"

L.N. Tolstoy's epic novel "War and Peace"

I.S. Turgenev novel "Fathers and Sons"

F.M. Dostoevsky's novel "Crime and Punishment"

M.A. Bulgakov's The Master and Margarita

A.I. Solzhenitsyn's story "One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich"

N.M. Karamzin, story "Poor Lisa"

A.N. Ostrovsky, drama "Thunderstorm"

A.I. Solzhenitsyn, story "Matryonin Dvor"

A.I. Kuprin, stories "Garnet Bracelet", "Olesya"

M. Gorky, the story "Old Woman Izergil"

Tolstoy L.N., the story "Prisoner of the Caucasus"

Paustovsky K. G., fairy tale "Warm bread"

Stephenson R., ballad "Heather Honey"

M.Yu.Lermontov. "Song about Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich ...".

N.V. Gogol. , the story "Taras Bulba"

F. Cooper, novel "The Last of the Mohicans"

A.P. Platonov., the story "Yushka"

W. Scott. , the novel "Ivanhoe"

Pushkin A.S. , the novel "Dubrovsky"

Green A.S. , extravaganza "Scarlet Sails"

Merime P., short story "Matteo Falcone"

L.N.Andreev, the story "Judas Iscariot"

N.S. Leskov, "Dumb Artist", "The Enchanted Wanderer"

G. de Maupassant, "Necklace"

Materials for the introductory part of the essay

Honor is that high spiritual force that keeps a person from meanness, betrayal, lies and cowardice. This is the core that strengthens the individual in choosing an act, when conscience is the judge. Life often tests people, putting them before a choice - to act honorably and take a hit on themselves, or to be cowardly and go against conscience in order to gain benefits and get away from troubles, possibly death. A person always has a choice, and how he will act depends on his moral principles. The path of honor is difficult, but the retreat from it, the loss of honor, is even more painful. Being a social, rational and conscious being, a person cannot but think about how others treat him, what they think about him, what assessments are given to his actions and his whole life. At the same time, he cannot help thinking about his place among other people. This spiritual connection of a person with society is expressed in the concepts of Honor and Dignity. “Honor is my life,” Shakespeare wrote, “they have grown together into one, and to lose honor is equal to the loss of life for me.” Moral decay, the fall of moral principles leads to the collapse of both the individual and the whole nation. Therefore, the importance of the great Russian classical literature, which is the moral foundation for many generations of people, is so great.

Materials for the main part of the essay

holy host

Conscience, Nobility and Dignity - Here it is, our holy host.
Give him your hand
for him it’s not scary even into the fire.

His face is high and amazing.
Dedicate your short life to him.
Maybe you won't win
but you will die like a man.
1988

"Self-esteem..."

Bella Akhmadulina

Self-esteem is a mysterious tool:

it is created for centuries, and is lost at the moment

whether under the accordion, under the bombardment, under the beautiful chatter,

dried up, destroyed, crushed at the root.

Self-respect is the mysterious path

on which it is easy to break, but you can’t turn back,

because without delay, inspirational, pure, alive,

dissolve, your human image will turn into dust.

Self-esteem is just a portrait of love.

I love you, my comrades - pain and tenderness in my blood.

No matter what darkness and evil prophesied, nothing but this

humanity did not invent for its own salvation.

So do not waste, brother, do not turn off, spit on the absurd fuss -

you will lose your divine face, primordial beauty.

Well, why risk so much in vain? Aren't there enough other worries?

Get up, go, soldier, only straight ahead, only forward.

Yuri Levitansky

Everyone chooses for himself

Woman, religion, road.

Serve the devil or the prophet -

Everyone chooses for himself.

Everyone chooses for themselves

A word for love and for prayer.

A sword for a duel, a sword for battle -

Everyone chooses for themselves.

Everyone chooses for himself:

Shield and armor. Staff and patches.

The measure of final retribution

Everyone chooses for themselves.

Everyone chooses for himself.

I also choose as best I can.

I have no complaints against anyone

Everyone chooses for himself.

The day will come and the hour will strike,
When the mind and honor On the whole earth will come the turn To stand in the first place.
Robert Burns

This wonderful text from the collection of texts for writing the exam can be used both in the main part, and in the introduction and conclusion. Read it, write out quotes, key words.

(1) In a letter to his wife on May 18, 1836, Pushkin was surprised: where did these prudent young people come from, “who are spit in the eyes, but they wipe themselves off” instead of defending their honor? (2) Sometimes it seems that we came out of the greatcoats of these meek people. (3) The ringing of elastic steel is no longer heard in the word honor.