Preparing for the OGE: how to pass the exam in literature for the highest score. Reference materials for preparing for the exam in literature

5 best manuals (reference books, textbooks, etc.) for preparing for the OGE in literature

I . I will pass the OGE! Literature. Typical tasks. In two parts. Zinina E.A., Novikova L.V., Fedorov A.V. 2018

This book offers tasks for preparing for the OGE, set out in an accessible form. The manual can be downloaded from various online resources, including here: http://www.alleng.ru/d/rusl/rusl1199.htm . Typical tasks and recommendations for their implementation are presented in an accessible form. The book was printed on offset paper without illustrations.

Professional assessment

The typical tasks in this manual correspond to the KIMs of the OGE in literature, the teacher can use them in the classroom for frontal, group or individual work with ninth graders, and some tasks can be given to students in the 8th grade. Students can study on their own at home using this manual. The first part presents tasks related to the analysis of artistic (epic, lyrical-epic, lyrical and dramatic) works. The second part contains tasks that require a detailed answer, and tasks for preparing for an essay. Benefit of an average price category.

conclusions

This manual will be useful for literature teachers to prepare students in grades 8-9 for the OGE in literature, students for self-study. Parents may have difficulty checking how their children are preparing for the exam. When wrinkling the manual, it is possible to organize effective work on an essay in the OGE format, provided that the completion of tasks is controlled by a language teacher. The manual contains a rich selection of literary texts, an algorithm for completing assignments for writing a creative work.

II . Literature / T.A. Kvartnik, - M.: Eksmo, 2014. -176 p. - (Universal student reference book. 100 important topics)

This handbook is characterized by a large amount of materials necessary for the successful passing of the exam. It can be downloaded online from: https://multiurok.ru . The theoretical material for the course of basic and high school literature is presented in an accessible form and can be used by students starting from the 8th grade and throughout the school years.Offset paper used, offset printing.

Professional assessment

The information contained in the reference book allows you to systematize and consolidate knowledge of the literature. The manual can be used in literature lessons at the stage of summarizing the material and preparing for the OGE in literature, with independent work of students at home and in the classroom. The reference book contains material on folklore, ancient Russian literature, Russian literature XVIII - XX centuries, the theory of literature. The material presented in the manual is systematized, corresponds to KIMs in the literature. This handbook is suitable for students from grades 8 to 11, and can also be used by college students.

conclusions

The reference book will be useful to teachers of literature, students preparing for the delivery of the OGE and the Unified State Examination in literature. Parents can check the assimilation of the material by surveying terms, etc. The background information in this book is necessary for the successful passing of the OGE, but students also need to study manuals with test tasks.

III . OGE 2018. Literature. Typical test tasks. 14 options for tasks. Kuzanova O.A., Maryina O.B., - Publisher: Exam, 2018. - 64 p.

The manual is widely distributed in bookstores (the average cost is 150-200 rubles), you can download it on the website: https://multiurok.ru .

Professional assessment

The manual offers fourteen options for typical test tasks that help develop the skills of ninth-graders for the successful passing of the OGE in literature; tasks correspond to KIMs. This book can be recommended to teachers, tutors, ninth-graders for independent work. The material is clear and accessible to students.

conclusions

Allowance O.B. Maryina, O.A. Kuzanova meets the requirements of the OGE in literature in 2018, it will be useful for ninth grade students for self-control, literature teachers for working in the classroom or individually.

The book is sold in all major bookstores and is available on order (about 400 rubles), on the website https://multiurok.ru it can be downloaded.

Professional assessment

The manual contains 30 options for typical test tasks corresponding to KIMs in the literature of 2018.The material is clear and accessible to students. Typical test tasks objectively assess the degree of preparedness of ninth-graders for passing the OGE in literature.

conclusions

The manual complies with the requirements of the OGE in literature in 2018, allows you to work out the skills for successfully passing the exam in grade 9, ninth graders can study on their own according to these tasks, as well as under the supervision of a language teacher.

V . All the heroes of the works of Russian literature. School curriculum: dictionary - reference book. - M .: LLC "Agency" KRPA "Olimp": LLC "IzdatelstvoAST", 2003. - 443 p.

In bookstores you can find reissues of the dictionary - a reference book. No secure download links found on the web.

Professional assessment

Dictionary - reference book contains the names of the characters and their "life" path throughout the work, the manual compares favorably with a summary of works of art, since the articles contain elements of character analysis, which allows students to better prepare for the exam when working independently. The information is presented in an accessible form. This handbook is suitable for students from grades 8 to 11, and can also be used by college students.

conclusions

This manual can be used for self-preparation for passing the OGE in grade 9. When wrinkling the manual, you can systematize knowledge about each hero of Russian literature included in the school curriculum.

In the 2018-2019 academic year, 9th grade graduates in all regions of the Russian Federation will be examined in 5 subjects, two of which will be mandatory (Russian language and mathematics), and the choice of the remaining three will be given to the students themselves and their parents.

In 2018, literature was in last place among the optional subjects of the OGE, because only 3% of ninth-graders decided to take this subject. Today, as the moment of choosing subjects for graduates of 2019 approaches, many children and parents have a question whether it is worth taking the OGE in literature in the 9th grade, and if so, is it difficult to prepare for it. Let's try to understand the intricacies of the subject, the features of KIMs and the secrets of preparing for this exam.

the date of the

Students who will finish grade 9 in 2019 will take the OGE at the end of the school year. But, as in previous seasons, students will be given the opportunity to pass the test ahead of schedule, or try again if they fail to overcome the minimum passing threshold the first time.

The following days are reserved for the Literature exam in the 9th grade:

Format and features of the literature exam

Literature, as one of the 2019 OGE exams, will be chosen by students who wish to continue their education in philological classes, because in order to successfully overcome the test, it is necessary:

• know the biographies of writers and poets;
• thoroughly study the works included in the list of the school curriculum;
• be able to analyze and compare texts, make portraits of heroes, evaluate their actions;
• beautifully, concisely and competently express their own opinion.

The main feature of the OGE in Literature from other exams taken by ninth-graders in 2019 is the fact that there are no tests with answers on the ticket. Exam ticket 2019 will consist of 2 parts:

Ninth-graders pass final certification on the basis of their school.

Examinees are given 235 minutes (3 hours 55 minutes) to complete the work.

Part 1 (text analysis)

Before proceeding with the tasks of the 1st part, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the two proposed options and choose for analysis only one, the closest and most understandable.

Important! You cannot do both at the same time.

The length of your response should be approximately:

Do not use overly complex speech structures. Let the text be concise, but at the same time readable and filled with deep meaning.

Part 2 (composition)

Most of all, graduates who are accustomed to simply answering tests on control sections in various subjects are afraid of the essay, which is an integral part of the 2019 OGE in literature.

In fact, most graduates who finish grade 9 do the second part of the OGE in literature without any problems, and in 2019, examinees also have nothing to be afraid of. It is also worth knowing that:

• in the process of writing an essay, it is allowed to use the full text of a work of art;
• the volume of the essay should be 200 words (works less than 150 words are not evaluated);
• their judgments must be argued using fragments from the text;
• When analyzing a work, it is important not to distort the author's position.

Evaluation of works

The works of the OGE 2019 in the literature do not contain a test part, and therefore are fully evaluated by independent experts. Each work will be reviewed by two teachers for a final score. As a result, the following scenarios are possible:

• The scores agreed - everything is fine, the score is determined and it is entered into the documentation.
• In the assessments of two experts there is a difference not exceeding 2 points - the arithmetic mean is set.
• Expert estimates differ by more than 2 points - a third specialist is involved, whose opinion will be decisive.

The grade received by a ninth-grader at the OGE in Literature in 2019 will affect the score of the certificate. When translating test scores for a given subject into grades, a special correspondence table is used:

Thus, if the preparation for the OGE in literature in 2019 was weak, and the goal of the graduate was to overcome the minimum threshold for passing, then it will be enough for him to get only 7 test points. If the subject was chosen with the aim of entering a specialized class or college, you will need to score at least 15 test points, which already corresponds to a grade of "4".

Since the OGE in literature has its own specifics, it is necessary for graduates of 2019 to start preparing for the exam as early as possible, because they will need to read a fairly large amount of literature (the list of works is given below) and work out the main topics of essays.

Where to begin?

Step 1. Familiarize yourself with the requirements for the examination paper, having familiarized yourself with the codifier and specifications.

Step 2 We read the works given in the list. Naturally, it is better to read the full text in the original, but if there is no time for this, then it is worth reading the abridged version and criticism, which can be found in special collections or on the Internet.

We bring to your attention a complete list of references for the 2019 OGE in literature with questions that must be answered while reading the work.

Step 3 We make notes. You should not rely on the possibilities of human memory, they, unfortunately, are not unlimited. While reading, do not be too lazy to write out in a notebook the basic information that you will need to answer questions and write essays.

Step 4 Let's practice doing the first part. This will help the demo version of the OGE in Literature 2019, as well as the tickets that were offered at the exams to graduates of the 2018-2018 academic year.

Step 5 We practice writing an essay, observing the basic requirements for the text.

It will not be superfluous to listen to the advice of experienced teachers, get acquainted with the analysis of the demo version and recommendations for writing an essay. We offer you to watch one of these video tutorials right now:

In 2018, the first part of the OGE in literature will remain unchanged. Graduates choose one of two options and write detailed answers to tasks in the text. Volume - 5-8 sentences.

Below you have two options for a detailed answer for the three tasks of part one as an example of the answers to the first three tasks of the OGE in literature. Topics relate to "Dead Souls" by Gogol and Tyutchev's poem "There is in the autumn of the original ...".

Open the demo version of the OGE in Literature 2017 and read the assignments and the text for it.

We analyze option 1

Task 1.1.1

What properties of Chichikov's nature manifested themselves in his internal monologue?

Answer to task 1.1.1

The internal monologue is one of the means that Gogol resorts to to characterize his character. In this fragment, such features of Chichikov as prudence, attentiveness and coldness are revealed to the reader: "But our hero was already middle-aged and a prudently chilled character." Emotional impulses and recklessness in behavior are alien to him. Chichikov is a typical cynic, subordinating his impulses to reason, which makes him think first - then act. The same traits of the hero can be found in chapter 4, where the nature of the hero is revealed through a conversation with Nozdryov.

Task 1.1.2

Answer to task 1.1.2

The mention of a twenty-year-old youth is given to indicate the contrast between the behavior of a young man and the behavior that Chichikov demonstrated. At twenty years old, young men are still a little naive, impressionable and ready for rash acts, "forgetting themselves, and service, and the world, and everything that is in the world." Their behavior is guided by strong spiritual impulses, and the mind is always inferior to the heart. Such behavior completely contradicts the prudence of Chichikov's "middle years".

Task 1.1.3.

Compare the fragments of the poem by N.V. Gogol "Dead Souls" and comedy D.I. Fonvizin "Undergrowth". In what way is Skotinin similar to Chichikov, who thought about the "young stranger"?

An excerpt from task 1.1.3

Skotinin. Why can't I see my bride? Where is she? In the evening there will be already an agreement, so isn't it time for her to say that she is being married off?
Ms Prostakova. We'll make it, brother. If she is told this ahead of time, then she may still think that we are reporting to her. Although by my husband, however, I am a relative of hers; And I love that strangers listen to me.
Prostakov (Skotinin). To tell the truth, we treated Sofyushka like a real orphan. After her father, she remained a baby. Tom, with six months, as her mother, and my fiancé, had a stroke ...
Mrs. Prostakova (shows that she is baptizing her heart). The power of the cross is with us.
Prostakov. From which she went into the next world. Her uncle, Mr. Starodum, went to Siberia; and since for several years now there has been no rumor or news about him, we consider him dead. We, seeing that she was left alone, took her to our village and oversee her estate as if it were our own.
Ms Prostakova. Why are you so upset today, my father? Another brother might think that we took her to us for the sake of interest.
Prostakov. Well, mother, how can he think it? After all, Sofyushkino's real estate cannot be moved to us.
Skotinin. And although the movable has been put forward, I am not a petitioner. I don't like to bother, and I'm afraid. No matter how much the neighbors offended me, no matter how much damage they did, I didn’t hit anyone with my forehead, and any loss, than to go after him, I’ll tear off my own peasants, and the ends are in the water.
Prostakov. That's true, brother: the whole neighborhood says that you are a masterful collector of dues.
Ms Prostakova. If only you would teach us, brother father; and we can't. Since we took away everything that the peasants had, we can no longer tear anything off. Such trouble!
Skotinin. If you please, sister, I will teach you, I will teach you, just marry me to Sofyushka.
Ms Prostakova. Do you really like this girl?
Skotinin. No, I don't like a girl.
Prostakov. So in the neighborhood of her village?
Skotinin. And not villages, but the fact that it is found in villages and what my mortal hunt is.
Ms Prostakova. To what, brother?
Skotinin. I love pigs, sister, and we have such large pigs in our neighborhood that there is not a single one of them that, standing on its hind legs, would not be taller than each of us by a whole head.

(D.I. Fonvizin. "Undergrowth")

Answer to task 1.1.3

Chichikov and Skotinin have a number of common features, such as prudence, selfishness, and the absence of a romantic impulse. Chichikov is a typical "acquirer", in whom Gogol saw a new evil in Russia: quiet, diligent, but enterprising. He only cares about his own benefit, and in his eyes only a thousand two hundred dowry can make a young girl a "tasty morsel". For the landowner Skotinin, the main characteristic is already contained in his surname. He is also concerned about his own benefit, but it does not even find expression in money. After all, the main passion of this hero is pigs. He wants to marry Sofyushka, but only because his favorites are found in her village. Both Chichikov's cold prudence and Skotinin's selfish ignorance are similar in their lack of interest in everything that does not directly lead to the satisfaction of their self-interest.

We analyze option 2

Task 1.2.1

What mood is imbued with the poem "There is in the autumn of the original ..."?

Answer to task 1.2.1

Tyutchev's poem creates a mood of peace and solemnity. To do this, the poet uses expressive epithets: “in the initial autumn”, “wonderful time”, “pure and warm azure”, etc. The feeling of understatement and languor is given to the poem by the frequently occurring dots, which symbolize that the time of stormy emotions ended with the summer. Autumn is a time of unhurried reflection and relaxation.

Task 1.2.2.

What role do epithets play in the poem "There is in the original autumn ..."?

Answer to task 1.2.2.

Epithets are especially important when describing nature. After all, they allow not only to describe objects, but to convey the attitude of the author to what he writes about. Even the most ordinary words used as epithets can create vivid images. “Cheerful sickle”, “webs of thin hair”, “short time”, “on an idle furrow”, “crystal day” - all these combinations create the mood of the poem, conveying Tyutchev's feelings caused by early autumn.

Task 1.2.3

What is the difference between the pictures of autumn created in the poems of F.I. Tyutchev "There is in the autumn of the original ..." and N.A. Nekrasov "Before the rain"

An excerpt from a poem for task 1.2.3

BEFORE THE RAIN

A mournful wind drives
I flock clouds to the edge of heaven,
Broken spruce groans,
The dark forest whispers dully.

On the stream, pockmarked and motley,
A leaf flies after a leaf,
And a stream dry and sharp
The cold is coming.

Twilight falls on everything;
Flying from all sides,
Whirling in the air with a cry
A flock of jackdaws and crows.

Above the roadway
The top is lowered, the front is closed;
And went!" - standing up with a whip,
The gendarme shouts to the driver...

(N.A. Nekrasov. 1846)

Answer to task 1.2.3.

Tyutchev's poem describes early autumn, which the author himself calls "wonderful times." The work is permeated with peace and admiration for the beauty of nature. This is the moment when both the earth and people rest: “Where the vigorous sickle walked and the ear fell / Now everything is empty - space is everywhere ...”. Autumn is represented by a beautiful, solemn time, when the cold weather is still far away and you can indulge in thoughts and tender sadness. Nekrasov presents a completely different autumn: it is unfriendly and unmerciful to the traveler. “Pure and warm azure” gives way to “a mournful wind”, and “radiant evenings” to “twilight that falls on everything”. The autumn described by Nekrasov evokes a mood of anxiety and sadness. Two poems - personify two opposite pictures of autumn, familiar to everyone.

If you chose literature as an additional exam, and now you don’t know what to do with it and how to pass it, don’t be sad. The advice of the teachers of the educational center "Merlin" will help you successfully cope with this test.

Who needs literature?

Literature is handed over not only by future philologists, but also by creative people. If you are going to enter a theater or art university in two years, then high scores in literature will come in handy. Therefore, it is better to prepare in advance - there are a lot of program works and theory. It is impossible to learn and read everything at once in a short period of time. Let the OGE become your dress rehearsal, and then it will be much easier for you to pass the exam in grade 11.

Pitfalls of the OGE in Literature

Exam questions are structured in such a way as to check:

• do you know how to work with prose and poetry texts, analyze excerpts of a work, compare works of different authors;
• whether you are well oriented in the historical and literary process;
• do you know how to write detailed answers-essays with the involvement of artistic material;
• do you know literary terms;
• Are you familiar with artistic expressions?

The most offensive shortcomings that schoolchildren make when passing the OGE are incorrectly given quotes, inaccurate use of words and terms. Among the factual errors are the incorrect spelling of the names of the authors, the main and secondary characters, the distortion of the key points of the works, as well as spelling and punctuation errors. All of this can be avoided if you take pre-exam preparation seriously.

How to prepare for the OGE in literature, as soon as you take it?

1. Read and write

A list of works that can be found on the exam can be found on the FIPI website, this institute develops control and measuring materials for the OGE. They need to be well known. We advise you to keep a reading diary, it will help you quickly refresh the text in your memory before exams. As you read, write down the main characters in your notebook, their brief description, the years of creation of the work, indicating the author's name in full, the prerequisites for writing, the main problems that arise in the work, in a word, all the information that may be required.

Not enough time? Find quality summaries with comments. In large bookstores, often in departments of methodological literature, publications are sold that retell programmatic works in detail with detailed analysis. In these books you will find a lot of useful information that will help you answer the exam questions correctly.

If possible, watch Soviet adaptations of classical literature - "War and Peace" by Sergei Bondarchuk, "Cruel Romance" by Eldar Ryazanov, "Incognito from Petersburg" by Leonid Gaidai, "A Few Days in the Life of I. I. Oblomov" by Nikita Mikhalkov, etc. They removed, as they say, close to the text, and will help you better understand the work.

When working with critical materials, do not forget to also write down the main points, names, facts in the reader's diary. For each work, you should end up with something like a Wikipedia article.

2. Organize

In assignments, it is often required to draw parallels between the works of different authors. Even if you have read, it will take precious time to remember what issues are raised in a particular poem or story. We propose to pre-divide at least the lyrics by topic: love, the poet and society, war, love for the motherland, creativity, etc. This way you will kill two birds with one stone: carefully read the text, highlighting the problems and structuring knowledge.

3. Homemade

Writing is one of the most difficult tasks. Basically, the cause of errors is the inability to coherently and competently express one's thoughts. Merlin teachers advise writing an essay according to a pre-prepared plan, using cliché phrases that will help build the text compositionally and logically. Try to write similar essays every week for a year and show them to your teacher so that he can help you evaluate the text objectively.

4. Use collections

We must not forget about the collections of standard examination tasks - these are the main assistants in preparing for the OGE. Please review the grading criteria before starting class. Answers use only for self-examination. Review assignments from previous years.

5. Sign up for preparatory courses

It is quite possible to prepare for the exam on your own, but only a disciplined and responsible person can do it. If you are not sure that you can definitely devote at least one day a week to literature, it is better not to risk it and enroll in courses. So, you will regularly study, fill in the gaps and systematize your knowledge.

We wish you success!

In contact with

Literature examination paper consists of two parts.

In the first part of the work, it is supposed to analyze the text of a work of art placed in the examination paper itself, in the second part, topics of essays are proposed.

When evaluating the performance of all types of tasks, the verbal design of the answers is taken into account.

First part consists of two alternatives (we need to choose one of them). The first option offers an analysis of a fragment of an epic, dramatic or lyrical epic work, and the second option offers an analysis of a lyric poem or fable.

Each of the first two tasks requires a written response in the approximate volume 3–5 offers and is worth a maximum of 3 points.

Third task the first part involves not only thinking about the proposed text, but also comparing it with another work or fragment, the text of which is also given in the examination paper. The approximate volume is 5–8 sentences.

It is recommended that the examinee take 120 minutes to complete the tasks of part 1 of the work.

Second part examination work contains four topics of essays that require detailed written reasoning.

The first theme refers to the work from which the fragment for the first version of the first part is taken, and the second - to the work of the poet, whose lyric poem or fable is included in the second version of the first part.

Tasks 2.3 and 2.4 are formulated based on the work of other writers whose works were not included in the options for part 1 (Old Russian literature; literature of the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries). Tasks 2.3, 2.4 are not related to the problems of the works given in the first part of the examination paper. The examinee chooses one of the four topics offered to him.

In the essay on lyrics, the examinee must analyze at least two poems.

The student is asked to take 115 minutes to write the essay.