The return percentage is one of the main indicators of the slot machine. This is the amount of money invested in the slot machine, which will subsequently be returned back to the players over a certain period of time. The percentage of return is also known by such names as: long-term average return, payout percentage, expected payback and payout. For example, in the 777-slot casino, the return percentage is about 96%, that is, a player who has invested $100 in the slot can count on the fact that the slot machine will return $96 to him during a long game. The percentage of payouts in a slot machine will never be equal to 100%, since it will simply not be profitable for its owners, and if you take into account their maintenance and service costs, it will be completely unprofitable. Therefore, for a more successful game, it is advisable for casino customers to look for slot machines with the highest possible return percentage.
But the search for slot machines with a high percentage of return is complicated by the fact that there is no information about these percentages in the open. The casino may warn players in advance about the percentages they have set, but these percentages will not always correspond to reality. Even though changing the payout percentage in most countries is a punishable act, many casinos still sin with such frauds. The player, of course, can independently calculate the return percentage, but for this it is necessary to spend a considerable amount of time at the slot machine and carry out a number of mathematical calculations based on their own observations.
Nowadays, only a few slot machine companies provide information on the return percentage to their customers. One such company is Rival Gaming. In its slot machines, to find out the payout percentage, you just need to click the "Help" panel. Rival Gaming in this case uses the phrase "expected payback". But again, there is no absolute guarantee that the owners of gaming establishments will not change the factory return percentage. In order to reduce the chances of becoming deceived, choose reliable and trusted gaming establishments.
As for the average value, in online casinos the percentage of return on a slot machine is 96-98%, and in offline gaming establishments it is 90-95%. In most countries, the law provides for a limit on the minimum percentage of payments, as a rule, it is 70%. In terms of security, it is better to choose an online casino. Online slot machines are more protected from unauthorized "twisting" of the return percentage by the administration of gambling establishments.
Any player sooner or later wonders about the fairness of the game, fearing that the owners of a casino or slot machine hall can manipulate the chances of winning. When searching for information on the Internet, the player often pecks at the intriguing headlines “I will sell the secret of toy N for $ 10” or “How to cheat a slot machine?”. In the vast majority of cases, this is a "divorce" of a naive amateur player.
The honesty of slot machines is controlled by special gaming laboratories: international (GLI, BMM, etc.) and national (in Belarus these are BelGISS and Bytes). Every major manufacturer of gambling equipment, including Belatra, has these certificates. To obtain a certificate of conformity, manufacturers must provide the laboratory with all the necessary equipment and software. The laboratory, among other things, checks for two main things: the random number generator and undeclared capabilities.
1. Cornerstone: Random Number Generator
Experienced players know that initially, when developing the mathematics for the game, a certain percentage of the return of the game is laid down, or, in other words, the percentage of invested money that the player will receive back in a certain period of time. As a rule, the value of this indicator is about 90-95%. The percentage of return in European countries is set in accordance with the law and cannot be lower than 75-80%, in Belarus, according to the legislation, the percentage of return cannot be lower than 90%.
This does not mean that if the percentage is 90, then after playing 100 games for 1 ruble, you will get 90 rubles back. The given percentage will be provided on a large number of games in accordance with the theory of probability and statistics.
The main key component in this case is the so-called random number generator - RNG. As the famous mathematician Robert Caviu joked: “Generation of random numbers is too important to be left to chance.”
RNG is an algorithm that generates absolutely random numbers that are independent of each other. When the player presses the Start button to start the game, the random number generator generates a combination of numbers within the given range. We see this combination as the rotation of the reels and the loss of certain symbols. The game program compares the received combination with the winning one and, depending on the rules, awards points.
Laboratories verify the quality of RNGs with an extensive set of tests. Having studied the illustrations below, you can visually feel the difference between random and non-random distribution, the presence and absence of RNG periodicity (illustrations are taken from the Internet).
2. Hidden Threat: Undeclared Capabilities
Undocumented features are features of devices or software that are not documented. Sometimes they are put in by developers for testing purposes, to further extend functionality, or to ensure compatibility. Sometimes these undeclared features are the result of side effects not taken into account by developers, simply put, programmers' mistakes. In programmer slang, such errors are called "holes" or "bugs". Most often, these errors are discovered by accident. There are professional players who are engaged in the search for such holes, finding action algorithms for “milking” slot machines.
For example, in 2009, John Kane and his friend Andre Nestor robbed a Las Vegas casino of $400,000 using a bug in the Draw Poker software from IGT. A special keyboard shortcut gave access to previous winnings and the jackpot payout. Kane and Nestor presented themselves as tough players, asked the casino staff to turn on the “Double Up” option on the machines they needed and, raising the stakes at the right time, “shoeed” the machine.
Kane and Nestor were accused of stealing ill-gotten gains. Defending himself in court, Nestor compared what he was doing to counting cards in blackjack:
I was arrested for winning a slot machine. Show everyone the surveillance footage! All I did was just press the buttons on the machine in the casino. Is it illegal to win? I did not use any devices or counterfeit money, I just counted and analyzed - there is nothing illegal in this. It's not my fault that the machine's settings allowed players to win at will, whenever they wanted.
To exclude such situations, laboratories check the software for the presence of undeclared features. In addition, on each device you can see a warning message: "An error or technical failure will invalidate the game and the winnings in it."
We consider it very important to tell online casino players about the return percentage of slot machines - RTP, because. Many people don't understand these words. How the return coefficient is formed (in other words, the payout percentage) and how it affects the player's winnings and the advantage of the slot machine, we will now talk about this. Some players believe that a special feature is installed in the online slot, which does not allow you to win more than you could. They also believe that the game slot is programmed only for small wins, and then, with a short game.
To this we will simply answer that all this is fiction, because. such software would be considered fraudulent, leading to the liquidation of the company that produces it. Today, there are several organizations that monitor the quality of products produced by well-known brands in the gambling industry. Online casinos that have earned credibility will not use such slots. Those who do not know how much the software of any well-known company costs, we will tell you, several hundred thousand dollars, so draw your own conclusions.
Where can you find slots that do not allow players to win or with a very low return rate. They are met on one-day sites that allow players to deposit money, but they will no longer be able to withdraw it, so the player has to either lose the money or come to terms with the fact that it will be impossible to return it.
How to identify such sites or online casinos? Very often, scammers create “mirror” sites for well-known online casinos that have justified their trust. Therefore, check this site in the webmoney system, as well as the age of its domain, by contacting any online service. Read reviews and share information about such sites yourself in order to stop these violators of the law.
How does an online slot win? RTP of slot machines
We have reached the main topic. Now specifically about the percentage of payments. We open the secret. It is set when creating a slot in the control mechanism and has a specific interest rate, let's say 95%, i.e. The casino keeps 5% for itself, and the rest is divided between the players, and then, as they are lucky, everything will be decided by a random number generator. Someone will win and someone will lose, but it is worth considering that in addition to 5%, the casino will have 0.2% from each player's bet. Ordinary mathematics or mathematical expectation, which determines the payout percentage. Therefore, with a 95% RTP slot, it can be considered quite generous, because. in some online casinos you can find slots and 90%.
It should be noted that a high return rate is on slot machines that are already very popular, and those slots that are new, but better in their characteristics, have a low percentage, so the casino wins at the expense of such devices. After all, players in any case will be interested in new slot machines. To date, machine manufacturers are releasing them with exciting stories (Hulk, X-Men), as well as 3D graphics, so they will not go unnoticed.
Most users who visit online gambling establishments count not only on relaxation and interesting time spent. Their main goal is to make a profit. At the same time, in choosing entertainment, players are guided by such an indicator as the return percentage. Consider what this means and how it affects the outcome of the game
What is return percentage
If we analyze the data on the number of bets and winnings in a certain slot machine, we can see that the amount that the user deposits is slightly more than he can get back. Part of the contributions remain in the casino and make up the income of the institution. In the reviews of many online slots, you can find references to such concepts: “theoretical return”, “payout percentage” or “RTP (return to player)”. All these phrases carry the same meaning and mean - how many percent of the perfect bets the device can return in the form of a win.
The percentage of return is the ratio of the total amount of payments to the amount of bets in the gaming machine for a certain period of time.
In online slots, the percentage of return to the player of the bets made is from 82 to 98 percent. The higher the indicator, the more profitable the online slot machine for the player, and, on the contrary, the lower the percentage, the more profit the casino will receive. For example, the slot has a return of 96%, which means that over a long period of time from the total amount of bets, the player will return 96% of the deposited funds, and the casino will receive 4% in the form of income. This indicator is called the house edge or retention percentage. As a result of making, say, 1,000,000 spins worth 1 dollar, players will get 960,000, and the online institution will have 40,000 dollars.
The percentage of return to the player is set for a long period, it can be tens of millions of spins. This means that over several rounds, the user can get a random result from 0 to the maximum value. So, if a large amount was won in a particular slot machine, then in the near future the percentage of payments will have to be restored. If for some time the slot did not pay out large amounts, then the player can get a solid jackpot. This is the interest of online slots, because if you know in advance how much the machine will return, the meaning of gambling is lost.
Types of online slots depending on the return percentage
The most profitable and generous are online devices that are characterized by a high return of 95-99%. In gambling circles, such machines are called "untied" or "loose" ("loose machines"). The average and most common indicator of games in virtual casinos is 85-95%. A percentage below 80 is typical for slots with the smallest payout and is typical for the so-called “greedy” slots. Slot machines with the highest return rate are released by such world-famous companies as NetEnt, Playtech, Novomatic, Igrosoft, Microgaming and others.
There are two types of RTP:
- fixed - typical for the bulk of online devices, for example 97.6%,
- range - the manufacturer allows the online casino to set its own percentage, within certain limits, for example, 95-97% or the RTP may change depending on the size of the bets.
The percentage of return in land-based casinos is traditionally lower than in virtual establishments. Since the maintenance of an online casino requires much less cost than a real one.
Who sets the payout percentage for players
Return to player is set by the developer of the gaming device and is written in the technical documentation of the device. Without such data in the passport of the device, it is prohibited to use it in an online casino.
Each player in the choice of simulator focuses on the payout percentage in order to get the most profit. Most often, this information is kept in the strictest confidence so that the casino does not lose its advantage and receives income. However, if a high percentage is indicated in the characteristics, some establishments prefer to use it to attract customers by placing the indicator on the first pages.
Is it possible to change the RTP of online devices
Changing the payout percentage in the gaming machine after the start of operation is possible only with the help of a software update. This procedure is quite laborious and is regulated by a number of regulations. The gaming software is located on the servers of the developers and the casino specialists cannot change the settings of the devices on their own. Except in cases where the ability to set the return within certain limits is provided by the manufacturer. In some countries, flashing devices occurs exclusively with the permission and under the supervision of special regulatory commissions.
There are many independent audit organizations that make sure that the casino uses authorized and licensed software. Such companies analyze the statistics of bets and winnings of each game. In reputable online establishments, devices are subjected to a monthly check, and its results are posted on the website. Any user can read the reports, they allow you to judge the reliability of the casino and software. The discrepancy between the real percentage of return leads to penalties, up to the closure of the institution.
To exclude the possibility of using slot machines with illegally "twisted" results, preference should be given to large casinos with high ratings. There are many forums on the net where real players share their experience, discuss problems and leave feedback about virtual establishments and games.
How to determine the return percentage yourself
To determine the payout percentage in gambling, special programs are used that monitor the game process and record the results. However, this method is not applicable to online slots, since a lot of data should be taken into account: the number and type of symbols that will appear on the reels, the lines involved, the presence of winning combinations, special symbols and bonuses.
The payout percentage can be calculated independently using the automatic game. To do this, select a bet and set the maximum allowable number of spins. Having received the result and knowing the initial bankroll, the size of the deposit and the number of spins, you can determine the average payout percentage. To carry out such manipulations, it is better to use the free game mode.
The indicator obtained as a result of such experiments will be approximate, since even several thousand spins will not be enough to determine the exact percentage. In addition, before the settlements are made, the gaming machine can pay out a large amount to another player or, on the contrary, not give out winnings for a long time.
To select an online slot with a high percentage of return, it is better to use the published test results of independent auditors.
The influence of the return percentage of a slot machine on winnings
The return percentage is a very important indicator that will allow you to get a big win, but not the only one. Along with the percentage of payments, the final result of the game is also affected by the volatility of the slot or dispersion. Slots with a high level of dispersion are characterized by rare but large winnings. A low level means that the prize combinations will appear frequently with small payouts.
RTP and variance equally affect the profitability of an online slot, and these two indicators must be considered together. So simulators with high volatility and interest can bring good income, as well as low-dispersion devices with low returns. In addition, all online slots have a built-in random number generator that determines which elements appear on the reels and in what order.
How to increase returns
Any user can independently influence the outcome of the game by choosing the right strategy. Playing at low stakes will bring small winnings. Whereas high stakes can bring big payouts. To get a positive result of the game, you must also adhere to several rules:
- measure your capabilities with the amount of funds contributed,
- do not make rounds at minimum stakes, choose medium or high values,
- choose the maximum number of paylines,
- be sure to read the rules and the payout table in the free mode.
And the most important rule is to choose a proven and reliable online casino that uses licensed products from well-known developers.
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