The main character of Anton Chekhov's lyrical play The Cherry Orchard. The landowner who squandered her fortune and was left without money. A kind and trusting, but unrestrained woman in spending, who cannot get rid of the habit of overspending. Mother of two daughters. The heroine's estate is put up for auction for debts.
History of creation
The Cherry Orchard is the last of Anton Chekhov's plays, on which the writer finished a year before his death. The first sketches belong to the beginning of 1901, and in September 1903 the work was already completed.
The play was first staged at the Moscow Art Theater under the direction of Konstantin Stanislavsky in January 1904. The role of Ranevskaya in this first production was played by Chekhov's wife, actress Olga Leonardovna Knipper.
The role of Gaev, the brother of the main character, was played by Stanislavsky himself.
The play "The Cherry Orchard"
The full name of the heroine is Lyubov Andreevna Ranevskaya, nee Gaeva. The age of the heroine is not indicated in the play, but it can be assumed that Ranevskaya is about forty years old.
The heroine has two daughters - adopted, Varya, 24 years old; dear, Anya, 17 years old. The years have not spoiled the heroine, those around Ranevskaya say that she looks just as great as before, and even prettier.
The heroine has "touching" eyes, and she dresses "in Parisian style".
Lyubov Andreevna Ranevskaya
In the past, Ranevskaya was a wealthy landowner, but she squandered her fortune and was left without money. The heroine has a light and sympathetic character, others consider Ranevskaya a kind and glorious woman.
The heroine is generous to the point of foolishness and easily parted with money even in a situation where there is practically no money.
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Daughters say about the heroin that she has not changed at all, despite the circumstances, and is still ready to give away the last money when "people at home have nothing to eat."
Ranevskaya really got used to overspend money without restraint, "like crazy", and had not yet realized her new position. The heroine does not understand how bad the financial affairs of the family are, and continues to order expensive dishes in restaurants and leave generous tips for lackeys.
Illustration for the book “The Cherry Orchard”
Varya, the eldest daughter of the heroine, tries to save on everything, including food, while Ranevskaya herself spends money "somehow senselessly" and does not think about the future fate of the family. The heroine understands that she is acting unreasonably, calls herself stupid, but cannot or does not want to do anything with her own habits.
Ranevskaya treats others with love and affection. He loves his daughters and behaves kindly towards them, treats the old lackey Firs with tenderness. The heroine lived abroad for some time, but at the same time she loves Russia. Ranevskaya claims that she cried on the train when she returned home.
The estate with a cherry orchard, which belongs to Ranevskaya and her brother Leonid Gaev, was put up for auction and will be sold for debts. The auction date has already been set. The merchant Lopakhin tries to help the heroine and advises him to cut down the old garden, demolish the old buildings that are worthless, break up the vacated land into plots and give it to summer cottages in order to earn money on rent.
Lyubov Ranevskaya and Yermolai Lopakhin in the theater
According to Lopakhin's calculations, in this way it is possible to gain at least twenty-five thousand a year, pay off debts and leave the estate to Ranevskaya.
However, the heroine does not seem to understand that her estate is up for sale, that the situation requires urgent and decisive action. Ranevskaya remains indifferent to Lopakhin's arguments and refuses to cut down the garden.
The heroine believes that "dachas and summer residents - it's gone." Lopakhin considers the heroine an unbusinesslike and frivolous woman.
Ranevskaya associates the Cherry Orchard with happy times of youth, and cutting it down for the heroine means betraying herself.
As a result, neither the heroine herself nor her brother take any action to rectify the situation, and only wait for everything to somehow resolve itself.
Ultimately, the merchant Lopakhin himself buys the estate at auction and orders the old cherry orchard to be cut down, as advised by Ranevskaya. The further biography of the heroine is unknown.
Screen adaptations
Judi Dench in The Cherry Orchard
In 1981, a film adaptation of Chekhov's play called "The Cherry Orchard" was released in the UK. This is a drama film directed by Richard Eyre and starring actress Judi Dench as Ranevskaya. The role of the merchant Lopakhin was played by actor Bill Paterson.
In 1999, another dramatic film adaptation of The Cherry Orchard was released, this time a co-production between France and Greece.
The film was directed by Greek director Michalis Kakoyanis, who also wrote the script. The film features the music of Pyotr Tchaikovsky. Filming took place in Bulgaria.
The role of Ranevskaya was played by British actress Charlotte Rampling, and the brother of the heroine Leonid Gaev is played by actor Alan Bates.
Charlotte Rampling in The Cherry Orchard
The Russian adaptation of Chekhov's play was released in 2008 under the name "Garden" - and this is a comedy. Director and scriptwriter - Sergey Ovcharov. The role of Ranevskaya in the film is played by actress Anna Vartanyan.
While working on the script, Ovcharov included only a part of the material of the play, but at the same time he used sketches of some of Chekhov's unwritten works, which were preserved in the writer's notebooks. The film contains elements of farce and commedia dell'arte.
For example, the images of servants who have gotten away with it in the film are based on the classic characters of the Italian square theater - Harlequin, Colombina and Pierrot.
Quotes
“If there is anything interesting, even remarkable, in the whole province, it is only our cherry orchard.” “Oh my dear, my tender, beautiful garden! .. My life, my youth, my happiness, goodbye! ..” Is this me sitting? (Laughs.
) I want to jump, wave my arms. (He covers his face with his hands.) What if I'm sleeping! God knows, I love my homeland, I love dearly, I could not look out of the car, I kept crying. (Through tears.) However, you must drink coffee. Thank you, Firs, thank you, my old man.
I'm so glad you're still alive."
Photo
Ranevskaya's story about the past in the play "The Cherry Orchard"
Ranevskaya’s story about the past is a kind of confession about her life, where she condemns herself everywhere: “I always littered my money without restraint”, “I married a man who made only debts”, “here on the river ... my boy drowned” , "Lord, Lord, forgive me my sins" - but these are just words. From them it is not easier, the soul is not easier.
She cannot help her habit of wasting money, she cannot leave her husband, cross out all the past and enter a new stage of life - she is powerless to fight all her mistakes. Memories feed her soul, she is sadly happy when she finds out about the old Jewish concert, about her room.
Charlotte Ivanovna's monologue sounds sad and comical, Where she says that she does not know her parents, her real name.
And then, at the end of her serious monologue, she “takes a cucumber out of her pocket” and eats it! It sounds somewhat ironic when she talks about "she doesn't have anyone".
Dunyasha corrects Epikhodov when he called the guitar a mandolin, and at the same time powdered herself and looked in the mirror.
It also sounds ironic, as she cares about her appearance and talks about the difference in musical instruments, while she herself is just a maid.
In general, the relationship of secondary characters does not add up, they are divided, each speaks about his own, not listening to the other person. Guests who come from abroad are too arrogant and once again want to show their "privileges" to others. Epikhodov is ridiculed, they call him “twenty-two misfortunes”, this label has been hung on him by the inhabitants of the estate for a long time.
Yasha smokes, although this is unpleasant for many. Firs takes care of his master, and Gaev only reproaches him for this. Petya Trofimov is an “eternal student”, who was fired from the university twice, but who lived as best he could. He starved in the winter and became sick.
But this person talks about the beautiful, claims that he is “above love”, calls himself a “proud person”, he believes that a person has a hundred feelings, and only five feelings die after death.
He says that humanity is moving forward, reaching something, and he himself believes that he can reach the "highest".
Will other heroes achieve this? The play "The Cherry Orchard" occupies a special place in the work of A.
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P. Chekhov. Before her, he aroused the idea of the need to change reality, showing the hostility of living conditions to a person, highlighting those features of his characters that doomed them to the position of a victim.
In The Cherry Orchard, reality is expressed in its historical development. The theme of changing social structures is being widely developed. Noble estates with their parks and cherry orchards are becoming a thing of the past.
The nobility is being replaced by businesslike and practical people, they are the present of Russia, but not its future.
Only the younger generations have the right to change this "awkward, unhappy life." Hence the main idea of the play: the establishment of a new social force that opposes not only the nobility, but also the bourgeoisie, called upon to rebuild life on the basis of genuine humanity and justice.
This idea is revealed in a clear grouping of the main images of the play. The past of Russia is represented by the local nobility - the foolish owners of the cherry orchard Gaev and Ranevskaya; Russian bourgeoisie - merchant Lopakhin. Anya, daughter of Ranevskaya, and student Petya Trofimov are the future of the country.
Faith in the future of Russia, in the unlimited possibilities of the people who will create new gardens - this is the author's attitude to life, the ideological basis of the deep lyricism of the play.
The abandoned chapel, near which there are tombstones, and behind it “far, far away on the horizon, a large city is not clearly marked,” recalls the dying of the past and the birth of the future, the new.
The feeling of near catastrophe of the owners of the cherry orchard, their dull, depressed mood is conveyed by the double repetition of the distant sound of a broken string, “fading, sad”.
The dream of the future is opposed by the ugly life of people who are “stupid”. Moreover, Chekhov deliberately exposes the clash of dreams and reality.
The ruined landowner Lyubov Andreevna Ranevskaya is the main character of the play “The Cherry Orchard” by Chekhov. This article presents the image and characterization of Ranevskaya in the play "The Cherry Orchard", a description of her personality and character, the role of the cherry orchard in Ranevskaya's life, etc.
Full name Ranevskaya:“… Ranevskaya Lyubov Andreevna…” (Ranevskaya’s maiden name is Gaeva, like her brother’s)
Ranevskaya's appearance:
“…You are still the same gorgeous…” “…I even got prettier… Dressed in Parisian style…” “…your amazing, touching eyes…” “…She is given a hat and coat…” Ranevskaya has two daughters - her own daughter Anya and her adopted daughter Varya:“... Anya, her daughter, 17 years old. Varya, her adopted daughter, 24 years old…”
Lyubov Andreevna Ranevskaya is a ruined landowner. She squandered her fortune. Now she has no money:“…she has nothing left, nothing. I also didn’t have a penny left, we barely got there… “…I really don’t have anything…” “…I don’t have any money, my dear…”
Ranevskaya is a good, simple and easy person:
“... She is a good person. Easy, simple man…”
Mrs. Ranevskaya is a kind, nice woman:
“…She is good, kind, nice…”
Lyubov Andreevna is a sympathetic, generous person:
“...Mommy is the same as she was, has not changed at all. If she had the will, she would give everything away…”
Ranevskaya is used to overspending. She doesn't know how to save.
“...I have always overspent money without restraint, like crazy...” “...Sister has not yet lost the habit of overspending money...” “...And my mother does not understand! We sit down at the station to dine, and she demands the most expensive thing and gives the lackeys a ruble for tea ... ”
Mrs. Ranevskaya understands that she is wasting money, but she cannot stop:
“.. (looks in his purse). Yesterday there was a lot of money, and today there is very little. My poor Varya, out of economy, feeds everyone with milk soup, in the kitchen they give old people one pea, and I somehow spend it senselessly ... "
Ranevskaya calls herself a sinful woman:
“... We have sinned a lot ...” (Ranevskaya about herself) “... Oh, my sins ... I have always littered with money without restraint, like crazy ...”
Lyubov Andreevna also calls herself a stupid woman:
“... What to do with me, stupid! I will give you everything I have at home…”
Ranevskaya is a frivolous and unbusinesslike woman, according to Lopakhin:
“... Excuse me, I have never met such frivolous people like you, gentlemen, such unbusinesslike, strange people. They speak Russian to you, your estate is being sold, but you definitely don’t understand ... ”
Mrs. Ranevskaya is a stupid, gullible woman.She loves the villain who uses her:
“…After all, he is a scoundrel, only you alone do not know this! He is a petty scoundrel, a nonentity…” Lyubov Andreevna loves her daughters:“... My relatives ... (Embracing Anya and Varya). If you both knew how much I love you…”
Ranevskaya is affectionate with her daughters:
“... My beloved child. (Kisses her hands.).” (Ranevskaya and Anya) “…You are still the same, Varya. (He draws her to him and kisses her.).”
Ranevskaya is affectionate with the old footman Firs:
“…Thank you, my old man. (Kisses Firs.).” “…Thank you, Firs, thank you, my old man. I'm so glad you're still alive…”
Ranevskaya loves Russia. When she is driving home from abroad, she cries on the train:
“... God knows, I love my homeland, I love dearly, I could not look out of the car, I kept crying ...”
The Cherry Orchard belongs to Ranevskaya and her brother Gaev:“... The action takes place in the estate of L. A. Ranevskaya ...”
A manor with a cherry orchard is put up for auction for debts:
“... your cherry orchard is being sold for debts, auctions are scheduled for August 22 ... “... on August 22, both the cherry orchard and the entire estate will be sold at auction ...” “... Your estate is going to be bought by the rich Deriganov. At the auction, they say, he will come personally ... "
The merchant Lopakhin offers Ranevskaya to cut down the cherry orchard and lease the land. This is how you can pay your debts:
“… there is a way out… Here is my project. Attention please! if the cherry orchard and the land along the river are divided into summer cottages and then leased out for summer cottages, then you will have at least twenty-five thousand a year income ... ”“ ... demolish all the old buildings, this house, which is no longer good, cut down the old cherry orchard…”
But Ranevskaya believes that cutting down a cherry orchard is vulgar and cruel:
“... Dachas and summer residents - it's so vulgar, sorry ...” “... Cut down? My dear, I'm sorry, you do not understand anything. If there is anything interesting, even remarkable, in the whole province, it is only our cherry orchard…”
For Mrs. Ranevskaya, the cherry orchard is life, youth and happiness:
“... Oh my dear, my gentle, beautiful garden! .. My life, my youth, my happiness, farewell! .. Farewell! ..”
Ranevskaya and her brother Gaev do nothing to save the cherry orchard. They hope for a miracle
“... Make up your mind! There is no other way, I swear to you. No and no…"
As a result, the estate is sold at auction. Lopakhin buys it and cuts down the cherry orchard:
“... this same Yermolai bought an estate, the most beautiful of which is nothing in the world. I bought an estate where my grandfather and father were slaves…”
In his letters to relatives and friends, Chekhov more than once comments on the characters from the play The Cherry Orchard. Here is what Chekhov writes about the role of Ranevskaya in the play, her appearance and character:
It was a quotation image and characterization of Ranevskaya in the play "The Cherry Orchard" by Chekhov, a description of Ranevskaya's personality and character, the role of the cherry orchard in her life, etc.
See: All materials on the play "The Cherry Orchard"
The image of Ranevskaya in the play "The Cherry Orchard" | literary guru
The play by Anton Pavlovich Chekhov "The Cherry Orchard" is rightfully considered the pinnacle of his skill. This is the last work in his creative biography, which undoubtedly made an invaluable contribution to Russian dramaturgy.
The helpless nobility is being replaced by the prudent bourgeoisie.
Lyubov Andreevna is the main character of the play. Her image embodies the true features of the Russian nobility with their inherent tribal traditions. In this character, the most contradictory qualities surprisingly manifested themselves, according to Chekhov, Ranevskaya is a "bad good person."
The author himself never recognized the division into positive and negative characters. After all, as in life, people cannot be the owners of any particular moral color, they combine both good and bad traits, and this is the versatility of human nature.
Lyubov Andreevna combines lack of will and extravagance, thoughtlessness and inability to live, frivolity and immorality, but with all this she is a very kind, educated, refined and sensitive nature, able to see and appreciate the beauty around her.
The ambiguity of Ranevskaya's characterization is also manifested in her speech, which combines mannerisms, sincerity and even sentimentality.
Chekhov's sympathy for the heroine is heard in the drama, because along with the cherry orchard, she loses all the most valuable things that were in her life, but at the same time, the author is sure that she herself is to blame. Ranevskaya is kind, but selfish.
In pursuit of an easy and beautiful life, she sees nothing in her path. This woman absolutely does not know how to manage money and does not think about tomorrow, for example, she arranges a worthless ball, despite her plight and debts.
Or he takes care of his devoted old man Firs, but in the end he forgets him in an abandoned house.
It is on Ranevskaya that Chekhov lays the blame for the death of the garden, thereby showing that we ourselves are the smiths of our own happiness, that an idle life does not lead a person to happiness, but only corrupts his soul.
And Chekhov saw the meaning of life in useful and soul-ennobling labor, to which the heroine never joined. That's why she stays in the past.
Description of the image of Ranevskaya in the play "The Cherry Orchard"
A.P. Chekhov's play "The Cherry Orchard" is one of his best works.
The action of the play takes place on the estate of the landowner Lyubov Andreevna Ranevskaya, on an estate with a cherry orchard surrounded by poplars, with a long alley that "goes straight, straight, like an outstretched belt" and "glistens on moonlit nights."
This garden is going to be sold because of the numerous debts of L. A. Ranevskaya. She does not want to agree that the garden should be sold for summer cottages.
Ranevskaya, devastated by love, returns to her estate in the spring. In the cherry orchard doomed to bidding - "white masses of flowers", starlings sing, above the garden - blue sky.
Nature is preparing for renewal - hopes for a new, pure life awaken in the soul of Ranevskaya: “All, all white! O my garden! After a dark rainy autumn and a cold winter, you are young again, full of happiness, the angels of heaven will not leave you ...
If only I could remove a heavy stone from my chest and shoulders, if only I could forget my past!” And for the merchant Lopakhin, the cherry orchard means something more than an object of a profitable commercial deal. Having become the owner of a garden and a manor, he experiences an enthusiastic state ... He bought an estate, which is more beautiful than anything in the world!
Ranevskaya is impractical, selfish, she is petty and went in her love interest, but she is also kind, sympathetic, her sense of beauty does not fade. Lopakhin sincerely wants to help Ranevskaya, expresses genuine sympathy for her, shares her passion for the beauty of the cherry orchard. The role of Lopakhin is central - he is a gentle person.
It was not given to Ranevskaya to save the garden from destruction, and not because she was unable to turn the cherry orchard into a commercial, profitable one, as it was 40-50 years ago: “... It used to be that dried cherries were carted and sent to Moscow and Kharkov . There was money!
When they only talk about the possibility of a sale, Ranevskaya "tearing the telegram without reading it" when the buyer is already called - Ranevskaya, before breaking the telegram, reads it, and that's when the auction took place - Ranevskaya does not tear the telegrams and, accidentally dropping one of them, confesses her decision to go to Paris to the man who robbed and abandoned her, confesses her love for this man. In Paris, she is going to live on the money that Anina's grandmother sent to buy the estate. Ranevskaya turned out to be below the idea of a cherry orchard, she betrays her.
The comedy "The Cherry Orchard" is considered Chekhov's top work.
The play reflects such a socio-historical phenomenon of the country as the degradation of the "nest of the nobility", the moral impoverishment of the nobility, the development of feudal relations into capitalist ones, and after this - the emergence of a new, ruling class of the bourgeoisie. The theme of the play is the fate of the motherland, its future.
"The whole of Russia is our garden." The past, present and future of Russia, as it were, rises from the pages of the play "The Cherry Orchard". The representative of the present in Chekhov's comedy is Lopakhin, the past - Ranevskaya and Gaev, the future - Trofimov and Anya.
Starting from the first act of the play, the rottenness and worthlessness of the owners of the estate - Ranevskaya and Gaev - are exposed. Lyubov Andreevna Ranevskaya, in my opinion, is a rather empty woman. She does not see anything around her but love interests, she strives to live beautifully, carefree. She is simple, charming, kind. But her kindness is purely external.
The essence of her nature is in selfishness and frivolity: Ranevskaya distributes gold, while poor Varya, out of "savings, feeds everyone with milk soup, in the kitchen they give old people one pea"; arranges an unnecessary ball when there is nothing to pay debts. He remembers the dead son, speaks of maternal feelings, love.
And she herself leaves her daughter in the care of a careless uncle, does not worry about the future of her daughters. She resolutely tears telegrams from Paris, at first without even reading them, and then she goes to Paris. She is saddened by the sale of the estate, but rejoices at the possibility of going abroad. And when he talks about love for the motherland, he interrupts himself with the remark: “However, you must drink coffee.”
For all her weakness, lack of will, she has the ability for self-criticism, for disinterested kindness, for sincere, ardent feeling.
Gaev, Ranevskaya's brother, is also helpless and lethargic. In his own eyes, he is an aristocrat of the highest circle, "rough" smells interfere with him. He does not seem to notice Lopakhin and tries to put "this boor" in his place. In Gaev's language, vernacular is combined with lofty words: after all, he loves liberal rantings. His favorite word is "whom"; he is addicted to billiard terms.
The present Russia in Chekhov's play "The Cherry Orchard" is represented by Lopakhin. In general, his image is complex and contradictory. He is resolute and compliant, prudent and poetic, truly kind and unconsciously cruel. Such are the many facets of his nature and character.
Throughout the play, the hero constantly repeats about his origin, saying that he is a peasant: “My father, however, was a peasant, but here I am in a white vest and yellow shoes. With a pig's snout in a kalashny row ... Only now he is rich, there is a lot of money, but if you think and figure it out, then a peasant is a peasant ...
“Although, it seems to me, he still exaggerates his common people, because he already came from the family of a village kulak-shopkeeper. Lopakhin himself says: “... my late father - he then traded here in the village in a shop ...” Yes, and he himself is currently a very successful businessman.
According to him, it can be judged that things are even going very well with him and there is no need to complain about his life and his fate in relation to money.
In his image, all the features of an entrepreneur, a businessman, personifying the present state of Russia, its structure are visible. Lopakhin is a man of his time, who saw the real chain of development of the country, its structure and was drawn into the life of society. He lives for today.
Chekhov notes the kindness of the merchant, his desire to become better. Ermolai Alekseevich remembers how Ranevskaya stood up for him when his father offended him as a child. Lopakhin recalls this with a smile: “Don’t cry, he says, little man, he will heal before the wedding ... (Pause.) Little man ...
He sincerely loves her, willingly lends Lyubov Andreevna money, not expecting to ever receive it. For her sake, he tolerates Gaev, who despises and ignores him. The merchant strives to improve his education, to learn something new. At the beginning of the play, he is shown with a book in front of the readers.
Regarding this, Yermolai Alekseevich says: “I was reading a book and did not understand anything. Read and fell asleep.
Yermolai Lopakhin, the only one in the play busy with business, leaves for his merchant needs. In one of the conversations about this, you can hear: "I now, at five o'clock in the morning, go to Kharkov." He differs from others in his vitality, diligence, optimism, assertiveness, practicality. Alone, he proposes a real plan to save the estate.
Lopakhin may seem like a clear contrast to the old masters of the cherry orchard. After all, he is a direct descendant of those whose faces "look from every cherry tree in the garden."
Yes, and how can he triumph after buying a cherry orchard: “If my father and grandfather got up from their graves and looked at the whole incident, like their Yermolai, beaten, illiterate Yermolai, who ran barefoot in winter, how this same Yermolai bought the estate where grandfather and father were slaves, where they were not even allowed into the kitchen. I'm sleeping, it only seems to me, it only seems to me ... Hey, musicians, play, I want to listen to you! Everyone come and watch how Yermolai Lopakhin will hit the cherry orchard with an ax, how the trees will fall to the ground! We will set up dachas, and our grandchildren and great-grandchildren will see a new life here ... Music, play!” But this is not so, because in the place of something ruined it is impossible to build something beautiful, joyful and happy.
And here Chekhov also discovers the negative qualities of the bourgeois Lopakhin: his desire to get rich, not to miss his profit. He still buys Ranevskaya's estate himself and puts into practice his idea of organizing dachas.
Anton Pavlovich showed how acquisitiveness gradually cripples a person, becoming his second nature. “Just as in terms of metabolism, a predatory beast is needed that eats everything that comes in its way, so you are needed,” Petya Trofimov explains to the merchant about his role in society.
And yet Ermolai Alekseevich is simple and kind, from the bottom of his heart he offers help to the “eternal student”. It is not for nothing that Petya likes Lopakhin - for his thin, gentle, like an artist's fingers, for his "thin, tender soul."
But it is he who advises him "not to wave his arms", not to be carried away, imagining that everything can be bought and sold. And Ermolai Lopakhin further, the more he learns the habit of "waving his arms."
At the beginning of the play, this is not yet so pronounced, but at the end it becomes quite noticeable. His confidence that everything can be considered in terms of money increases and becomes more and more his feature.
The story of Lopakhin's relationship with Varya does not evoke sympathy. Varya loves him. And he seems to like her, Lopakhin understands that his proposal will be her salvation, otherwise she will go to the housekeeper.
Ermolai Alekseevich is going to take a decisive step and does not take it. It is not entirely clear what prevents him from proposing to Varya.
Either this is the lack of true love, or it is his excessive practicality, or maybe something else, but in this situation he does not cause sympathy for himself.
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Characteristics and image of Ranevskaya in the play The Cherry Orchard essay
The characterization and image of Ranevskaya in the play The Cherry Orchard The image of the main character of the famous work is rather complicated, but logical.
Since the actions of Lyubov Andreevna Ranevskaya do not contradict her way of thinking. This character, like the play itself, caused a lot of controversy and discussion, which are relevant to this day.
After all, it was the theme of the work and its main characters that brought him unprecedented success.
The story of the heroine's life is not unambiguous and it is difficult to judge her. She lived for a long time in one of the capitals of a European country. She went there for permanent residence, as she was forced by difficult life circumstances.
Her husband, who was not a nobleman, drank terribly and soon passed away, leaving behind only debts. The next tragic event was the death of the young son of Lyubov Andreevna.
Since she felt guilty, the decision to move abroad remained the best for her.
Already in the new country of Love, unpleasant events also await. Her beloved after the death of her husband, the man who went after her left her without a livelihood. And besides, he went to another, after which Ranevskaya tries to commit suicide.
Her daughter Anya comes to Lyubov in Europe. She sincerely loves and understands her mother. Events in the homeland concerning the sale of the estate force Lyubov Andreevna to return. However, having not been there even half a year, she leaves as soon as the estate is sold.
At the same time, taking away the money intended for Anya. This heroine, like many women, had many advantages and disadvantages. Both were visible to the naked eye. Love is a refined nature, beautiful, and at the same time kind and generous.
She is educated and has a subtle sense of beauty. For this, she is loved by the people around her. However, the negative qualities of her character are no less noticeable. As you can see, she does not know how to manage money at all.
She did not have the habit of keeping her expenses, like her relatives, especially during a crisis for the whole family.
Since her image is extremely complex and ambiguous, at first glance her feelings and experiences are quite deep. But upon reading it becomes clear that this is only an appearance.
She often tries to escape from reality, or replace her harshness with imaginary positive emotions. Rather, even Lyubov Andreevna has her own reality, in which she hides and hides her real feelings.
Also, this detachment from reality allows her to let problems that could be solved take their course.
This also concerned the sale of her beloved cherry orchard. For Lyubov, this garden was an inextricable link with her wonderful past and always gave her pleasant memories of childhood and youth. And she considered selling it as payment for her past.
A vivid confirmation of this is the image of Lyubov Andreevna Ranevskaya.
Composition The image of Ranevskaya in the play The Cherry Orchard
The famous play "The Cherry Orchard" by the outstanding Russian writer Chekhov Anton Pavlovich quickly gained well-deserved popularity and for many years was at the head of all the main stages of our country.
It was the image of one of the main characters Ranevskaya Lyubov Andreevna that turned out to be perhaps the most controversial of all the participants in this work. In many ways, this happened not because of her description by the author, but thanks to the actresses who were destined in their creative profession to play her role.
Her image, of course, is not simple, but it is quite typical, there are no obvious contradictions in it, since she has always been true to her inner convictions and arguments.
The description of this heroine in this work is given through her own description of her life and herself. It should be noted that this heroine has become the central female character in this work and acquaintance with her begins literally from the first lines of the work itself.
The heroine returned from Paris, where she lived for quite a decent period, namely five years. And her return was more a demand of the course of life than her good will. She returned to take part in deciding the fate of the estate, which was very dear to her.
On the one hand, this heroine has a pleasant appearance, is quite educated and well-mannered. Moreover, she is constantly engaged in self-development and is considered a well-read woman. And on the other hand, it is impossible not to notice her shortcomings, because they very clearly border on her vice.
In this work, she worries a lot, remembering everything that she had to endure in this house and on the estate.
Characteristics and image of Ranevskaya in the play The Cherry Orchard
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The image of Ranevskaya in the play "The Cherry Orchard"
Chekhov's play "The Cherry Orchard" combines several key ideas and thoughts - the conflict of generations, the end of the Russian nobility, attachment to home and family.
In the center of the story is a cherry orchard owned by the landowner Lyubov Andreevna Ranevskaya. The difficult financial situation forces her to go for the sale of the garden, to which Ranevskaya herself is strongly attached by soul.
For her, this place is the personification of family, comfort, calm, measured life without change.
Chekhov paid great attention to female images in his works. The character of Ranevskaya in the productions of The Cherry Orchard is one of the brightest Chekhov's images, around which critics are constantly arguing. Despite the external complexity of this heroine, there are no contradictions in her, she is true to her thoughts and principles.
Lyubov Andreevna was married to a "sworn attorney" of non-noble origin. The husband had huge debts, drank a lot, from which he died soon. Not experiencing happiness in marriage, but experiencing the loss of a spouse, Ranevskaya starts an affair with another.
However, the woman has to experience a new grief - the tragic death of her little son, after which Ranevskaya tries to escape from her grief to Paris.
The lover goes with her, but instead of support and sincere sympathy, Lyubov Andreevna receives only a waste of her fortune, after which she remains alone. Then the landowner returns home.
The characterization of this heroine is dual: on the one hand, Lyubov Andreevna is well educated, has an excellent upbringing, she is true to her convictions, kind to others and generous.
On the other hand, the depravity of Ranevskaya, her inability to think rationally, is clearly visible.
A woman loves to live for her own pleasure, without denying herself anything, which eventually leads to a sad end: the need to sell the garden.
Ranevskaya herself speaks of her inability to manage money and her habit of littering them. Despite this recklessness and even viciousness, others love this woman, are drawn to her.
In the situation with the garden, there is also a duality in the character of Lyubov Andreevna: she is very attached to this place, therefore she is very worried about the need to sell it, but she tries to disguise her feelings with ease of behavior.
Ranevskaya sings melodies and throws a ball at the estate before the auction. And in these actions - the whole essence of Ranevskaya.
The reluctance to sell the cherry orchard, the fear of change is not a reason to take any action for Lyubov Andreevna. Lopakhin offers several real ways to save the site, but Ranevskaya prefers to express her suffering only in words, without putting the merchant's ideas into practice.
The landowner is somewhat detached from the real world, she lives in her fantasies, and this detachment more than once leads to a sad ending.
Cultured, educated, sensitive Ranevskaya is a bright representative of a disappearing aristocratic society, literally in front of her eyes, being forced out by people of a new formation - active and down to earth.
Title of the work:
Characteristics of Ranevskaya from "The Cherry Orchard": the contradictory nature of the heroine:
The play "The Cherry Orchard" became the pearl of the work of A.P. Chekhov. Literary critics continue to argue about what the cherry orchard symbolized. And the created characters of the characters cause conflicting opinions, but they will not leave readers indifferent. Below is a description of Ranevskaya from The Cherry Orchard.
Heroine's story
To begin the characterization of Ranevskaya from The Cherry Orchard, you need to familiarize yourself with the history of her life. This will allow you to better understand the character of the heroine.
And in the play itself, the reader learns about the events of her life from Lyubov Andreevna herself. At the very beginning, it is said that Ranevskaya is returning from Paris with her youngest daughter Anya.
Lyubov Andreevna spent five years in this city, and she did not return from longing for Russia.
She had to return due to the fact that their family estate with a cherry orchard could be sold for debts. Ranevskaya married some barrister who was not a nobleman. The husband did only one thing - he drank a lot, and died from alcohol abuse (namely, champagne). The reader understands that marriage with such a person hardly made the heroine happy.
She has a short romance. Her son, being small, drowns, and, feeling guilty, Lyubov Andreevna goes abroad.
But the lover leaves after her, and after several years of a passionate romance, he leaves her without regret. At the same time, he robs her, leaving her without a livelihood.
After his betrayal, Lyubov Andreevna tried to poison herself, but, fortunately, the attempt was unsuccessful.
Her daughter Anna follows her. And no matter how strange it may seem, this vulnerable and impressionable girl understands and pities her mother. In Russia, Lyubov Andreevna lived only 5 months, and after the sale of the estate, she returns to Paris to her lover. Such is the sad story of Ranevskaya from The Cherry Orchard.
The inner world of the heroine
When characterizing Ranevskaya from The Cherry Orchard, one should try to reveal the contradictory nature of the heroine.
Lyubov Andreevna is attractive, kind, has a sense of humor, but at the same time she cannot be called an intelligent and reasonable woman. After all, she does not seek to change the situation in which she finds herself.
She rejects a reasonable decision that would not only save the family estate, but also improve the financial situation.
Of course, this was short-sighted on her part, but it showed her as a sentimental woman who could not agree to sell the house and cut down the cherry orchard because of the memories associated with it.
Lyubov Andreevna is a very frivolous woman, because she does not think about the future, what will happen to her daughters, for her there is love, because of which she returns to Paris.
And this can be considered not only as windiness and stupidity on her part, but also as a hope that she will also have happiness. That is why the image of Ranevskaya in the play "The Cherry Orchard" turned out to be so contradictory.
Relationships with other characters
In the characterization of Ranevskaya from The Cherry Orchard, a brief description of her relationship with other characters should be given. She developed the closest relationship with her youngest daughter, who, due to her age, is an impressionable nature and understands and pities her mother.
She has a close relationship with her brother, Gaev, because they share common memories and kinship. Lopakhin is the complete opposite of Lyubov Andreevna, he is guided by reason, and she is guided by emotions.
Despite the difference in characters, everyone sympathizes with Ranevskaya and tries to help her save the estate.
Relationship to the estate
In the characterization of Ranevskaya from The Cherry Orchard, one should also talk about how she relates to the garden itself. For Lyubov Andreevna, it is associated with her happiest time in her life - her childhood, youth.
Walking along it, Ranevskaya saw herself as a little girl enjoying life. Therefore, she could not agree to his sale, perhaps this was the only thing that connected Lyubov Andreevna with Russia.
Ranevskaya is one of the main characters of the play with a controversial character, so she is one of the brightest Chekhov heroines.
Ranevskaya
The main character of Anton Chekhov's lyrical play The Cherry Orchard. The landowner who squandered her fortune and was left without money. A kind and trusting, but unrestrained woman in spending, who cannot get rid of the habit of overspending. Mother of two daughters. The heroine's estate is put up for auction for debts.
History of creation
The Cherry Orchard is the last of Anton Chekhov's plays, on which the writer finished a year before his death. The first sketches belong to the beginning of 1901, and in September 1903 the work was already completed.
The play was first staged at the Moscow Art Theater under the direction of Konstantin Stanislavsky in January 1904. The role of Ranevskaya in this first production was played by Chekhov's wife, actress Olga Leonardovna Knipper.
The role of Gaev, the brother of the main character, was played by Stanislavsky himself.
The play "The Cherry Orchard"
The full name of the heroine is Lyubov Andreevna Ranevskaya, nee Gaeva. The age of the heroine is not indicated in the play, but it can be assumed that Ranevskaya is about forty years old.
The heroine has two daughters - adopted, Varya, 24 years old; dear, Anya, 17 years old. The years have not spoiled the heroine, those around Ranevskaya say that she looks just as great as before, and even prettier.
The heroine has "touching" eyes, and she dresses "in Parisian style".
Lyubov Andreevna Ranevskaya
In the past, Ranevskaya was a wealthy landowner, but she squandered her fortune and was left without money. The heroine has a light and sympathetic character, others consider Ranevskaya a kind and glorious woman.
The heroine is generous to the point of foolishness and easily parted with money even in a situation where there is practically no money.
Daughters say about the heroin that she has not changed at all, despite the circumstances, and is still ready to give away the last money when "people at home have nothing to eat."
Ranevskaya really got used to overspend money without restraint, "like crazy", and had not yet realized her new position. The heroine does not understand how bad the financial affairs of the family are, and continues to order expensive dishes in restaurants and leave generous tips for lackeys.
Illustration for the book “The Cherry Orchard”
Varya, the eldest daughter of the heroine, tries to save on everything, including food, while Ranevskaya herself spends money "somehow senselessly" and does not think about the future fate of the family. The heroine understands that she is acting unreasonably, calls herself stupid, but cannot or does not want to do anything with her own habits.
Ranevskaya treats others with love and affection. He loves his daughters and behaves kindly towards them, treats the old lackey Firs with tenderness. The heroine lived abroad for some time, but at the same time she loves Russia. Ranevskaya claims that she cried on the train when she returned home.
The estate with a cherry orchard, which belongs to Ranevskaya and her brother Leonid Gaev, was put up for auction and will be sold for debts. The auction date has already been set. The merchant Lopakhin tries to help the heroine and advises him to cut down the old garden, demolish the old buildings that are worthless, break up the vacated land into plots and give it to summer cottages in order to earn money on rent.
Lyubov Ranevskaya and Yermolai Lopakhin in the theater
According to Lopakhin's calculations, in this way it is possible to gain at least twenty-five thousand a year, pay off debts and leave the estate to Ranevskaya.
However, the heroine does not seem to understand that her estate is up for sale, that the situation requires urgent and decisive action. Ranevskaya remains indifferent to Lopakhin's arguments and refuses to cut down the garden.
The heroine believes that "dachas and summer residents - it's gone." Lopakhin considers the heroine an unbusinesslike and frivolous woman.
Ranevskaya associates the Cherry Orchard with happy times of youth, and cutting it down for the heroine means betraying herself.
As a result, neither the heroine herself nor her brother take any action to rectify the situation, and only wait for everything to somehow resolve itself.
Ultimately, the merchant Lopakhin himself buys the estate at auction and orders the old cherry orchard to be cut down, as advised by Ranevskaya. The further biography of the heroine is unknown.
Screen adaptations
Judi Dench in The Cherry Orchard
In 1981, a film adaptation of Chekhov's play called "The Cherry Orchard" was released in the UK. This is a drama film directed by Richard Eyre and starring actress Judi Dench as Ranevskaya. The role of the merchant Lopakhin was played by actor Bill Paterson.
In 1999, another dramatic film adaptation of The Cherry Orchard was released, this time a co-production between France and Greece.
The film was directed by Greek director Michalis Kakoyanis, who also wrote the script. The film features the music of Pyotr Tchaikovsky. Filming took place in Bulgaria.
The role of Ranevskaya was played by British actress Charlotte Rampling, and the brother of the heroine Leonid Gaev is played by actor Alan Bates.
Charlotte Rampling in The Cherry Orchard
The Russian adaptation of Chekhov's play was released in 2008 under the name "Garden" - and this is a comedy. Director and scriptwriter - Sergey Ovcharov. The role of Ranevskaya in the film is played by actress Anna Vartanyan.
While working on the script, Ovcharov included only a part of the material of the play, but at the same time he used sketches of some of Chekhov's unwritten works, which were preserved in the writer's notebooks. The film contains elements of farce and commedia dell'arte.
For example, the images of servants who have gotten away with it in the film are based on the classic characters of the Italian square theater - Harlequin, Colombina and Pierrot.
Quotes
Photo
The images of Ranevskaya and Gaev in the play A P
Images of Ranevskaya and Gaev in A.P. Chekhov's play "The Cherry Orchard"
The play "The Cherry Orchard" is called Chekhov's swan song. This is his last play, written a year before his early death.
Written in 1903. First staged on January 17, 1904 at the Moscow Art Theatre. The playwright passed away on July 15, 1904. He was 44 years old.
Anton Chekhov reads The Seagull to a group of actors and directors of the Moscow Art Theater
The play was written on the threshold of the first Russian revolution of 1905-07, it contains a moment of Chekhov's foresight of subsequent historical events that he was no longer able to see.
The central image in the work is the image of a cherry orchard, all the characters are located around it, each of them has his own perception of the garden. And this image is symbolic. Behind the image of the cherry orchard stands the image of Russia, and the main theme of the play is the fate of Russia.
Ranevskaya and Gaev personify the past of the cherry orchard and at the same time the past of Russia. In the play, the garden is cut down, but in life the nests of the nobility disintegrate, the old Russia, the Russia of the Ranevskys and Gaevs, is becoming obsolete.
Ranevskaya and Gaev are images of ruined landowners-nobles. They are the descendants of wealthy owners of a magnificent estate with a beautiful cherry orchard. In the old days, their estate brought income, on which its idle owners lived.
The habit of living by the labors of others, not caring about anything, made Ranevskaya and Gaev people unsuitable for any serious activity, weak-willed and helpless.
Ranevskaya, outwardly charming, kind, simple, is basically the personification of frivolity. She is sincerely concerned about the disorder of her adopted daughter Varya, pities her faithful servant Firs, and easily kisses the maid Dunyasha after a long separation. But her kindness is the result of abundance, not created by her own hands, a consequence of the habit of spending money without counting.
The double of Ranevskaya, but a less significant personality, is Gaev in the play. And he is sometimes able to say smart things, sometimes be sincere, self-critical. But the sister's shortcomings - frivolity, impracticality, lack of will - become caricatured by Gaev. Lyubov Andreevna only kisses the closet in a fit of tenderness, but Gaev makes a speech in front of him in "high style".
Gaev is frankly ridiculous in his attempts to live as if nothing had changed, as if he had not eaten a fortune on candies. He almost always speaks out of place, utters meaningless billiard terms, reminiscent of the times of his cheerful youth. Gaev is pitiful with his empty grandiloquent speeches, with the help of which he tries to revive the familiar atmosphere of former well-being.
Brother and sister are all in the past. But Gaev and Ranevskaya still somehow like us. They are able to feel the beauty, and the cherry orchard itself is perceived mainly aesthetically, and not utilitarianly - as a source of berries that can be used for food or sold, or as a large piece of land, which again has commercial value.
There is an elegiac mood in the play, the sadness of parting with an obsolete past, in which there was a lot of bad, but there was also good. At the same time, this is a kind of Chekhov's lyrical comedy, which, with some sly good nature, but still quite severely, with Chekhov's sobriety and clarity, chuckles at the nobility leaving the historical stage.
The criticism that responded to the production of the play at the Art Theater regarded it as the final verdict on the noble class. One of the reviewers of the play claimed that in The Cherry Orchard a “monument was erected over the grave of pretty white hands, orchids that have faded behind someone else’s coffin”, and “their sluggish humility and meekness fills the heart with horror and pity”.
People like Gaev and Ranevskaya are being replaced by a completely different type of people: strong, enterprising, dexterous. One of these people is another character in the play, Lopakhin.
The image of Ranevskaya in the play "The Cherry Orchard"
Ranevskaya in the system of images of Chekhov's heroines Ranevskaya's life story Characteristics of Ranevskaya
Ranevskaya in the system of images of Chekhov's heroines
The play "The Cherry Orchard" became the swan song of A.P. Chekhov, occupying the stage of world theaters for many years. The success of this work was due not only to its subject matter, which is controversial to this day, but also to the images that Chekhov created.
For him, the presence of women in the works was very important: “Without a woman, a story is like a machine without steam,” he wrote to one of his acquaintances. At the beginning of the 20th century, the role of women in society began to change.
The image of Ranevskaya in the play "The Cherry Orchard" became a vivid caricature of the emancipated contemporaries of Anton Pavlovich, whom he observed in large numbers in Monte Carlo.
Chekhov carefully worked out each female image: facial expressions, gestures, mannerisms, speech, because through them he conveyed an idea of the character and feelings that possess the heroines. Appearance and name also contributed to this.
The image of Ranevskaya Lyubov Andreevna has become one of the most controversial, and this is largely due to the actresses playing this role. Chekhov himself wrote that: “It is not difficult to play Ranevskaya, you just need to take the right tone from the very beginning ...”.
Her image is complex, but there are no contradictions in it, since she is true to her internal logic of behavior.
Ranevskaya's life story
Description
and the characterization of Ranevskaya in the play "The Cherry Orchard" is given through her story about herself, from the words of other characters and the author's remarks.
Acquaintance with the central female character begins literally from the first lines, and the story of Ranevskaya's life is revealed in the very first act.
Lyubov Andreevna returned from Paris, where she had lived for five years, and this return was caused by the urgent need to resolve the issue of the fate of the estate put up for auction for debts.
Lyubov Andreevna married "a barrister, a non-nobleman ...", "who made only debts", and also "drank terribly" and "died from champagne." Was she happy in this marriage? Unlikely. After the death of her husband, Ranevskaya “for misfortune” fell in love with another. But her passionate romance did not last long.
Her young son died tragically, and feeling guilty, Lyubov Andreevna leaves forever abroad. However, her lover went after her “ruthlessly, rudely”, and after several years of painful passions “he robbed ... abandoned, got together with another”, and she, in turn, tries to poison herself.
Seventeen-year-old daughter Anya comes to Paris for her mother. Oddly enough, but this young girl partly understands her mother and pities her. Throughout the play, the sincere love and affection of the daughter are visible.
Having stayed in Russia for only five months, Ranevskaya immediately after the sale of the estate, taking the money intended for Anya, returns to Paris to her lover.
Characteristics of Ranevskaya
On the one hand, Ranevskaya is a beautiful woman, educated, with a subtle sense of beauty, kind and generous, who is loved by others, but her shortcomings border on vice and therefore are so noticeable.
“She is a good person. Light, simple,” says Lopakhin.
He sincerely loves her, but his love is so unobtrusive that no one knows about it. Almost the same thing is said by her brother: “She is good, kind, nice…” but she is “vicious. You can feel it in her slightest movement.”
Absolutely all the characters speak of her inability to manage money, and she herself understands this very well: “I have always overspent money without restraint, like crazy ...”; “…she has nothing left. And my mother doesn’t understand!”, Anya says, “My sister hasn’t lost the habit of wasting money yet,” Gaev echoes her.
Ranevskaya is used to living without denying herself pleasures, and if her relatives try to cut down on their expenses, then Lyubov Andreevna simply does not succeed, she is ready to give her last money to a random passerby, although Varya has nothing to feed her household.
At first glance, Ranevskaya's feelings are very deep, but if you pay attention to the author's remarks, it becomes clear that this is only an appearance. For example, while waiting in excitement for her brother from the auction, she sings a lezginka. And this is a vivid example of her whole being.
She, as it were, distances herself from unpleasant moments, trying to fill them with actions that can bring positive emotions.
The phrase that characterizes Ranevskaya from "The Cherry Orchard": "You don't have to deceive yourself, you need to look the truth straight in the eye at least once in your life," says that Lyubov Andreevna is cut off from reality, stuck in her world.
“Oh, my garden! After a dark rainy autumn and a cold winter, you are young again, full of happiness, the angels of heaven have not left you ... ”- with these words Ranevskaya welcomes the garden after a long separation, the garden without which she“ does not understand her life ”, with which her childhood and youth.
And it seems that Lyubov Andreevna loves her estate, and cannot live without it, but she does not try to make any attempts to save it, thereby betraying it. For most of the play, Ranevskaya hopes that the issue of the estate will be resolved by itself, without her participation, although it is her decision that is the main one.
Although Lopakhin's proposal is the most realistic way to save him.
The merchant foresees the future, saying that it is quite possible that “the summer resident ... will take care of the household, and then your cherry orchard will become happy, rich, luxurious,” because at the moment the garden is in a state of disrepair, and does not bring any benefit, nor has it been nailed to its owners .
For Ranevskaya, the cherry orchard meant her inseparable connection with the past and her ancestral attachment to the Motherland. She is part of him, just as he is part of her.
She realizes that the sale of the garden is an inevitable payment for a past life, and this can be seen in her monologue about sins, in which she realizes them and takes them upon herself, asking the Lord not to send big trials, and the sale of the estate becomes their kind of atonement: “My nerves better… I sleep well.”
Ranevskaya is an echo of the cultural past, thinning literally before our eyes and disappearing from the present. Perfectly aware of the perniciousness of her passion, realizing that this love is pulling her to the bottom, she returns to Paris, knowing that "this money will not last long."
Against this background, love for daughters looks very strange. The adopted daughter, who dreams of going to a monastery, gets a job as a housekeeper to her neighbors, since she does not have at least a hundred rubles to donate, and her mother simply does not attach any importance to this.
The native daughter Anya, left at the age of twelve in the care of a careless uncle, in the old estate is very worried about the future of her mother, and is saddened by the imminent parting.
“...I will work, help you...” - says a young girl who is not yet familiar with life.
The further fate of Ranevskaya is very unclear, although Chekhov himself said that: "Only death can calm such a woman."
The characterization of the image and description of the life of the heroine of the play will be useful to students in grade 10 when preparing an essay on the topic “The image of Ranevskaya in the play “The Cherry Orchard” by Chekhov”.
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Composition on the theme “Lopakhin and Ranevskaya in the play “The Cherry Orchard” by A. Chekhov”
Anton Pavlovich Chekhov was a great Russian writer. He, living at the turn of eras, could deeply feel the changes that were taking place in society, in the country. And this is especially true for the play "The Cherry Orchard", which became the pinnacle of the writer's work.
The play raises the problem of the change of generations and eras on the pages of the history of our country. It reflects the change of the class of landowners, who personified feudal Russia, by the class of the bourgeoisie, the symbol of capitalism.
These two main layers, which played a huge role in Chekhov's Russia, reflect the main characters of the play "The Cherry Orchard": Lyubov Andreevna Ranevskaya, a practically ruined landowner, and Ermolai Alekseevich Lopakhin, a wealthy businessman.
Lyubov Andreevna is no longer a young woman, a landowner, who was once a rich lady, who inherited both the estate and the magnificent garden from her parents. But she is a child of her time, a most frivolous creature.
She does not care about anything - after all, this is not something that befits people of noble birth. Lyubov Andreevna, thanks to her frivolity, kindness of soul, generosity and naivety, is on the verge of bankruptcy. But she doesn't seem to be aware of this fact at all.
Throughout the work, we see how she suffers from the fact that the cherry orchard, which has no equal in all of Russia, is put up for auction. But at the same time, she does nothing to save him. She is used to the fact that everything is easy for her, that everyone pities her.
But she can't do anything on her own. However, like all the nobility of the late XIX-early XX century.
Lopakhin Ermolai Alekseevich is her complete opposite. His ancestors were themselves serfs on the Ranevskaya estate, and his father was a merchant in a shop. In fact, Lopakhin himself says that he is a man. A simple country man. But he has a grasp, a love of work. He can fully devote himself to the necessary work.
After all, only in this way he was able to accumulate a huge fortune. But Lopakhin is inherently kind. He and Ranevskaya offer a way out of the current situation with bankruptcy ... However, the proposal to build dachas on the site of a cherry orchard meets with complete misunderstanding on the part of the landowner: "The dacha and summer residents are so vulgar, sorry."
Ranevskaya is too naive. However, Lopakhin also has its shortcomings. He lacks a sense of tact, inspiration, aesthetic sense. He lives for money, for profit. In fact, this quality prevails more and more in Lopakhin as the play progresses.
Finally, when he bought a cherry orchard, he exclaims: “The cherry orchard is mine now! My! (laughs.) My God, gentlemen, my cherry orchard! ... ". This phrase can only cause disapproval from the reader.
Indeed, in fact, it is precisely with this that Lopakhin offends the former owners of the garden.
Thus, Lopakhin and Ranevskaya are not individuals. They are not the only ones of their kind, but in their place could be any representative of their class. Lopakhin and Ranevskaya, two diametrical opposites, are a reflection of entire layers of Russian society.
>Characteristics of heroes Cherry Orchard
Characteristics of the hero Ranevskaya
This heroine is accustomed to luxury, and does not know how to deny herself anything. Even when it comes to saving her childhood home, she can't go against her lifestyle. The newly minted merchant Lopakhin offers her to set up summer cottages on the site of the garden and rent them out in order to pay off debts on the estate. Thus, she will be able to save her father's house. But she and her brother Gaev oppose the idea. They consider renting summer cottages to be vulgar, and they don’t want to cut down the cherry orchard either. This garden is dear to her not only for childhood memories, but as a symbol of the motherland and nobility.
To the last, she does not believe that they can deprive her of the cherry orchard, she still hopes for the help of her relatives. Sometimes it seems to her that everything will work out by itself. However, fate decrees otherwise. During the auction, Lopakhin himself buys their estate with a garden. Now nothing keeps her at home, and heartbroken, she returns to Paris. The character of Ranevskaya absorbed the features of the true Russian nobility, which was primarily characterized by tribal traditions.
The Cherry Orchard is one of the most popular and famous works written by Anton Pavlovich Chekhov. It reflects many negative socio-historical phenomena of the state system of that time, such as the moral impoverishment and degradation of the nobility, the emergence of capitalism, and with it the emergence of a new class - the bourgeoisie. And no matter how sad it sounds, the main theme of the work was the fate of all of Russia, which is associated with the cherry orchard. The reader gets up from the pages of the history of the life of the people of Tsarist Rus', which invariably went to rebirth.
Feature: Lyubov Ranevskaya ("The Cherry Orchard")
In this play, Ranevskaya and her brother Gaev are representatives of the past, Lopakhin is the present, Anya and Trofim are the future.
All the events of the work take place on the estate of Lyubov Andreevna Ranevskaya, where a cherry orchard occupies a large area of land. Everything is sold because of the numerous debts of the hostess. She returned home from abroad just in time for spring, when the whole garden is in white, starlings playfully sing, the sky is blue-blue. Nature is being renewed, and with it, Ranevskaya is enveloped in hopes for a new and happy life. She admiringly admires: “All, all white! Oh my garden!
For the future owner, the merchant Lopakhin, this cherry orchard is not only an object of a bargain, but something more. He says that he has never met anything more beautiful than this estate, because his grandfather was a serf here.
Portrait characteristic of Ranevskaya from The Cherry Orchard
If we take up the description of the artistic portrait of the main character, then we are faced with an image that at first glance seems very sweet and attractive. Ranevskaya really sincerely and touchingly rejoices, has fun, and sometimes she will cry at the memories of her childhood or her son who died.
What was Ranevskaya really like? "The Cherry Orchard" (including the characterization of the heroine) literally immediately, in just a few strokes, makes clear all the frivolity of her nature. She behaves too affectedly, so you can immediately doubt the sincerity of her experiences.
She constantly jumps up and walks, very excited, says that she cannot survive this joy, while kissing the closet and saying: “Laugh at me, I'm stupid ...”.
The characterization of Ranevskaya ("The Cherry Orchard") suggests that she is self-critical and quite smart, but accustomed to living at the expense of others. She is no longer able to change anything in herself, so she became a slave to circumstances, whims and a worthless person who robbed her.
Ranevskaya herself understands that she is a spender who quickly and senselessly spends money, while her adopted daughter Varya feeds the household with milk soup, and the old people in the kitchen are given one pea.
Love
Analyzing further the topic we touched upon, namely “Ranevskaya (“The Cherry Orchard”): characterization of the heroine”, we note that Lyubov Andreevna at first does not pay any attention to telegrams from Paris from her boyfriend and even tears them up until she finds out the name of the buyer of her estate . And then she leaves everyone to the mercy of fate (and her girls, Anya and Varya too) and leaves for Paris with the last money. In this city, she was going to live on the funds that Ani's grandmother sent to buy the estate. Everyone understands that they will be enough for her for a short time.
This behavior allegedly justifies the fact that her love for a dishonest person is to blame for everything. But this is hardly a high feeling, on the contrary, there is something base, repulsive, even somewhere funny in it.
Lopakhin
Further, the characterization of Ranevskaya ("The Cherry Orchard") indicates that she is selfish and very impractical, and she herself says that she is below love. However, there is something very feminine, light and attractive in her, she is sweet, kind and sympathetic. But gradually all this, along with a sense of beauty, fades away.
Lopakhin sincerely treats Ranevskaya, he sympathizes with her and shares her enthusiasm for the extraordinary beauty of the cherry orchard, and all because he is a very sensitive and gentle person.
Irreparable loss
However, Ranevskaya was not destined to save the garden dear to her heart, since it does not have that commercial vein and she will not be able to make it profitable again, as it was almost half a century ago. This fact is emphasized by her remark “... It used to be that dried cherries were carried in carts and sent to Moscow and Kharkov. There was money!
As a result, Ranevskaya sells the cherry orchard and the beauty that cannot protect itself. And therefore, everything must disappear, and along with this, something very important and secret is irretrievably gone.
Her brother Gaev looks just as helpless, who only in his own eyes remained an eminently aristocrat. He practically does not notice Lopakhin and considers him a boor who needs to be put in his place.
Conclusion
However, whatever the characterization of Ranevskaya, Chekhov conceived The Cherry Orchard precisely as a comedy, and, perhaps, it was the theatrical and directorial production that exaggerated the colors too much. Who knows?! Or maybe life should be treated as carefree, easy and fun, as the main character did?
"The Cherry Orchard" is the last work of A.P. Chekhov, which completed his creative biography, his ideological and artistic searches. This play embodies the new stylistic principles worked out by the writer, new methods of plot construction and composition.
Having started work on the play in March 1903, Chekhov sent it to the Art Theater in October, on the stage of which the first performance of The Cherry Orchard took place on January 17, 1904. The premiere of the performance coincided with the writer's stay in Moscow, with his name day and birthday, and the theater actors arranged a solemn celebration of their beloved playwright.
Consider one of the main images of the play - the image of Ranevskaya.
The action of the play, as the author informs in the very first remark, takes place on the estate of the landowner Lyubov Andreevna Ranevskaya. This is a real “noble nest”, with a cherry orchard surrounded by poplars, with a long alley that “goes straight, straight, like an outstretched belt” and “glitters on moonlit nights”.
The Cherry Orchard is a symbolic image in the play. He brings together very different characters, each of which has his own idea of him. But the cherry garden will separate all the characters at the end of the play.
The Cherry Orchard as a beautiful home for Ranevskaya exists only in her beautiful past. It is associated with the memory of childhood, of youth.
Ranevskaya appears in her house, where she has not been for five years. And this is her last, farewell visit to the Motherland. The heroine comes from abroad, from a man who robbed her, but whom she still loves very much. At home, Ranevskaya thought to find peace. Nature itself in the play seems to remind her of the need for spiritual renewal, beauty, and the happiness of human life.
Ranevskaya, devastated by love, returns to her estate in the spring. In the cherry orchard - "white masses of flowers", starlings sing, the blue sky glistens over the garden. Nature is preparing for renewal - and hopes for a new, clean, bright life awaken in Ranevskaya's soul: “All, all white! O my garden! After a dark, miserable autumn and a cold winter, you are young again, full of happiness, the angels of heaven have not abandoned you. If only I could remove a heavy stone from my chest and shoulders, if only I could forget my past!”
But the past does not allow itself to be forgotten, since Ranevskaya herself lives with a sense of the past. She is the creation of a noble culture, which disappears before our eyes from the present, remains only in memories. A new class takes its place, new people - the emerging bourgeois, businessmen, ready to do anything for the sake of money. Both Ranevskaya and the garden are defenseless against the threat of death and ruin. When Lopakhin offers her the only real means to save the house, Ranevskaya replies: "Dachas and summer residents - it's so vulgar, I'm sorry."
It turns out that, on the one hand, Ranevskaya does not want to cut down the garden, as it is a symbol of her happy youth, her aspirations, hopes. Yes, besides, the garden in the spring is simply magnificent in its color - it's a pity to cut down such beauty because of some dachas. But, on the other hand, the author shows us Ranevskaya's indifference to the fate of the cherry orchard, and to the fate of loved ones. All her spiritual strength, energy was absorbed by love passion, which gradually enslaved the will of this woman, drowned out her natural responsiveness to the joys and misfortunes of the people around her.
Emphasizing the feeling of Ranevskaya's indifference, Chekhov shows us the attitude of the heroine towards the telegrams from Paris. This ratio is directly dependent on the degree of threat hanging over the garden. In the first act, while they are only talking about the possibility of selling, Ranevskaya "tearing the telegram without reading it." In the second act, the buyer is already known - Ranevskaya reads and tears the telegram. In the third act, the bidding took place - she confesses that she decided to go to Paris to the man who robbed and abandoned her. In Paris, Ranevskaya is going to live on the money that her grandmother sent to buy the estate.
The heroine completely forgot all the insults caused to her by her former lover. In Russia, she leaves everyone to the mercy of fate. Varya, the adopted daughter of Ranevskaya, is forced to become a housekeeper to the Ragulins. Lyubov Andreevna does not care about her fate at all, although she made an attempt to marry Varya to Lopakhin. But this attempt was unsuccessful.
Ranevskaya is impractical, selfish, careless. She forgets about Firs, the servant who has worked for them all his life. She does not like the life of her daughters - neither Ani nor Varya, forgetting about them in the heat of her passion. It is not known for what whim, Ranevskaya arranges a ball, while auctions are going on in the city, although she herself understands the inappropriateness of what is happening: “And the musicians came inopportunely, and we started the ball inopportunely ... Well, nothing ... (Sits down and cries softly) ".
But, at the same time, the heroine is kind, sympathetic, her sense of beauty does not fade. She is ready to help everyone, ready to give the last money. So, Ranevskaya gives the last gold to the drunkard. But this also shows its impracticality. She knows that at home Varya feeds everyone with milk soup, and the servants with peas. But such is the nature of this heroine.
The image of Ranevskaya is very contradictory, one cannot say whether she is good or bad. In the play, this image is not unambiguously regarded, since it is a living, complex and contradictory character.
