Hi guys! To many, history seems like an easy discipline. It seems that you can prepare for the exam on your own. But the main mistake is to underestimate the difficulty of choosing history as the exam. So where to start preparing for the exam in history in order to successfully pass the test?
We will help you prepare for the exam and the exam
Preparation for the exam: history - theory
The exam includes three blocks:
- A1-A21 - tests with 4 options, where only one answer is correct.
- B1-B13 - in the tasks you should find the correct option, correspondence, sequence of events or give a short answer in any form.
- С1-С9 - essay.
To earn the maximum score, you need to score 30 primary points.
Materials for preparing for the exam in history
Full preparation for the delivery of history involves the "reading" of the material , but from different sources. Indeed, in the tasks of the second block, it is necessary to determine the period, ruler, main events, and then argue your position. And since there are many controversial facts and views of historians on the same event in history, it is better to voice different theories and express your own opinion.
You can't limit yourself to just school materials. To develop a theoretical base, use additional literature. This will help a lot with the implementation of the third block of the exam. After all, in each event it is necessary to highlight the positive and negative sides in order to convey an objective, holistic picture.
Exam preparation plan in history
The history of Russia is easier to study according to plan. Need to know:
- dates
- historical personalities;
- cards;
- cultural concepts;
- terms.
Starting preparation from scratch, make a tablet: century, ruler, his course of government (internal and external). Take one more column for terms, the next - for the selection of contemporaries. Such a structured presentation contains brief, basic information, it is easy to perceive visually and, accordingly, to reproduce.
Reference books for preparing for the exam in history
Today, there are enough good reference books to prepare for the surrender of history. But many teachers advise choosing Baranov's reference book . It outlines the course of the history of Russia with individual facts from world history. The structure corresponds to the content of the tasks in the exam and consists of sections on ancient times and the Middle Ages, modern times and recent history. The presentation form is logical and structured with the help of tables and diagrams for easy memorization of a large amount of material, understanding of relationships. At the end of the sections, examples of tasks and answers are given, a variant of self-assessment studied in the USE format.
Benefits for preparing for the exam in history
School textbooks will greatly help in exam preparation. For example, it is worth highlighting benefits for grades 6-9. A. Danilov, which are written in an accessible and simple language, with a detailed presentation of the material. The text visually highlights the main concepts, dates and persons. Each paragraph is accompanied by an illustration and a list of terms. For a deeper study of history, university textbooks are suitable. For example, the textbooks of Sakharov, Pavlenko, Shchagin.
Books for preparing for the exam in history
Many find it difficult to theory and memorize historical facts. But even here, as it is not trite, books will help. Historical literature is much easier to perceive and remember when events are intertwined with the fate of personalities. Therefore, if you have problem periods that are difficult to come by, further study them through fiction.
Courses to prepare for the exam in history
Of course, independent preparation for the exam is more difficult and not always effective, since not every graduate can organize himself. Therefore, it is better to choose courses , especially if the preparation starts from scratch. It is worth starting in the fall, and not in the spring, as most applicants do. In six months, you will have a full-fledged historical picture, and for the remaining three months you will work out test tasks.
Useful and guiding, helps to understand complex topics, teaches you how to write an essay, argue your position, present facts in chronological order.
Video lessons to prepare for the exam in history
To alternate book learning with courses or private lessons, you can watch history video lessons on your own. This is recommended for complex topics that are difficult to give with the same type of presentation, or for consolidating the material covered and self-control.
Rest can also be beneficial. For example, watching historical films: "War and Peace", "Peter's Youth", etc.
Methods for preparing for the exam in history
Preparation for the exam in history 2018-2019 is, first of all, , theory. It’s worth starting from chronology, that is, remembering the main historical events in the correct sequence. This is the most difficult task. After all, there are a lot of dates. But experts advise such a memorization technique. For example, in the X century there were many events : The Russian-Byzantine war of 907, the rebellion of the Drevlyans, the reformation of paganism by Vladimir, the baptism of Rus', etc. First you need to remember that all this happened in the 10th century. Then place the personalities in the order of their reign: Oleg, Igor, Olga, Svyatoslav, Vladimir. Next, “attach” an event to each person. Such a step-by-step technique will make it easy to learn the chronological sequence.
Oh well, that's easy enough if you're in 10th grade right now. If at 11 - woke up a bit late, of course, but there is still a chance and quite a big one.
First you need to set yourself a goal in terms of points and steadfastly go towards it. My goal was 100, I started from the very beginning of the 11th grade. I had very little luggage, mainly formed on the basis of the course of Russian literature of the 19th century and the work of Karamzin in the retelling of my father-historian. So you should sit down and clearly assess what you can hope for. I was preparing together with a friend who was an applicant for a provincial law school, who did not try very hard, but he just had to overcome the threshold of 50 points, which he successfully did.
1. The best textbook for passing the exam is the Moscow State University textbook on the history of Orlov and Georgiev. It can be bought almost everywhere, it is very convenient. On it we learn "theory".
2. Then you need to buy benefits. I took the usual ones from FIPI, plus a separate allowance for complex tasks. Take a book with KIMs and solve them, write part C completely in a specially wound notebook. It is desirable - to find a teacher who can check them. Or by keys. Solve as many tests as possible and get your hands on it.
3. Learn the codifier. Or at least read it carefully. You must know how each task is done. What points are given and taken away. I highly recommend that you find materials for teachers who check the exam on the Fipi website - there are samples of assignments completed for medium and high scores (part C).
4. Buy manuals with pictures and maps. Most often, Slavic tribes, major battles and uprisings are asked on the cards. It is highly desirable to know what each ruler of Russia looks like (I am not talking about Rurik and Svyatoslav, but it is necessary to distinguish Khrushchev from Andropov and Chernenko).
5. Maintain spreadsheets. From the largest battles of the Second World War to the reforms of Alexander I. If convenient, take notes. I didn’t lead and just circled the right places in the textbook, because it’s easier for me.
6. If you want a good score, don't skimp on culture. A lot of people are cut off on it, especially those who are not preparing for the exam in literature. Feofan Grek, Andrei Rublev, Falcone, Ton, Feofan Prokopovich and others, others, others. Learn famous churches, buildings, paintings, artists. There is a lot(!!!) of everything here. Don't forget the culture of the 80s and 90s. Including TV shows.
7. Hang above the table excerpts from the most disliked and difficult topics. For me, all sorts of officials of the USSR were like that (this question is very popular at the Unified State Examination) and the Pugachev uprising, I don’t even know why.
8. Be prepared to study one topic 8, 9, 10 times. History is forgotten terribly quickly, because there is a lot of information. I advise you to start with the most ancient and end with Putin, it is also desirable to learn it, you never know what they will come up with.
9. Find a friend and train together. It's fun, interesting, especially if a friend knows much more than you.
There are always so many dates, names and events in history that it just makes your head spin. Try to make flashcards to remember a lot of information. Mnemonic tricks are another great way to remember data that allows you to slightly diversify the boring preparation process. In addition to stating facts, it is also necessary to learn how to compare information and draw conclusions. Take notes, notes, charts, and graphs in each lesson to capture broad topics. When preparing for the exam, try to study a little every day, and not cram at the last moment, rest and eat right.
Steps
How to remember information
- If you find it difficult to make a list, then ask the teacher to identify key dates, personalities and events that will be in the questions on the exam.
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Speak information aloud when making or reading notes. If you see, speak, hear and touch the subject, the brain will establish stronger connections and better remember the data. Read the textbook aloud and say the text as you make word cards.
- You can also record your voice while you work. Listen to the recordings and follow the text from the textbook or flashcards.
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Memorize facts using mnemonics. Remembering facts is boring, but simple and quick mnemonic methods will help to diversify the work. Among other things, they help to remember important information better.
How to connect the facts into a single picture
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Read the curriculum and look for overlapping topics. A curriculum is a document that contains a list of topics for each lesson and a list of readings. If you look at all the titles, lesson plans, and other information listed, it's easier to understand how different topics intersect in this course.
- Ask yourself: “How are all the facts and personalities organized in the program? Do the points of the plans contain clues or provide answers to important questions? How are the individual topics of the lessons related?
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Analyze the information and make a short summary or plan. Create a study guide or plan that displays the information and organization of data from the curriculum. Use the syllabus as a blueprint to get a guide that will help you prepare well for your exam.
- No need to mechanically rewrite the abstract, otherwise the tutorial will be useless. It is important to identify the main themes and key facts that need to be systematized.
- For example, to organize lectures on World War I, make a list of countries that took part in it (including rulers). List the causes of conflicts below. Finally, list important battles and dates, temporary truces, and final results.
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Create a diagram or map of relationships between facts. When preparing for a history exam, it is diagrams, maps and tables that will be the best way to visually depict the material. In addition to convenience, visual cues like timelines, family trees, and charts will help you see the big picture.
- For example, a family tree and time charts will help to study all Russian tsars and the years of their reign.
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Ask your teacher for help. The teacher is your main assistant! Always ask if you don't know how to properly answer a question.
- For example, find out the format of the exam, the main points of each lesson, and key facts.
How to choose a training strategy
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Study the material in a timely manner. Start preparing in advance, because you can’t learn everything in one night. View notes and lesson notes every time you do your homework. Before the tests, you can prepare more intensively, but you will already have a solid foundation. It is enough just to repeat the material covered.
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Find out the format of the exam. Try to find out how the exam will take place. Knowledge testing can be oral, written and in the form of tests.
- When preparing for tests, you need to remember dates, events and definitions well, so you should use flashcards.
- If the exam is conducted in the format of written answers to questions, then it is important to analyze and compare historical facts, as well as to understand the various interpretations of events.
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Try to anticipate questions. Put yourself in the teacher's shoes and try to make up potential questions. Practice giving oral or written answers, and check yourself against the information on the cards.
- It is convenient to work in groups to work out the questions, since each participant will create a series of questions and will be able to check the rest.
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Take practice exams. If you are preparing for a school exam, then prepare questions and cooperate with other classmates or ask relatives to test you. In preparation for the entrance exam, you can take mock exams at the university or learn questions from last year's exams from current students.
- Try to search for tips, answers to questions and other useful information on the Internet. Also on the network you can find tests on specific topics to test your own knowledge.
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Before the exam, it is important to sleep well and eat well. No need to study late the night before the exam. Try to go to bed at your usual time, relax and get a good night's sleep. Eat a nutritious breakfast in the morning and lunch if the exam is held in the late afternoon.
- If you feel like you still need to prepare, then review your plans and repeat all the facts. Try not to worry and stay confident.
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Make cards with key concepts, names and dates. When preparing for a history exam, there are many dates, names, events, and other facts to memorize. Review all notes and textbooks to select keywords. Make a list and make cards. Write the word on one side and the definition or explanation on the other.
Increasingly, the question becomes relevant - what is needed to prepare for the exam in history? After all, this is not such an easy subject as it might seem at first glance. It is very easy to get confused in events and dates. And the exam in this subject requires good preparation. How to prepare for the exam in history, what methods will be the most effective and efficient? Moreover, many do not even know where to start. But with great diligence, you can cope with any difficult task.
Quite often there are situations when there is 1-2 years to prepare for the exam, and the head on the historical topic is empty. It is very difficult for teenagers to decide where they want to go, and often they decide it at the last moment. It seems that preparing for the exam in history from scratch is unrealistic. But it's not. The issue is the effort put into it.
test part
First, you need to know the dates. But remembering them all is very difficult. There is an option that will help make this task easier.
It is easy to confuse which of the proposed events happened first. Associations are needed to remember dates and events effectively. For example, you teach the 11th century. First remember all the rulers of this century in order: Vladimir, Svyatopolk the Accursed, etc. Then learn the events that occurred during their reign. So it will be easier to remember that the baptism was earlier than the compilation of the Russian Truth, because Vladimir ruled earlier.
By the same principle, contemporaries of rulers should be remembered. For example, Metropolitan Macarius was a contemporary of Ivan the Terrible, and Patriarch Nikon was a contemporary of Alexei Mikhailovich. If you memorize a subject using this technique, you will easily pass not only the test, but it will help you in other tasks as well.
Secondly, you need to study cartography. Omitting this point is an unforgivable mistake. Because of it, you can lose a lot of points on the exam. Cartography is especially needed for those who prioritize self-training.
What is the best way to learn cartography? For example, you repeat the period of activity of some ruler. In parallel, see all the described actions on the cards:
- how the territory of the state changed;
- with whom he fought;
- what kind of trips he took;
- troop movements during battles.
Pay special attention to the last point when studying important historical battles, for example, the Battle of Borodino.
Thirdly, do not lose sight of cultural studies and terminology. Questions on terms often come across in assignments.
Tasks B
To cope with the tasks from the 2nd part, you need to read a lot, especially if you are starting to prepare from scratch. Moreover, it is desirable to read not school textbooks, but special manuals for applicants or, even better, monographs.
Also in the 2nd part there are tasks where you will need to write arguments in support or refutation of a position regarding a particular situation.
To prepare for this kind of assignments, group sessions and discussion of discussion questions are ideal. For students, this is not a problem. Surely they have additional classes to prepare for the exam. But what about people who are no longer in school? On the Internet you can find a site with courses to prepare for the exam in history. In most cases, you can choose between group or private lessons. Even a short visit to such courses will give an impetus to your studies. But on the Internet, you need to be careful. Before contacting a company, read reviews about it.
Tasks C
One of the most difficult tasks in the exam is the essay. What does it take to deal with it with dignity? It will be necessary to describe the historical event, its causes and consequences. To write an essay well, you only need knowledge of dates, events, rulers, that is, what was mentioned above.
When writing, do not go to extremes. For example, refrain from phrases like this: "Stalin was a despotic tyrant."
Note! Some insecure students refuse to write an essay. Never do that! Even if you are not very well prepared, you have a chance to get at least 1 point, which can be decisive.
Useful video: preparing for the exam in history from scratch
Self-preparation
Not everyone is lucky with history teachers. Usually, people who, for some reason, are not tired of preparing for the Unified State Exam in history under the program of a school teacher, place great emphasis on self-study. Fortunately, in today's world this is not a problem. There are many sites for preparing for the exam, you can download or buy the necessary materials, you can watch educational films at any time.
To get started, be sure to purchase a book for preparation with trial options. Solving them is necessary not only to improve the quality of knowledge, but also in order to fill your hand and not get confused during the exam.
Then it is important to choose textbooks of various levels of complexity. Below are examples of options.
- School textbooks. If you are preparing from scratch, learn the school curriculum first.
- Reference books: Orlova, Barabanova, Kavtsy.
- University textbooks: Sakharova, Pavlenko.
- Schemes and tables: Kirillov, Orlova.
- Atlases "Bustbust" for the school curriculum.
Of course, these are not the only materials in existence. But they have helped more than one generation pass the exam, and they have the most positive feedback.
There are also training materials available online. These can be online tests, theory, videos, help in preparing for an essay.
Some sites for preparing for the exam in history:
- egevmeste.ru,
- hist-ege.ru,
- examer.ru.
In addition to websites on the Internet, there are various applications for the phone. Thus, online training allows you to train anywhere and at any time.
Almost always, with intensive study, a little relaxation is needed. You can find many historical films on YouTube. The brain will be able to rest a little, but at the same time many facts will remain in memory. It is better to choose documentaries, because they have much more authenticity. And don't think they're boring. If you love history, you will find them very interesting. As an example - a documentary on YouTube "History of the Russian State".
Important! Historical films for preparation should only be an addition to the theory that you have already learned. Especially lazy people who decide to prepare for the exam only on films will not succeed: too many facts require memorization.
Site egevmeste.ru
A few tips on how to prepare for the exam in history more effectively.
Outline the material according to the following table:
For excellent memorization of dates, write them on pieces of paper and hang them around the house.
When you solve tests, look at the meaning of all terms that you do not know, description of events, dates. In other words, gradually fill in the gaps.
Buy an atlas with contour maps and complete tasks on them. After a good study, the material is remembered better.
Effective preparation for any subject: scientists have proven that the best way to learn a subject is when you teach it. Ask a friend or family member to help you and be a listener. Explain the material to him, especially your weak topics. Over time, you will realize that you understand the subject much better.
How not to miss anything
Almost all students, starting to prepare, devote most of their time to the ancient period. This is due to the fact that at first people take up some business with enthusiasm. But then it gradually subsides. Or, as in the case of preparing for the exam, there is no longer enough time. Then handing over the story will be problematic.
In fact, you need to devote more time to the Middle Ages and the Soviet era, because you will have to learn much more information from them.
Before starting classes, look through the test versions of the exam and note what topics are found there. Then start to disassemble them in detail. But do not learn everything by mere rote learning. Everything requires associations and understanding of meaning. With associative memorization, it is easier to remember something or build a logical chain.
Before you make a plan for preparing for the exam in history, you need to do a few things:
The last point may seem strange. Everyone has one goal - to pass the exam. But after all, 40 points will be enough for someone, and 99 points are needed for someone.
It is best to plan with a clear chronological order. But don't forget the tips above.
What exactly do you need to know in history to pass the exam? There is no answer to this question. Anything can get caught: questions on the chronology of historical events, historical terminology, the history of culture. You will be tested on your ability to analyze historical events, work with information presented in different forms, and argue your point of view.
Useful video: how to start preparing for the exam in history
Conclusion
All that is required is to study regularly and persistently, and you already know how to prepare for the exam in history. Maybe these words will seem funny to someone, but do not worry too much on the exam. Panic can bring down even a child prodigy.
Most of all high school graduates are humanities students. Therefore, they pass history, literature and social studies as part of a single exam. But preparing for the delivery of such items is difficult. A large amount of material does not allow you to take and remember everything. Therefore, it is possible to prepare for the exam in history on your own only with the help of certain tricks.
How not to prepare for the exam in history?
There are a number of mistakes that graduates make when preparing for exams. The most common of them:
- Reading all history material. Too much information. You won't remember;
- Fast learning. Start preparing 6-12 months in advance. before the exam, not a few weeks before;
- Remembering only all dates. It is not right. You cannot just take and memorize all the numbers;
- Refusal to take tests. Be sure to take the tests. This will get you used to the format of the exam.
You also need to be able to plan. Plan your own way of preparing for the exam in society or history and stick to the plan.
Self-preparation for the exam in history
If you do not want to rush, then prepare from about 10th grade. So you can repeat the whole history, from ancient times. In doing so, you will need:
- Textbook;
- USE tests;
- Maps (geographic);
- Notebook and pen.
So you will learn how to work with materials on history on your own. And your short answers will be good tips for you in the future.
Quick preparation for the exam
If you do not want to prepare for the exam on your own for a long time, then you can start working only in the 11th grade.
There is no time for you to carefully disassemble everything. Just divide the history course by period:
- Ancient Rus';
- Time of Troubles;
- The reign of Peter the Great;
- War of 1812, etc.
You should be interested in reforms, wars, bright personalities of those times. All this can be on the exam. B should write down brief information about important points in their notebook.
And don't forget the tests. Solve them every day. Then you definitely won't need a history tutor.
Difficulties of the history exam
The main difficulty here is the large amount of information. Therefore, you should resort to a historical sense. You live in Russia, which means you know its history even if you don't want to.
For example, when was Yeltsin's rule? In the 90s. And when did Catherine II rule? Somewhere after Peter the Great.
From such scraps of information you can put together a clear picture. And you don't have to memorize everything.
Take yourself a couple of different history tests. If you all learn how to solve them, then the exam will be yours. After all, the exam will be exactly what is in the test, only in a slightly modified form.
Remember that you can prepare for the exam in history on your own. Do not spend money on tutors ahead of time. The main thing is to set a goal and go for it. If you yourself do not want, then even the best teachers will not help you.
