Admissions committees are starting to work in Samara, and often an important factor for choosing a university entrant is the presence of a department of military training in it. Military departments in Samara universities: what they give, and who has the right to enter there.
In Samara, military departments operate only at two higher education institutions- Samara State Technical University and Samara State Aerospace University. After graduating from the military department, the graduate is awarded the rank of reserve officer.
Since 2008, in Russia, by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation, the institution of conscription of reserve officers has been abolished. Thus, in peacetime, graduates of the Samara military departments in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation cannot be called. Unless, of course, the graduate himself expresses a desire to serve in the army - in this case, he can independently come to the military registration and enlistment office and go to serve as an officer in law enforcement agencies under a contract.
Only full-time students with Russian citizenship, whose age does not exceed 30 years, have the right to study at the military department. Training begins with the second (sometimes - third) year, it results in a 30-day training camp in military units and a state final exam. Students who successfully cope with the load are released from the university with a military rank.
Enrollment in the military departments of Samara universities occurs as a result of competitive selection- the number of places in the departments is limited, and admission to a university does not guarantee automatic exemption from military service.
When passing the competition, the degree of a student's fitness for service for health reasons, the level of physical fitness, the category of professional suitability based on the results of professional psychological selection, current performance in a higher educational institution, the compliance of the direction of training (specialty) of higher professional education with a military registration specialty according to the military training program are taken into account. Orphans, family members of military personnel, citizens who have already completed military service by conscription enjoy the priority right to enroll.
The direction of military training that the student will receive at the department depends on the civilian specialty received within the walls of the university. Little of, not every specialty implies the possibility of enrollment a student to the military department: both SamSTU and SSAU have certain lists of specialties - only those students who study in these areas can enter the "military commissar". At this point, you should pay attention before you carry the documents to the selection committee.
Students are enrolled in the military department on a voluntary basis: those who have not concluded a training agreement with the department, after receiving a diploma, will go to serve on a general basis - in the rank of private for a period of 1 year. The same fate awaits those negligent students who for some reason (poor progress, poor discipline) were expelled from the department.
The activities of the Samara Military Medical Institute have been conducted since 1939, after the decision of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR on the organization in the Union of the second military medical university at the academy level. The base for the educational institution was the Kuibyshev State Medical Institute with a total number of students of about 1.5 thousand people. Well-known professors and scientists in the field of medicine and health care worked at the academy.
History of creation
Classes at the Samara Military Medical Institute began in September 1939. At the beginning of 1940, hundreds of students, along with teachers, were sent to the Soviet-Finnish front. Several people from this group were awarded medals and orders of various degrees. Subsequent graduations of military doctors took place in the fall of 1941 and in the spring of 1942.
In 1942, the Kuibyshev Academy was re-profiled into a civil medical institution of higher education. During its existence, the university has graduated more than one thousand military doctors. Over 70 percent of the Academy's graduates were awarded orders of various degrees in wartime.
Postwar years
Many academy graduates gave their lives defending their Motherland. Their data is entered on the commemorative plaque of the university.
In 1951, the direction of the Kuibyshev Academy was created. Until 1958, it trained more than 1.5 thousand doctors (7 editions). More than 20 graduates received a gold medal, among them - future generals and prominent leaders of the military medical field.
In 1964, the number of students was 400 people. G. D. Nevmerzhitsky became the leader. In 1976, the number of students increased to 1040 persons. From 1983 to 1994, the following transformations were carried out at the Samara Military Medical Institute:
- Emergence of postgraduate, residency, officer courses (1983)
- Training of specialists in the field of dentistry (1985)
- Beginning of admission of women as listeners (since 1990)
- Introduction of a three-year training period for trainees undergoing an internship as a training for medical specialists.
Further development
On the basis of the Faculty of the Medical University, the Samara Military Medical Institute was established in 1999 (Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 29.08.1998). Until 2006, the universities in question in various forms of its existence were graduating 41 military doctors, in the amount of over 13 thousand people. Almost 100 graduates received a gold medal. Many people who graduated from this institution have become prominent figures in the field of military medical service. Among the graduates: Major General Linok, Professor Vyazitsky, Major Generals Kamenskov, Korotkikh, Shaposhnikov, Nikonov, Makhlai.
In the team of the current teaching staff, 25 people visited Afghanistan, providing medical assistance at the combat bridgehead. Four officers are the liquidators of the Chernobyl accident, several dozen people served in various "hot" spots in the North Caucasus region. Major General Makhlai was awarded the Gold Star of the Hero of the Russian Federation for his contribution to the development of vaccines against viral infections.
Structure and academic disciplines
The modern Samara Military Medical Institute, the photo of which is presented below, has the following general structure:
- Management sphere (command, study department, editorial and publishing office, research department, economic and educational department).
- Faculties of undergraduate training and additional postgraduate education.
- twelve departments.
- Institute clinic for 650 beds.
- Support division.
The university in question provides the following educational programs:
- Medical and dental business.
- Medical and preventive direction.
- Postgraduate vocational education.
- Internship in specialized areas (surgery, maxillofacial surgery, therapy, organization of sanitary and epidemiological service and social hygiene).
Forms of teaching
After graduating in 2000, the Samara Military Medical Institute organizes and develops methods for general and thematic improvement. This area includes areas of gastroenterology, surgery, pulmonology, epidemiology and others.
Classes with students are conducted at 12 departments of this university and 23 departments of the Samara Medical State University. Among the teaching staff there are more than 50 doctors of sciences and professors, 22 - with an academic degree, 74 candidates. The overall scientific potential of the university exceeds 70 percent. The institute practices such a form of student training as field training, which allows covering all semesters of training students with a control lesson on organizing the functioning of the medical unit. In the field of training army doctors, an important place is occupied by military internships for students. Classes are carried out in three military districts and five garrisons of the Strategic Missile Forces.
Material base
The department of OTMS of the Samara Military Medical Institute, like other areas, actively uses innovative technologies in the preparation of students. There are three computer classrooms with Internet connection in the university. The prestige of studying at the university in question is due to the following aspects:
- Full compliance of training with state standards.
- High level of scientific and pedagogical potential.
- Continuous improvement of educational material for the training of military doctors based on the combination of traditional and innovative teaching methods, including automation of educational process management.
- The material base of the university makes it possible not only to successfully train military doctors, but also to provide decent living and study conditions.
Address of the military medical Samara Institute
University address: 443099, Samara region, Samara city, Pionerskaya street, 22. It is located in four buildings, the main of which is a building built back in 1847. At various times it was used as a vocational school, a military hospital, and the Suvorov Military School. The administrative part of the university is located in a building built in 1885. It is an architectural monument. For out-of-town students, there is a 14-storey well-appointed dormitory, which was built in the city center, not far from the banks of the picturesque Volga. The institute also has a canteen for 600 people, a family hostel for 75 apartments.
Peculiarities
A special pride of the higher educational institution in question is the presence of a clinic with a capacity of 650 patients. It is equipped with a modern base and staffed by highly qualified specialists. Here the most modern methods of diagnostics and treatment are introduced into practice. The latest achievements in the field of science and technology are widely applied. The equipment of the university and its facilities make it possible to develop an extensive program for the improvement of military doctors, as well as secondary and junior medical staff, along with practical training for students.
What now?
Since 2009, direct admission to the Samara Military Medical Institute has become impossible. The university came under the jurisdiction of St. Petersburg and ceased to exist as an independent unit. Applicants wishing to enter the faculty of this institution will have to go to take exams in St. Petersburg.
Enrollment rules:
- Applicants who have passed the professional selection are included in the competitive lists for enrollment and, according to the results of the competition, enter the university.
- Competitive applications are compiled according to the levels of vocational education and preparatory specialties.
- Candidates applying for specialist degree programs are placed in the lists by the amount of points that characterize their general level of training (marks are added up for each subject of entrance exams, and the level of physical fitness is also taken into account).
- Applicants entering the programs of secondary vocational education are listed according to the value of the average score of the certificate of secondary education.
- Applicants who are classified according to the results of psychological selection to the third category are placed in the lists after the applicants of the first and second groups, regardless of the result obtained by the sum of marks.
Applicants for the Samara Military Medical Institute, whose passing score will be the same, are entered in the competitive lists in a certain sequence, namely:
- The first stage is applicants who enjoy the priority right to enter military educational institutions.
- The second stage - applicants with a higher mark in core disciplines, in particular chemistry, as well as taking into account their physical training.
- The third queue - candidates whose score was higher in the general education discipline (biology).
Samara Military Medical Institute: reviews
SVMI graduates remember their student days as one of the most interesting periods in their lives. Military doctors note the friendly atmosphere of the institute, as well as a good material and technical base. Some graduates who studied at other similar institutions give the Samara Institute a solid five, while other universities do not always even reach the "C grade".
Also, users note the presence of their own clinic, which makes it possible to combine theory with practice, as well as an original approach to teaching methods and a high class of teaching staff. Living conditions, former students, are also attributed to the advantages of the institution (the presence of a comfortable hostel and a dining room). In addition, the university buildings and hostels are located in picturesque places in the city.
Outcome
After the transfer of this military medical university to the St. Petersburg Academy, only internships and retraining courses for active military doctors remain in Samara. Cadets undergoing training will be able to graduate from the university without problems, and new applicants need to go to St. Petersburg for admission.
The "Passing Score" column shows the average passing score for one exam (the minimum total passing score divided by the number of exams).
What is it and why is it important?
Admission to the university is based on the results of the Unified State Examination (for each exam, you can score a maximum of 100 points). When enrolling, individual achievements are also taken into account, such as a final school essay (gives a maximum of 10 points), an excellent student certificate (6 points) and a TRP badge (4 points). In addition, some universities are allowed to take an additional exam in a specialized subject for the chosen specialty. For some specialties, it is also required to pass a professional or creative exam. You can also score a maximum of 100 points for each additional exam.
Passing score for any specialty at a particular university is the minimum total score with which an applicant was enrolled during the last admission campaign.
In fact, we know with what points it was possible to enter last year. But, unfortunately, no one knows with what score you can enter this or next year. This will depend on how many applicants and with what scores they will apply for this specialty, as well as on how many budget places will be allocated. Nevertheless, knowing the passing scores allows you to estimate your chances of admission with a high degree of probability, so it is worth focusing on them, this is important.
Thus, on January 1, 1919, a solemn public meeting of the Samara University Council was held, which was attended by professors and teachers - V. V. Gorinevsky, M. I. Akker, V. P. Adrianov, P. V. Smirnov, E. I. Tarasov, A.N. Barannikov, S.A. Shcheglova, N.N. Lebedev, O.I. Nikonova, V.I. Timofeeva and a number of other well-known specialists in Samara.
Professor V.V. Gorinevsky delivered a speech at this Council, who outlined to the students the basics of teaching medicine at the Higher Courses in St. Petersburg, which he knew well, since he had been a teacher there for several years. It is quite natural that Valentin Vladislavovich Gorinevsky was unanimously elected the first dean of the educated medical faculty of Samara University.
Professor V. V. Gorinevsky (1857-1937) is considered to be the founder of the medical faculty of Samara State University. He also became the head of the university and the department of hygiene. N. A. Semashko, V. V. Gorinevsky.
It must be said that V. V. Gorinevsky was a prominent hygienist, one of the founders (along with P. F. Lesgaft) of medical control over physical education and therapeutic physical culture in our country.
He developed the organizational and methodological foundations of medical control over the physical education of children and adolescents, hardening and physical exercises not only to maintain health, but also to achieve harmonious development; forms of conducting industrial gymnastics at industrial enterprises are proposed. V. V. Gorinevsky knew well the then People's Commissar of Health of the RSFSR N. A. Semashko, who, before the revolution, worked for some time in the provincial zemstvo hospital in Samara together with the future famous surgeon, academician A. V. Vishnevsky.
Soon after the official opening, the first educational departments were formed at the medical faculty of Samara University.
So, in January 1919, among the first departments of the Faculty of Medicine, the Department of Normal Anatomy was created, which a month later, due to the merger of the natural and medical faculties, merged with the Department of Histology. Its first head was 35-year-old professor Viktor Vasilievich Fedorov (1884-1920), a graduate of the St. Petersburg Military Medical Academy. Professor V. V. Fedorov quite quickly formed the staff of the department and organized the educational process, although at that time they had to work in extremely difficult conditions, there was a Civil War. In 1921, the Department of Anatomy received more spacious premises in the new morphological building. Since that time and until now, the building on the street. Chapaevskaya, 227, students call "anatomist".
Also, from the very beginning of the opening in 1919 of the Medical Faculty at Samara University, the Department of Pathological Anatomy was formed. She was based in the central zemstvo hospital. Professor A.F. Topchieva, a pupil of the Kharkov Medical School, was invited to head the department. On the course of general pathology until 1923, lectures were given by professors E. L. Kavetsky and Yu. V. Portugalov. Then, from 1920 to 1936, this department was headed by Professor E. L. Kavetsky, a highly erudite specialist, even before the revolution, since 1898, who headed the pathoanatomical service of Samara at the zemstvo hospital and conducted numerous pathological and bacteriological studies.
Evgeny Leopoldovich Kavetsky is one of the initiators of the creation of a higher medical school in Samara, the dean of the medical faculty and the rector of Samara State University.
Administrative building of the Samara State Medical University in 1919-1927
And in July 1920, the Department of Contagious Diseases (now - infectious diseases) was organized and began to work. The part-time head of this department was also entrusted to Professor V. N. Klimenko. The clinical base of the department was located in the Children's Infectious Diseases Hospital with 80 beds (a hospital built at the expense of the famous Samara merchant Arzhanov).
Professor Vasily Nikolaevich Vorontsov, who worked at Voronezh University before coming to Samara, was elected head of the Department of Pharmacology, also founded in 1919. The department was located in a house in Khlebny Lane (now it is Studenchesky Lane). At the same time, the future Samara chemical school began to emerge. But, as it usually happens, a long road begins with the first, albeit still small, step. The Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry was located in the building of the former theological seminary before the revolution on the street. Molodogvardeiskaya, 151 (it was headed by Professor M. S. Skanavi-Grigorieva).
The course of biochemistry, then called physiological chemistry, began to be taught at the medical faculty of Samara University in February 1919 under the guidance of Olga Semyonovna Manoilova (1880-1962). She began her education in St. Petersburg, and completed in Paris, being in political exile. In Paris, she worked for some time at the Pasteur Institute under the leadership of I. I. Mechnikov, and later in Germany, with the prominent biochemist P. Euler, who in 1908, together with I. I. Mechnikov, received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. By this time, O. S. Manoilova was already well known as a capable researcher: for example, she began to widely introduce microchemical research methods into laboratory and clinical practice. In September 1919, she was approved as a professor and became the first female professor at the medical faculty of Samara University.
From November 1919, the history of the therapeutic departments of the medical faculty of Samara University begins. The first department of diagnostics was created, which was also located on the basis of the central zemstvo hospital. It was headed by Mikhail Nikolaevich Gremyachkin, a well-known Samara therapist, a graduate of Kazan University. In those difficult years, employees studied mainly issues of infectious diseases. A couple of years later, this department was divided into the Department of Medical Diagnostics and the Department of Private Pathology and Therapy. These departments became the basis for subsequent departments and clinics of hospital, faculty and propaedeutic therapy. In 1920-1921, students and teachers of the medical faculty of Samara State University took an active part in the fight against famine and epidemics caused by the civil war. There was even the so-called "Combat Epidemiological Squad", almost half of whose members were students (among them was the future People's Commissar of Health of the USSR, and then a student of the medical faculty Georgy Miterev, our fellow countryman).
The first surgical department and clinic - now it is the department of general surgery - was organized in 1920, a year after the opening of the medical faculty of Samara University. Then the teaching of surgery was carried out at the Faculty of Medicine in two departments - propaedeutic surgery, as well as at the department of desmurgy and mechanurgy. In November 1922, at the direction of the People's Commissariat of Education of the RSFSR, both departments were merged. Before her departure from Samara, this united department of surgical pathology was headed by Professor V. V. Gorinevskaya, who later became a well-known Soviet traumatologist.
Since 1920, the leading clinical base of the Faculty of Medicine was the former Central Zemstvo, then the 1st Soviet Provincial Hospital, now the City Clinical Hospital No. N. I. Pirogov. On the basis of its departments, practical classes were held in surgery, therapy, obstetrics and gynecology, as well as other academic disciplines.
In 1920, in the very first year of the organization of the Department of General Surgery, under the leadership of V. V. Gorinevskaya, a student scientific circle was created, which later became the core of the Student Scientific Society (SSS) of the Faculty of Medicine, organized on the initiative and under the supervision of V. V. Gorinevskaya in February 1923.
The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology largely repeats the path of higher medical education in the city of Samara. During the formation of the medical faculty of Samara University in January 1919, the talented obstetrician-gynecologist L. L. Okontsich was elected the first head of the department of obstetrics and gynecology. He was replaced at the end of 1919 by Professor P. V. Zanchenko, who took an active part in the organization of the obstetric and gynecological service. At the department of obstetrics and gynecology headed by him, the issues of providing emergency care for uterine rupture, ectopic pregnancy, and the use of the healing properties of mineral springs in the Samara province were studied. Somewhat later, P.V. Zanchenko developed a caesarean section in the lower segment of the uterus, which is widely used today as the most favorable in terms of outcomes.
Professor P. V. Zanchenko also became the second dean of the Faculty of Medicine and the first organizer of the Regional Scientific Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.
The history of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology began in 1920, that is, in the second year of the existence of the Medical Faculty of Samara University. It was headed by one of the best students of the founder of Russian otorhinolaryngology, Academician of the St. Petersburg Imperial University Nikolai Petrovich Simanovsky, Professor Nikolai Vasilyevich Belogolovov. From 1920 to 1926 he was the first head of the department of otorhinolaryngology at the Samara Medical University. Scientific research conducted by N. V. Belogolovov in Samara was mainly devoted to the study of auditory orientation in space - ototopics (a scientific term also introduced by N. V. Belogolovov), rationalization of surgical interventions on the frontal sinus (radical surgery on the frontal sinus according to the method of N. V. Belogolovov), pituitary gland and surgical treatment of stenosis of the larynx.
The beginning of the formation of the Samara Neurological School also dates back to 1920, when the Department of Nervous Diseases was opened at the Medical Faculty of Samara University. At all stages of the development of the Samara Neurological School, the department was headed by prominent Russian neurologists. The first organizer and head of the neurological clinic was Professor Alexander Alexandrovich Kornilov, who headed the department for 6 years (1920-1926). A representative of the Moscow school of neuropathologists, a prominent scientist, author of scientific works on muscular dystrophy and pathology of the reflex sphere, Professor A. A. Kornilov managed to organize an exemplary clinic for that time in Samara and gather young capable doctors around him. In 1923, on the initiative of Professor A. A. Kornilov, the Samara Physiotherapy Institute named after A.I. M. I. Kalinina. In the same year, the Physiotherapy Institute, later the Samara Regional Hospital named after M.I. Kalinin, becomes the main educational and clinical base of the Department of Nervous Diseases of the Faculty of Medicine.
September 1921 was the beginning of the activities of the Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases (now it is the Department of Dermatovenereology). The department was headed by one of the most experienced and erudite dermatovenereologists in Samara, Vasily Vasilyevich Kolchin. The former division doctor of the 25th Chapaev division Mikhail Viktorovich Kubarev (he was a student of the outstanding Russian dermatovenereologist Petr Vasilievich Nikolsky) and the young doctor Isaac Moiseevich Tyles were invited as teachers to the department. The Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases at that time had 60 full-time beds and was located in two wooden barracks of the former central zemstvo hospital. The main task of the department in those years was the training of medical specialists, and the main activity of the staff was reduced to teaching and medical work, scientific activity began a little later.
As part of the Faculty of Medicine in September 1921, the Department of Forensic Medicine also began to function. The first head of the department was the doctor I. I. Tsvetkov. In 1921, he was also appointed to the position of "head of the section (in other documents, a subdepartment) of the forensic medical examination" of the Samara provincial health department. Until 1927, he remained the only teacher of this department.
The lecture course on psychiatry at the medical faculty of Samara University was first read by Professor Yuli Veniaminovich Portugalov in 1922. Two years later, a separate department of psychiatry was formed on the basis of the university under his leadership.
The first graduation of doctors from the medical faculty of Samara University took place in 1922. 37 graduates received certificates of conferring the title of doctor. Since 1923, only three senior students studied at the medical faculty of the university. Since 1925, only fifth-year students of the medical faculty were on state (that is, free) education.
Issue of 1925. Third from the left in the top row - G. A. Miterev, fourth from the left in the middle row - V. A. Klimovitsky.
In 1927, due to great financial difficulties, the medical faculty of Samara University, unfortunately, was closed. During the nine years of its activity, 724 certified doctors were trained and graduated. In the last years of the existence of the medical faculty, the chairman of the qualification commission was professor-therapist M. N. Gremyachkin. It was from the graduates of that period that the remarkable scientists and health care organizers R. E. Kavetsky, G. A. Miterev, G. K. Lavsky, I. N. Askalonov, T. I. Eroshevsky, I. I. Kukolev, V. N Zvorykina, N. S. Rozhaeva, Ya. M. Grinberg, and V. A. Klimovitsky.
1930—1939
After a very short time, already in 1930, due to the urgent need to provide healthcare with qualified medical personnel, the Middle Volga Regional Medical Institute was opened. This name was given because Samara in those years was the administrative center of the Middle Volga region. In 1934, in connection with the administrative reform in the country and the introduction of regions, the Middle Volga Regional Medical Institute was renamed the Samara Medical Institute, and since 1935, when our city was named after the famous revolutionary V. V. Kuibyshev, it became the Kuibyshev Medical Institute. institute.
The buildings of the institute were then located on Galaktionovskaya street, 25 (administrative building), Ulyanovskoy street, 18 (theoretical building), Chapaevskaya street, 227 (morphological building), Nikitinskaya street, 2 (Regional institute for the protection of motherhood and infancy). The Medical Institute was represented by five faculties at once: medical, sanitary and prophylactic, maternal and infancy care, a working faculty with departments in Samara, Penza, Klyavlino, Averino, as well as a sector of correspondence education and training courses for dentists.
In 1930, the Department of Fundamentals of Soviet Health and Social Hygiene was created at the Medical Institute, which until 1932 was headed by Professor P. M. Batrachenko. Then he headed the Department of Eye Diseases, which he headed from 1932 to 1937. In 1934-1937, P. M. Batrachenko, in addition, was the head of the Middle Volga regional (Samara, and then Kuibyshev regional) department of health.
Subsequently, in 1935-1942, the head of the department of social hygiene was N. A. Ananiev, who made a significant contribution not only to improving the educational process, but also to studying and analyzing the incidence of the population of the Kuibyshev region, developing a complex of recreational activities, which generally contributed to reducing the incidence of tuberculosis, malaria, sexually transmitted diseases, endemic goiter.
A major role in the progressive development and growth of the scientific authority of the Kuibyshev Medical Institute in our country at this stage was played by professors A. G. Brzhozovsky, S. M. Shikleev, B. I. Fuks, A. S. Zenin, G. M. Lopatin, S. I. Boryu and others.
Scientific sessions and conferences became regular. Publishing activities are expanding: here it is very important to note such a scientific work as the unique monograph “Occupational Skin Diseases” by M. P. Batunin and A. S. Zenin, which has not lost its significance to date.
The thirties were the years of the formation of an independent medical university. It was during these years that institute Clinics were created - a separate page in the history of the university, its wealth and pride.
With the right to defend dissertations granted to the Kuibyshev Medical Institute, it was the employees of the Clinic I. N. Askalonov and A. I. Germanov, both future professors of KMI, who were the first to defend them. In the 30s, new forms of joint work of medical science and society as a whole began to be laid - a gradual and ever-increasing interaction of the staff of the Kuibyshev Medical Institute with state authorities and practical health care began. In the same 1930s, students began to become more and more actively involved in scientific work. In 1939, the institute hosted the first scientific conference of the Student Scientific Society, at which 22 reports were made.
Remarkable personalities are remarkable - clinical professors, scientists and teachers who glorified the history of our medical university. One of them was Anton Grigoryevich Brzhozovsky, the founder of the faculty surgery clinic at the Kuibyshev Medical Institute in 1935, who led it until 1954. He was a man of amazing fate: during the Civil War, he was the personal physician of the White Admiral Kolchak, and later, a consultant to Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin himself. Under his leadership, the department developed many of the basic issues of surgery, so fruitfully developed by his followers.
From 1930 to 1939, 1120 doctors were trained at the Kuibyshev Medical Institute, employees defended more than 40 candidate and doctoral dissertations, 18 of them at their native university.
1940—1945
In connection with the approaching war and the ongoing gradual reform of the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army (RKKA), an increasing number of trained military doctors were urgently needed to strengthen the country's defense capability. These were the times of fleeting military conflicts on Lake Khasan and on the Khalkhin Gol River. They largely revealed a number of weaknesses in the organization of the entire system of military medicine in the Red Army. It was imperative to expand the number of educational institutions that would train medical personnel for the army. Therefore, in April 1939, the Kuibyshev Medical Institute was reorganized into the Kuibyshev Military Medical Academy of the Red Army.
The permanent composition of the teachers of the KVMA was staffed by the staff of the VMA named after. S. M. Kirov from Leningrad and teachers of the Kuibyshev Medical Institute. Students of the KVMA in the required number were selected and urgently called up for military service from other medical institutes in our country.
For the same purpose, the teaching staff of KVMA was additionally staffed by well-known figures of domestic medicine. For example, prominent Soviet scientists, professors M.N. Akhutin, V.V. Zakusov, V.A. Beyer, I.A. Klyuss, A.N. Berkutov and others, became heads of clinical departments. They gave a lot of effort to improve the medical support of the Red Army.
The Great Patriotic War was not only a tragic event in the life of the Soviet people, but also a manifestation of the rise of patriotic and civic feelings, solidarity with the peoples who fought against fascism. Kuibyshev medical scientists occupied a special place in the common struggle against the enemy. They were given the most important task - to develop such a system and find such means of treating the wounded and sick soldiers of the Red Army and Navy, which would ensure their quick return to duty. Throughout the difficult years of the war, the staff of the Kuibyshev Military Medical Academy (and then the Kuibyshev Medical Institute) lived and worked together with the entire Soviet people very courageously, according to the fundamental and iron principle: “Everything for the front, everything for victory!”
Perhaps one of the most remarkable documents stored in the archives is the following telegram from the chairman of the State Defense Committee to the director of the medical institute, secretary of the party bureau, professors, doctors of medical sciences Kavetsky, Shilovtsev, Shlyapnikov, secretary of the Komsomol committee: “I ask you to convey to the students, faculty, workers and employees of the Kuibyshev State Medical Institute, who collected 181,780 rubles in cash and 56,380 rubles in government bonds for ambulance aircraft named after the Kuibyshev State Medical Institute, my fraternal greetings and gratitude to the Red Army. The desire of workers and students of the institute will be fulfilled. I. Stalin.
Until October 1942 (for three years), the Military Medical Academy in Kuibyshev made six graduations, having trained 1793 military doctors. In October 1942, by decision of the Council of People's Commissars, the Kuibyshev Military Medical Academy was disbanded. The departments of the military medical block of the KVMA were relocated together with the Military Medical Academy named after A.I. S. M. Kirov in Samarkand. With the staff of the academy for the deployment of a new training base there, its head, Major General of the Medical Service V. I. Vilesov, also left.
The country's leadership was firmly convinced that victory in World War II would be on the side of the Soviet Union. Therefore, by the decision of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR of September 4, 1942, on the basis of the liquidated Military Medical Academy, the Kuibyshev Medical Institute was again recreated with subordination to the People's Commissariat of Health of the RSFSR, Colonel of the Medical Service, Associate Professor V. I. Savelyev was appointed its director.
V. I. Savelyev put a lot of effort and energy into the organization of the educational process, which was restructured in accordance with the tasks of wartime. The institute actively studied new, most effective methods of treating wounded and sick soldiers, generalized the experience of medical and sanitary care during combat operations, the features of military field surgery, etc.
The teaching staff of the Kuibyshev Medical Institute was understaffed with teachers from a number of medical institutes evacuated from the territories of our country occupied by the German invaders. For example, professors A. N. Orlov, an oculist, N. A. Torsuev, a dermatovenereologist, A. I. Zlatoverov, a neurologist, P. Ya. Pelchuk, an obstetrician-gynecologist, and Sh. Of the students who arrived with them, training courses were formed and scheduled classes began.
To continue their studies, young men and women evacuated from other cities came to the Kuibyshev Medical Institute, in whose institutions they had already begun training in medical science. Young people who had gone through many hardships had to be united and given an impetus to a new, peaceful life. A variety of educational work, which was carried out by the party and Komsomol organizations, teachers of the institute, gave positive results.
On July 1, 1943, the Kuibyshev Medical Institute held the first military graduation of doctors: 112 young specialists received diplomas, 50% of them were sent to the army, 35% to medical institutions of the Kuibyshev region, 1% to the People's Commissariat of Water Transport, 5% to institutions People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs.
Despite all the difficulties and the huge medical work carried out by the wounded, the Kuibyshev Medical Institute continued to intensively conduct research and development. Of course, they were mainly on defense topics - these are military injuries, burns and frostbite, shock, transfusiology, septic tonsillitis (aleukia). Students from the circles of clinical departments began to take part in research work. At the same time, the staff of the Kuibyshev Medical Institute, headed by leading scientists, joined in active assistance to medical institutions in cities and rural areas of the Kuibyshev region. The inextricable link between medical science and practical health care was again clearly manifested.
A great contribution to the provision of surgical care to the soldiers of the Red Army during the war years was made by the Honored Scientist of the RSFSR, Professor Sergei Pavlovich Shilovtsev, who from December 1942 headed the clinic and the department of general surgery for 20 years. In May 1943, the first scientific session of the KMI took place. The scientific session lasted 4 days, 54 reports of scientists and doctors on all sections of theoretical and practical medicine were presented at it. The scientific secretary of the KMI, head of the department of faculty therapy, Professor V. I. Chilikin wrote about this in his memorandum: “The Kuibyshev State Medical Institute is one of the largest in the Union. Its departments and clinics are headed by professors - doctors of sciences, who have extensive experience in pedagogical, scientific and medical work.
On the territory of the Kuibyshev region in the spring and summer of 1944, there was an outbreak of Vincent-Simanovsky's septic tonsillitis. Particularly significant assistance in the fight against it was provided to the Kuibyshev Regional Health Department by an authoritative scientific medical commission consisting of professors of the KMI, heads of the departments of therapy V. I. Chilikin (scientific secretary of the KMI), infectious diseases F. M. Toporkov, ENT diseases B. N. Lukov , pathology N. F. Shlyapnikov, skin diseases A. S. Zenin and a number of other specialists. Teachers and medical students of the 3rd year of KMI participated in this work. In the end, the outbreak of this serious disease, which captured 10 districts of the Kuibyshev region, was completely eliminated. The head of the Department of ENT Diseases, Professor B. N. Lukov, during the war years, performed more than 8 thousand operations, consulted more than 53 thousand patients - the wounded and the sick. For his work, he was awarded the gratitude of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief. For about two decades, from 1942 to 1960, Boris Nikolaevich Lukov headed this department.
Professor Alexander Iosifovich Zlatoverov, one of the leading neurologists in our country, who played a special role in the formation of the Samara school of neurologists, headed the Department of Nervous Diseases from 1944 to 1968. A representative of the Moscow neurological school, a student of Professors L. S. Minor and L. O. Darkshevich, Professor A. I. Zlatoverov rightfully occupies a prominent place among the founders of Russian neurology. Over the years, with his active participation, the neurological service of the city of Kuibyshev and the region has been improved, new neurological departments have been opened, scientific research has been carried out. AI Zlatoverov was one of the initiators of the opening in 1958 in the Samara regional hospital of the neurosurgical department. In May 1943, by order of the Soviet government, the Kuibyshev Medical Institute was given the right to accept dissertations for defense and confer academic degrees of doctor and candidate of medical and biological sciences, as well as academic titles - professors and associate professors.
During the war years, 8 doctoral dissertations and 22 dissertations for the degree of candidate of medical sciences were defended in the academic council of the institute. In addition, in the 1944-45 academic year, the staff of the Institute completed 16 dissertations, 6 of them for the degree of Doctor of Science and 10 for the degree of Candidate of Medical Sciences. At the end of the war, the number of graduate students and clinical residents reached 23 people.
One of the most prominent figures among medical scientists in the city of Kuibyshev was Professor N. F. Shlyapnikov. In March 1944, he was appointed to the post of head of the department of pathological anatomy, before that for a long time he headed a similar department at the Saratov Medical Institute.
As you know, during the Great Patriotic War, Kuibyshev was the reserve capital of the union state. The Soviet government was based in the city for almost two years. Many large factories producing military equipment and industrial products necessary for the front were also evacuated here from the western territories captured by the enemy. Advanced scientific personnel, including medical ones, were concentrated here. Kuibyshev military hospitals were one of the main training grounds where advanced research and research was carried out, the most effective technologies for treating wounded soldiers of the Red Army were developed. The color of pathological morphology faced the specific task of a comprehensive study of the wound process, complicated by a wide variety of diseases, as well as the accumulation and synthesis of material on new forms of diseases: wound depletion, alimentary dystrophy, etc.
During the war years, the Kuibyshev Medical Institute trained 432 doctors, most of them went to the front. About 400 employees of our institute were participants in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.
1946—1966
The post-war years were marked by the rapid development of all areas of the Institute's activities. These years were not easy, peaceful life was only getting better in the country, but inspiration reigned in everyone's souls. Soldiers-students returned to their classes, teachers returned to the university from the active army, but for a long time the youth, whose childhood was scorched by the war, will enter the institute.
Professors A. I. Germanov, B. N. Lukov, A. M. Aminev with KMI graduates after state exams.
The stage of formation and maturity of a modern university can be called the period from 1945 to 1965, the functioning of the Kuibyshev Medical Institute, which was still a single-faculty. Professors N. E. Kavetsky, A. M. Aminev, A. I. Germanov, T. I. Eroshevsky paid special attention to the training of scientific and pedagogical personnel, improving the quality of educational, medical, scientific work. One of the remarkable traditions was the regular, since 1956, scientific and practical conferences. Over the years, 16 conferences have been held, 17 collections of scientific papers have been published.
During this period, six-year training was introduced, in the content of practical classes, including the study of theoretical disciplines, significant importance was attached to the development of practical skills among students. And the students had someone to learn from, not only in Russia, but also beyond its borders, Samara scientific schools became widely known. In 1949, Professor Tikhon Ivanovich Eroshevsky was appointed director of the Kuibyshev Medical Institute, it was at our Medical Institute that he created his own scientific and pedagogical ophthalmological school, which has become world famous.
T. I. Eroshevsky, S. N. Fedorov later at the 4th Congress of Ophthalmologists of Russia in 1982
Then, in 1958, Dmitry Andreevich Voronov replaced T. I. Eroshevsky as director of the Kuibyshev Medical Institute.
An experienced organizer of health care, a tactful and far-sighted person, D. A. Voronov was in power for a rather short period - only 5 years. However, taking care of the fate of the university itself, he prudently included 3 objects in the capital construction plans: a 5-storey hostel on the street. Gagarin, 16, educational building on the street. Gagarin, 18, and the building of the Central Research Laboratory with a vivarium. They were completed and opened later, but a start has been made.
D. A. Voronov developed his scientific activity at the Department of Social Hygiene and Health Organization, headed by Professor S. I. Stegunin in 1962-1990, all scientific and pedagogical activities of which are connected with the Kuibyshev Medical Institute, where he came in 1946 after demobilization from the army.
The main scientific merit of Doctor of Medical Sciences S.I. Stegunin is that he, along with outstanding scientists N.N. Anichkov, E.V. Schmidt, N.N. Blokhin, A.V. Chaklin, V.B. Smirnov, began to develop in depth the pathogenetic concept of the emergence of the most important non-communicable diseases. And, of course, the name of S.I. Stegunin entered the history of the university forever as the founder of the Museum of the History of KSMI-SamGMU! At that time, excellent clinicians worked at the institute: obstetricians-gynecologists, therapists, surgeons. In 1947, an independent course of traumatology and orthopedics began to be taught at the Department of Hospital Surgery. Alexander Pavlovich Evstropov became its leader.
Since 1951, the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology was headed by Professor I. T. Milchenko, who had 2 higher educations: pedagogical and medical. The scientific work of the department dealt with the issues of functional and morphological characteristics of the internal genital organs, the state of the nervous and vascular systems in various obstetric pathologies. Under his guidance V. V. Goryachev, I. A. Kupaev completed their dissertations, who later became heads of departments in our university, A. F. Zharkin, who became a professor, head. Department of the Volgograd Medical Institute. In 1955, the department of faculty surgery of the Kuibyshev Medical Institute was headed by Professor Sergey Leonidovich Libov, who headed the department from 1955 to 1961.
This period in the life of the Department of Faculty Surgery was relatively short, but extremely eventful. It was then that in the history of the department, in various combinations, the words “for the first time, the first” began to sound often.
Under the leadership of S. L. Libov, for the first time in Kuibyshev, departments of thoracic and cardiac surgery were opened, where one of the first operations on a dry heart in the USSR, as well as the world's first simultaneous operations on both lungs for bronchiectasis, were performed.
The first pressure chamber was installed in the Faculty Surgery Clinic.
For only four years, until 1967, the Kuibyshev State Medical Institute was headed by the Honored Worker of Science of the RSFSR, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor Ivan Vasilyevich Sidorenkov.
To work in Kuibyshev, where he came from Orenburg, Sidorenkov set about full of energy and scientific ideas: to come to grips with the problem of atherosclerosis. The strategy of scientific research has already been developed and comprehended by him. All that was missing was a team of like-minded people, which Ivan Vasilyevich began to form, starting the painstaking work of properly equipping the department, selecting students and forming a circle of associates - those who could bring to life everything he had planned.
Under him, since 1966, another faculty was opened at the Kuibyshev Medical Institute - dentistry. He also saw in the then Sasha Krasnov, a young professor, the makings of a future leader - the head of the department and the rector of the university.
1967—1997
In August 1966, in connection with the growth of the Kuibyshev Medical Institute, the second department of hospital surgery was organized, to which the teaching of traumatology and orthopedics and military field surgery was transferred.
The new department was headed by Professor Alexander Fedorovich Krasnov, a native of the department of Professor A. M. Aminev. In 1967, he became the rector of the Kuibyshev Medical Institute and led it for 31 years - until 1998! Three decades is a serious part of human life, and in the life of a university they have become a whole era.
Under A.F. Krasnov, the rapid construction of new buildings, dormitories began, and with them new faculties were formed at the institute. We only note that today Samara State Medical University has all the faculties that a university that provides medical and pharmaceutical education can only have. So from a single-faculty institute, an educational institution becomes a medical university. It is quite natural that new departments were opened during this period.
A. F. Krasnov, G. P. Kotelnikov, A. K. Povelikhin, S. N. Izmalkov, 1970s.
Since 1971, the Department of Tuberculosis has been organized at the Kuibyshev State Medical Institute, headed by Professor Kim Pavlovich Prosvirnov. The department provided practical assistance to healthcare, conducted research on the centralized control of patients with tuberculosis, studied immunity in tuberculosis. The scientific directions of the department are early detection of tuberculosis in children with concomitant conditions, a new test for the early detection of tuberculosis has been proposed, immunity continues to be studied.
The Department of Oncology was organized in August 1974. The founder and first head of the department is Honored Scientist of Russia, Honorary Professor and Honorary Graduate of our University, Honorary Oncologist of Russia, MD, Professor Yuri Ivanovich Malyshev, one of the favorite students of Professor Alexander Mikhailovich Aminev. The first teachers of the department were E. N. Katorkin, the first associate professor and head of the educational part of the department, and B. K. Soldatkin. Associate Professor N. P. Savelyev, an experienced oncologist with more than 40 years of work experience, worked at the department. The main scientific direction is the optimization of prevention, early diagnosis and treatment of patients with malignant neoplasms.
The Department of Urology was organized in 1977, and Professor Lev Anatolyevich Kudryavtsev became its first head. It should be noted that the foundations of teaching urology and the development of the specialty in the Samara region are inextricably linked with the name of V.P. Smelovsky, who back in 1951 was elected an associate professor in the course of urology at the department of faculty surgery, was the founder of the urological scientific society and its permanent chairman. L. A. Kudryavtsev developed the problems of urethral strictures and bladder cancer, the latter laid the foundation for the oncourological direction of the scientific department.
In the same 1977, the Department of Endocrinology was organized. Until 2006, it was headed by Honored Doctor of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor Nelli Ilyinichna Verbovaya. The formation of the department took place along with the strengthening of the endocrinological service of the city and the region. The main directions of the research work of the department: macroangiopathy in diabetes mellitus, obesity in adolescence, osteoporosis, pathology of the thyroid gland and gonads.
One of the last new departments, created by order of the rector of Samara State Medical University, academician of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences Alexander Fedorovich Krasnov in 1997, was the department of geriatrics. The foundations of teaching gerontology issues originated at the Department of Hospital Therapy, Honored Scientist, Professor V. A. Germanov obligated all teachers to include the study of topical issues in the treatment of elderly patients in the therapy curriculum. The decision to create an independent department, of course, was innovative, such a department for students of the VI course of the medical faculty was organized for the first time in the Russian Federation. The head of the department was appointed Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor Natalia Olegovna Zakharova.
Students of our university have the opportunity to study in detail the features of the pathology of the elderly - polymorbidity, the chronic course of diseases, the erasure of clinical manifestations, and drug pathomorphosis. In modern conditions, with the objective aging of the population, this is very important.
The ideological inspirer of the creation of the new department was Professor G.P. Kotelnikov, at that time - Vice-Rector for Academic Affairs. This was the last year of his tenure.
From 1998 to present
In 1998, Gennady Petrovich Kotelnikov was elected rector of the Samara State Medical University.
Rector of the Samara State Medical University Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences G. P. Kotelnikov with students.
Thus, a new page was opened in the history of the university, a page of the heyday of a real university complex, which has in its structure not only classical faculties and departments, but also educational and research institutes, multidisciplinary clinics, specialized medical and scientific and educational centers.
What is our university today? In the documents of the Central Data Bank on Russian universities it is written as follows: "Samara State Medical University is a leading scientific and methodological center in the main areas of its educational activities."
This conclusion, in our opinion, is absolutely justified. It is enough to remember several achievements and awards of Samara State Medical University over recent years, reflecting the level of its Russian and international recognition.
