The writer, who left us on August 14, called the birthday of everyone's favorite eared animal August 20, 1966, the day when the book "Crocodile Gena and his friends" was published.
It so happened that Eduard Nikolaevich before the holiday Cheburashki. But, according to the established tradition, the birthday will still be celebrated and, of course, they will remember the one thanks to whom Cheburashka "was born."
species unknown to science
As soon as our Cheburashka is not called abroad! Drutten, muxis, Plumps, Kullerchen, Topple, Kulverstukas… Where did his original name come from? Edward Uspensky told a sweet story about how his friend's little daughter was constantly falling, stepping on the edge of her mother's fur coat, in which she wrapped herself up while playing.
When she flopped again, dad said, “Oh. Again cheburahnul. As the writer later found out, to cheburah means to “fall”, “thump”, “crash”. The writer liked the word, and he applied it, inventing one of the most famous cartoon names.
But in the preface to the children's book, Uspensky said that one of his children's toys was called Cheburashka. The toy was defective and was an ugly animal of a species unknown to science. Yellow owl eyes, big ears, a small tail - neither a bear, nor a hare, it is not clear who.
When the child asked who it was and where it lives, they told him a fairy tale that it lives in the tropical jungle, eats oranges and is called Cheburashka.
Interestingly, in the 1965 edition, Cheburashka is not at all like the one we know from the cartoon. And he created a familiar image for all of us Leonid Shvartsman.
The word "cheburashka" is also in the dictionary Dalia. There, one of the meanings is a tumbler doll that gets up “on its feet” from any position. But Cheburashka got a name when he did everything the other way around: no matter how they planted him, he fell all the time, cheburah, overeating oranges and falling asleep. From the table to the chair, from the chair to the floor.
Cheburashka walks the planet
Especially loved the funny animal in Japan. When Cheburashka appeared on Japanese TV screens in 2001, the country's puppet industry experienced a production boom. Images of Cheburashka were everywhere: on packages, bags, clothes, milk packaging.
In the form of Cheburashka, chocolate was produced and restaurant dishes were served. It got to the point that the figurines of Cheburashka were placed near the house "for good luck" along with traditional sculptures from Japanese mythology - dragons and kitsune.
In the new series of "Cheburashka" Japanese crocodile Gena reads Japanese basho and is considered a Russian intellectual. And in 2009, the whole series “What is Cheburashka?” Was released, consisting of 26 three-minute episodes.
A frame from the Japanese animated series "What kind of Cheburashka?" year 2009. To the question What gender is Cheburashka? given by the author Alyonochka the best answer is “I came to visit a friend, and his little daughter was trying on a fluffy fur coat that dragged along the floor,” recalls Eduard Nikolaevich. - The girl was constantly falling, stumbling about her fur coat.
And her father, after another fall, exclaimed:
"Oh, I've screwed up again!" .
This word stuck in my memory, I asked its meaning.
It turned out that “cheburahnutsya” means “to fall”. And so the name of my hero appeared. It turns out that the word "cheburahnutsya", according to Dahl's dictionary, is rooted in the colloquial speech of the inhabitants of the Nizhny Novgorod region.
According to Eduard Nikolaevich Uspensky, the clasp of the Nizhny Novgorod barge haulers was also called "cheburashka".
According to the introduction to the book "Gena the Crocodile and His Friends", Cheburashka was the name of a defective toy that the author had in childhood, depicting a strange beast: either a bear cub, or a hare, with big ears.
His eyes were large and yellow, like those of an owl, his head was round, like a hare, and his tail was short and fluffy, such as is usually the case with small cubs. The boy's parents claimed that this is an animal unknown to science that lives in hot tropical forests.
Therefore, in the main text, whose heroes are allegedly the author's children's toys, Cheburashka is really an unknown tropical animal that climbed into a box of oranges, fell asleep there, and as a result, along with the box, ended up in a big city. The director of the store in which the box was opened called it "Cheburashka", since the animal that had eaten oranges was constantly falling (cheburah):
He sat, sat, looked around, and then he took it and cheburahnulsya from the table to the chair. But he did not sit on a chair for a long time - he cheburahnulsya again. On the floor.
- Fu you, Cheburashka what! - the store manager said about him,
- Can't sit still! So our animal found out that his name is Cheburashka ...
Another related word is "chebyrka" - a whip, at the end of which there is a ball on the hair. The origin of the word "cheburashka", in the sense of a tumbler toy, described by Dahl is due to the fact that many fishermen made such toys from wooden balls, which were floats for fishing nets, and were also called cheburashka.
Source:
Answer from ~ AquaMarinka~[guru]
Alexey has a very interesting answer.
But I still don’t understand why Alexey came to the conclusion that Cheburashka is a girl. So what if the daughter of a familiar writer became the prototype of this character.
Read the book by Eduard Uspensky "Crocodile Gena and his friends." Cheburashka - masculine:
“One day he woke up early in the morning, put his paws behind his back and went for a little walk and get some fresh air. He walked for himself, walked and suddenly saw several boxes of oranges near a large orchard. Without thinking twice, Cheburashka climbed into one of them and began to have breakfast. He ate two whole oranges and ate so much that it became difficult for him to move around, so he went straight to the fruit and went to bed.
Cheburashka slept soundly, he, of course, did not hear how the workers approached and nailed all the boxes.
After that, the oranges, along with Cheburashka, were loaded onto a ship and sent on a long journey ... "
And further in the text, this funny creature is described in the masculine gender:
- What are we going to do now? - asked Cheburashka, after everyone got to know each other.
... The next evening, Cheburashka was the first to come to the crocodile.
How can a male hero of a story (and at the same time a cartoon) be female? ? After all, toys have no gender.
As a philologist by education, I would like to clarify the meaning of the word gender:
Gender - each of two genetically and physiologically opposed categories of living beings (men and women, males and females), organisms. Male, female.
(Dictionary of Ozhegov and Shvedova)
An informal interview is a conversation with the applicant, during which at first glance strange and unexpected questions are asked, seemingly completely unrelated to the proposed vacancy and the place of work. Actually it is not. The purpose of such questions lies on the surface: to test the logic and reaction of the interlocutor, to find out what the applicant would like to hide.
A recruiter who conducts a stressful interview wants to achieve a little different. During such an interview, usually the main goal is to test the applicant for stress resistance, find out how well-mannered and patient he is, whether it is difficult to piss him off. Here, more attention is paid not to what exactly a person says, but how he reacts and behaves.
Let's try to deal with unexpected questions during interviews. Are they really as weird and stupid as job seekers sometimes think? Such questions could be grouped into several groups.
Questions of a personal nature
This includes the recruiter's interest in the applicant's personal life, what he does in his spare time, his family relationships, his habits and character. For example, “Why are you still single?”, or “Why did you have a baby?”, “Do you never wear makeup?”, “How often do you lie?”, “Do you use profanity?”, “ Do you go to the bath?
According to the laws of business ethics, interest in the personal life of the applicant during the interview is considered unacceptable. Therefore, in such a situation, you can always calmly answer the question with a question: “How can this affect the workflow?” Or just turn everything into a joke.
Why do recruiters ask these kinds of questions? Perhaps they want to get to know the applicant better, or to check his reaction to an uncomfortable question and try to piss him off. Some facts of personal life can help to decide if the candidate is suitable for this company. For example, one woman was denied employment after she answered yes to the question: “Do you have a dacha?” The employer concluded that she would rush to leave the city every Friday to rest.
Questions on logic and ingenuity
Another category of questions are those that make you think, turn on logic and find an answer. One of the most popular questions of this kind is: “Why do you think sewer covers are made round?”. There are also such: “How many doors does a subway car have?”, “How can a sheet of paper be used?”, “What color are the trees on Mars?”, “Why do employees come to work on time when the boss is on vacation?”, “The plane fell on border between Russia and Ukraine, there were no casualties. In which of the two countries will the victims of the disaster be buried?”, “What does the cow drink?” (To the last question, most people answer "milk", although the correct answer is "water").
Such tasks test logical thinking, creativity and intelligence. A funny question for intelligence, which has already become almost anecdotal: “The mother of the snail Masha had five daughters, whose names were Chacha, Chichi, Cheche, Chuchu. What is the name of the fifth?
Cases
Case studies have become very popular lately. These are non-standard situations from which the applicant must find a way out. Such a task helps to test the different qualities of the applicant for the position: sociability, originality of thinking, creativity, activity, the ability to find a way out of a difficult situation.
For example, “You ended up in a foreign country and, unfortunately, lost your documents. You don't know the language of the locals. Your actions?".
“You need to find your way to a cinema in an unfamiliar city. Which of the passers-by (a man, a teenager, a grandmother, a woman with a baby) will you contact and why?
“You have witnessed the arrival of aliens. They take you with them and offer you any position on the planet to choose from. What will you choose? (This question tests ambitiousness, purposefulness and a propensity for careerism).
“As a result of a shipwreck, you ended up on a desert island. What two things would you like to have in your backpack?”
“What would you spend a million dollars won in the lottery on?”
"Which of the historical figures of the past would you like to talk to?". Curiously, one of the most common answers to this question is: "With Adolf Hitler."
There is an anecdote about the interview and the case question:
The applicant was asked: “You are an elf, nine evil orcs are chasing you. You have a bow and seven arrows. How will you do it? To this he replied: “The last time something like this happened to me, the orderlies came into my ward, tied me up and took me away in a straitjacket.” After that, the manager girl, looking into his eyes, said: “You are the second one who answered in this way. The first was our director, he said: "I'll quit drinking."
Role-playing game
Situations during interviews are very common when the applicant is offered to play any situation.
For example, a person applying for the position of a sales representative may be offered to try to sell a pen to a recruiter.
Other business game options:
“You work as a waiter, the director ordered the institution to be closed urgently. I am a client sitting in the hall who eats very slowly. You need to convince me to leave, but in such a way that I do not experience negativity and want to come to your restaurant again.
“The customer is asking for a discount on a product. You need to refuse him this, but in such a way that you do not lose him.
During such games, the most important thing is not the result, but how the applicant behaves, how hard he tries to cope with the task, how much effort he makes for this. Activity, creativity of thinking, ability to get out of a non-standard situation, communication skills and self-confidence are assessed.
exotic questions
There are employers who are interested in such specific information about a potential employee, such as his zodiac sign or the correspondence of the proposed position by date of birth and numerology. Based on the answer, the applicant may be denied employment with the words: “Unfortunately, you are not suitable for us.”
It is difficult to predict in advance all the possible questions that a potential employer or his representative will ask during an interview. In any case, going for an interview, you need to be prepared for anything.
How to behave if you are asked non-standard, unusual or uncomfortable questions?
1. Stay calm and try not to show your confusion. Smile and take a deep breath. It is better to pause than to say something out of place.
2. You can ask to repeat the question. This will give you a little "time out" to collect your thoughts.
3. Be yourself, act natural. Remember: the main thing is not what you say, it is much more important how you do it.
4. You can always ask to postpone this issue and return to it later.
5. Remember that there may not be a correct answer to such questions at all, and therefore feel free to answer as you see fit (within the bounds of decency, of course).
6. Try to somehow connect your answer with a potential job, this will add extra points to you.
7. A healthy sense of humor in such situations is usually welcome. Smile and joke, this will make a good impression on you.
8. Remember that you can always get up and leave. An interview that you failed to pass is not the end of your life. Take it as a new experience that will help you find a decent job in the future that matches your abilities and skills.
