In his works, he never reported the date of birth of Sherlock Holmes. Presumably, the year of his birth is 1854 (according to the story "His farewell bow"). The version also appeared in the press that Holmes was born in 1850. The version was allegedly based on the biography of the doctor Joseph Bell, whom Arthur Conan Doyle himself repeatedly mentioned as the prototype of Sherlock Holmes, and, according to the writer's stories, Joseph Bell was nine years older than him, that is, his year of birth was 1850 (himself Arthur Conan Doyle was born in 1859). However, in reality, Joseph Bell was born in 1837, which deprives this version of grounds.

Admirers of Conan Doyle's work have attempted to establish a more accurate date of birth for Sherlock Holmes. In particular, the date of January 6 was suggested. The date was calculated by a certain Nathan L. Bengis based on a comparison of fragmentary information from the works of Conan Doyle and astrological research. Part of the hypothesis is based on the fact that in the story "Valley of Terror" there is an indirect reference to Shakespeare's play "Twelfth Night" with a relative time reference to Holmes's birthday. The date is quite common among fans of the great detective, although in general it is not objectively confirmed.

Little is known about the family and ancestors of Sherlock Holmes. In the story "The Case of the Translator" Holmes says: "My ancestors were provincial landowners and probably lived exactly the kind of life that is natural for their class".

In the same place, Holmes mentions that his grandmother was the sister of the French battle painter Horace Vernet (1789-1863). Sherlock Holmes' brother, Mycroft Holmes, who is seven years older than him and works in the Foreign Office, acts in a number of works. Also mentioned in The Norwood Contractor is the young doctor Werner, a distant relative of Holmes, who bought Watson's doctoral practice in Kensington. There is no mention of other relatives of Holmes.

Sherlock Holmes. Illustration by artist Steele for a 1903 edition

Key dates in the life of Sherlock Holmes are as follows:

"Mr. Sherlock Holmes has always been of the opinion that I should publish the astonishing facts connected with the Professor Presbury case, if only to put an end once and for all to the dark rumors that stirred up the university twenty years ago and are still repeated in every way. in London scientific circles. For one reason or another, however, I was long deprived of such an opportunity, and the true story of this curious incident remained buried at the bottom of the safe, along with many, many records of the adventures of my friend. And here we are at last received permission to publicize the circumstances of this case, one of the latest that Holmes investigated before leaving the practice .... One Sunday evening, in early September 1903 ... "

Watson says "we got", meaning, of course, himself and Holmes; if the actions of the protagonist of the story, Professor Presbury, disturbed the scientific community in 1903, and that was "twenty years ago", then it is not difficult to conclude that both Holmes and Watson were alive and well in 1923.

Sherlock Holmes is a consulting detective, the protagonist of the series. He is the world's first consulting detective, tk. he invented such a profession for himself. Holmes has an extraordinary passion for strange and unusual crimes, which have many secrets and secrets - without such cases, he quickly becomes bored. To keep his brain active, he uses nicotine patches (instead of the traditional smoking pipe).

Holmes is unusually intelligent and observant. His ability to notice and draw conclusions from seemingly small things is unparalleled and is his primary tool in solving the crimes he investigates. However, his unusual views, mostly of an asocial nature, served as a pretext for hostility and rejection from those around him.

At the time of the meeting with John Watson, he said “Afghanistan or Iraq?”, And also told him almost everything about John Watson himself, which brought John into a state of shock.

At the beginning of the series, he acts as a little-known private detective, but, according to Watson, Holmes will become "almost world famous."

Possibilities

Since Sherlock is the brother of Mycroft Holmes, who works for the British government, he very often resorts to Mycroft's connections and sometimes to his help.

Capabilities

Sherlock has the ability to "go to the Mind Halls". This means that he can get to any point of his consciousness, examine it and even resort to a detailed search and analysis.

In total, Sherlock Holmes appears in 56 stories and 4 stories by Arthur Conan Doyle. In most cases, the story is told on behalf of Holmes' best friend and companion - Dr. Watson.

The first work about the famous detective, the story A Study in Scarlet, was written by Arthur Conan Doyle in 1887. The last collection, The Sherlock Holmes Archive, was published in 1927.

Conan Doyle himself considered the stories about Holmes "light reading" and did not share the delight of readers. Moreover, he was annoyed by the fact that readers prefer works about Holmes to all other works of the writer, while Conan Doyle considered himself primarily the author of a historical novel. In the end, Sir Arthur decided to stop the story of the detective by eliminating the most popular literary character in a fight with Professor Moriarty (the "godfather" of the English mafia, as they would say now) at the Reichenbach Falls.

However, the flow of letters from indignant readers, among whom were members of the royal family (according to legend, Queen Victoria herself), forced the writer to "revive" the famous detective and continue the description of his adventures.

Biography

Arthur Conan Doyle himself in his works never reported the date of birth of Sherlock Holmes. Presumably the year of his birth is -th (according to the story "His farewell bow"). The version also appeared in print that Holmes was born in 1850. The version was allegedly based on the biography of the doctor Joseph Bell, whom Arthur Conan Doyle himself mentioned more than once as the prototype of Sherlock Holmes, and, according to the writer, Joseph Bell was nine years older than him, that is, his year of birth was 1850 (himself Arthur Conan Doyle was born in 1859). However, in reality, Joseph Bell was born in 1837, which deprives this version of grounds.

Admirers of Conan Doyle's work have attempted to establish a more accurate date of birth for Sherlock Holmes. In particular, the date of January 6 has been suggested. The date was calculated by a certain Nathan L. Bengis based on a comparison of fragmentary information from the works of Conan Doyle and astrological research (!). Partially, the hypothesis is based on the fact that in the story "Valley of Terror" there is an indirect reference to Shakespeare's play " Twelfth Night"with a relative time reference to Holmes's birthday. The date is quite common among fans of the great detective, although in general it is not objectively confirmed.

Self-portrait of Horace Vernet (1835)

Little is known about the family and ancestors of Sherlock Holmes. In the story "The Case of the Translator" Holmes says:

In the same place, Holmes mentions that his grandmother was the sister of the French battle painter Horace Vernet (-). A number of works feature Sherlock Holmes' brother, Mycroft Holmes, who is seven years his senior and works in the Foreign Office. Also mentioned in The Norwood Contractor is a young doctor, Werner, a distant relative of Holmes, who bought Watson's doctoral practice in Kensington. There is no mention of other relatives of Holmes. The grandmother is French, which speaks of the partial French origin of Holmes, although it is difficult to judge how much it prevails.

Key dates in the life of Sherlock Holmes are as follows:

• In 1881, Holmes met Dr. John Watson (if we take Holmes's date of birth as 1854, then at that moment he is about 27 years old). He, apparently, is not rich, as he is looking for a companion to rent an apartment together. At the same time, she and Watson move to 221b Baker Street, Baker Street, where they jointly rent an apartment from Mrs. Hudson. In the story "Gloria Scott"We learn something about Holmes' past, about what inspired him to become a detective: the father of a fellow student of Holmes was delighted with his deductive abilities.
• In 1888, Watson marries and moves out of his apartment on Baker Street. Holmes continues to rent an apartment from Mrs. Hudson already alone.
• In 1891, the action of the story "The Last Case of Holmes" unfolds. After a fight with Professor Moriarty, Holmes goes missing. Watson (and with him almost the entire English public) is confident in the death of Holmes.
• Between 1894 and 1894 Holmes was on the run. Having survived in single combat on the edge of a waterfall, on foot and without money, he overcame the Alpine mountains and reached Florence, from where he contacted his brother and received funds from him. After that, Holmes went to Tibet, where he traveled for two years, visited Lhasa and spent several days with the Dalai Lama - apparently, Holmes published his notes about this trip under the name of the Norwegian Sigerson. Then he traveled all over Persia, looked into Mecca (obviously, using acting skills, since, according to the laws of Islam, visiting Mecca and Medina by non-believers is excluded) and paid a visit to the Caliph in Khartoum (which he presented a report to the British Foreign Secretary). Returning to Europe, Holmes spent several months in the south of France, in Montpellier, where he was engaged in research on substances obtained from coal tar.
• In 1894 Holmes unexpectedly appears in London. After the elimination of the remnants of the criminal group Moriarty Holmes again settles on Baker Street. Doctor Watson, widowed by that time, also moves there.
• In 1904, Holmes retires and leaves London for Sussex, where he breeds bees.
• By 1914, the last described case of Holmes (the story "His farewell bow") dates back. Holmes is about 60 years old here (“He could have been given sixty years old”). Arthur Conan Doyle mentions the fate of Sherlock Holmes several times. From the story "The Devil's Leg" it follows that Dr. Watson received a telegram from Holmes with a proposal to write about the "Cornish Horror" in 1917, therefore, both friends endured the First World War safely, although they live separately. Further, in the story "The Man on All Fours", Watson again indirectly hints at the date of publication of this case for the general public and about the fate of Holmes:

Mr. Sherlock Holmes has always been of the opinion that I should publish the astonishing facts of the Professor Presbury case, if only to put an end to the dark rumors which twenty years ago stirred up the university and has been repeated in every way in London scientific circles until now. For one reason or another, however, I was long deprived of such an opportunity, and the true story of this curious incident remained buried at the bottom of the safe, along with many, many records of my friend's adventures. And so we finally got permission to publicize the circumstances of this case, one of the most recent, which Holmes investigated before leaving the practice .... Some Sunday evening early September 1903…

Watson says "we got", meaning, of course, himself and Holmes; if the actions of the hero of the story, Professor Presbury, worried the scientific community in 1903, and this was "twenty years ago", then it is not difficult to conclude that both Holmes and Watson were alive and well in 1923.

Holmes personality

At the first meeting with Sherlock Holmes ("Study in Scarlet"), Dr. Watson describes the great detective as a tall, thin young man:

He was over six feet tall, but with his unusual thinness he seemed even taller. His gaze was sharp, piercing, except for those periods of stupor referred to above; a thin aquiline nose gave his face an expression of lively energy and determination. A square, slightly protruding chin also spoke of a decisive character.

Sherlock Holmes is apparently a biochemist by training. At the time of his acquaintance with Watson, he worked as a laboratory assistant in one of the London hospitals - this is mentioned at the beginning of A Study in Scarlet. “One guy who works in the chemical laboratory at our hospital ... I think he knows anatomy very well, and he is a first-class chemist, but it seems that he never studied medicine systematically.” None of the subsequent writings mentions Holmes's work as a laboratory assistant. Just as the author no longer talks about any work other than private investigation, the work of his protagonist.

Holmes is a multifaceted personality. With versatile talents, he devoted his life to a career as a private detective. Investigating the cases supplied by his clients, he relies not so much on the letter of the law, but on his life principles, the rules of honor, which in a number of cases replace paragraphs of bureaucratic norms for him. Repeatedly, Holmes allowed people who, in his opinion, justifiably committed a crime, to escape punishment. Holmes, in principle, is not mercantile, he is primarily occupied with work. For his work in solving crimes, Sherlock Holmes takes a fair reward, but if his next client is poor, he can take a symbolic payment or refuse it altogether.

The connection between the image of Sherlock Holmes and the pipe is only partly true. Pipe tobacco he, first of all, appreciated for its strength, despite their cheapness and rudeness. The fact that he smoked strongly curved pipes is a later myth generated by illustrators. In a number of works (for example, "The End of Charles Augustus Milverton", "The Last Case of Holmes", "The Empty House", "Pins-nez in a Gold Rim") Holmes willingly smokes cigars and cigarettes.

In A Study in Scarlet, Dr. Watson states that Holmes does not use drugs, but in The Sign of the Four we see him intravenously using cocaine. Sherlock Holmes used drugs only in the complete absence of interesting crimes:

“My brain rebels against idleness. Give me a job! Give me the most difficult problem, the most insoluble problem, the most complicated case - and I will forget about artificial stimulants.

Moreover, by 1898 (this is just the estimated time of the “Horror over London” - the manuscript from the “Will of Sherlock Holmes”) Sherlock had already got rid of this bad habit, which the tireless Dr. Watson told us about in the story “The Lost Rugby Player”.

It is difficult to say something definite about Holmes' relationship with alcohol, although he is clearly not a strict teetotaler.

Holmes, in principle, is not conceited, and in most cases gratitude for the solved crime is of little interest to him:

How unfairly the prize was distributed! […] Everything in this business is done by you. But I got a wife. And the glory will go to Jones. What is left for you?
- To me? Holmes said. - And me - an ampoule with cocaine.

Although in a number of cases Holmes expresses his annoyance at this state of affairs:

But, perhaps, there is not a second to lose, - I was alarmed. - Go call a cab?
- I'm not sure if I'm going or not. I'm a lazy person, which the world has not seen, that is, of course, when laziness attacks me, but in general I can be nimble.
- You dreamed of such a case!
- My dear, what's the point of me? Suppose I unravel this case - after all, Gregson, Lestrade and company will pocket all the glory. Such is the fate of the unofficial person.

However, he is quite jealous of comparing his talent as a detective with other European detectives.

Considering you the second largest European expert…
- That's it, sir! Let me ask you, who has the honor of being the first? Holmes asked in a rather sharp tone.
- The works of Mr. Bertillon inspire great respect for people with a scientific mindset.

Holmes prefers to receive clients at his home. In a number of stories, you can see that even very wealthy clients, persons of royal blood and the Prime Minister of England himself come to see him personally. Holmes is a theatergoer, loves to dine at the Simpsons restaurant (the most prestigious place in London). He is well versed in opera and, apparently, knows Italian:

It is also likely that Holmes is familiar with other European languages ​​on a practical level:

The big "G" with the small "t" is short for "Gesellschaft", which means "company" in German. It's a common abbreviation, like our K°. "P", of course, means "Papier", paper.<...>And the person who wrote the note is German. Do you notice the strange construction of the phrase: "We received such a review about you from all sides"? A Frenchman or a Russian could not write like that. Only the Germans treat their verbs so unceremoniously.

Holmes shrugged his shoulders: - Perhaps, I really bring some good. "L" homme c "est rien - I" oeuvre c "est tout", as Gustave Flaubert put it in a letter to George Sand.

Weapons and martial arts

• Revolver. Both Holmes and Watson have personal revolvers; Watson always had a service revolver in his drawer, but only 8 stories mention this. Holmes is clearly a good shooter, as evidenced, in particular, by the famous episode from the story "The Rite of the House of Musgraves", where Holmes shot the monogram of Queen Victoria on the wall.
• Cane. Holmes, being a respectable gentleman, almost always walks with a cane. Described by Watson as a swordsman, he uses her as a weapon twice. In the story "Colored Ribbon", he uses a cane to drive away a poisonous snake.
• Sword. In A Study in Scarlet, Watson describes Holmes as an excellent swordsman, despite the fact that he never used it in the stories. However, the sword is mentioned in the story "Gloria Scott", where Holmes practices fencing.
• Whip. In some stories, Holmes appears armed with a whip. In the story The Six Napoleons, the whip is even named Holmes's favorite weapon and it is mentioned that the whip was additionally weighted with lead poured into the handle. A little later in the same story, Holmes breaks the last bust of Napoleon with a whip. Also, with the help of a whip, he snatches a gun from the hands of John Clay in "Red Union" - a technique that requires virtuoso possession of a whip. In addition, in the story "Identification", Holmes intended to give a thrashing to a swindler with a whip hanging on the wall of the living room.
• hand-to-hand combat. Watson describes Holmes as a good boxer. The Sign of Four indicates that Holmes was a boxer and competed:

  No, McMurdo, you know! Sherlock Holmes suddenly said good-naturedly. - I don't think you've forgotten me. Remember the amateur boxer you fought three rounds in the Alison ring on your benefit day four years ago?
  <…>
  - Do I see Mr. Sherlock Holmes?! - exclaimed the boxer. - But he is the very one! How did I not recognize you right away? You would not have stood here so quietly, but would have delivered your famous counter blow to my jaw - then I would have recognized you right away. Er, what can I say! You are one of those who bury talents in the ground. And they would go far if they wanted to!

Holmes often uses hand-to-hand combat skills in the fight against opponents and always comes out victorious.

In the story "The Brilliant Client", Holmes alone and unarmed confronts two criminals armed with truncheons and escapes with minor injuries. In the story Holmes' Last Case, the detective also describes a case of self-defense against "some scoundrel with a club."

In the story "Naval Treaty", an unarmed Holmes successfully confronts a criminal armed with a knife:

I did not imagine that Mr. Joseph could be so vicious. He lunged at me with a knife and I had to knock him down twice and cut myself on his knife before I got the upper hand. Although he looked at me with the “murderous” look of his only eye, which he could still open after the brawl was over, he nevertheless heeded my persuasion and handed over the document.

Examines evidence both scientifically and objectively. To determine the course of the crime, he often examines prints, traces, tire tracks (“Study in Scarlet”, “Silver”, “A Case in a Boarding School”, “The Hound of the Baskervilles”, “Mystery of the Boscombe Valley”), cigarette butts, ash residues (“ The Constant Patient", "The Hound of the Baskervilles", "Study in Scarlet"), letter comparison ("Identification", "Reiget Squires"), the remains of gunpowder ("Reiget Squires"), bullet recognition ("Empty House") and even fingerprints left many days ago ("Norwood Contractor"). Holmes also demonstrates knowledge of psychology ("A Scandal in Bohemia"), luring Irene Adler into a trap and rightly assuming that in the event of a fire, an unmarried childless woman will rush to save the most precious thing (in the story - a photograph), and a married woman, the mother of the family, will rush to save first all of your child.

Due to the troubles in life (or the desire to leave everything behind), Holmes retires to Sussexto take up beekeeping (" The Second Spot"), where he also writes the book "A Practical Guide to Breeding Bees." His love of music can also be considered as one of the ways of relaxation: for example, in the story “Redhead Union”, he takes an evening free from participation in business to listen to Pablo de Sarasate play the violin.

He also loves vocal music ("Scarlet Ring").

Sherlock Holmes Method

Sherlock Holmes. Illustration by artist Steele for a 1903 edition

The deductive method of Sherlock Holmes

1. Based on all the facts and evidence, a complete picture of the crime is built.
2. Based on the received picture of the crime, the only defendant corresponding to it is searched for.

When compiling an idea about the picture of the crime, Holmes uses strict logic, which allows one to restore a single picture from disparate and little-significant details as if he had seen the incident with his own eyes.

From one drop of water, a logical thinker can infer the possibility of the existence of the Atlantic Ocean or Niagara Falls, even if he has neither seen nor heard of either. Every life is a huge chain of causes and effects, and we can know its nature by one link.

An observer who has thoroughly studied one link in a series of events should be able to accurately establish all the other links - both previous and subsequent ones. But in order to bring the art of thinking to its highest point, it is necessary that the thinker be able to use all the established facts, and for this he needs the most extensive knowledge ...

The key points of the method are observation and expert knowledge in many practical and applied fields of science, often related to forensic science. Here, Holmes's specific approach to understanding the world is manifested - purely professional and pragmatic, which seems more than strange to people who are unfamiliar with Holmes's personality. Possessing the deepest knowledge in such areas specific to forensic science as soil science or typography, Holmes does not know elementary things. For example - Holmes is not aware of the fact that the Earth revolves around the Sun, because this information is completely useless in his work.

It seems to me that the human brain is like a small empty attic that you can furnish as you wish. The fool will drag in there any junk that comes to hand, and there will be nowhere to stick useful, necessary things, or at best you won’t get to the bottom of them among all this rubble. And an intelligent person carefully selects what he puts in his brain attic.

“Abandon everything impossible; what remains will be the answer, no matter how incredible it may seem.

For example, when investigating the case of the loss of Agra's treasures, Holmes is faced with a situation where the offender, according to signs and evidence left, turns out to be a man of short stature with a leg like a child's. Having discarded all options, Holmes stops at the only one: this is a short savage from the Andaman Islands - no matter how paradoxical this option may look.

The term in the method name deduction was not strictly used by Conan Doyle. It can be understood as:

* A cigar was found at the crime scene. Holmes deduces that the suspect Moran could not have smoked it. From the general rule (“a man with a full mustache cannot smoke a cigar to the end without burning it”), a special case is derived (“Colonel Moran could not smoke a cigar to the end because he wore such a mustache”). Gusev D. A. Logic "Training course"* “The considered method of proof<дедуктивный вывод по Modus tollendo ponens >, according to the testimony of A. Conan Doyle, served as the main method of Sherlock Holmes. When asked what the essence of his deductive method was, Sherlock Holmes answered: “Find all the possibilities related to the event under study, then exclude all of them in sequence, except for one, then this last one will serve as an answer to your question!”

However, at least part of the method is based on induction - the conclusion from the particular to the general. Some researchers see abduction as the basis of Holmes' method.

Holmes' unusual ability to make astounding guesses from the smallest clues causes constant amazement of Watson and readers of stories. The detective uses and trains this ability not only during the investigation, but also in everyday life. As a rule - subsequently Holmes thoroughly explains the course of his thoughts, which after the fact seems obvious and elementary.

Consequence

In most cases, Holmes is faced with carefully planned and complexly executed crimes. At the same time, the set of crimes is quite wide - Holmes investigates murders, thefts, extortion, and sometimes he comes across situations that at first glance (or ultimately) have no corpus delicti at all (the incident with the King of Bohemia, the case of Mary Sutherland, the story of a man with split lip, the case of Lord St. Simon, the riddle of the man with the yellow face).

Sherlock Holmes prefers to act alone, in one person performing all the functions of the investigation. He is assisted by John Hamish Watson and the staff of Scotland Yard, but this is not a matter of principle. Holmes finds evidence and, as an expert, assesses the involvement of the defendants in the crime. Interrogates witnesses. In addition, Holmes often acts directly as an agent of the detective, searching for evidence and defendants, and also participates in the arrest. Holmes is no stranger to various tricks - he uses makeup, wigs, changes his voice. In some cases, he has to resort to full reincarnation, which requires the skill of an actor.

In some cases, a group of London street boys work for Holmes. Basically, Holmes uses them as spies to assist him in investigating cases.

In general, the cultural influence of the image is very large. Interestingly, according to a survey conducted by the British sociological association Ask Jeeves in 2011, on average one in five Britons believes that Sherlock Holmes really existed.

Data

• The ancestor of such a deductive-detective genre is, contrary to popular belief, not Conan Doyle, but Edgar Allan Poe with his story "Murder in the Rue Morgue". At the same time, Holmes himself spoke very contemptuously about the deductive abilities of Auguste Dupin, the protagonist of "Murder on the Rue Morgue" (the story "A Study in Scarlet").
• At the time of writing stories about Sherlock Holmes, the house with the address 221b Baker Street didn't exist. In fact, it does not exist even now - the house numbers from 215 to 229 refer to the building Abbey National. Archived from the original on August 23, 2011.). However, this address was constantly receiving a stream of letters. The firm located at this address even had a position for processing letters to Sherlock Holmes. Subsequently, the address "Baker Street, 221b" was officially assigned to the house in which the Sherlock Holmes Museum is located in the form of his apartment (despite the fact that for this it was necessary to violate the numbering order of the houses on the street, since in fact it is house 239).
• Conan Doyle considered his stories about Sherlock Holmes to be frivolous, so he decided to "kill" him - a common technique of writers. After the publication of the story "The Last Case of Holmes", a pile of angry letters rained down on the writer. There is an unconfirmed legend about a letter from Queen Victoria to Conan Doyle, in which the Queen suggested that the death of Sherlock Holmes was just a cunning move by a detective. And the writer had to "revive" the character.

Sherlock Holmes hat

Holmes is dressed in fashion. 1904 illustration

Holmes is dressed in fashion. 1892 illustration

Sherlock Holmes wears a special deer hunter's hat. Nothing is written about her in the text, she was invented by the first illustrator of stories about Holmes Sidney Paget. At that time, such a hat was worn only in rural areas. In town, Holmes wears a regular brimmed hat.

Holmes versions

Images, representations, vision by other personalities

It is very difficult to list all the works with the participation of Holmes, written by other Russian and foreign authors - there are several hundred of them (see Sherlockian). Here are just a few of them:

The best works

When Conan Doyle was once asked to list the best stories about Holmes, the author selected 12 works:

Screen adaptations

According to the number of adaptations, the story of Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson got into the Guinness Book of Records. At the moment, there are about 210 films with the participation of the detective.

USA (1939-1946)

USSR-Russia

• "Blue carbuncle" (1979) (Algimantas Masiulis)
• "The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson" (Vasily Livanov)
  • "The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson: The Hound of the Baskervilles" (1981)
  • "The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson: The Treasures of Agra" (1983)
  • "The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson: The Twentieth Century Begins" (1986)
• My Dearly Beloved Detective (1986) - Detectives Miss Shirley Holmes and Miss Watson act in the parody film.
• Sherlock Holmes (2012) is a 2012 TV series featuring new original stories inspired by Conan Doyle stories. According to the director, in some episodes the motifs of previously unscreened stories are used, and each dilogy is a separate direction of the "detective" genre (gothic, politics, romance, etc.). In the role of Holmes - Igor Petrenko.

Great Britain

• “Without a single clue" - (sometimes - "Without a single clue", "Without any evidence", Eng. Without A Clue) - A crime comedy about Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson.
• "Murder by Order" - A joint British-Canadian thriller about the confrontation between Sherlock Holmes and Jack the Ripper. Holmes was played by Christopher Plummer.
• "The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes" (1985-1994) - series. Starring Jeremy Brett.
• Sherlock Holmes and the Case of the Silk Stocking is a 2004 TV movie starring Rupert Everett as Holmes.
• " Sherlock"- a series about Holmes and Watson, transferring the action to 2010-2012. Sherlock is played by Benedict Cumberbatch.

USA (2009-2012)

• Sherlock Holmes (A Menace from the Past) is a steampunk film by Rachel Goldenberg.
• Sherlock Holmes and Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows - 2009 and 2012 films by Guy Ritchie, in the role of the great detective - Robert Downey Jr.
• Elementary - released in the fall of 2012, a series about Holmes and Watson, which takes place today in the United States. Sherlock is played by Jonny Lee Miller.

Computer games about Sherlock Holmes

• Sherlock(1984) (Philip Mitchell) (PC text adventure)
• Sherlock Holmes(1984) (Bantam Software) (PC, Commodore 64)
• Sherlock Holmes: The Vatican Cameos(1986) (Ellicott Creek) (PC, Apple II)
• Young Sherlock: The Legacy of Doyle(1987) (Pack-In-Video) (MSX)
• Sherlock Holmes: A Matter of Evil(1988) (Creative Juices) (ZX81/Spectrum)
• Sherlock Holmes: The Lamberley Mystery(1990) (Zenobi Software) (ZX81/Spectrum)
• 221B Baker Street(1987) (Datasoft) (PC and Mac)
• Sherlock: The Riddle of the Crown Jewels(1988) (Infocom)
• Trilogy by Towa Chiki:
  • Sherlock Holmes: Hakushaku Reijou Yuukai Jiken/Sherlock Holmes: The Case of the Count's Abducted Daughter(NES) (1986) (Towa Chiki)
  • Meitantei Holmes: Kiri no London Satsujin Jiken/Great Detective Holmes: A Case of Murder in London Fog(1988) (NES) (Towa Chiki)
  • Meitantei Holmes: M-Kara no Chousenjou/Great Detective Holmes: A Challenge from M(1989) (NES) (Towa Chiki)
• Sherlock Holmes: Loretta no Shouzou(1987) (Sega) (Sega Master System)
• Trilogy from ICOM Simulations:
  • Sherlock Holmes: Consulting Detective Vol. I
  • Sherlock Holmes: Consulting Detective Vol. II(1992) (ICOM Simulations) (PC, Sega CD, TurboGrafx-CD)
  • Sherlock Holmes: Consulting Detective Vol. III(1993) (ICOM Simulations) (PC, Sega CD, TurboGrafx-CD)
• Sherlock Holmes: Consulting Detective (1999) (Infinite Ventures) (DVD Player, interactive movie game)
• Dilogy from Mythos Software:
  • The Lost Files of Sherlock Holmes: The Case of the Serrated Scalpel(1992) (Mythos Software) (PC, 3DO -1994)
  • The Lost Files of Sherlock Holmes: The Case of the Rose Tattoo(1996) (Mythos Software) (PC)
• Sherlock Holmes: The Return of Moriarty(2000) (Buka Entertainment) (PC)
• Games from Frogwares:
  • Sherlock Holmes: Mystery of the Mummy(2002) (Frogwares) (PC, Nintendo DS)
  • Adventures of Sherlock Holmes: The Mystery of the Persian Carpet(Frogware) (PC)
  • Sherlock Holmes: The Hound of the Baskervilles(Frogware) (PC)
  • Sherlock Holmes vs. Jack the Ripper(2009) (Frogwares) (PC) (X360)
  • Sherlock Holmes and the Mystery of Osbourne House(2011) (Frogwares) (Nintendo DS)
  • The Testament of Sherlock Holmes(2012) (Frogwares) (PC, X360, PS3)
  • Sherlock Holmes and the Mystery of the Frozen City(2012) (Frogwares) (Nintendo 3DS)
• Games based on Guy Ritchie films:
  • Sherlock Holmes: The Official Movie Game(2009) (Gameloft) (cell phone game)
  • Sherlock Holmes Mysteries(2009) (Warner Bros.) (iPhone/iPod/iPad-2010)
  • Sherlock Holmes 2: Checkmate(2011) (Sticky Game Studios) (PC, Mac online game)
• Sherlock Holmes Trivia(2009) (Phoenix Venture, LLC) (iPhone/iPod)
• Sherlock Holmes: The Game is Afoot(2009) (Mobile Deluxe) (iPhone/iPod)
• Detective Holmes(2010) (Warelex) (iPhone/iPod)
• Holmes(2011) (lukassen) (iPhone/iPod)
• Dilogy from Legacy Interactive:
  • The Lost Cases of Sherlock Holmes(2008) (Legacy Interactive) (Mac, PC)
  • The Lost Cases of Sherlock Holmes, Vol. 2(2010) (Legacy Interactive) (Mac, PC)
• Dilogy from gameX/Greenstreet Games:
  • Sherlock Holmes(2004) (gameX/Greenstreet Games) (PC)
  • Sherlock Holmes: The Case Of The Time Machine(2006) (gameX/Greenstreet Games) (PC)

Notes

1. Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Joseph Bell
2. Miscellaneous
3. Arthur Conan Doyle."The Father of Sherlock Holmes" // The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes. - Moscow: OLMA-Press. - S. 9. - 512 p. - 5000 copies. - ISBN 5 224 03361 6

Sherlock Holmes Mishanenkova Ekaterina Alexandrovna

Sherlock Holmes - writer

Sherlock Holmes - writer

Some of the works written by Holmes have already been mentioned, but of course it is worth dwelling on this activity of his in more detail. Of course, he was not a professional writer, like Dr. Watson, all his works were of a scientific and / or practical nature. Yes, and he blamed Watson: “It is on logic, and not on crime, that you should concentrate. And your course of serious lectures has turned into a collection of entertaining stories.

So what did Holmes himself write? Apparently, he liked to put his thoughts on paper, because he wrote at least several monographs and articles, as well as two stories about his own investigations - "The Lion's Mane" and "The Man with a Whitened Face."

Already in “A Study in Scarlet” the article “The Book of Life” written by him is mentioned, in which he proved “how much a person can learn by systematically and in detail observing everything that passes before his eyes.” True, Watson did not appreciate his ideas then and called the article “an amazing mixture of reasonable and delusional thoughts. If there was any logic and even persuasiveness in the reasoning, then the conclusions seemed to me quite deliberate and, as they say, sucked from the finger. But he is forgiven - by that time he and Holmes had only recently known each other, and he had not yet had the opportunity to see the practical application of the deductive method.

This is the very case when one can easily strike the imagination of the interlocutor, who loses sight of some small circumstance, on which, however, the whole course of reasoning is based. The same, my dear Watson, can be said about your stories, which intrigue the reader only because you deliberately keep silent about some details.

Holmes also mentions his work on footprints, the influence of professions on the shape of the hand, and, of course, tobacco ash. “Or here's another work on footprints, it talks about the use of plaster to preserve the print ... - he says to Watson, showing a letter from a familiar detective who translates his works into French. - One small study is devoted to the influence of professions on the shape of the hand, it gives lithographs of the hands of a roofer, a sailor, a cork maker, a composer, a weaver and a diamond grinder. This study is of great practical interest for a detective who regards his profession as a science. It is especially useful when you need to identify a corpse or determine the occupation of a criminal.

But Holmes also wrote at least two books that had nothing to do with detective work. These are the monograph "Polyphonic Motets of Lassus", composed by him during the period of his passion for medieval music, and "A Practical Guide to Breeding Bees", which Holmes wrote on a farm in Sussex, where he retired after parting with the profession of a detective. These two works are important in that they demonstrate how deeply Holmes immersed himself in any business that he began to engage in. With this in mind, it can be assumed that somewhere there is still a practical guide for spies that came out from under his pen. This is just a guess, but why not? There are a lot of conjectures around Holmes.

Look at the fruits of the nights of thought and the days of toil as I hunted down the industrious bees, just as I once hunted criminals in London.

From the book Remember the White Crow (Notes of Sherlock Holmes) author Livanov Vasily Borisovich

Our friend Sherlock Holmes Dr. Joseph Bell, chief surgeon of the royal hospital in the city of Edinburgh, was famous as a master of diagnostics.

From the book Your Sherlock Holmes author Livanov Vasily Borisovich

From the book People and Dolls [collection] author Livanov Vasily Borisovich

Our friend Sherlock Holmes Dr. Joseph Bell, chief surgeon of the royal hospital in the city of Edinburgh, was famous as a master of diagnostics.

From Arthur Conan Doyle by Pearson Hesketh

CHAPTER 6 SHERLOCK HOLMES A writer whose fictional characters were better known to the average Englishman than any other than Shakespeare's, lived for a time in Devonshire Terrace, and it was there that the first stories appeared in which Sherlock Holmes won world fame, for Holmes

From the book Sherlock [One step ahead of the audience] author Buta Elizaveta Mikhailovna

Sherlock Holmes Between us, why don't people think? Doesn't it bother you? Why don't they just think? Taxi Driver What would Sherlock Holmes be like if he was born at the end of the 20th century? Most likely, he would go to school, know how to use a smartphone and fight smoking, because in

From Sherlock Holmes author Mishanenkova Ekaterina Alexandrovna

Sherlock Holmes and Philosophy According to Dr. Watson, Holmes also had no knowledge in the field of philosophy. Again, the doctor was wrong. Perhaps Holmes was not particularly fond of philosophical theories, but given his deep knowledge of linguistics, history, religion and music

From the author's book

Sherlock Holmes and religion Of course, Holmes, like Conan Doyle, was a man of his time, so he combined rational thinking with faith in God. Without fanaticism, of course, but without the slightest sign of atheism. Conan Doyle was an ardent opponent of scientific materialism

From the author's book

Sherlock Holmes and politics It is difficult to say how much Holmes was interested in politics, but one thing is certain - with a brother like Mycroft, he was aware of various nuances of the management of the British Empire, which most of the inhabitants had not heard of. Rather, we can say that

From the author's book

Sherlock Holmes and music In the tenth item of his list, Dr. Watson was not mistaken, Holmes played the violin really well. Moreover, he could play both for others - to perform something known, and for himself - to improvise, being immersed in his thoughts about

From the author's book

Sherlock Holmes and children More precisely, Sherlock Holmes and homeless children, because he hardly communicates with other children in the books of Conan Doyle. london waifs

From the author's book

Sherlock Holmes and Women Most often, Holmes for some reason is considered a misogynist. This opinion is probably based primarily on his statement that "women can never be completely trusted, even the best of them" and on two famous phrases of Watson: "All feelings, and

From the author's book

Sherlock Holmes and the police For some reason, there is a widespread opinion among Holmes fans that he hid the evidence he found from the police in order to always be ahead of them. Perhaps the film adaptations are to blame for this, in some of which he does just that. But in the works of Conan Doyle

From the author's book

What did Sherlock Holmes smoke? Holmes was a heavy smoker, there is no doubt about that. At the first meeting, negotiating with Watson about living together, he asks: “I hope you don’t mind the smell of strong tobacco?” And in the future, he smokes in almost every

From the author's book

Sherlock Holmes and the press As you know, Holmes did not want to be written about in the newspapers. However, he was very interested in the newspapers themselves. In those days, the print media were the only media, it was they who disseminated information and formed public opinion. Newspapers

From the author's book

Sherlock Holmes and emotions It is generally accepted that Holmes was a man of little emotion. This reputation was created for him, of course, by Watson, who wrote in "A Scandal in Bohemia": "In my opinion, he was the most perfect thinking and observing machine that the world has ever seen." To break

From the author's book

"Puzzled Sherlock Holmes" This was the name of the first known film about Holmes. It was filmed in 1900 in the USA, directed by Arthur Marvin, and, among other things, is also the first detective film in history. At the same time, it lasts ... thirty seconds. The plot of the picture

The detective story is undoubtedly one of the most popular and recognizable genres of literature. The first thing that comes to mind when you hear this word is a detective who is intently investigating a brutal murder or an intricate mystery. The names of the most famous pathfinders immediately come to mind: Miss Marple, Alan Pinkerton, and, of course, Sherlock Holmes. His name has already become a household name for a person with amazing deductive abilities and developed. Notes on the adventures of this detective have long become classics of literature, but few people know who the author of Sherlock Holmes was - Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.

Childhood and adolescence

Arthur Conan Doyle (the surname is sometimes spelled as "Doyle" due to inconsistencies in English) was born on May 22, 1859 in Edinburgh, Scotland, in the family of an artist and architect. Despite the fact that the boy's father often drank, Arthur received a good primary education, and at the age of nine he was sent to a remote boarding school. Unfortunately, the writer has only negative memories of this place: disgusting food, low level of teaching.

But it was in this unpleasant place that the future author of Sherlock Holmes discovered his talent for writing. It was because of this that Arthur Conan Doyle became popular among his peers. By the end of his seven years at school, he even began to publish his own magazine and try his hand at versification.

Start

In 1876 Doyle became a student at Edinburgh. Studying was easy for him, so Arthur devoted his free time to literature. Already in his third year he published one of his stories in a Scottish magazine, in the same year his article on medicine was published in an influential periodical. In 1881, the medically qualified author of Sherlock Holmes went to West Africa as a ship's doctor. Before that, by the way, he already had experience of long-distance navigation: the expedition to the Arctic was not in vain. Returning from the voyage, Doyle began to work as a doctor, a couple of years later he defended his doctorate in medicine.

But behind all the worries, he did not forget about creativity. In 1886 Arthur Conan Doyle became known as a prose writer. "The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes" - the first stories about the famous detective - appeared in periodicals.

Fame and ... throwing?

In 1889, Doyle left Britain with his wife and little daughter. The ambitious doctor decides to move to Austria, where he studied for a while, to move from general medicine to ophthalmology there, but after a couple of months the couple returns to London. Arthur opens a private office for a while, trying to combine medicine and literature, but in 1891 he completely withdraws into the universe called Sherlock Holmes. The author of exciting stories became more and more popular every day, he allowed himself to demand huge money for stories, and periodicals were ready to pay fabulous fees for the opportunity to publish Doyle. At the same time, Arthur travels with his family around the world, writes, teaches at various universities. In 1897, returning to the United Kingdom, he tries himself as a playwright - and the world receives a theatrical version of Sherlock Holmes.

In December 1899, the Boer War began. Having abandoned the series of stories "Sherlock Holmes", the author goes to the front as a volunteer doctor. Three years later, Arthur Conan Doyle received the prefix "sir" and the title of knight for his service to the Crown during the difficult time of the war. The experience was reflected in the book "The Great Boer War".

After

After the war, Arthur once again leaves the practice of medicine, this time for the sake of politics. True, he could not even win the local elections, so he abandoned this idea very soon. In 1906, after the death of his wife, he gets married for the second time, and the new union brings him not only children, but also inspiration for writing theatrical versions of some stories from the Sherlock Holmes cycle: the author of the work was able to stage the “Colorful Ribbon”, as well as "Brigadier Gerard" and "Rodney Stone" (in the latter case the name was changed to "House Terperley"). In the same period, The Hound of the Baskervilles was published - a novel about one of the most famous cases of a brilliant detective.

But the sense of domestic duty was invincible, so it is not surprising that with Sir Arthur Conan Doyle again joined the ranks of the British army volunteers.

Last years

Returning from a new war, the author of Sherlock Holmes discovers spiritualism. Unusual and, frankly, rare teaching so fascinated Doyle that in 1922 he once again left Britain and left with his family for the United States, where he intended to seriously engage in the promotion of spiritualism. He spent almost two years on the road, trying to interest as many overseas people as possible in esoteric teachings, but at the end of the twenties, Arthur Conan Doyle returned to Europe. In 1929, he sets off on a journey through which he writes his last book, which has nothing to do with Sherlock Holmes, who has already tired him (his author even tried to kill him once, but was forced to resurrect the character due to pressure from the public).

imitators

It is almost impossible to pass by such a bright and outstanding image as Sherlock Holmes, therefore, even during the life of its author, writers began to appear who expressed their vision of this unusual hero. The stories about the fate of the detective were written by the son of Arthur Conan Doyle, and Franklin Roosevelt, one of the most famous US presidents.

In the nineties of the twentieth century, a huge number of books of the Sherlock Holmes series by other authors (A. Shaburina, V. Petrina, M. Trushina, etc.) appeared on the territory of the post-Soviet space, hinting that new stories were found in Dr. Watson's suitcase . The number of imitators of Doyle's genius is really huge, and, probably, there is something surprisingly intriguing in every version of the stories about the genius of the detectives.