Celebration of the Day of Slavic Literature and Culture in the senior group of kindergarten
Purpose: to cultivate love for the Motherland, a sense of pride in the country in which we live, respect for folk traditions.
Tasks:
Introduce the Old Slavonic alphabet;
To form a moral and aesthetic attitude to the environment
the world;
The holiday bells are ringing.
Educator:
In our wide Rus', mother,
The bell ringing is spreading.
Now brothers Saints Cyril and Methodius
They are glorified for their work.
They remember Cyril and Methodius,
Brothers of the glorious Equal-to-the-Apostles,
In Belarus, Macedonia,
In Poland, Czech Republic and Slovakia.
Praise the wise brothers in Bulgaria,
In Ukraine, Croatia, Serbia.
All nations that write in Cyrillic,
What are called from ancient times Slavic,
Praise the feat of the first teachers,
Christian enlighteners.
Today we will talk about our history, about the emergence of Slavic writing. Every year on May 24, Russia celebrates the Day of Slavic Literature and Culture. A nation, a people, a state cannot live without culture, literacy, writing.
Volumes in blue cover
familiar volumes,
The pulse of Russia beats in them,
They have eternal life.
Page after page...
You will find an answer for everything.
No, they don't get dusty
And after many years.
Writing is a real treasure that a person has mastered.
So in ancient times, people exchanged information by sending each other various items. It turned out cumbersome and not particularly clear. When people realized that exchanging message items is a troublesome business, they began to draw these items.
(Demonstration of rock paintings)
Such images have been found on the walls of caves where ancient people once lived. These are the first steps of man to the creation of writing. Gradually, people began to replace the drawings with symbols.
(Demonstration of rock symbols-letters)
The inscriptions were made on stones, rock, on the board. Of course, it was inconvenient to carry such “letters” over distances, and these signs could be understood in different ways.
Time passed. Gradually, people moved from drawing to signs, which they began to call letters. This is how writing was born.
(Illustration depicting Cyril and Methodius)
You see an image of two brothers in monastic attire. They are Cyril (Konstantin in the world) and Methodius (Michael in the world). Originally from Thessalonica (Thessaloniki), which is located in Greece. Enlighteners of the Slavs, creators of the Slavic alphabet, preachers. They were very educated people. They came from a pious Slavic family, their father was a military leader. Cyril began attending school at the age of 8, mastered Greek, Latin. Cyril and Methodius participated in military campaigns, carried out diplomatic missions, translated books, and were sent on an educational mission to Moravia. But the enlightenment of the Slavs turned out to be impossible without books in their language. Therefore, Cyril and Methodius set about creating the Slavic alphabet. On May 24, 863, the brothers announced the invention of the Slavic alphabet.
(Image: ABC. Glagolitic and Cyrillic)
Glagolitic and Cyrillic are the first Slavic alphabets. The name of the alphabet "Glagolitic" comes from the word VERB, which means "speech". And "Cyrillic" is named after its creator. In Ancient Rus', the Glagolitic alphabet was used to transmit church texts and existed for 3 centuries, while Cyrillic was used in everyday writing. There are 43 letters in Cyrillic, later this alphabet became the basis of the Russian alphabet.
(Image of the first books)
In 988, a palace school of “book teaching” was opened in Kyiv. A new center of book culture arose, the school connected Kievan Rus with European civilization.
Books in Rus' were very expensive. They were made on parchment: the skin of a sheep was soaked in lime, dried, then honey was rubbed.
(Image: Birch bark letters)
In Rus', another material for writing was also used for a long time - birch bark. Signs on birch bark were applied with a bone rod.
Since the 10th century, literature based on the Glagolitic and Cyrillic alphabets has been spreading in the Old Russian language. Most often these were church books, teachings, learned works.
(Image: ABC.)
The appearance of the letters of the Slavic alphabet helps us see the world through the eyes of our ancestors. Each letter is individual, unique and has its own name: lead, people, beeches, az, earth.
The names of the letters were supposed to remind people of such words that should not be forgotten: “good”, “live”, “earth”, “people”, “peace”.
"Az" and "Buki". It turned out the word "AZBUKA".
People say so: “First, “az” and “beeches”, then science.” It is from the basics that the path of each of us into the world of knowledge begins.
Guys, listen to the proverbs about the benefits of learning.
- He who wants to know a lot needs little sleep.
- To go into science is to endure torment.
- By God's will, the light stands, people live by science.
- Without pain, there is no science.
- To think nothing - to turn sour for a century.
Only 44 sister letters look at us from an old scroll. It was they who became the basis of the modern Russian alphabet.
(Image: Monuments to Cyril and Methodius)
In honor of the enlighteners Cyril and Methodius, a holiday was established - the Day of Slavic Writing and Culture. This holiday came to us from Bulgaria, where this tradition is over 100 years old. To this day, on the eve of the holiday, the Bulgarians lay flowers at the monuments to Cyril and Methodius.
In our country, the holiday has been celebrated since 1986. In 1992, the sculptor V. Klykov created a monument to the Slavic enlighteners, Cyril and Methodius, which was installed in Moscow.
Russian language.
I love my mother tongue!
It is clear to everyone
He is melodious
He, like the Russian people, is many-sided,
As our power, mighty.
He is the language of the moon and planets,
Our satellites and rockets
At the round table
Speak it:
unambiguous and direct,
It is like the truth itself.
On May 24, all our people celebrate the Holiday of Slavic Literature and Culture. On this day, a monument to Cyril and Methodius was opened in Moscow on Slavyanskaya Square. At the foot of this monument, there is an Unquenchable Lampada - a sign of eternal memory. Since then, every year on May 24 we honor Cyril and Methodius.
It is a pity that we started celebrating the Slavic Literature Day very late, because in other Slavic countries this day is celebrated a long time ago, popularly, very colorfully and truly festive.
(38 slide. Saints Cyril and Methodius)
The Thessalonica brothers Cyril and Methodius are the pride of the entire Slavic world. They said: doesn’t the sun shine for everyone, doesn’t it rain for everyone, doesn’t the earth feed everyone? All people are equal, all people are brothers, all are equal before the Lord, and everyone needs literacy. The Orthodox Church canonized the brothers Cyril and Methodius as saints.
Two brothers, Cyril and Methodius,
We want to say thank you
For the letters that we really need
To teach us to read.
Educator 1. In wide Rus', our mother
The bell ringing spills
Today the brothers Cyril and Methodius
They are glorified for their work.
Educator 2. They remember Cyril and Methodius,
Brothers of the glorious Equal-to-the-Apostles
In Belarus, Macedonia,
In Poland, Czech Republic and Slovakia.
Educator 1. Praise the wise brothers in Bulgaria,
In Ukraine, Croatia, Serbia.
Educator 2. All peoples that write in Cyrillic,
What are called from ancient times Slavic,
Praise the feat of the first teachers,
Christian enlighteners. Children:
1. 1. Fair-haired, gray-eyed,
Bright in face and glorious in heart,
Drevlyans, Russians, meadows,
Tell me who are we?
We are Slavs! (in chorus)
2. 2. Everyone is handsome with their article,
All relatives and all similar,
We are now called Russians,
Since ancient times, who are we?
We are Slavs! (in chorus)
3. 3. We honor the white-trunked birches,
We love our free songs,
We are called Masha, Yulia, Tanya,
Tell me who are we?
We are Slavs! (in chorus)
The song "Motherland".
Educator 1. Goy, you are our glorious guests, kindly cute kids, I will tell you about Holy Rus', about distant times, Once upon a time there were good fellows, beautiful girls - red girls! They knew how to plow, but to mow, to cut house-towers. But our ancestors did not know letters, they did not know how to read books, but write letters. At the same time, there were two brothers: oh, and they were wise. The elder is Methodius, and the younger is Cyril. They dreamed of writing books understandable to the Slavs, and for this it was necessary to come up with Slavic letters.
Children:
1. 1. In a narrow monastery cell,
In four blank walls
About the land of ancient Russian
The story was written by a monk.
2. 2. He wrote in winter and summer,
Illuminated by dim light.
He wrote from year to year
About our great people.
Educator 2. After a while, the brothers created an alphabet, which they called Cyrillic. Each letter had its own name: "Az", "Buki", "Vedi". The names of the letters were supposed to remind people of such words that should not be forgotten: “good”, “live”, “earth”, “people”. (show pictures of letters).
The boy Vanya looks at the Old Slavonic letters, admires them:
- Oh, what wonderful letters!
Looks beautiful and old!
They were once important
Now no one needs them.
Letters run in to the music (children have crowns with Cyrillic letters).
Vanya surprised: -Who are you?
Letters:
1. I am the letter Izhitsa,
2. I am fita
3. I am xi,
4. I am a psycho
5. I am yat.
Vanya: You are beautiful and old times blow from you,
But our alphabet has changed.
I am very sorry and very sad,
That you disappeared from our letters.
Letters:
1. What does disappeared mean?
That we are not important?
Do you need old stuff?
2. A kerosene lamp is also junk,
But you didn't throw it away.
Vanya: - This is my grandmother's mother, by the light of this lamp, she wrote letters to her great-grandfather to the front.
Letters:
3. 1. These things have become rare,
This is the memory of our ancestors.
4. Well, we are the same memory,
We cannot be forgotten and we cannot be abandoned.
Us Pushkin, Lermontov wrote,
And illuminated our path with the light of letters.
5. 2. We live in old books,
And not only beautiful in appearance,
We keep the Orthodox spirit
We will be on guard of our church.
Educator 1. Holy Scripture The Bible is the books of the Old and New Testaments. They indicate how to live, what it means to be an Orthodox Christian.
They leave.
The song "God loves all people."
Children:
1. 1. In Russia, Africa and England.
Read the Gospel with joy.
There is no better book in the world -
All children should know about this.
And for those who love the word of God,
The Lord will always help in everything.
Headache!
Instead of "bun" - it turned out "beech",
Instead of "Murka" - it turned out "flour".
Here is torment so torment!
Teaching is not given to me.
I'm not crying, I'm holding on
Often I pray to the Lord.
The song "Put Your Stone"
1. 1. Mother of God! Holy Virgin!
You taught the baby Christ
Inspire us to do good
The sounds of letters came to our lips.
2. 2. Enlighten, Mother of God, peoples,
Who don't have books yet
Give them faith, love and freedom
And the teachings of the Christian light.
3. 3. (Prayer "Theotokos, Virgin, rejoice")
Theotokos, Virgin, rejoice, Gracious Mary, the Lord is with you: blessed are you in women, and blessed is the fruit of your womb, as if you gave birth to our souls the Savior.
Educator 2. Rus' is rich in talents.
Rus' is strong with talents.
If the boys sing
So she will live.
Song "Spring".
Riddles: Not a bush, but with leaves.
Not a shirt, but sewn
Not a person, but tells (book).
Black Ivashka,
Wooden shirt.
Where to go -
There remains a trace (pencil).
On the alphabet page
Thirty-three heroes.
Wise men - heroes
Knows every literate (alphabet).
Black, beautiful, all mute from birth.
They will stand in a row - now they will speak. (letters)
Song "Vesnyanka"
Educator 1. Now meet the modern alphabet (Two guys take out a poster with the alphabet).
1. 1. Everyone needs letters,
Letters are important to everyone
We form a word from them,
And from the word there will be speech!
People would not be able
If there were no letters
There would be no communication.
3. 3. Two brothers Cyril and Methodius,
We want to say thank you
For the letters that we really need
Lexical topic:"Slavic writing".
Target: Tell children about the emergence of writing. Show the children old things and tell them about their purpose. Tell about our ancestors, and introduce them to their way of life.
demo material: an old book, a model of a Russian stove, a spinning wheel, a coal iron, a chest, demonstration pictures.
Handout: pictures with the image of letters, goose feathers.
Course progress.
Children enter the hall to the music and become a semicircle.
Organizing time.
Invented by someone
Simple and wise
Say hello when you meet!
- Good morning!
- Good morning
Sun and birds!
- Good morning!
Welcoming faces!
And everyone becomes
Kind, trustworthy!
Good morning lasts until evening!
. - Guys, let's wish good morning to our guests and each other! And let the good mood not leave us all day long!
Main part
- I will also give you pictures for a good mood. See what's on them? What is shown on the other side? ( Letters). -
- What do you think these letters are? Does everyone have their own letter? (This is the first letter of my name).
Why are letters needed?
Children's answers. (Due to the fact that letters exist, we can read and write, as well as communicate with each other at a distance, write a letter, learn something new from a newspaper, or something interesting from a book.)
- Do you want to know how the letters appeared?
- Then now we will go on a journey, but not through cities and countries, but on a journey through time. We look into the distant past of our country. And we will find out how the letters appeared. But first, answer the questions.
- What is the name of our country where we live? (children's answers) [
- Do you know why our country has such a name?
For clear dawns, washed with dew,
For the Russian field with tall ears,
Over the rivers spilling in the blue flame
They called you in Slavic - Russia.
- Russia is our Motherland. What is Motherland? ( Motherland is the place where we were born and live. Motherland is like mother and father. Every person has one homeland.)
- Each person should remember where he comes from, who his ancestors are.
Exercise "pick up related words" to the word Motherland. ( Genus, born, motherland, pedigree, relatives, native).
Everyone is handsome with their article,
All different and all similar
You are now called - Russians,
Since ancient times, who are you?
children's answers (We are Slavs!)
Yes, we are Slavs! And Russians, and Ukrainians, and many other countries were called Slavs. We have a close culture, customs, writing. Many years ago Russia was called differently.
- What was the name of our country in ancient times? ( Rus), Yes. And our distant ancestors inhabited it.
- Who are the ancestors? ( These are people who lived many, many years ago, these are the grandfathers and grandmothers of our grandfathers and grandmothers.)
- Guys, in order for us to go back in time, I brought you an old book. It is magical and will help us find ourselves in the past. I will open it, and you close your eyes and repeat the magic words (music sounds)
Turn around, turn around
Move into the past.
Guys, here we are in the past.
Look around, how many old things are here.
Children examine antiques and talk about their purpose.
What do you see here? stove,) In each hut there was a stove.
- Why did the Slavs need a stove? (The stove not only heated the hut. They baked bread in it, cooked food for themselves and pets. Clothes, shoes, mushrooms, berries, small fish were dried on the stove. It was possible to sleep here. For this, a special stove bench was made on the stove. The stove was a source of light "When the fire in the stove flared up, it became light in the hut. The hostess and the owner sat down near the stove, and everyone went about their business. For example, the hostess spun yarn, and the owner wove baskets from twigs. Each hut had a mother oven, a nurse oven. "She not only warmed the dwelling, but also fed and treated people. There were also pots, cast-iron pots, tongs in the hut. In the Russian stove, cabbage soup, porridge, baked bread, pies were very tasty. The fire was saved in the stove. It was preserved even at night in the form of coals (If they moved to another house, they took the coals from the old stove with them and placed them in the new stove.)
- What else is here? Be sure to have spinning wheels in every peasant hut. When the autumn work in the fields ended, women and girls spun yarn to knit socks, mittens and other things. Previously, in a peasant's hut, they began to spin from childhood. The spinning wheel - a gift was carefully kept all his life and passed on as a great value to the next generation.)
What other things are there? Charcoal irons - they looked like small stoves: red-hot birch coals were laid inside the case, or they were heated on stoves. Since charcoal irons were heavy, ironing turned into the most intense strength exercise.).
- Each house had a chest, the more chests, the richer the family was considered. Let's take a closer look at the chest (I suggest that the children touch the chest).
- Try to describe it to me. In case of difficulty, leading questions are asked:
- What is the chest made of? ( wooden)
- What does the chest have? ( lid, walls, bottom, lock, handles)
- Try to move the chest without holding on to the handles. (Children try but fail)
- What chest? ( heavy)
- Guys, look, the lid is attached with iron hinges.
- What do you think, what is the lid for the chest for? ( things will not gather dust, clothes will not be visible, etc.)
- What do you think, why do you need a chest in the hut? . In the chest at the bottom were things, i.e. what was used on a case-by-case basis. Above were half-shawls, scarves, sweaters. And on top - the most interesting: embroidery, lace. The layers were covered with rags.
The Slavs were strong, hardy, hardworking. Every day was full of work worries. In those days, the forest was full of game, the rivers were rich in fish. The men were hunters and fishermen, while the women cooked, gardened, wove, sewed and spun.
Display of the picture "Life of the Slavs".
- The Slavs worked hard, but they loved to have fun, they loved to sing songs, dance and play. The tradition of the Russian people from generation to generation. Let's play a Russian folk game.
Golden Gate game.
But one thing upset the Slavs - they could not write and read. Writing is a real treasure that a person has mastered. So in ancient times, people exchanged information by sending each other various items. When people realized that exchanging message items is a troublesome business, they began to draw these items.
(Demonstration of rock paintings in the picture)
Such images have been found on the walls of caves where ancient people once lived. These are the first steps of man to the creation of writing. Gradually, people began to replace the drawings with symbols.
(Demonstration of rock symbols-letters in the picture)
The inscriptions were made on stones, rock, on the board. Of course, it was inconvenient to carry such “letters” over distances, and these signs could be understood in different ways. Time passed. Gradually, people moved from drawing to signs, which they began to call letters. This is how writing was born.
1. In wide Rus' - our mother
The bell ringing spills
Today the brothers Saints Cyril and Methodius
They are glorified for their work.
2. All nations that write in Cyrillic,
What are called from ancient times Slavic,
Praise the feat of the first teachers,
Christian enlighteners.
Picture display (Cyril and Methodius)
The two brothers Cyril and Methodius, who were famous for their scholarship, knew many languages, were entrusted with such a difficult task - the creation of the alphabet. They worked from early morning until night, when their eyes were already rippling from fatigue. And finally, the work was completed. The alphabet appeared, in honor of one of the brothers - Cyril, it received the name - Cyrillic.
Cyrillic display
Singing the word in chorus: Cyrillic
Even in the old days, the Slavic peoples celebrated the memory of the holy brothers, but later the celebration was forgotten. Now this holiday has returned in Russia and in other states. This holiday is celebrated on May 24 and is called the Day of Slavic Writing and Culture. On this day, they remember the brothers - Cyril and Methodius, the creators of the alphabet. A monument was erected in their honor in Moscow
Show the monument in the picture.
What proverbs do you know about writing?
A mind without a book is like a bird without wings..
-What does this proverb mean?
Gold is mined from the earth, and knowledge from the book.
Can you explain to me the meaning of this proverb?
A good book is not hard to read.
What does this proverb tell us?
I suggest you play one more Russian folk game,
which is called "handkerchief".
Handkerchief game.
You will pass the handkerchief to the music and dance, as soon as the music stops, the one who has the handkerchief in his hands says a tongue twister.
Children sit on chairs.
Display of the Slavic alphabet
- Each letter stands for a whole word. Z-land, l-people. Etc
Now our alphabet is simple and convenient.
- Let's sit down at the tables now and circle the letters of our alphabet. The guys in ancient Rus' wrote the Slavs with goose feathers. They dipped the tip of the pen in chenille and wrote, and you and I will also write with feathers. (Music sounds).
What letters did you circle?
- Make a word out of it?
- Read this word? (alphabet)
- Thanks to the holy brothers Cyril and Methodius for giving us the Slavic alphabet and letters that teach us. Guys, it's time for us to go back to kindergarten. Let's stand in a circle and repeat the magic words, and I will close my magic book.
Turn around, turn around
Move into the present.
Outcome.
- Did you enjoy our trip?
- Now do you know where the letters came from?
- Who created the Slavic alphabet?
- What did you like the most?
- I also prepared gifts for you, and what you will guess if you answer my question, what we are writing now.
Let's say goodbye to our guests,
Thank you for your attention.
Program tasks: to acquaint children with the holiday of Slavic writing, with Saints Cyril and Methodius. To expand children's understanding of the cultural heritage of our people. Develop creativity, imagination, attention, memory. To promote the development of interest, love for the book.
Materials: photos of Cyril and Methodius, slides depicting Latin letters, the Old Slavonic alphabet, the modern alphabet.
The course of educational activities.
teacher
Not everyone knows that today
We celebrate the day of Cyril and Methodius.
For those who hear their names for the first time,
Let's start this long story...
In our wide Rus', mother,
The bell ringing is spreading.
Now brothers Saints Cyril and Methodius
They are glorified for their work.
They remember Cyril and Methodius,
Brothers of the glorious Equal-to-the-Apostles,
In Belarus, Macedonia,
In Poland, Czech Republic and Slovakia.
Praise the wise brothers in Bulgaria,
In Ukraine, Croatia, Serbia.
All nations that write in Cyrillic,
What are called from ancient times Slavic,
Praise the feat of the first teachers,
Christian enlighteners.
Today we will talk about our history, about the emergence of Slavic writing. Every year on May 24, Russia celebrates the Day of Slavic Literature and Culture. A nation, a people, a state cannot live without culture, literacy, writing.
Writing is a real treasure that a person has mastered.
So in ancient times, people exchanged information by sending each other various objects. It turned out cumbersome and not particularly clear. When people realized that exchanging message items is a troublesome business, they began to draw these items.
Such images have been found on the walls of caves where ancient people once lived. These are the first steps of man to the creation of writing. Gradually, people began to replace the drawings with symbols.
Then Tsar Michael called two learned brothers - Cyril and Methodius, and the Tsar persuaded them and sent them to the Slavic Land.
The brothers were famous for their scholarship, knew many languages, so they were entrusted with such a difficult task - the creation of the alphabet. This is how the Slavic alphabet appeared, which later became known as the Cyrillic alphabet (in honor of Constantine, who, having taken monasticism, received the name Cyril). It has 43 letters.
Think, guys, on what they could write in Rus'. This material is from a tree - a symbol of Russia. That's right, this is birch bark, which is called "birch bark" (showing birch bark). To prepare the birch bark, it is necessary to clean the future page from the hard bark, straighten it, and dry it. The pointed end of the stick (showing sticks) - it is called “wrote”, letters are scratched, and a random mistake can be erased with a blunt end. Such a letter was called - a birch bark letter. Archaeologists find during excavations letters or letters written on birch bark, which are more than 800 years old. Literacy has always and at all times been needed by people. What is written is preserved forever. The light birch seemed to remind people:
- Learning is light and ignorance is darkness.
Birch is the favorite tree of the Slavs.
You and I, guys, are Russian people, Slavs. The Slavic alphabet is called Cyrillic after the name of St. Cyril Equal to the Apostles, who compiled this alphabet and created writing for the Slavic peoples. Saint Cyril and his holy brother Methodius are called teachers of the Slavs. Now there are 33 letters in Russian.
Let us glorify these letters!
Let them come to the children.
And be famous
Our Slavic alphabet!
Puzzles
1. Black, crooked, all mute from birth,
They will stand in a row - now they will speak. (Letters)
2. I know everything, I teach everyone,
But I am always silent.
To make friends with me
We must learn to read and write. (Book)
3. Wooden Ivashka
All my life in one shirt
On the white field will pass -
Every trace will understand him. (Pencil).
4.Steel skate
Runs across the white field
Leaves black marks behind it. (Pen, wrote).
5. There is a house.
Whoever enters it will acquire the mind. (School).
6. Black birds
On every page.
Silent, waiting
Who will read them. Letters.
7. Now I'm in a cage, then in a line.
Feel free to write on them!
You can also. draw.
What am I? .... (Notebook)
Wise thoughts are preserved in Russian proverbs.
* Primer - a step to wisdom.
*Gold is mined from the earth, and knowledge from the book.
* A book is to the mind what warm rain is to seedlings.
*A mind without a book is like a bird without wings.
* An illiterate person is like a blind man, but a book opens his eyes.
Thanks to the creators of the Slavic alphabet, Cyril and Methodius, the Slavic peoples became literate, learned to read and write. And now on this day, May 24, we are celebrating the “Day of Slavic Writing.” Do you think it is difficult to write such letters? Do you want to try writing Old Church Slavonic letters?
Didactic game "Collect the word"
