The poem "Mtsyri" is one of the main works of M. Yu. Lermontov. The problematic of the poem is primarily connected with the theme of freedom and will, the conflict of dreams and reality, loneliness and exile. Many features depicted in the main character were inherent in the author himself. The young novice Mtsyri was proud, freedom-loving, desperate and fearless. The only thing that interested him was the nature of the Caucasus and his native lands.
Due to the fact that he was born in a mountain village, his heart will forever remain there, next to his family and friends. As a child, the boy was excommunicated from his parents and, by the will of fate, ended up in a monastery, the walls of which became a real prison for him. All the time spent there, he dreamed of a free life, such as his soul. Once Mtsyri was still able to escape from the walls of the monastery and spend three days in the bosom of nature.
This time was the happiest period in his life. Even if he knew in advance that he was destined to die in the wild, he would still have decided to take this desperate step. For three days of free life, he managed to fully reveal himself and his personal qualities. He matured, got stronger and became even bolder.
He met a young Georgian woman on his way, whose voice remained forever in his heart. He met a mighty leopard, with whom he entered into an unequal battle. He was able to overcome dense forests, high mountains and fast rivers without fear. However, he did not reach one edge, as he was badly wounded by the beast. And yet these three days opened his eyes to many things. Mtsyri remembered the faces of his parents, his father's house in the gorge of a mountain village.
Returning to the monastery, he confessed to the old monk who had once saved him from death. Now he was dying again, but this time from his wounds. He had no regrets about those three days spent at large. The only thing that bothered him was the fact that he was never able to hug his relatives for the last time. The last request of the novice was to bury him in the garden with his face towards his native aul.
Plan
Introduction
The story of the captivity and life of Mtsyri.
Main part
Three days of wandering - the most vivid impressions of the hero's life:
a) the beauty of nature;
b) meeting with a Georgian girl;
c) a battle with a leopard.
Mtsyri realized that "there will never be a trace to the homeland."
The hero does not regret the three days spent wandering.
Conclusion
The life of the hero "without these three blessed days would be sadder and gloomier ...".
Poem by M.Yu. Lermontov "Mtsyri" is dedicated to the events in the Caucasus in the 30-40s of the XIX century. Mtsyri is a captive child from a mountain tribe, weakened and sick. The Russian general leaves him in a Georgian monastery in the care of the monks. They managed to cure the child, he was baptized, called "Mtsyri", which means "novice". It seemed that Mtsyri was accustomed to living in a monastery, resigned himself to his fate and was even preparing to take a monastic vow, but “suddenly one day he disappeared.” Only three days later they found him, insensible, in the steppe and brought him back.
What did Mtsyri tell about his wanderings during these three days? These were the brightest impressions of his life. All that he was deprived of appeared before him in all its glory. The beauty of nature, "lush fields", hills, mountain streams struck the young man. “God's garden bloomed all around me,” he tells the monk. Even more struck was his meeting with a Georgian girl. Let “her outfit was poor”, but “the darkness of her eyes was so deep, so full of the secrets of love, that my ardent thoughts were confused ...” - the young man recalls. Finally, the battle with the leopard became the strongest shock for him: “... the heart suddenly lit up with a thirst for struggle and blood ...” Armed only with a horned tree bough, Mtsyri shows miracles of courage and strength in this battle. He enjoys the fury of the battle and convinces himself that "maybe in the land of his fathers he is not one of the last daring ones."
Of course, all these impressions tired and exhausted his strength. He's not ready to escape, practically or physically. He does not know the way, did not stock up on food. Therefore, then wandering through the mountains begins, a breakdown, a delusional dream. Seeing familiar places and hearing the ringing of a bell, Mtsyri realized that he was doomed, “that I would never be able to lay a trace back to my homeland.” But he does not regret the three days spent wandering. They contained everything that was not in his life before, all his missed opportunities: freedom, the beauty of the world, the longing for love, the fury of the struggle.
Do you want to know what I did
At will? Lived - and my life
Without these three blessed days
It would be sadder and gloomier
Your powerless old age, -
Mtsyri says to the monk in his dying confession. Life is a feat, life is a struggle - this is what the rebellious soul of the hero needed, and it is not his fault that only these three days were realized in his life.
“Do you want to know what I saw / In the wild?” - this is how Mtsyri, the hero of the poem of the same name by M. Lermontov, begins his confession. As a very young child, he was locked up in a monastery, where he spent all his conscious years of his life, never seeing the big world and real life. But just before the tonsure, the young man decides to escape, and a huge world opens up before him. For three days at will, Mtsyri learns this world, trying to make up for everything previously lost, and the truth learns during this time more than others in a lifetime.
What does Mtsyri see in the wild? The first thing he feels is joy and admiration from the nature he has seen, which seems incredibly beautiful to the young man. Indeed, he has something to admire, because he has magnificent Caucasian landscapes in front of him. “Lush fields”, “fresh crowd” of trees, “fancy as dreams” mountain ranges, “white caravan” of bird-clouds - everything attracts the curious look of Mtsyra. His heart becomes “easy, I don’t know why”, and the most precious memories awaken in him, which he was deprived of in captivity. Pictures of childhood and native village, close and familiar people pass before the inner gaze of the hero. Here, the sensitive and poetic nature of Mtsyri is revealed, who sincerely responds to the call of nature, opens up to meet her. It becomes clear to the reader watching the hero that he belongs to those natural people who prefer communication with nature to rotation in society, and their soul has not yet been corrupted by the falsity of this society. The image of Mtsyra in this way was especially important for Lermontov for two reasons. Firstly, the classic romantic hero should have been characterized in a similar way, as a person close to the wild. And, secondly, the poet contrasts his hero with his environment, the so-called generation of the 1830s, most of whom were empty and unprincipled young people. For Mtsyra, three days of freedom became a whole life, full of events and inner experiences, while Lermontov's acquaintances complained of boredom and burned their lives in salons and at balls.
Mtsyri continues on his way, and other pictures open before him. Nature is revealed in all its formidable power: lightning, downpour, the "threatening abyss" of the gorge and the noise of the stream, similar to "angry hundreds of voices." But there is no fear in the heart of the fugitive, such a nature is even closer for Mtsyra: “I, like a brother, would be glad to embrace the storm!”. For this, a reward awaits him: the voices of heaven and earth, "shy birds", grass and stones - everything surrounding the hero becomes clear to him. Stunning moments of communication with wildlife, dreams and hopes in the midday heat under the incredibly clean - so that one could even see an angel - the sky Mtsyri is ready to experience again and again. So he again feels life and its joy in himself.
Against the backdrop of beautiful mountain landscapes, Mtsyri also sees his love, a young Georgian girl. Her beauty is harmonious and combines all the best natural colors: the mysterious blackness of the nights and the gold of the day. Mtsyri, living in a monastery, dreamed of a homeland, and therefore he does not succumb to the temptation of love. The hero goes forward, and then nature turns to him with her second face.
Night falls, the cold and impenetrable night of the Caucasus. Only the light of a lonely sakli glows faintly somewhere in the distance. Mtsyri recognizes hunger and feels loneliness, the very same that tormented him in the monastery. And the forest stretches and stretches, surrounds Mtsyri with an "impenetrable wall", and he realizes that he is lost. Nature, so friendly to him during the day, suddenly turns into a terrible enemy, ready to lead the fugitive astray and laugh cruelly at him. Moreover, she, in the guise of a leopard, directly stands in the way of Mtsyri, and he has to fight with an equal being for the right to continue on his way. But thanks to this, the hero learns hitherto unknown joy, the joy of fair competition and the happiness of a worthy victory.
It is not difficult to guess why such metamorphoses occur, and Lermontov puts the explanation into the mouth of Mtsyri himself. “It’s the heat, powerless and empty, / The game of dreams, the disease of the mind,” this is how the hero speaks of his dream of returning home to the Caucasus. Yes, for Mtsyra, the homeland means everything, but he, who grew up in prison, will no longer be able to find a way to her. Even a horse that has thrown off a rider returns home, ”Mtsyri exclaims bitterly. But he himself, grown in captivity, like a weak flower, lost that natural instinct that unmistakably prompts the way, and got lost. Mtsyri is delighted with nature, but he is no longer her child, and she rejects him, as a pack of weak and sick animals rejects. The heat scorches the dying Mtsyri, a snake rustles past him, a symbol of sin and death, she rushes about and jumps, “like a blade”, and the hero can only watch this game ...
Mtsyri was free for only a few days, and he had to pay for them with death. And yet they did not pass fruitlessly, the hero knew the beauty of the world, love, and the joy of battle. That is why these three days for Mtsyra are more valuable than the rest of existence:
Do you want to know what I did
At will? Lived - and my life
Without these three blessed days
It would be sadder and gloomier ...
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