So let's go!
Pour in the first number
Believe it or not, in the old school, students were flogged every week, regardless of who was right and who was wrong. And if the “mentor” overdoes it, then such a spanking was enough for a long time, until the first day of the next month.
All tryn grass
The mysterious “tryn-grass” is not at all some kind of herbal drug that is drunk so as not to worry. At first it was called “tyn-grass”, and tyn is a fence. The result was “fence grass”, that is, a weed that no one needed, indifferent to everyone.
Goal like a falcon
Terribly poor, beggar. Usually they think that we are talking about a falcon bird. But she's not here. In fact, the “falcon” is an old military wall-beating weapon. It was a completely smooth (“bare”) cast-iron ingot, mounted on chains. Nothing extra!
Orphan Kazan
So they say about a person who pretends to be unhappy, offended, helpless in order to pity someone. But why is the orphan "Kazan"? It turns out that this phraseological unit arose after the conquest of Kazan by Ivan the Terrible. Mirzas (Tatar princes), being subjects of the Russian Tsar, tried to beg him for all sorts of indulgences, complaining about their orphanhood and bitter fate.
unlucky person
In the old days in Rus', "the way" was called not only the road, but also various positions at the prince's court. The falconer's path is in charge of princely hunting, the trapping path is dog hunting, the equestrian path is carriages and horses. The boyars, by hook or by crook, tried to get a way from the prince - a position. And to those who did not succeed, they spoke of those with disdain: an unlucky person.
Inside out
Now it seems to be quite a harmless expression. And once it was associated with a shameful punishment. During the time of Ivan the Terrible, a guilty boyar was put back to front on a horse in clothes turned inside out and in this form, disgraced, was driven around the city to the whistle and ridicule of the street crowd.
lead by the nose
To deceive, promising and not fulfilling the promise. This expression was associated with fairground entertainment. The gypsies led the bears by wearing a nose ring. And they forced them, the poor fellows, to do various tricks, deceiving them with the promise of handouts.
Scapegoat
This is the name of a person who is blamed for someone else's fault. The history of this expression is as follows: the ancient Jews had a rite of absolution. The priest laid both hands on the head of a living goat, thereby, as it were, shifting the sins of the whole people onto him. After that, the goat was driven out into the wilderness. Many, many years have passed, and the rite no longer exists, but the expression lives on.
Sharpen laces
Lassy (balusters) are chiseled curly columns of railings at the porch. Only a real master could make such beauty. Probably, at first, “sharpening balusters” meant having an elegant, bizarre, ornate (like balusters) conversation. But craftsmen to conduct such a conversation by our time became less and less. So this expression began to denote empty chatter.
Nick down
If you think about it, the meaning of this expression seems cruel - you must admit, it is not very pleasant to imagine an ax next to your own nose. In fact, everything is not so sad. In this expression, the word "nose" has nothing to do with the organ of smell. "Nose" was called a commemorative plaque, or a tag for records. In the distant past, illiterate people always carried with them such boards and sticks, with the help of which all kinds of notes or notches were made as a keepsake.
Break a leg
This expression arose among hunters and was based on the superstitious idea that with a direct wish (both down and feather), the results of the hunt can be jinxed. Feather in the language of hunters means a bird, fluff means animals. In ancient times, a hunter going fishing received this parting word, the “translation” of which looks something like this: “Let your arrows fly past the target, let the snares and traps you set remain empty, just like the hunting pit!” To which the miner, in order not to jinx it, also replied: “To hell!”. And both were sure that the evil spirits, invisibly present at this dialogue, would be satisfied and leave behind, would not plot during the hunt.
Beat the thumbs
What are "backcloths", who and when "beats" them? For a long time handicraftsmen have been making spoons, cups and other utensils from wood. To cut a spoon, it was necessary to chip off a chock - a baklusha - from a log. Apprentices were entrusted with preparing buckwheat: it was an easy, trifling matter that did not require special skills. Cooking such chocks was called “beating bucks”. From here, from the ridicule of the masters over the auxiliary workers - "bottlenecks", our saying went.
Proverbs are the great heritage of our ancestors, which has been passed down from mouth to mouth for generations. In these small sayings lies deep wisdom that can reveal the essence of many things. And yet, despite the fact that proverbs and sayings are used regularly in conversation, many still cannot realize how useful they are.
There are a huge number of these short sayings. Some are for adults, others are more suitable for children. They also differ both in style of presentation and in subject matter ... However, let's talk about everything in order.
Proverbs are...
To begin with, many are not familiar with the definition of this concept. Perhaps this will seem like a small omission, but the question arises: “How then to understand that this expression is precisely a proverb?” In order to avoid similar situations in the future, we will give the most common interpretation.
So, proverbs are short statements in which a moralizing context is clearly visible. Most often, these formulations are limited to one sentence, less often two, but short. Another pointer is the absence of the author, since they were all created by the people.
Also in proverbs one can trace the rhyme, thanks to which such an expression is read or said in one breath. To achieve this effect, word order is carefully selected, and dissonant parts are replaced with synonyms or metaphors.
Who came up with proverbs?
As mentioned earlier, proverbs are a small form. But this does not always mean that figurative sayings were invented by "the whole world." No, in reality, it often happens that someone accidentally used an interesting expression in their conversation, the second liked it, then the third, and so on, until the whole district starts using it. Over the years, the memory of the real author is erased, and the proverb becomes popular.
But it also happens that proverbs and sayings were created not by one person, but by a whole social group. This was necessary so that the acquired experience and knowledge would not be lost over the years. In such cases, the author of proverbs and the truth is the people.
Why are proverbs needed?
The value of proverbs in people's lives can hardly be overestimated, because they, like invisible teachers, carry the truth. Some sayings talk about how to behave correctly, others remind you of the importance of health, and others ridicule vices.
For example, the proverb “The eye is turquoise, but the heart is soot” reminds us that external and spiritual beauty are not always the same thing. The second example: "In a smart conversation, gain your mind, in a stupid one - lose your own." Or “Whoever you lead, from that you will gain.” As you can see, proverbs reflect the existing realities of life in a simple and accessible form. This helps not only to capture their essence, but also improves perception.
You can use them in everyday life, for example, in order to brighten up a conversation. It is even more reasonable to use proverbs as examples that can suggest a path to solving important issues.
How to save proverbs from oblivion
Over the years, many proverbs go into the shadows, which is a very sad fact. There are quite a few reasons for this. But the main problem is that he is practically not interested in oral art, and in particular folklore. But this is such a treasure trove.
Only their parents and teachers can correct the situation by constantly reminding children of the importance of proverbs. At the same time, it is not necessary to force them to read, and even more so to force them to memorize. It will be enough to use proverbs in everyday conversation, wondering if the child understood the meaning of this or that statement.
In addition, there are modern proverbs for more advanced guys. For example, “They don’t climb into someone else’s car with their own cassette” or “Lady from a stagecoach - a pony is easier.” It sounds a bit shocking to the older generation, but how understandable to the youth! Such an interpretation will not only help to sow in the heart of the child a craving for folk metaphorical statements, but will also enable parents to learn something new for themselves.
A literate and self-respecting person is characterized by beautiful figurative speech, especially if he has a good attitude towards his native language and draws inspiration from Russian folklore. Such a speaker can always interest others, and you will want to listen to him more than once.
People who have poor vocabulary, on the contrary, it is much more difficult to gain the authority of the audience, therefore, everyone needs to know the language you speak and understand the wisdom of the ancestors, collected over the centuries. Often, to decorate speech, a person uses phraseological units, sometimes without even noticing it, in order to more accurately express their own feelings, sensations and thoughts.
The meaning of the expression
For the first time this fixed expression was recorded in 1853 and listed in the explanatory dictionary of the living Great Russian language by Vladimir Ivanovich Dahl. Phraseologism was assigned to one of the sections of the dictionary called "a lot - a little."
As a rule, this phrase refers to a modest, not conspicuous, rather unsightly person or a small object that, in fact, can turn out to be very valuable, interesting, worthy of attention and respect. They also say this about people of small stature, but with a lot of good qualities and a special value for society.
What does the word "gold" mean?
In Tsarist Russia, this was the name of the standard (measure of weight) for weighing precious metals. It was equal to 4.26 grams, so the most common weights at that time for measuring the mass of silver and gold weighed exactly that much. At that time it was a very small measure of weight, but it had especially valuable qualities.
In addition, in Kievan Rus, a small gold coin was called a spool, the weight of which was 1/741 pounds. But in the last years of its existence, it reached 1/96 of a pound.
When the Great October Revolution took place, the new government rejected such measures of weight and replaced them with new ones, which are still used to this day.
Proverb explanation
The meaning of such an expression is precisely that one should not judge the nature and value of an object by the outer shell, because first you need to look into its “inner world”. Often judged by "clothes" - a very thankless task, and sometimes even harmful.
It can be argued that the purpose of this saying is to emphasize the value and importance of the subject, not in its physical strength or large dimensions, but in its significance to others.
Synonyms of saying
It's funny that as an ironic antonym to this phrase, the folk expression "Small bug, but stinky" is often used, meaning the opposite meaning of the proverb about the spool, which does not need to be explained.
For students
The school curriculum often offers tasks according to the description such phraseological units as "Small spool and expensive", it happens that it is necessary to find synonyms, antonyms for this phrase or write an essay on the topic of folk sayings.
Then the student should present a case from his own life or come up with a situation where the meaning of such an expression is revealed and convey his understanding of phraseology.
It turns out that this wise proverb can be used in any area of human life and has not lost its relevance to this day!
Proverbs and sayings are arranged alphabetically.
HOW DOES A PROVERB DIFFER FROM A SAYING? Everything is very simple:
A proverb is an independent complete sentence that carries a meaning. (Example: Without difficulty, you can’t even pull a fish out of the pond. There's a meaning? Yes, it takes effort to get results.
A proverb is a word or phrase (two or three words) that characterizes a person, an act, or some situation. Almost never used on its own. Used in conversations for variety, humor, characterization of a person, or deed. (Example: Easy to remember - just remembered about him, he appeared. Not salty slurping - come back with nothing. Fool around - do nothing, pretend.)
P.S. All interpretations of the meaning of proverbs and sayings are exclusively subjective and do not claim to be the Universal Truth, and are also copyright property, which is protected by the Copyright Law. When using material in other sources, be sure to refer to this site.
If you need to decipher a particular proverb, write it in the comments.
Have fun!
And Vaska listens and eats. (Quote from the fable of I. A. Krylov. The meaning of the saying is that one speaks, explains, interprets, tries to “get through to Vaska”, and Vaska misses everything and does everything in his own way.)
And nothing has changed. (Quote from the fable of I. A. Krylov. The meaning of the saying is that, despite all the talk and promises in any case, nothing has been done except chatter.)
And where is cabbage soup, look for us here too (A Russian proverb means that a person is trying to strive to where it is good, where there is a well-fed, rich life.)
And the casket just opened. (Quote from the fable of I.A. Krylov. It is said in the case when in fact everything was much simpler than people thought and did.)
And there at least the grass does not grow. (The meaning of the saying is that the person who said this phrase expresses complete indifference to what will happen after his act or any situation, and to those who suffer as a result of his actions.)
Aw, oh yeah. (The meaning of the saying is that the person speaking it does not want to do anything himself to improve or correct the situation, but simply waits for the situation to develop further on its own, without his participation. To be honest, a couple of times in Life such an attitude helped out, but only a couple of times....)))). In many cases, this attitude leads to bad consequences.)
You can see the diamond in the mud. (A proverb means: no matter how you look, but if you are a worthy person, then people will appreciate it with respect for you.)
Appetite comes with eating.
(They say in the case when there is no desire to do any business. The point is that as soon as you start a business, the desire to continue it will certainly come by itself.)
April with water - May with grass.
(The meaning of the proverb is that if there is a lot of rain in early spring, then all plants and crops will spoil very well.)
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Proverbs and sayings - it seems that this is something from deep childhood, from a colorful reading textbook for elementary school. And, at the same time, they remind of themselves every day, even if no one says them. Because they are life itself, its reflection. If you want, the “formulas” of life, which explain: if you do this, it will be so, but this happened for a reason ... After all, in proverbs - folk wisdom. The experience of generations, which does not depend either on the historical era, or on fashion, or on the political or economic situation. The only thing that this experience depends on is time, which enriches and fills it.
It is proverbs that can be called a storehouse of experience and wisdom in its purest form. This is a short saying, instructive in spirit and having a complete meaning. For example: “you can’t even catch a fish from a pond without difficulty.”
The proverb is something else. Rather, it is just a stable combination expressing some thought, concept instead of a word, or denoting a frequently repeated, recognizable phenomenon: “like two drops of water”, “like snow on your head”, “neither think, nor guess, can't describe with a pen...
So it was originally, so the oldest proverbs and sayings appeared. After all, there were times when even books were a huge rarity, and all that a person had was his own mind and speech.
Then, when literature, print, even television spread, the “author's” proverbs and sayings began to replenish the pantry of wisdom - catchphrases of the heroes of your favorite films, well-aimed turns in the texts of books ... But the meaning of proverbs and sayings in our life remained the same: a hint at a crossroads, consolation in trouble, a reminder of what must not be forgotten...
RUSSIAN PROVERBS AND SAYINGS: MEANING AND MEANING
All tryn grass
The mysterious "tryn-grass" is not at all some kind of herbal drug that is drunk so as not to worry. At first it was called "tyn-grass", and tyn is a fence. The result was “fence grass”, that is, a weed that no one needed, indifferent to everyone.
Pour in the first number
Believe it or not, in the old school, students were flogged every week, regardless of who was right and who was wrong. And if the “mentor” overdoes it, then such a spanking was enough for a long time, until the first day of the next month.
Goal like a falcon
Terribly poor, beggar. Usually they think that we are talking about a falcon bird. But she's not here. In fact, the “falcon” is an old military wall-beating weapon. It was a completely smooth (“bare”) cast-iron ingot, mounted on chains. Nothing extra!
Orphan Kazan
So they say about a person who pretends to be unhappy, offended, helpless in order to pity someone. But why is the orphan "Kazan"? It turns out that this phraseological unit arose after the conquest of Kazan by Ivan the Terrible. Mirzas (Tatar princes), being subjects of the Russian Tsar, tried to beg him for all sorts of indulgences, complaining about their orphanhood and bitter fate.
unlucky person
In the old days in Rus', "the way" was called not only the road, but also various positions at the prince's court. The falconer's path is in charge of princely hunting, the trapping path is dog hunting, the equerry's path is carriages and horses. The boyars, by hook or by crook, tried to get a way from the prince - a position. And to those who did not succeed, they spoke of those with disdain: an unlucky person.
Inside out
Now it seems to be quite a harmless expression. And once it was associated with a shameful punishment. During the time of Ivan the Terrible, a guilty boyar was put back to front on a horse in clothes turned inside out and in this form, disgraced, was driven around the city to the whistle and ridicule of the street crowd.
lead by the nose
To deceive, promising and not fulfilling the promise. This expression was associated with fairground entertainment. The gypsies led the bears by wearing a nose ring. And they forced them, the poor fellows, to do various tricks, deceiving them with the promise of handouts.
Scapegoat
This is the name of a person who is blamed for someone else's fault. The history of this expression is as follows: the ancient Jews had a rite of absolution. The priest laid both hands on the head of a live goat, thereby, as it were, shifting the sins of the whole people onto him. After that, the goat was driven out into the wilderness. Many, many years have passed, and the rite no longer exists, but the expression lives on.
Sharpen laces
Lyasy (balusters) are chiseled curly columns of railings at the porch. Only a real master could make such beauty. Probably, at first, “sharpening balusters” meant having an elegant, bizarre, ornate (like balusters) conversation. But craftsmen to conduct such a conversation by our time became less and less. So this expression began to denote empty chatter.
Grated roll
In the old days there really was such a kind of bread - “grated kalach”. The dough for it was kneaded, kneaded, “rubbed” for a very long time, which made the kalach unusually lush. And there was also a proverb - "do not grate, do not mint, there will be no kalach." That is, a person is taught by trials and tribulations. The expression comes from this proverb.
Nick down
If you think about it, the meaning of this expression seems cruel - you must admit, it is not very pleasant to imagine an ax next to your own nose. In fact, everything is not so sad. In this expression, the word "nose" has nothing to do with the organ of smell. "Nose" was called a commemorative plaque, or a tag for records. In the distant past, illiterate people always carried with them such boards and sticks, with the help of which all kinds of notes or notches were made as a keepsake.
Break a leg
This expression arose among hunters and was based on the superstitious idea that with a direct wish (both down and feather), the results of the hunt can be jinxed. Feather in the language of hunters means a bird, fluff - animals. In ancient times, a hunter going fishing received this parting word, the “translation” of which looks something like this: “Let your arrows fly past the target, let the snares and traps you set remain empty, just like the hunting pit!” To which the miner, in order not to jinx it, also replied: “To hell!”. And both were sure that the evil spirits, invisibly present at this dialogue, would be satisfied and leave behind, would not plot during the hunt.
Beat the thumbs
What are "backcloths", who and when "beats" them? For a long time handicraftsmen have been making spoons, cups and other utensils from wood. To cut a spoon, it was necessary to chip off a chock - a baklusha - from a log. Apprentices were entrusted with preparing buckwheat: it was an easy, trifling matter that did not require special skills. Cooking such chocks was called “beating bucks”. From here, from the mockery of the masters over the auxiliary workers - "bucketers", our saying went.
rub glasses
How can glasses be "rubbed"? Where and why? Such a picture would look very ridiculous. And the absurdity occurs because we are not talking about glasses at all, which serve to correct vision. There is another meaning of the word "points": red and black marks on playing cards. There is even a gambling card game, the so-called “point”. Ever since there were cards, there have been dishonest players, cheaters in the world. They, in order to deceive a partner, indulged in all sorts of tricks. By the way, they were able to quietly “rub glasses” - turn a seven into a six or a four into a five, on the go, during the game, gluing a “point” or covering it with a special white powder. And the expression “rubbing glasses” began to mean “cheating”, hence other words were born: “fraud”, “fraudster” - a dodger who knows how to embellish his work, pass off bad as very good.
After the rain on Thursday
Rusichi - the most ancient ancestors of Russians - honored among their gods the main god - the god of thunder and lightning Perun. One of the days of the week, Thursday, was dedicated to him (it is interesting that among the ancient Romans, Thursday was also dedicated to the Latin Perun - Jupiter). Perun offered prayers for rain in a drought. It was believed that he should be especially willing to fulfill requests on "his day" - Thursday. And since these prayers often remained in vain, the saying “After the rain on Thursday” began to apply to everything that is not known when it will be fulfilled.
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