A smuggler cannot be honest because he is engaged in illegal activities. Why does Pechorin call the smugglers honest? The answer can be found in the chapter "Taman".
Grigory admits that he becomes sad at the end of the description of the story that happened to him in Taman. Pechorin sees the remaining one blind boy crying. Janko and Ondine are carried away into the sea. For his work and devotion, the boy received a coin for a gingerbread. The reader feels sorry for the blind man, scared for Ondine, hurt for Pechorin.
Gregory himself understands what he has done. He compares himself to a stone thrown into a smooth spring. The epithet smooth corresponds to clean, calm. Smugglers go about their business to survive. Their squalid housing proves poverty and scarcity. The "peace circle" consists of several people, all of them cause only pity.
Yanko can be condemned, but his fate is unenviable: not everyone can race through the raging sea on a dark night. What will become of the old woman and the blind man, where will they find food for themselves?
Honest smugglers "A hero of our time", honesty, in this case, is a concern. Janko and Ondine tried to alleviate the plight of the disadvantaged. Pechorin interferes in their lives and forces the smugglers to leave the city chosen for life. They will manage and be able to find a new home for themselves, and a blind boy is unlikely to meet the same friends. The only way to be full is broken on the stone of the human soul, busy looking for entertainment for its mind.
Description of the presentation on individual slides:
1 slide
2 slide
Description of the slide:
help students analyze the third chapter of M.Yu. Lermontov's novel "A Hero of Our Time"
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Description of the slide:
How many stories does the novel "A Hero of Our Time" include? Features of the composition and genre of M.Yu. Lermontov's novel "A Hero of Our Time" Do the described events consistently develop? What is the nature of the composition of the novel? What is the task of the disturbed chronology of the novel? What is the innovation of the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov?
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Description of the slide:
Take Lermontov's story "Taman" - in it you will not find a word that could be thrown out or inserted; all of it from beginning to end sounds like one harmonic chord; what a wonderful language...! D.V. Grigorovich The story of M.Yu. Lermontov "Taman"
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Description of the slide:
M.Yu. Lermontov's story "Taman" Lermontov's story "Taman" was first published in 1840 in the second issue of the eighth volume of the journal "Domestic Notes" Who is the narrator in the story "Taman"? The narrator is Grigory Aleksandrovich Pechorin. We read Pechorin's journal - records of a personal nature, in which a person, knowing that they will not become known to others, can present not only external events, but also internal movements of his soul hidden from everyone. Pechorin was sure that he was writing "this magazine ... for himself", which is why he was so open in their description.
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Description of the slide:
The story of M.Yu. Lermontov "Taman" Changing the narrator Pechorin Maxim Maksimych examines the events as if through inverted binoculars and shows the general plan of events. As a storyteller, Pechorin has the greatest advantages, because. not only knows about himself more than others, but is also able to comprehend his thoughts, feelings and actions. The storyteller officer brings events closer, transfers from a general plan to a larger one, but he knows little
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Description of the slide:
“Taman is the nastiest little town of all the seaside towns of Russia. I almost died of starvation there, and besides, they wanted to drown me” Taman by M.Yu. What will an ordinary person do in moments of extreme physical fatigue? What does Pechorin do when he gets into a "bad" place? Why? Late night He began to demand He didn’t sleep for three nights He was exhausted He began to get angry Pechorin lays out things ... (?) Inspects the pier .. (?) Stands on the shore for a long time .. (?) Talks about people .. (?) Talks to the boy .. (?) Takes a weapon..(?)
8 slide
Description of the slide:
Once in an unfamiliar environment and in emergency situations, Pechorin makes mistakes and miscalculations. Which? How does he get out of trouble? What features of Pechorin's personality are manifested in the story of the "peaceful smugglers"? Show Pechorin's exceptional powers of observation, for example, in relation to a blind boy and a girl. What conclusion does the hero come to at the end of the story? How does this characterize him? The story of M.Yu. Lermontov "Taman"
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Description of the slide:
What character traits does Pechorin show in Taman? The story of M.Yu. Lermontov “Taman” The first meeting with a blind boy Observation of a girl and the first conversation with her The scene of “enchantment” by Pechorin with an undine Observation of the meeting of a blind man and Yanko Interest in a person Interest in the unusual in a person “Youthful passion” Sadness Interest in everything mysterious Decisiveness, courage The active principle makes you go on a date The ability to sympathize with someone else's grief
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Description of the slide:
Two worlds: Pechorin and smugglers The story of M.Yu. Lermontov "Taman" Pechorin and smugglers are united by a secret and a desire for it. Watching the crying boy, Pechorin realizes that he is just as lonely as the blind orphan. He has a feeling of unity of feelings, experiences, destinies. Both Pechorin and other heroes of the story are not perfect. All of them are infected with vices and passions. But Pechorin is not able to penetrate the environment of ordinary people. Here he loses his intellectual advantages of a civilized man, he is alien to the natural world and a life full of dangers.
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Description of the slide:
“Yes, and what do I care about human joys and misfortunes? ..” exclaims Pechorin ... Indeed, Pechorin’s activity is directed only at himself, it does not have a lofty goal, he is just curious. The hero is looking for real action, but finds its semblance, a game. He is annoyed with himself for the fact that, invading people's lives, he does not bring them joy, he is a stranger in this world. The story of M.Yu. Lermontov "Taman" Activity aimed at oneself, and is activity for a great goal?
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Description of the slide:
How do people treat an "unclean" place in the city? Why doesn’t it repel Pechorin, doesn’t scare, but attracts? Who in the story "challenges" Pechorin? What is the secret here? Why does Pechorin talk about what he saw at night to the blind man and the “undine”, but does not say anything to his batman? I decided to firmly get the key to this riddle "... M.Yu. Lermontov's story "Taman"
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Description of the slide:
“And why did fate throw me into a peaceful circle of honest smugglers? Like a stone thrown into a smooth spring, I disturbed their calmness, and like a stone almost sank by itself!” The hero is well aware that he rudely invaded someone else's life, violated its calm, slow flow, brought misfortune to people. Thus, Pechorin is clearly aware of his role in the fate of other people. Thoughts about this disturb him constantly, but in this story they are expressed for the first time. In addition, the moral result of these reflections is also important. Pechorin confirms the guess about his complete indifference to the misfortunes of other people: he does not see his personal guilt in what happened, shifting all responsibility to fate. The story of M.Yu. Lermontov "Taman" And again boredom, indifference, disappointment ...
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Description of the slide:
Pechorin and the past Pechorin does not want to remember the past. Lonely, yearning, embittered by misfortunes, he wants only one thing - to be left alone, not to be tormented by memories, hopes. Of course, he remembers everything and suffers from the memories. Pechorin runs not from Maxim Maksimych, but from his memories. The past seems to him unworthy of attention. And although he writes that his diary will be a "precious memory" for him, in the present he is indifferent to the fate of his notes. Pechorin and the present Pechorin's demeanor depicts a depressed person who does not expect anything from life. The meeting with Maxim Maksimych emphasizes the gulf between them - between the common man and the nobleman. In addition, the boredom inherent in Pechorin may indicate some of his indifference to his real life. His life has no purpose, he sees no way out either in the present or in the future. In this, as in many other things, Pechorin is typical of his time. The story of M.Yu. Lermontov "Taman" Pechorin and time
“Besides, what do I care about human joy and misfortune?”
M.Yu. Lermontov
In Lermontov's novel "A Hero of Our Time" a topical problem is solved: why do people, smart and energetic, not find application for their remarkable abilities and wither without a struggle at the very beginning of their career? Lermontov answers this question with the life story of Pechorin, a young man belonging to the generation of the 1930s. The composition, the plot of the work and the entire system of images are subordinated to the task of a comprehensive and deep disclosure of the personality of the hero and the environment that brought him up.
The story told in "Taman" has a vital basis. Lermontov was in Taman in 1837. He had to linger while waiting for the ship. The old Cossack woman Tsaritsykha mistook Lermontov for a secret spy who wants to find smugglers. Tsaritsykha's neighbor was a beautiful Tatar woman whose husband dealt with smugglers. And the blind boy Yashka was. All the facts of life appear before us in a different form.
The story "Taman" is an independent work of art and at the same time is part of the novel. It is written in the form of a diary, and this is no coincidence. If at the beginning of the novel the author seeks to show the contradictory actions of Pechorin, then later on the pages of the diary the secret and obvious motives of the hero’s actions are revealed, their reasons are analyzed.
It should be noted that in "Taman" the romantic elation of the narrative is harmoniously combined with the realistic depiction of the characters and life of free smugglers. For example, let's take a description of Yanko's portrait: "A man in a Tatar hat came out of the boat, but he had a Cossack haircut, and a large knife stuck out of his belt belt." And this detail (knife) reminds of the dangerous profession of a smuggler. Somehow it is very simply said about the prowess of Yanko. “What, blind man,” said the female gloss, “the storm is strong. Yanko will not. “Yanko is not afraid of the storm,” he answered. Following this dialogue, Lermontov draws a raging sea. “Slowly climbing the ridges of the waves, quickly descending from them, the boat approached the shore.” The description of the raging elements serves as a means of revealing the prowess of Yanko, for whom "everywhere there is a road, where only the wind blows and the sea makes noise." Not for the sake of love, he goes to the feat, but for the sake of profit. His stinginess is striking: the blind boy receives a small coin as a reward. And the old woman Yanko asks to convey "that, they say, it's time to die, healed, you need to know and honor." Fate does not bring Pechorin and this "honest" smuggler directly, but nevertheless, Yanko is forced to leave the "inhabited lands" precisely because of him. The heroes of the story are engaged in a dangerous trade - smuggling. Lermontov deliberately does not specify what exactly they are transporting through the strait and what they are taking overseas. "Rich goods", "the load was great" - we know nothing more. It is important for Lermontov to create in the reader a feeling of a dangerous, unusual life, full of anxieties.
Let's trace the relationship between Pechorin and the smugglers. Having settled in a hut where it is “unclean”, Pechorin does not think to be afraid, one might even say, he behaves thoughtlessly. On the very first night, he "got up, put on a beshmet ... quietly left the hut, seeing a shadow flash past the window." Why does he need this alien life? The answer is very simple. Everything is interesting to him, it is important, he needs to “touch” everything, probably, this is what attracts the character of Pechorin. He is young, looking for love. But the mysterious girl lured him into the boat, he "felt her fiery breath on his face" - and at the same moment the "mermaid" threw his pistol into the water. There is no longer an “undine”, there is an enemy with whom one must fight.
To top it all off, the blind boy robbed Pechorin with the knowledge of the girl, and this finally destroys the dreams in which our hero was. Yes, Pechorin is largely to blame: inexperience, inability to understand people. And what were the consequences of the phrase: “And if, for example, I decided to inform the commandant?” Both the old woman, and the blind boy, and the girl could not explain Pechorin's actions otherwise than by the desire to "bring to the commandant." After all, he walks, looks out, threatens. They do not understand that he is simply interested in these people, their lives. And this curiosity turned into the fact that Pechorin ruined the life of the smugglers and, moreover, he himself almost died. And when the blind boy began to cry, when the girl left forever with Yanko, then Pechorin was horrified by what he had done: “And why did fate throw me into the peaceful circle of honest smugglers? Like a stone thrown into a smooth spring, I disturbed their calmness, and, like a stone, I almost went to the bottom myself.
As for the artistic side of the story "Taman", it is simply impossible to overestimate it. But I would still like to define more specifically what the work is based on. These are "three pillars": accuracy, figurativeness, expressiveness. And what a selection of "talking details"! Here, for example, Pechorin enters in his travel journal: “... two benches and a table ... not a single image on the wall is a bad sign!” Looking at this poor environment, one can say that people live here temporarily, they are ready to leave their uncomfortable haven at any moment.
Or in the scene of a conversation between a girl and a blind man, we learn that the storm is strong, the fog is thickening. It would seem, what of that? But this is important for smugglers: not in all weather you can go "on business".
The reception of antithesis is interesting in the story. This is how the blind boy imagines the image of Yanko: "Yanko is not afraid of the sea or the wind." A sort of fairy-tale hero, a fearless hero. But Pechorin sees Yanko differently: “a man of medium height, in a Tatar ram’s hat,” came out of the boat, an ordinary person, not at all of a heroic appearance.
The combination of the sublime and the base in the story is also interesting. Here, romance coexists with the prose of life. The mysterious girl reminds Pechorin of a romantic heroine. But the "mermaid" sings her beautiful free song, standing on the roof of a miserable hut. The words of the girl addressed to Pechorin are mysterious, and the lamentations of the blind boy are pitiful: “Where did I go? ... With a knot? What a knot!
If we talk about the plot, it vaguely resembles the plot of Bela. A Russian young man meets a local "savage" girl and falls in love with her. The plot is typical for the literature of the Lermontov era. But in Taman everything is unconventional. The girl was supposed to fall in love with the visitor. But everything turns out to be a trick. Landscape sketches give the story a romantic flavor and, in contrast to the wretchedness of the "unclean place", open up to the reader an enchanting world of beauty and bliss.
The composition of the story is unique. The work opens and ends with the hero's judgments, testifying to the bitterness of the experience gained in this event, about an attempt to be indifferent to the people with whom fate confronts him.
A.P. Chekhov, with all the severity of his assessments, said: "I do not know the language better than Lermontov's ...".
I would like to add on my own that sometimes it becomes sad when in the modern book variety it is very difficult to choose reading for the soul. All this market "pulp" that surrounds us everywhere, screams and climbs into the eyes, is simply annoying. And, honestly, one little story "Taman" from "A Hero of Our Time" is already worth all this "book disgrace".
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Synopsis of a lesson in literature in grade 9 "Pechorin and smugglers"
During the classes
1. Introductory part of the lesson.
teacher's word : We continue to study the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov "The Hero of Our Time". In previous lessons, we analyzed the stories "Bela", "Maxim Maksimych". We saw Pechorin in a clash with the "savage" Bela, the highlanders Azamat and Kazbich, with the "good" Maxim Maksimychev. Lermontov shows that Pechorin is superior to them, is able to subordinate them to his will, or turns out to be morally nobler than them.
What is the difference between the narrative in "Taman" and the narrative in "Bel" and "Maxim Maksimych"?
(In "Bel" the narrow-minded, impenetrable Maxim Maksimych talks about Pechorin, and in the story "Maxim Maksimych" - a wandering officer, objectively, sympathetically), and in "Taman" the tragic confession of the hero begins to sound.
Our task: analyze the story "Taman", understand the inner world of the hero, who is the narrator here, find an explanation for his actions, feelings that possess him, and answer the question at the end of the lesson:
Why did Pechorin so passionately want and could not enter the circle of smugglers?
2. Heuristic conversation:
(Yes. Fast-paced plot. Sounds like a detective story.)
Why did Pechorin end up in Taman?
(Goes to the active detachment on official duty). He does not go of his own free will, but of official necessity.
Why does Pechorin write: “Taman is the nastiest little town of all the seaside towns of Russia”? Is there a detailed description of this town?
(No. Only a passing mention of dirty alleys and dilapidated fences).
(And the epithet "bad" probably reflects Pechorin's attitude to the events that took place in this place.)
And what are these events? How will Pechorin write about this in his diary? Read out.
(1. “I almost died of hunger there, and besides, they wanted to drown me.”
(2. "... a blind boy robbed me, and an 18-year-old girl almost drowned me")
Thus, ironically about what happened, the hero names the two main participants in the drama that has unfolded: a blind boy and a girl.
But is Taman really a “bad little town”? Read the landscapes aloud. Note the central images of these descriptions. What do they add to the story? And what can be said about Pechorin?
(Moon, month, clouds, restless sea. These are forces that fill the night with life. Landscapes give the story romance and mystery. Pechorin sees the beauty of nature and loves nature).
How do people treat an "unclean" place in the city?
(With prejudice, with fear, people are afraid: "unkind people" live there)
And why doesn’t Pechorin repulse, doesn’t scare the “unclean” place, but attracts? Why is he attracted to people in this place?
3. Group work. People living on the seashore, Pechorin's attitude towards them.
Tasks 1-2 groups. Tell about the old woman and the blind boy.
Orally draw portraits of heroes at the moment when Pechorin looks at them.
What is Pechorin's initial attitude towards the blind boy and the old woman?
How does Pechorin's attitude towards these characters change in the course of the story?
Tasks 3-4 groups. Tell about Janko and the Undine.
Orally draw portraits of the heroes at the moment when Pechorin looks at them.
What is Pechorin's initial attitude towards Yanko and Undine?
Prepare an expressive reading on the roles of the dialogue between the blind man and the girl when they are waiting for Yanko on the seashore.
Why did this “real” mermaid seem “charming” to Pechorin, although “she was far from beautiful”?
How does her appearance change in the boat when she wants to drown Pechorin? Motivate the choice of comparisons "... she, like a snake, slipped between my hands", "she, like a cat, clung to my clothes" ... ".
How did Pechorin's attitude towards these characters change in the course of the story?
4. Group performances.
Conclusions:
The blind boy first aroused Pechorin's prejudice. With his dexterity, he made him suspect in feigned blindness. At the end of the story, Pechorin calls him "poor blind" and showed him in sincere grief.
Yanko appears strong and fearless on the night when Pechorin is watching the “brave swimmer” with “an involuntary heartbeat”. At the end of the story, Janko turned out to be mercilessly cruel to the boy, the old woman. He retreats before the threat of a possible, as the undine thinks, denunciation to the authorities. Yanko's sober remarks about wages for work, about the place where rich goods are hidden, his stinginess in rewarding the blind dispel the legendary idea of \u200b\u200bthe "violent head".
Undine. First - a very sincere and passionate feeling for Yanko. The image of a girl - a smuggler is truly romantic. This girl is characterized by changeable moods, “quick transitions to complete immobility”, “she gazed into the distance, then laughed and reasoned with herself, then again hummed a song.” Her speeches are cryptic, and in form they are close to folk proverbs and sayings; her songs, reminiscent of folk, speak of her desire for freedom. There is a lot of vitality, courage, determination, poetry of "wild freedom" in the undine. A rich, peculiar nature, full of mystery, it is, as it were, created by nature itself for the free, risky life that she leads.
Admiring the strength, dexterity, courage of these people, Lermontov, faithful to the truth of life, reflects their meager spiritual world. Their aspirations and hourly worries are limited to easy money and deception of the authorities. Money determines their relationship. Janko and the girl become violent when it comes to dividing up stolen goods. The blind man receives only a copper coin from them. And the now unnecessary old woman Yanko orders to convey, "that, they say, it's time to die, it's healed, you need to know and honor."
5.Continuation of the heuristic conversation. How is Pechorin's attitude towards smugglers changing? Why interest in them, admiration give way to bitterness?
What made Pechorin watch the boy at night?
(Pechorin is still naive, gullible, makes mistakes, not seeing who is in front of him. The mystery of the situation, interest in a new circle of people for him, a thirst for activity.)
However, all this does not disturb and capture him so much that he forgets about what happened in the recent past. Reread the passage: “I wrapped myself in a cloak ...” What was Pechorin thinking about? What did he remember?
How did the appearance of the girl affect him?
How did the landscape affect him?
(This is a means of characterizing the hero. The landscape enhances the motive of loneliness)
Why does Pechorin talk about what he saw at night to the blind man and the undine and does not inform his orderly about this?
(Unusual people seem to him bold, spontaneous natures. He wants to get close to them. The mystery of their behavior promises exciting adventures.)
Why did Pechorin go for an undine at night?
("get the key to this riddle")
Did he believe her calls?
(No. Subsequently, he himself will say that he has long lived not with his heart, but with his head. When going on a date with an undine, he does not forget to take a pistol with him, to warn the Cossack orderly so that he, upon hearing a shot, runs ashore).
Why was rabies born in Pechorin and did he throw the girl into the waves?
(The beauty naively thought that, having charmed Pechorin, she would become the mistress of the situation. However, Pechorin is not like that, he knows the price of female coquetry. And yet he is embarrassed, really worried, he gets dizzy when a girl kisses him. On the one hand, he calls her behavior "a comedy, and on the other hand, she lends herself to her charm. He is able to deeply feel, experience, but does not stop analyzing for a minute. Now in the boat he has to fight for his life, and the girl for hers. Hopes for love turned into hostility, a date - a fight. It is these transformations that cause Pechorin's rage, and not just the desire to defend his life).
Why did Pechorin, who saw Yanko say goodbye to the blind man, “become sad”?
(The denouement is not at all romantic. All the heroes are alive. A half-deaf old woman and a blind boy are left to the mercy of fate. Pechorin sympathetically tells how long, long the poor blind man cried.)
What does Pechorin blame himself for and why does he call the smugglers "peaceful"?
(Having called the smugglers peaceful, Pechorin already denies them exclusivity and blames himself for the intrusion into their circle, which led to the disruption of their usual life, and he himself turned out to be unnecessary. Pechorin’s irony over himself “Isn’t it funny ...” indicates that the hero is aware of the futility of his actions.The feeling of the world as a mystery, a passionate interest in life are replaced by an attempt at alienation, indifference: "What happened to the old woman ...").
The desires and real positions of the hero are divided, and this turns out to be the cause of bitterness and self-irony.
How did Pechorin show himself in a collision with smugglers?
(He is an active participant in events, seeks to intervene in events, is not content with the role of a passive contemplator of life)
What aspects of Pechorin's character can be judged by the story "Taman"?
(Activity, desire for action, attraction to danger, perseverance, self-control, love of nature, observation).
Why, having such opportunities in character, in behavior, does Pechorin not seem happy?
None of Pechorin's actions, none of the manifestations of his will has a deep big goal. He is active, but neither he nor others need his activity. He seeks action, but finds only a semblance of it and receives neither happiness nor joy. He is smart, resourceful, observant, but all this brings misfortune to the people he encounters. There is no goal in his life, his actions are random, his activity is fruitless, and Pechorin is unhappy)
Homework: A written answer to the question: “Are Pechorin’s actions in Taman aimless?
The appearance of the "bad little town" has changed little since Lermontov's times
Today is a memorable day in the history of Russian poetry: 177 years ago, Mikhail Lermontov, a 27-year-old genius, was killed in a duel. His literary legacy seems to have been dismantled and examined to the line, to the pebble that trembled under the poet's feet. But who prevents us, ordinary grateful readers of Mikhail Yurievich, from going to the seaside town of Taman, which became famous precisely thanks to Lieutenant Lermontov?
Of course, the word "sang" is not quite suitable for our case. Even a resident of today's Taman, who is far from literature, will recite to you by heart these unattractive lines from Lermontov's story: "Taman is the nastiest town of all the coastal cities of Russia." And not at all because he considers this characterization fair, not at all! You just need to understand: although Taman Lermontov did not like almost two centuries ago, he nevertheless paid attention to her and even described what happened to him here in his famous story. The very one that Belinsky called "the pearl of Russian prose."
So we came to Taman not so much to bask on the Black Sea coast, but to try to join the events that are described in Taman. The narration, as you know, is conducted on behalf of the main character - Pechorin. But the story is largely autobiographical. Lermontov stayed in Taman for only three days. Arrived from Stavropol on September 24, 1837. From here he was going to make a voyage to Gelendzhik in order to join the detachment, which was to begin military operations against the highlanders. At that time, the arrival of Emperor Nicholas I was expected in Gelendzhik. However, in Taman Lermontov learned that the tsar had canceled the operation that was being prepared. Therefore, the exiled officer had no choice but to return to the Olginskoye fortress and from there go to Stavropol. Pechorin, by the way, came to Taman to also go from there by ship to Gelendzhik. We quote: “There are ships in the pier,” I thought, “tomorrow I will go to Gelendzhik.”
So, Lermontov stayed in Taman from 24 to 27 September. During this short time, a very romantic incident happened to him, which was partly described in Taman. They usually arrive in the city late at night. Lermontov was here after nine in the evening. In the dark, I got to Taman and Pechorin: "I arrived on a folding cart late at night." Like Pechorin, Lermontov arrived in Taman with a Cossack batman. Until now, it has not been exactly clarified with which of the local residents the young officer communicated. As one of the first researchers of his life and work P.I. Viskovaty, in Taman, the poet quarreled with the Cossack Tsaritsykha, who mistook him for a spy who allegedly followed the smugglers with whom she communicated. What happened and formed the basis of the story.
Later, local historians found that, most likely, Lermontov settled in the courtyard of the Cossack Fyodor Mysnik, who owned two huts. One, painted with white lime, was a little away from the coast: “A full moon shone on the reed roof and white walls of my new home.” Another hut, standing at the very edge of the sea, was completely dilapidated: “In the yard, surrounded by a cobblestone fence, another hut stood sideways, less and older than the first. The shore of the cliff descended to the sea almost at its very walls. Mysnik, in addition to grazing cattle, was engaged in fishing. He owned several longboats that smugglers hired from him.
We saw both houses and the barge lying on land when, having arrived in Taman, we went to the Lermontov Museum. Along with the tickets, they bought a thin book with the famous story at the box office. Lermontov's masterpiece served as our guide to the museum. In one of the houses there were “two benches and a table and a huge chest near the stove” mentioned in the story, which “made up all her furniture. There is not a single image on the wall ... ". In the story, in addition to the pistol drowned in the sea, “a box, a saber with a silver frame, a Dagestan dagger” disappeared. They became the prey of smugglers.
The same good was stolen from Lermontov himself. True, in his case, the letters and money in the box should be added to this list. Of the missing money, 300 rubles belonged to Martynov, the future killer of the poet. Martynov's parents sent them with Lermontov from Pyatigorsk. About what happened on October 5, 1837, Martynov wrote to his father from Yekaterinodar: “I received the three hundred rubles that you sent me through Lermontov, but no letters, because he was robbed on the road, and this money, invested in the letter, also disappeared; but, of course, he gave me his!”
Years later, Martynov's relatives, justifying their son, claimed that the poet had read the letters, which contained characteristics that were unflattering for him, and did not want to give them to Martynov. This fact, they say, was one of the reasons for the fatal duel. Be that as it may, the meeting with the "honest smugglers" turned out to be a masterpiece for Russian literature - and a tragedy for it as well.
To this day, the remains of the Phanagoria fortress, which Pechorin visited, have been preserved in Taman. And, of course, Lermontov could not help but visit there, because he was obliged to report on his arrival and mark the road. The fortress was built under the leadership of A.V. Suvorov. Now, near the ramparts, a monument has been erected in his honor. Another one is dedicated to the naval commander F.F. Ushakov. On the one hand, from the ramparts, there is a magnificent view of the sea, and on the other hand, a modern factory building that produces excellent varieties of Kuban wines. According to some sources, it was during the construction of the fortress that the famous Tmutarakan stone with one of the first inscriptions in the Old Russian language, now stored in the Hermitage, was discovered.
Lermontov stopped at the Phanagoria fortress during his second visit to Taman in 1840. There he met with the Decembrist Nikolai Ivanovich Lorer, gave him a letter and a book from his niece. They met in December 1840. A little more than six months remained before the death of the poet. Lorer wrote: “At that time I didn’t know anything about Lermontov, and at that time he didn’t print, it seems, anything significant, and“ A Hero of Our Time ”and his other works came out later.” Sad lines confirming that fame came to Lermontov after his death...
A drawing by Lermontov, which he made during his stay in Taman, has been preserved. It depicts a hut with a reed roof located on a steep cliff. She stands by the sea. Nearby is a boat with an oar. A three-masted ship and a sailboat can be seen in the distance. To the left of them is a cape with two peaks, which is now called Bald Mountain. Apparently, Lermontov drew attention to the house, walking on September 27, 1837 near the fortress, located three miles from Taman. So the pictured house is not the one in which the writer stayed during his arrival in Taman.
There is another place in Taman that legends associate with Lermontov. Modest at first glance, but revealing the magnificence of its architectural design upon closer examination, the Church of the Intercession of the Most Holy Theotokos was founded by the Cossacks in 1793. Rectangular, surrounded on three sides by porticos with Doric columns, it resembles an ancient temple - and at the same time looks like a ship. Approximately according to the same principle, the famous Parthenon temple in Athens and the church of Peter and Paul in Sevastopol were built. Next to the temple is a bell tower. There is a legend that one of her first ringers was a blind boy who became a character in the story.
P.S. Since Lermontov first visited Taman, its appearance has changed little. For decades, the little houses that lined the dusty streets slumbered in provincial silence. Major highways, including the road to the ferry to the Crimea, passed to the side. But in May of this year, everything changed. The bridge across the Kerch Strait was opened, now a highway leading to the bridge passes near the city. And now many, before going further to the Crimea, decide to visit Taman, which they read about in school. And at the same time find out why Lermontov called it like this: "bad little town" ...
