Final exams are just around the corner. Which will inevitably be followed by reflections of graduates about what to do (how to live) next?
I imagined myself in the role of a high school student who, for one reason or another (for example, after studying a survey on supply / demand in the IT labor market, or under the impression of words about expanding the number of state-funded places in universities in IT specialties by 35%), decided to enroll in technical university and become a highly skilled programmer.
Let me remind you that this kind of specialty is one of the 23 “leaves” of the tree-like “European classification of IT specialists”. In addition, this is the name of one of the professional standards in the field of IT, developed under the auspices of APKIT and approved by order of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation.
On the website of one of the universities of the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications (so that I would not be accused of advertising it, I do not disclose the name of this university) I read the following lines:
"The Faculty of Information Technology *** trains students in several areas in the field of infocommunications and information technology.
1. Direction "Informatics and Computer Engineering", profile "Software of computer facilities and automated systems". Graduates of this profile are highly qualified programmers, the demand for which is constantly growing in the labor market and will not decrease in the foreseeable future. Almost all graduates work in their specialty and have earnings that are significantly higher than the average for the region. The demand for such specialists is high in any industry, in the banking sector, in the development and operation of information systems. There is also a master's degree in *** in this direction.”
Indicative information about the earnings of university graduates, the percentage of those who were employed in their specialty after graduating from a bachelor's or master's degree, as well as the number of budget places in this area and information about the passing score in the annotation of this area are not available. Which, of course, is sad. But it is clear that if an applicant decides to become a highly qualified programmer, then it makes sense for him to consider studying at a given university in this area as one of the possible options for his career growth.
However, it is interesting to note that the profile with the same name "Software for computer equipment and automated systems" also appears in the annotation of another area of training for specialists of this university.
Here is what is said on the website of the Faculty of Information Technology of the above-mentioned educational institution ***:
“2. Direction "Information systems and technologies", a profile with the same name. Graduates of this profile are highly qualified specialists in the field of design, development and implementation of various kinds of information systems currently used in almost any field of activity. The need for specialists of this profile is very high and a graduate can easily get a job in any company he likes. Graduates *** of this direction develop information sites for companies, create databases, including those for distributed information systems.”
Please note: in the annotation of this direction there are no words like “Practically all graduates work in their specialty and have earnings that are significantly higher than the average for the region. There is a great demand for such specialists here and there... There is also a master's degree in *** in this area.” It turns out that the demand for programmers who have been trained at the *** university in the direction of "Information systems and technologies" is lower than for programmers who have been trained in the same university in the direction of "Informatics and Computer Engineering"?
So in which direction of the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Professional Education (Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Professional Education) is it better to study for those who want to become a highly qualified programmer: 03/09/01 (“Informatics and Computer Engineering”) or 03/09/02 (“Information Systems and Technologies”)? What do you think about this? And in general, by what criteria should an applicant choose a university who decides to become a highly qualified programmer or other IT specialist?
Here is another note on the topic of this post: “Yes, with IT education, everything is not right. But what to do? . It was written in October last year and it, among other things, notes that this problem with the lack of IT specialists in the right quantity and quality did not arise yesterday and will not be solved tomorrow. Yes, and not the fact that it will be decided at all. At best, it will only be smoothed out to one degree or another. It also notes that annually up to 25 thousand IT specialists graduate from educational institutions of higher education in Russia. At the same time, today only 15-20% of engineering graduates are suitable for immediate employment in the field of information technology. That is, applicants should choose a university and faculty very carefully. In order to get into the very 15-20% of graduates who are suitable for immediate employment in the field of information technology.
There is also such a question. Why "Future Russian IT specialists are not guided in the choice of specialty"? Due to the lack of a competent career guidance system in the country or due to the fact that technical universities, whose educational programs include IT specialties, cannot properly present themselves (their educational services) (praise, advertise)? Or maybe the reason is that IT companies hold “Open Days” or other events aimed at future IT specialists not so often and not at the proper level?
Diagram from note
The profile subject for admission to a university in the specialty of computer science is mathematics, as well as physics and ICT. On average in Russia, for admission it is enough to score in these subjects, and in the Russian language on the EGE from 35 to 80 points. The passing score depends on the prestige of the educational institution and the competition in it. Sometimes, at the discretion of the university, knowledge of foreign languages may be required for admission.
Specialty "Applied Informatics"
The most modern, progressive and promising direction in the study of IT is applied informatics. This is an innovative direction, involving a creative approach, with subsequent work in the specialty "applied computer science".
Specialty code "Applied Informatics" - 09.03.03. It is also called informatics ICT. The specialty is studied at many faculties - economics, law, management and education, as an additional subject. The specialty involves the study of programming languages and foreign languages, but the emphasis is on the practical application of these skills in various information systems.
Specialty "Business Informatics"
According to the classifier "Business Informatics" has the code 38.03.05. This specialty is quite new and appeared only in 2009. Accordingly, choosing the specialty "business informatics", who to work for a student is an important issue. Business informatics allows you to qualify as a designer, optimizer and administrator of systems and processes for business programs.
In order for a student to receive a specialty in business informatics, universities are trained to conduct analytics, planning and organizing IT projects of various levels of complexity. In addition to logical thinking and a technical mindset, students in the direction of 38.03.05 require analytical skills, communication skills and leadership qualities.
Specialty "informatics and computer technology"
Under the code 09.03.01 in the classification is the specialty "Informatics and Computer Engineering". Everyone decides who to work with such qualifications on the basis of acquired knowledge in the areas of software development, IT design and information security. During the period of study, students master high-level programming languages, and OS and local area network administration skills.
Training in the direction 09.03.01 takes 4 years. Despite the relatively short period of study, the direction of "Computer Science and Computer Engineering" is considered one of the most difficult, since it involves obtaining skills for developing programs and algorithms.
Specialty "Applied Informatics in Economics"
Applied informatics with an emphasis on economics is a subsection "Mathematical support and administration of information systems" on 02.03.03 undergraduate and 02.04.03 in the magistracy. Computer science with an additional specialty "economist" allows you to create, implement and maintain software in the field of economics, analyzing its work and algorithms.
A student who has received an education in the field of "applied informatics in economics" is able to solve functional problems, and operate with financial and material flows, using special software.
"Mathematics and Informatics" - specialty
Applied Mathematics and Informatics - a specialty in universities according to the code 01.03.02 in the bachelor's program and according to the code 01.04.02 in the master's program. As opposed to narrow specialists in the fields of economics, education and law, "Mathematics and Informatics" allows you to apply the acquired skills in any work that is related to the use of software, ICT, communication networks and systems, and the conduct of mathematical calculations. The acquired skills the student will be able to apply in the analytical, scientific, design and technological fields.
Informatics and control systems - specialty
At the department "Informatics and control systems" the directions of the section "Computer science and computer engineering" are being studied 09.00.00. Students gain skills in the areas of 3D modeling, WEB development, information security technology, designing intelligent control systems and developing microprocessor systems.
Informatics and statistics - specialties
The Department of "Computer Science and Statistics" allows students to obtain qualifications in the specialties of the section "Information Security" 10.00.00. The department teaches special disciplines that are aimed at ensuring information security in the specialties 10.05.01-05 and interaction with the relevant software.
"Fundamental informatics and information technologies" - specialty
Bachelor's specialty in the direction 02.03.02 "Fundamental Informatics and Information Technologies" has a focus on system mathematical programming, information processing and communication systems management. In addition to programming, the student gains knowledge in the areas of design and sound processing, and can manage telecommunications facilities.
Institutes for the specialty "informatics"
In Russia, there are more than 50 universities offering training for students in the areas of computer science.
In the institutes of Russia, you can get skills to work as a programmer, developer, information systems engineer, designer, and administrator of local and WEB networks. The specialty teacher of informatics is also being studied at universities at the magistracy, in the directions 02.04.01 and 09.04.02.
College - specialty "applied computer science"
The specialty "applied computer science" in the college was not included in the list of specialty codes from 2015. Education in applied informatics on the basis of a diploma gives graduates the right to obtain the qualification "Programmer Technician" without passing the exam. The training lasts 3-4 years and opens up opportunities for working at any enterprise as a programmer.
Who can work in the specialty "informatics"
Computer science is one of the most demanded technical specialties nowadays. Therefore, many graduates who have received high scores in mathematics choose the direction of IT. Specialties related to computer science can be divided into fundamental, applied and additional.
Depending on the choice, the student is trained to interact with various systems at stages from development to administration and practical use in various computing fields.
Perhaps you will be interested.
I study at the Faculty of Informatics and Computer Engineering at the Department of Automated Information Processing and Control Systems at KPI, Kiev Polytechnic Institute, and Information Systems and Technologies are my path.
Actually, an excerpt from the description on the site, so as not to pull the cat by the tail:
Undergraduate Curriculum
1. Programming cycle
Algorithmization and programming. Algorithms and data structures. Object - oriented programming. Object - oriented modeling. WEB - technologies and WEB-design. Organization of databases and knowledge. Computer graphics. Computer technologies of statistical information processing. Cross-platform programming. Technology for creating software products. OS. Fundamentals of WEB-design.
2. Math loop
Analytic geometry and linear algebra. Higher Mathematics. Elements of the theory of functions of a complex variable and operational calculus. Discrete Math. Probability theory, probabilistic processes and mathematical statistics. Mathematical methods of research of operations. Theory of algorithms. Numerical methods. Theory of decision making. Statistical methods, theory of event flows.
3. System-technical cycle
System analysis. Systems Modeling. Technologies of distributed systems and parallel computing. Information security technologies. Design of information systems. Technologies of computer design. Data mining. Methods and systems of artificial intelligence. IT project management. Physics. Electronics and electrical engineering. Computer circuitry and computer architecture. Computer networks. Microprocessor systems.
Areas of activity
Our graduates are specialists of a wide profile. The objects of their specialization are in various areas of human activity - in the areas
- industry
- medicine
- finance
- transport
- trade
- business
Our graduates are able to solve a variety of problems: from accounting automation to the development of computer networks and intelligent decision-making systems. As system analysts, they deeply understand the essence of the complex processes of interaction between various areas of industrial, humanitarian and business activities, which gives them advantages for successful competition in the labor market.
Graduates work wherever software and various information (system) technologies are developed, implemented, adapted or operated, in particular, as:
- system analysts,
- project managers,
- data scientists,
- implementation and reengineering consultants,
- database administrators,
- application programmers,
- maintenance engineers,
- the like.
Direction "Computer Science and Computer Engineering"- one of the most stable in terms of high demand worldwide. The demand for specialists in the field of programming, informatics and work with computer technology (engineers and technicians) began to grow back in the 90s, in the 2000s it became steadily high, which remains to this day. And it is obvious that this situation will continue for more than a decade.
"Informatics and Computer Engineering" is a key group of specialties in the computer industry. Software is the basis for the operation of both traditional personal computers and more powerful ones designed for scientific purposes or to ensure the operation of large enterprises. University graduates with a degree in Computer Science and Engineering work in companies such as Microsoft, Oracle, Symantec, Intel, IBM, HP, Apple. But if the companies listed above belong to the so-called "old guard", then today good programmers also work in companies such as Google, Facebook, Amazon, PayPal, EBay, Twitter, etc.
Graduates of a bachelor's or master's degree in the specialty "Informatics and Computer Engineering" can hold positions in the following areas:
- software development: this includes system analysts, programmers, developers. During the training, much attention is paid to the study of programming languages such as C ++, Java, etc. It is important to understand that even after graduation, such specialists must constantly take refresher courses in order to keep up with new trends and changes in programming languages;
- software engineering (or computer software and automated systems) - this includes more complex development of software products at the intersection of computer technology, engineering, mathematics, design and organization of teamwork;
- quality control and testing;
- development of technical documentation;
- technical support;
- large database management;
- Web design;
- project management;
- marketing and sales.
Over the past decades, the world is rapidly acquiring new technologies, and more and more specialists in the field of informatics and computer technology are needed. Graduates will have career opportunities as software engineers, web designers, video game developers, systems analysts, database managers, and network administrators.
Another direction of specialties is direct work with computers, complexes, systems and networks. This is a significant sub-sector of the computer industry. Engineers and technicians learn to work with hardware, that is, in the production of equipment and computers, as well as a variety of gadgets, such as printers, scanners, etc.
Computer development starts in the R&D departments of large companies. Engineering teams (mechanical, electronic, electrical, manufacturing, programming) work together to develop, test, and manufacture components. A separate area is marketing research of the market and production of the final product. It is in this sector that there is the greatest shortage of qualified specialists familiar with programming, robotics, automation, etc.
But if these specialties can be attributed to fairly traditional ones for this area, today a number of professions are becoming increasingly popular, which simply did not exist about 10-15 years ago.
- User Interface Development: These professionals are required by companies such as Electronic Arts, Apple, Microsoft and others involved in the development of video games, mobile applications, etc.
- Cloud computing: Professionals such as cloud software developer, cloud network engineer, cloud product manager are needed by many companies, including Google, Amazon, AT&T and Microsoft.
- Big Data Processing and Analysis: Big Data processors can work in a wide variety of companies - in business and the financial sector, e-commerce, government agencies, medical organizations, telecommunications, etc.
- Robotics: these specialists are in demand in large industrial companies, for example, in mechanical engineering (especially in the automotive and aircraft industries).
Universities that offer training in the field of "Informatics and Computer Engineering" include: Moscow State Technical University. N.E. Bauman, MEPhI, MIREA, MESI, MTUCI, NRU HSE, MPEI, MAI, MAMI, MIET, MISiS, MADI, MATI, LETI, Polytech (St. Petersburg) and many others.
Communicate with university representatives personally
As you can see, there are a lot of universities and programs in this specialty. Therefore, it is easier and faster to make a choice by visiting the free exhibition "Master's and Additional Education" in or.
- Undergraduate
- 09.03.01 Informatics and Computer Engineering
- 09.03.02 Information systems and technologies
- 09.03.03 Applied Informatics
- 09.03.04 Software engineering
The future of the industry
Information technology (IT) is one of the fastest growing industries. Changes in this industry set new technologies and practices for virtually all sectors of the economy. Engineering, transportation, resource management, marketing, people management - all these and many other areas are changing under the influence of IT.
There are several important processes going on in the IT sphere. Firstly, the connectedness of the world is growing due to telecommunication solutions, the volume of data passing through the network is increasing, and solutions for processing this data are being developed. Secondly, digital solutions are becoming more mobile and user-friendly. If now almost every family has a computer, and every second one has a smartphone, then in ten years every city dweller will have at least 5-6 devices worn on the body and interconnected. For example, augmented reality glasses, a biometric bracelet for health care, a smartphone with a smart wallet function, etc. Thirdly, new environments for work, education and leisure of people are developing - virtual worlds for a wide variety of purposes, including based on augmented reality technologies.
Innovations in other industries are born at the intersection with IT, so there are a large number of cross-industry tasks for a breakthrough. Nevertheless, the development and production of hardware, software (SW) and security systems remain top priorities within the IT sector. A highly promising direction is the design of virtual spaces and interfaces for interacting with them.
Professions of the future
- Information systems architect
- Interface designer
- virtuality architect
- Virtual world designer
- Neural interface designer
- Network Lawyer
- Online Community Organizer
- IT preacher
- Digital linguist
- BIG-DATA Modeler
Likely breakthrough points in the coming decades will be:
- increase in the volume of transmitted data and models for their processing (big data, big data);
- distribution of software that can be influenced by a common user;
- development of human-machine interfaces;
- artificial intelligence technologies;
- semantic systems that work with the meanings of natural languages (translation, Internet search, human-computer communication, etc.);
- new quantum and optical computers that can significantly speed up the processing of large data arrays;
- development of neural interfaces, including "thought control", various objects, transmission of sensations and experiences at a distance.
Informatics and Computer Engineering 09.03.01
Graduates in the field of study "Computer Science and Engineering" will be professionally engaged in computers, systems and networks, automated information processing and control systems. They will also be in charge of computer-aided design systems and information support for the life cycle of industrial products, software for this activity, which is especially important at enterprises and industries.
Graduates will be able to produce mathematical, informational, technical, linguistic, software, ergonomic, organizational and legal support for the listed systems.
The profession is very popular in our time, will not lose relevance in the near future, especially with the general automation of control and the transfer of production to robotics.
Professions
- ERP programmer
- Html layout designer
- IT specialist
- web administrator
- web designer
- web programmer
- Database Administrator
- Computer's operator
- Programmer
- Database Developer
- Systems Analyst
- System programmer
- SAP Specialist
- Traffic Manager
- Electronics
Where to study
- St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation (SUAI), St. Petersburg
- St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics (FGBOU VPO "SPbNIU ITMO"), St. Petersburg
- St. Petersburg State Polytechnic University (FGBOU VPO "SPbSPU"), St. Petersburg
- Saint-Petersburg Baltic State Technical University VOENMEH them. D.F. Ustinov (BSTU VOENMEH named after D. F. Ustinov), St. Petersburg
- Petersburg State University of Communications of Emperor Alexander I (PSTU), St. Petersburg
- St. Petersburg National Mineral Resources University "Gorny", St. Petersburg
- St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University "LETI" IN AND. Ulyanov (Lenin) (St. Petersburg Electrotechnical University "LETI"), St. Petersburg
- St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University (SPbGMTU), St. Petersburg
- St. Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University) (SPbGTI (TU)), St. Petersburg
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University), (MIPT), Moscow
- Moscow State Technical University named after N.E. Bauman (MSTU named after N.E. Bauman), Moscow
- Moscow State Technical University of Radio Engineering, Electronics and Automation (MGTU MIREA), Moscow
- Moscow State University of Civil Engineering - National Research University (FGBOU VPO MGSU), Moscow
- Novosibirsk National Research State University (NSU), Novosibirsk
The direction of mass education, which is urgently needed for the innovative economy of Russia, is available in all technical, national research and federal universities of the country, and even in some liberal arts universities.
Where to work?
In the administrative, economic, information and production departments of organizations of all spheres (banks, medical institutions, education, culture, service sector, transport, construction companies, design studios, media); at industrial enterprises of various industries (oil and gas complex, electric power industry, forestry and agriculture, mechanical engineering, radio electronics, aerospace and defense enterprises); in software and database firms; research and design organizations and others.
Software Engineering 11.03.04
Graduates of the direction "Software Engineering" will be professionally engaged in the industrial production of software for information and computing systems for various purposes.
Bachelors and masters will deal with the development of a software product project, software creation, ensure the life cycle processes of a software product, master the methods and tools for developing a software product. In addition, graduates will have to interact and / or manage the personnel involved in the life cycle processes of the software product and the software customer.
Where to work?
Software engineering is qualitatively different from other engineering disciplines in the fundamental intangibility of software; to achieve the required results, it is necessary to combine mathematics and computer science with engineering approaches developed for the production of tangible material objects.
Many students start working after the first practice. They are employed on a part-time basis and can combine work with study, for example, at Google, Motorola ZAO, Transas, Marine Complexes and Systems, HyperMethod IBS and at the enterprises of Okeanpribor, RTI Systems, Central Research Institute "Electropribor"
