Margarita Akulova
An open lesson for teachers of visual activity in the art studio of a kindergarten with children of the preparatory group.
Subject:
"Autumn still life"
(in reverse graphics technique)
Tasks:
1. Continue to introduce children to one of the genres of painting - still life.
2. To acquaint with the type of fine art - graphics and "reverse" graphics.
3. Arouse in children the desire to make a still life of the proposed items, combining them with each other in color and size.
4. To consolidate the ability to convey in the drawing the characteristic features of leaves, flowers, fruits: shape, structure, size, location.
5. Continue to master the techniques of working in non-traditional techniques - drawing with an eraser (reverse graphics).
6. In the process of work, create a joyful mood in children, teach them the ability to enjoy the results of their work and the success of other children.
7. Support the manifestation of imagination, courage in presenting one's own ideas.
Lesson progress:
*Setting up for a meeting in the art studio (in a group):
Guys, our pencil friend is waiting for you in the art studio, he has prepared a lot of interesting things for you.
1.
*Children in the art studio.
Today we have many guests in the art studio, welcome them.
*In the magic window - Pencil.
Guys, we often meet with a pencil, and he became our friend.
*On Screen Pencil & Eraser
Today he came not alone, but with an elastic band. And why did he bring her, you will find out later, and now the Pencil has prepared a video riddle for you, do you want to guess it?
*Video excerpt: “If you see in the picture (still life)
Guys, you guessed what we will talk about today, and if you want, draw (about still life).
I invite you to a video exhibition where we will admire the still lifes of different artists.
* Viewing still lifes (on the TV screen).
Do you like still lifes?
What time of year are these still lifes talking about? (autumn)
What colors did the artists use to convey the gifts of autumn?
Suggested responses of children: bright, warm, golden, sunny ...
Look how bright the works are, what a variety of colors are here.
Before drawing a still life, the artist composes it.
And I also wanted to draw an autumn still life.
I kept oak branches, maple leaves, flowers. We have vases, fruits.
Guys, I'll try to make a still life, and I hope you can help me.
What is our background? (dark) Choose the vase that best suits (dark or light)
(-Dark vase, as if hidden)
* Make up a still life with the children. We admire.
*On Screen Pencil
The pencil has prepared something else for you.
It turns out that you can depict a still life using only two colors - black and white, and this type of fine art is called graphics.
Pencil wants to show you autumn still lifes made in this technique.
* Viewing autumn still lifes (on the TV screen).
**Comment, while watching:
If painting is a colorful art, then the main colors of graphics are black and white. Expressive means of graphics - line, drawing, color and shadow transitions, contrast of dark and light.
*On the screen Pencil and Eraser (an excerpt from the song Big Secret ...)
And now the pencil wants to reveal the secret why he came today with an eraser
Often, when we draw a sketch with a simple pencil, we use an eraser. But the eraser not only erases, but can also create a picture itself.
This is reverse graphics or "reverse graphics".
Look through the magic window - these are children's works in technology - reverse graphics.
* View children's work (on the TV screen).
The pencil has prepared tinted sheets for you and invites you to draw an autumn still life as a keepsake of this beautiful time of the year. Do you mind?
2.
Guys, I invite you to take places in our art workshop.
I wanted to draw such a still life in memory of autumn.
*Showing my still life.
If you liked the still life that we made together, then you can draw it.
And you can come up with and depict your own still life.
The same object can be depicted in different ways:
Dark - can be conveyed simply by contour drawing or by highlighting the contour
Light - light silhouette with veins drawn with a simple pencil
* Showing three different ways of depicting the same subject(leaf) and how small round shapes can be depicted.
* Turn on calm music
And now, to the music, you imagine your autumn still life and depict it using the technique - reverse graphics, using an eraser and a simple pencil.
Who is ready - can get to work.
*In the course of children's work I use:
Suggestive questions:
What size should the leaves be so that everyone can see them and admire them;
Can there be leaves from different trees on the same branch;
What part of the sheet can be occupied by a vase.
How can I correct the error - obscure this part;
To draw thin lines, it is better to use an eraser on a pencil, and to draw a large one - with an eraser.
Indirect instructions:
Wouldn't you like to add veins to the leaves...
Reminders:
Did you forget to draw a table or a shelf on which the still life is located?
How interesting you decorated the vase, well done;
I really liked the way you arranged the objects in your still life;
You got carved leaves, wonderful ...
* In the course of work, I offer physical education for a minute to those children who are tired:
Finger gymnastics "Autumn bouquet"
Children spread their fingers to the side and bend them to the beat of the poem, in turn, starting with the thumb:
One two three four five,
Let's collect the leaves. (All fingers are gathered into a fist.)
Oak leaves, (Pull back your little finger)
Maple leaves, (Pull back your ring finger.)
Rowan leaves, (Pull back your middle finger.)
Aspen leaves. (Pull back index finger.)
We will collect beautiful leaves together
(Put two palms together with fingers apart.)
And we’ll carry an autumn bouquet to mom!
3.
Guys, the little bell is ringing now. But as soon as a big bell sounds in our magic window, our art workshop will close, and we will invite all guests to the opening of the exhibition of autumn still lifes.
(-And those who did not have time to finish drawing a little can do it in a group, in their free time).
* At the end - place the children's work at the exhibition
Guys, today at our meeting you learned how to depict still lifes in different ways - both in color and in graphics, and in reverse graphics.
Your autumn still lifes are expressive, interesting and different.
And she helped you create this beauty - an ordinary elastic band and a simple pencil.
You were graphic artists today.
Who has a still life similar to ours? Why did you decide to draw it?
How exactly did you draw the veins. What did you use?
Which branches did you get thin, and from what tree are they?
And your leaves turned out to be alive.
You decorated the vase very beautifully, you picked up unusual patterns.
Guys, let's admire your still lifes and invite guests to join us.
Rice. 1
This lesson will be useful for beginners who want to paint a still life in gouache. Beginners will learn some secrets of drawing surfaces and textures, they will see in practice the main rules of painting.
What will be required:
1. Paper (A3 format). Whatman is perfect.
2. Brushes. It is necessary to prepare three flat synthetic brushes (small, medium and large), as well as a medium bristle.
3. Artistic gouache. Poster gouache is not suitable for painting - they dry quickly and form stains. Gouache must be of good quality, so it is best to purchase paints in specialized art stores.
Stage 1
First, the construction of the composition is created with a simple pencil with a soft lead. It is better to start by marking the plane of the table with a horizontal line. When determining the height, it is recommended to focus on Fig. 1. On the right, the far corner of the table is slightly noticeable - it must be marked with a diagonal line. Then, following the construction rules, objects are marked on the table. Light lines indicate the fabric and its folds. It is important to observe the shape of objects and their location relative to each other.
When the pencil sketch is ready, you can start coloring it. It is better to start with a general background - apply the first coat of paint, making short strokes with a large flat brush. After that, the main tones are thrown on the jug.
Important! There is no need to strive to completely and “perfectly” color the entire background or other object. The main mistake that beginners make is that they first try to sketch the entire background, leaving white places in the picture where objects will be. After that, they alternately paint over all the objects, and in their entirety. Or vice versa, objects are painted first, and then the background. This should not be done - the completed picture will look as if objects cut from magazines were pasted onto the sheet. A successful composition will not work in the end. Any picture needs to be painted all at once, gradually. Experienced artists alternately return to one or another subject, sometimes to make just a couple of strokes - and so on until the picture is finished.
Rice. 2
Stage 2
Now you can proceed to the jug - you need to draw it on top of the already applied layer of paint, not forgetting about smooth transitions between shades. A lot can be done with gouache, but it is important not to be zealous so as not to create the appearance of dirt in the picture. During this work, a medium flat brush is used.
Drawing objects must be done taking into account the light divisions: light, penumbra, shadow and reflex. On fig. 3 shows the diagram - it is made in the form of a grid for ease of understanding. The hardest part is understanding the reflex. There should be white highlights on the lightest part of the object - on a glossy surface they are more noticeable and brighter.
Rice. 3
Stage 3
After working out the jug, the main color shades are superimposed on the countertop. Do not forget that the table planes (vertical side and horizontal surface) should differ from each other in tone saturation. The vertical plane needs to be made darker than the horizontal, which is better lit.
Rice. 4
Stage 4
Now you can start painting the glass bottle, covering it with the same tone as the main background. It will be transparent, through it you can see the back wall, which acts as a background. For this reason, the main shade of the bottle will be the tone of the background. But we must remember that the bottle still remains visible, it has the size and volume. This can be conveyed in the picture by highlighting the edges of the bottle with light paint. After that, a little cold tones are added to the bottle, with the help of which it will be possible to convey glass on paper. To give volume, a reflex is drawn. At the end of this work, highlights are created. There are various highlights on one bottle: some are pale and softened around the edges, others are bright and noticeable. Before proceeding with the creation of highlights, it is recommended to carefully consider how they look in the author's picture. In general, the presented drawings will help to understand how to draw a still life with gouache.
Rice. 5
Stage 5
Now it's the turn of the pan. First, it is worth recalling the light division grid, and for this we will have to return to fig. 3. Without forgetting this principle, paint is applied to the pan. First, dark gray and light colors are used, and the darkest paint is left to emphasize the texture of the old, chipped and worn metal.
Read more about how to convey old worn metal in a picture. To perform such a texture, you will need a coarse bristle brush, and dry. At this point, the gray background of the pan with chiaroscuro should already be ready. A dry brush is lightly dipped in gouache, no need to take a lot of paint. According to Figure 6, straight long strokes are made from top to bottom along the darkened side of the pan. Strokes should be rough and full of holes, even during the stroke, the paint on the brush should end. Before that, it is better to practice making such strokes on a separate sheet so as not to spoil the picture.
Rice. 6
stage 6
Now we need to finish the pan. Empty spaces are covered with basic tone paint with a small brush. A reflex is drawn on the side of the pan, directly on top of the black texture. Handles are drawn, the outline of the pan is indicated. It is not necessary to heavily detail the subject so that individual parts of the picture do not fall out of the general style. We must not forget about the relationship of objects.
Rice. 7
Stage 7
Now you need to do the drapery around the pan, painting it completely with paint. This is best done with a large flat brush. It is important to remember that the fabric is illuminated unevenly, it looks lighter on one side. In the figure, multidirectional planes should differ in tone from each other: the vertical plane is made darker than the horizontal one. This also applies to the fabric on the table.
Rice. 8
Stage 8
It was the turn of the saucer, its main shade is white. Volume is given to it with the help of bluish-gray and gray paint. Then the rim of the saucer is outlined with blue pigment - it should not be too dark. The lower part of the saucer does not need to be made too light, as it is in the shade.
Rice. 9
Stage 9
When the space of the picture is almost completely covered with paint, the drawings are detailed and refined. First, the folds on the fabric are worked out (this is easy even for beginners). It is recommended to use more light tones on the fabric to give the image a natural look.
Shadows are cast from dishes on the table. Next to each of the objects, you need to draw a shadow cast from it using cold shades. Shadows should not be bright and sharp, but on the contrary, look scattered.
10 stage
Now you can move on to the last item - an apple. It is drawn according to the principle of the light division, like other already drawn objects.
From the apple, a colored reflection is cast on nearby objects and surfaces. A pinkish tint is added on the saucer along with the shadow of the apple.
It is important to remember that through color there is an interaction of all objects in the picture. Objects transfer part of their color to each other. By analogy with an apple, the relationships of other objects and surfaces are displayed.
Rice. 10
Stage 11
After the picture has been completed in general terms, you need to pay attention to those details that were left unattended. If the sketch made with a pencil has already been erased or has become invisible under the paint, then you can draw the outlines again. Then they will be painted over, because gouache is a thick and opaque paint.
Rice. eleven
12 stage
In order for the picture to acquire depth, volume and solidity, you need to use one artistic technique - at the end of the work, you can barely noticeably blur the contours of objects in order to soften the line of contact between objects and the environment.
So what is a still life? The first thing that comes to mind is a jug or vase, fruits, vegetables, cups, flowers, etc. In fact, a still life can contain absolutely any inanimate objects in the amount of two or more, usually small in size, lying on the surface.
In this tutorial I'll show you how to draw a flower still life (the lesson uses a wonderful photo from Galina Chi).
Step 1. When drawing any still life, the first step is to present all objects in the form of the simplest forms. In this example, the basket can be represented as a parallelogram, and the vase as a cylinder. It is very important to immediately correctly arrange objects on a sheet of paper. Please note that the items must stand on the table, and not roll off it.
Step 2. We bend the lines to get the shape of the objects we need. Add a handle to the basket.
Step 3. Draw cherries with circles and sticks, not forgetting that they overlap each other. Don't try to make them perfectly even.
Step 4. We designate flowers and their centers. At this stage, you can not draw the petals yet. We also add leaves.
Step 5. Draw the petals.
Step 6. Start hatching the drawing - add a wicker texture to the basket, hatch the cherries in a circle, leaving a large amount of highlights to make them juicier. On the right side of the vase, on top of the hatching, add a strip of highlight. We hatch flower petals and leaves from the center to the edges.
Since the light falls on the left, we add horizontal shadows to the right of the objects.
Master - class on drawing a still life for children 5-8 years old "August - asters"
Guseva Irina Aleksandrovna, primary school teacher, MBOU "Gymnasium named after. I. Selvinsky, Evpatoria, CrimeaMaster class for children 5-8 years old, teachers, parents.
The master class will be useful in the work of kindergarten teachers, teachers and parents, and will also give a little imagination to creative people.
Purpose: to cheer up, design stands, decoration for the interior.
Target: creating a bright picture in an unusual way
Tasks:
- introduce non-traditional techniques in the visual arts;
- to form an interest and a positive attitude towards drawing
- to develop creative abilities in children in building a composition;
- develop fine motor skills of the hands,
- cultivate love for nature, flowers;
- educate independence, accuracy, curiosity.
... Colorful hats bloom,
Like a fireworks display.
One hundred shades and varieties
These joyful colors: Pink, red -
The most beautiful!(T. Lavrova)
Astra with its straight petals
Since ancient times, it has been called a "star".
That's what you would call it yourself.
In it, the petals scattered in rays
From the core completely golden.(Vsevolod Rozhdestvensky)
Legend of the aster
Astra means "star" in Greek.
An ancient legend says that the aster grew from a speck of dust that fell from a star. Already in ancient Greece, people were familiar with the constellation Virgo - the goddess of love Aphrodite. According to ancient Greek myth, the aster arose from cosmic dust when the Virgin looked from the sky and wept.
There is a belief that if you stand among the asters at night and listen carefully, you can hear a slight whisper: these asters are having an endless conversation with their sister stars.
In China, asters symbolize beauty, precision, elegance, charm and modesty.
For Hungarians, this flower is associated with autumn, which is why in Hungary the aster is called the “autumn rose”. In ancient times, people believed that if a few aster leaves were thrown into a fire, the smoke from this fire could drive out snakes.
Astra is considered a gift to man from the gods - a particle of a distant star.
Necessary materials:
- landscape sheet (A4),
- gouache
- a glass of water;
- a simple pencil;
- brushes of different sizes;
- disposable fork.
Progress.
1. We start by building a composition. With a simple pencil, we make a sketch of the future still life. Draw a vase (in the form of an inverted trapezoid)
2. Ovals are our future flowers.
3. With a thick brush, fill the vertical and horizontal surfaces with color. Shades are better to choose light. We will try not to paint over the future vase and flowers. But at the same time, you should not leave clear contours of the vase and flowers.
4. We begin to draw greenery. We try to lead the brush from the upper base of the vase upwards.
5. Add another shade of green. It can be lighter or darker (at your discretion)
6. Now draw thin blades of grass
7. We decorate the vase in light shades.
8. In the middle of the future flower we put a drop of lilac gouache. The drop must be large.
9. Add more ruby.
10. Maybe a little red.
You can combine any other paint colors.
One hundred shades and varieties
These joyful flowers:
Pink, red
The most beautiful!
11. Now take a fork and gently stretch the paint from the center to the edges of the future flower.
12. This is the flower you get.
13. We will continue to perform other flowers in the same technique. Then add the yellow center of the flower.
14. Add more greens and various branches
We frame the work
Creative success and sunny mood!
Master class on drawing a still life for elementary school students
Tereshkova Tatyana Mikhailovna, primary school teacher, MBOU secondary school No. 36 named after General A. M. Gorodnyansky, Smolensk.Description: This master class will be useful for primary education teachers, as well as for those who want to learn how to draw from scratch. Designed for children of primary school age, budding artists.
Target: formation of the basics of isograms, acquaintance with genre painting on the example of still life.
Tasks:
- to acquaint children with the features of the genre of painting - still life;
- learn how to draw a still life in stages;
- to form such concepts as composition, light-shadow, volume in a drawing; learn how to apply them in your work.
Materials:
- A4 paper, watercolor paints, watercolor pencils, a simple pencil, an eraser, a jar of water.
I. a) Guys, all of you, of course, were in museums, art galleries, looked at the works of artists. They are all different. I think you can easily say how you can call such a picture (meaning the genre) (showing landscapes), but like this? (portrait display). Here's another job. What is shown on it? How to name it (genre)? (Still life).
If you have difficulty with answers or to continue the conversation, you can use A. Kushner's poem:
If you see in the picture
The river is drawn
Or spruce and white frost,
Or a garden and clouds
Or a snowfield
Or a field and a hut,
Be sure to picture
It's called LANDSCAPE.
If you see what's in the picture
One of us is watching
Or a prince in an old cloak,
Or a climber in a robe,
Pilot or ballerina
Or Kolya, your neighbor,
Be sure to picture
It's called PORTRAIT.
If you see in the picture
A cup of coffee on the table
Or juice in a large decanter,
Or a rose in crystal
Or a bronze vase
Or a pear, or a cake,
Or all items at once,
So this is STILL LIFE
So, we will talk to you about still life. The poem that you heard is somewhat comic, but if you remember it, you will always know what can be depicted in a still life.
What could it be? (Children name what can be depicted in a still life).
I want to show you the wonderful works of various artists (For example: P. Klas “Pipes and Brazier”, A.A. Deineka “Phloxes and Carnations”, B. Ast “Still Life with Fruit”, etc.). All of them belong to the still life genre.
P. Klas “Pipes and Brazier”
B. Ast “Still life with fruit”
Why do you think? Are the paintings different? Is there something that unites them? (Depicted objects around us, things).
b) But each picture has its own character, unique features. (Showing two bouquets: J. Heisum, Zori N.).
J. Haysum
Zori N.
Let's take a look at our bouquets. It would seem that there is nothing easier than to draw a bouquet of flowers, but how differently the artists did it. To make it easier for you to see this, I will read two descriptions, and you will determine which one fits the first picture, which one fits the second.
- Imagine that we are no longer in the classroom. We were transported to the room where our vases of flowers are. Cool summer morning. Freshly cut flowers, smelling of morning freshness, are lowered into the icy water ... The sun plays with naughty rays of flower petals ...
- Twilight. An old lamp illuminates slightly drooping flower buds. The life-giving moisture dries up. But somewhere in the depths, life is still struggling ...
Why did you distribute the descriptions the way you did? (Children share their thoughts, impressions).
Well done! See how well you already understand still lifes.
V) Tell me, why did the artist need to depict ordinary objects in the picture: a glass, an apple, some old jug?
The artist in his picture conveys not just objects, but also his feelings, the beauty of sometimes unattractive things, so that other people learn to peer into them, admire them.
II. A) We have already said that still life is a genre of fine art, and that artists working in this genre most often depict fruits, bouquets of flowers, various objects, etc. But such still lifes, as we see now, were not always.
Previously, still lifes were not written at all, because. objects of the surrounding world did not cause much interest. However, while learning about the world, a person discovered many new, mysterious, interesting things for himself, the most ordinary things revealed their unusual sides for him.
Still life, as we see it now, did not appear immediately. At first, these were just individual elements of the picture.
Still life reaches its peak in the works of Dutch artists of the 17th century.
b) The Dutch called their work "quiet life". And indeed, these paintings are very suitable for such a name. (P. Klas “Breakfast with fish”) or better to say, life frozen, stopped for a moment.
P. Klas “Breakfast with fish”
Take a closer look, the water in the glass, the ray of light, the aroma of lemon, the sound of overturned dishes seemed to freeze for a moment. But in a moment, the rays of light will again slide along the wall, circling with their invisible eyes the glasses, dishes polished to a shine, and the “quiet life” will go on as usual.
It is interesting that the names of still lifes are approximately the same: “Breakfast”, “Dessert”, “Fish”, etc.
There were times when still life was treated with disdain and called "dead nature". However, the “quiet life” of things, mysterious, hidden from prying eyes, interested artists more. Still lifes began to be painted by artists from different countries, including Russia.
V) At the beginning of the last century, still lifes were painted by I.I. Mashkov. Since childhood, he loved to draw, although it seemed to many a worthless thing. Mashkov was engaged in the fact that he painted signs for shops, retail shops. He did not study this anywhere, and when one day a drawing teacher asked an 18-year-old boy if he wanted to study drawing, Mashkov replied: “Is this what they learn?” After that, Mashkov resolutely took the path of the future artist.
I will show you one of his still lifes, Pineapples and Bananas.
I. Mashkov. “Pineapples and bananas”
Take a closer look, the main thing here is not a simple image of objects. Let's imagine how we would feel if we had these fruits on the table in front of us. Let's touch the peel of pineapple, we will feel the aroma of a freshly cut juicy piece. Let's pay attention to how the artist depicts a glass glass, a plate ...
(As a result of the comparison, it can be noted that the considered still lifes, Dutch and Russian, differing in the time of writing, are easy to perceive, emotional. Artists, masters of their craft, managed to convey the beauty of the material world to the viewer).
III. So, today we met with another genre of fine art (painting). With which? (Still life).
What new have we learned?
How did painters call still life?
Why did you start painting still life? (repeat)
– Did we like still lifes and why?
(Still lifes provide an opportunity to plunge into history, to see how people lived in a particular country at different times. A still life tells us about the feelings of the artist, helps us to see what may not be noticed in everyday life).
Briefing.
So, today we will learn to draw a still life with you. We need to try to complete our work by the end of the lesson. We will need albums, simple pencils, paints and watercolor pencils.
1. Let's place the sheet vertically and draw the lines, as I show. These lines will be very important to us. They divide the sheet into parts: top-bottom, left-right. The top is our future background, the bottom is the surface on which we will place the objects. Let's see where on the sheet we will place our objects, where we will draw them. Show this place with your palm.
2. Now we will fix the place where we will draw so that we do not lose it. Easy to draw lines.
But this is only a contour, and we need to draw objects.
3. We draw a pot. Let us show that it is voluminous.
4. Let's draw a pear in the foreground.
5. Next step. Gently erase all extra lines. Watercolor doesn't like eraser. The basis of the still life is ready.
6. Stages 6 - 12 - work in color. Shading the background.
7. We put the tone on the pot. Let's show the lightest places - glare of light.
8. Similarly, we apply the tone to the pear. We focus on highlights.
