What literature to read to improve literacy. Three simple exercises to help you quickly improve your literacy

I make a lot of mistakes, it is quite possible that there will be 20 or more mistakes in this article, but one of mine will get rid of this problem. To do this, I really need to improve the grammar, especially the placement of commas, because Chrome helps to avoid the most primitive mistakes.

LinguaLeo has English learning with interactive grammar courses. It is a pity that there is no such service for the Russian language. As if I'm hinting, do a startup to learn the Russian language! I would do it myself, but I'm not a startup.

So, there are not so many sites on the Internet where they would teach interesting grammar. I have found several effective ways to learn grammar online and offline. Perhaps the Russian language should not be taught on the Internet, but simply at school? A rhetorical question, I myself am sorry that I did not study well in the lessons of Russian and literature. Now I'm studying what seventh graders are going through.

Before publishing the article, I carefully researched and chose the best ways to improve the grammar in the Russian language.

Read books

The most popular advice was reading books. Absolutely everyone advises this method (even those who cannot read), and be sure to attribute “I didn’t learn the rules, but I always write without errors.” Something like memorization along with intuition. I believe and also read. Not to say that it helps me a lot, I just don’t notice, but it’s never harmful to read, unless it’s “50 shades of gray”.

rewrite books

There were also people who advised to rewrite the entire "War and Peace". Even with examples of how one student wrote all night and died, she passed all the exams for 5 in Russian. As for me, not the best way, it's better to learn and practice the rules.

Reread the rules of the Russian language for grades 5-9

I was given a book with the theory of the Russian language for a schoolchild for all classes. And I tried to study a little every day.

But I dropped something in search of a better way, it's pretty hard to learn.

In addition to the above methods, we will look at some sites on the Internet that help improve grammar and get rid of spelling errors, tighten punctuation, and so on.

Rosenthal's Handbook

An offline book that has many online versions, the link is one of them. It is a large collection of all the rules, a lot of chapters.

Diploma.Ru

The most popular site dedicated to the Russian language. Yes, what kind of site is there, there is a whole portal with a bunch of information. You can even ask a question and get an answer.

Literacy in the most direct sense is the ability of a person to write correctly and build his speech in accordance with the rules of his native language. Literacy can be innate or acquired.

If you write without errors, but at the same time you cannot reproduce a single rule of the Russian language and do not read the classics avidly, you have innate literacy. It is based on a sense of language at the genetic level.

Acquired literacy is the result of self-development and self-improvement, tireless work on oneself.

The path to literacy is a ladder with many rungs

In the modern world, literacy is a calling card of a person. In its absence, it is impossible to get a good well-paid job - HR managers monitor this nuance already at the stage of accepting an application or resume. It has been observed that people who have correct speech, a rich vocabulary and the ability to write without errors, achieve success in any chosen field. A literate person is a priori perceived as intellectually developed, he is respected more than others. But improving literacy is not a one-day affair. You will need patience and perseverance in this noble cause.

Literacy methods

To begin with, determine what are your "weak" sides and what you would like to "pull up": spelling, punctuation, grammar, art of speech. Self-analysis must be objective. Next, make a short plan for yourself and move towards your assigned goal using the following literacy development methods.

The first method is to read classical literature. The benefits of reading good books cannot be overestimated. Even if you once read all the literature provided for by the school curriculum, there are still many new works that - believe me - will definitely interest you. It is possible that you will comprehend what you once read in a different way - thanks to the acquired life experience. While reading, you can feel the style of the work, the compatibility of words, punctuation features. Your vocabulary will definitely expand. In addition, reading contributes to the development of visual memory. But you need to read slowly, thoughtfully, comprehending each phrase. Pay particular attention to complex words and long sentences with complex punctuation.

The second method is to arm yourself with dictionaries. It can be both a book and an electronic version. If you are in doubt whether to write this or that word, or are faced with a new word, the meaning of which you did not know until now, do not be too lazy to look into the dictionary. As time goes by, you will need it less and less.

The third method is to learn the rules of the Russian language. One rule a day is enough.

The fourth method is to listen to audiobooks. For the development of literacy, it is very useful to listen to the correct "live" speech. Auditory memory won't hurt you.

The fifth method is to write dictations. Start with simple text, increasing its complexity and volume over time.

The sixth method is to make it a rule to write correctly everywhere. Even in social networks, chats and forums - where it is considered in the order of things to distort words, conveying only their meaning (“finally”, “like a thread”).

The seventh method is to try to make an audio or video recording of your speech. If you listen to yourself from the outside, it will be easier for you to understand what the mistakes of your speech are.

The eighth method is to develop literacy in a playful way. Feel free to get involved in crossword puzzles and computer games that help develop your intellectual abilities (anagrams, charades, rebuses, and others).

The ninth method is to sign up for Russian language courses. The help of a professional has never hurt anyone.

Sources:

• Don't know how to improve your literacy? We will advise!

The Russian language and culture of speech is one of the basic subjects in the school curriculum. Unfortunately, with age, the skills acquired over several years of studying the native language are gradually lost. Sometimes you just wonder what broken language our deputies, members of the government and other high-ranking officials speak. The question arises: is it possible to improve the Russian language in an adult, and how to do it?

Instruction

In fact, it is possible to improve the level of native language proficiency, but this one takes far from a couple of days or even a couple of months. First of all, make sure that the Russian dictionary language and a grammar guide with your desk books. Do not be lazy to once again refer to the dictionary if you are not sure about the meaning of the word or its spelling. If you hear a new one, then take a couple of minutes to figure out its meaning and. In this way, you can significantly expand your active vocabulary. By the way, nowadays it is not at all necessary to acquire a thick paper dictionary by Dahl or Ozhegov. Electronic versions of almost all Russian dictionaries language are freely available on the Internet.

The second important point is reading. Unfortunately, with each of us we read less and less books. We are accustomed to receiving information from television programs, from news sites on the Internet or on the radio. We often spend our free time behind the screen, and not behind our favorite book. However, it is reading that helps us raise the level of our native language. language. By reading various books, we expand our vocabulary, learn to combine lexical units. In addition, when reading, our brain automatically remembers the correct spelling of words, which reduces the number of spelling errors in writing. Needless to say, reading books greatly broadens one's horizons.

Written literacy is a kind of calling card of a person. If he writes with numerous spelling and grammatical errors, in many cases it will be difficult for him to qualify for a prestigious high-paying job. Therefore, increasing the literacy of writing for many people is quite an urgent task.

Instruction

Knowledge of the rules is a necessary, but not the only condition for competent written speech. A literate person may no longer remember the rules that he once learned in - he just knows exactly how to write. To achieve such "innate" literacy, one must read high-quality Russian literature. The correct construction of phrases, the spelling of words by the classics of Russian literature should be deposited in the mind, become a kind of template.

The problem of deep and solid knowledge of students is always relevant for the school. Its successful solution determines, in particular, the level of spelling preparation of schoolchildren. However, it is no secret that the decline in the level of speech culture in our society has a negative impact on the quality of students' writing. Therefore, improving spelling literacy is one of the main tasks facing teachers - philologists.

What to do if time passes, and the child continues to make mistakes in well-known words, although the rules have long been learned by heart, dozens of dictations have been written and all the exercises have been done from a school textbook?

One of the first directions in my work when teaching the Russian language is the formation of strong skills of literate writing. And since any skill, including spelling, is formed in activity and is the result of repeated actions, in the method of teaching spelling, I pay serious attention to studying the patterns of such activities, as well as finding ways and means to increase the effectiveness of teaching spelling, taking into account these patterns.

The main goal of modern education is determined - achievement by the student of a level sufficient to ensure his self-realization and guaranteeing progress in the development and forward movement of modern society.

The implementation of this goal is possible through the solution of three main tasks:

- achieving a level of education corresponding to the potential of the student and ensuring the further development of his personality and the possibility of continuing education, including through self-education.

Formation in each student experience of creative, socially significant activity in the realization of their abilities.

Student accumulation experience of communication and interaction based on humanistic relations.

The level of education (education) is understood as - the quality of a person, which is determined by the ability to solve the problems of cognitive, value-oriented, communicative and transformative activities, based on the mastered social experience.

The basis of any level of education is, first of all, LITERACY. In this case:

literacy is the level of education, characterized by the ability to use the main methods of cognitive activity, through the perception and textual transmission of linguistic information.

Literate writing involves the ability to find, recognize the phenomena of the language on the basis of the so-called spelling skill, which helps the writer to stop, think, check himself when necessary.

Unfortunately, not all teachers understand the meaning of this. Therefore, the most common reason for low spelling literacy of students is the lack of formation of spelling skills. Spelling is a complex skill. It is created during long exercises and is based on simpler skills and abilities, such as:

1) writing skill;

2) the ability to analyze the word from the phonetic side;

3) the ability to establish the morphemic composition of the word and isolate from the word the spelling that requires verification;

4) the ability to bring the spelling under the corresponding rule.

Back in the first years of working at school, at individual consultations, I recommended to the children both thoughtful daily reading aloud, and rewriting paragraphs with subsequent self-examination. I do not refuse these forms of individual work even now. At the first stages of work in the 5th grade, I pay a lot of attention to playful, entertaining forms of work. It is necessary to awaken interest and self-confidence in each student. One of the most important skills that fifth graders should master is the ability to justify the correct spelling of words and punctuation marks. And for this you need to teach to see the identifying signs of the spelling and the conditions for choosing the spelling. From games with words, I gradually move on to the graphic designation of orthograms. Various types of work help to form this skill: spelling, vocabulary, explanatory, selective, distributive dictations, the use of signal cards, didactic games, algorithms, etc.

There are a great many tables - summary rules, reference materials, all kinds of "tips", various manuals on the Russian language. But how can a student navigate them? How to teach each student to accurately apply the rules of the Russian language? In recent years, algorithms have firmly entered the practice of teachers. As a rule, students with different levels of training in all subjects, and in particular, in the Russian language, come to the 5th grade. My task is to pull up the lagging behind and give impetus to improve the level of literacy to those students who see themselves in the future as a person of high social status. Algorithms help to significantly increase the level of literacy of children striving for this.

What is an algorithm? In the Soviet Encyclopedic Dictionary we read: "An algorithm is a method (program) for solving computational and other problems that precisely prescribes how and in what sequence to obtain a result uniquely determined by the initial data." In simple terms, an algorithm in a Russian language lesson is a method of action (an extended instruction, a scheme) that indicates what and in what sequence the student should perform in order to apply this or that rule. For example, you often encounter the inability of students to determine the declension of a noun and the conjugation of a verb. Algorithms work very well.

There are very simple algorithms that include 1 - 2 steps, but they also discipline the work of the student's thought. For example, many schoolchildren do not immediately learn how to determine whether a complex or simple sentence is given to them. Algorithm helps

There are algorithms that contain 3 - 4 "steps" that allow you to get to the solution of this problem. It may seem too cumbersome to some, but the result of applying such algorithms exceeds all expectations: errors almost completely disappear.

How to introduce an algorithm in a lesson? Of course, after getting acquainted with the rule. The first way: to give the finished algorithm in its entirety. The second way: gradually, step by step. The third way: by leading questions, lead students to compose an algorithm. I prefer the latter, because it allows you to develop logical thinking, makes the student think, and not receive the finished product of the teacher's activity.

After the introduction of the algorithm, it is necessary to consolidate on the repeated repetition of actions. Here everything depends on the teacher's imagination, on the methods of his work on fixing the topic. First, of course, oral work (frontal and individual), then written exercises (commenting, selective dictation, selective distribution work, etc.).

To write without mistakes

• read in syllables;
• find spelling;
• explain the choice of letters;
• fix the mistakes

It is important that students learn how to perform the logical operations proposed by the algorithm, so that they see in a word or sentence the place where the rule needs to be applied. How to ensure that the spelling is seen and not confused with another?

Students should learn how to use the algorithm for solving a spelling problem:

1. determine the place where the spelling problem arose;

2.to which group of rules does this spelling belong;

3. in what part of the word is the spelling;

4.set which letter to check: vowel or consonant;

5. determine the stress in the word;

6.determine a checked or unchecked spelling;

7.write the word according to the rule.

I will give several types of exercises for the development of spelling vigilance.

Read the proverb: Spring is red with flowers, and autumn with sheaves. Determine in which words the vowels should be checked or memorized.

"Pick up the letters": Russians are beautiful l: sa! L:sa went through the fluffy snow. Explain why the words are pronounced the same but are spelled differently.

I use various written works in my work:

Selective write-off;

Visual dictation;

Dictation "Guess the word" - the teacher gives an interpretation, the children write down the word itself (Often such dictations are made by the students themselves.);

- "mute" dictation - the teacher shows the drawing, the students write down the word;

Lexical dictation - children must give an interpretation to dictated words;

The dictation "For a friend" (a dictionary dictation of 15-20 words prepared by students on a specific topic) helps to identify those who doubt the spelling of a particular spelling, a signal to the teacher that you need to continue working on this spelling;

Task "Explain the difference" - work with pairs of words similar in sound, but different in meaning (this helps to prevent errors in the use of these words caused by ignorance of their exact meaning);

Making phrases and sentences.

The next stage of vocabulary work is a diagnostic vocabulary dictation. As a result of such work, the words that are most difficult for students are revealed. We will work on them in subsequent lessons. And only after that a control dictionary dictation is given.

As a rule, systematic work gives positive results: the number of good and excellent grades increases, significantly less twos.

Systematic, carefully planned and well-organized vocabulary work not only develops spelling vigilance, literacy, but also expands the vocabulary of students, develops speech, and also disciplines children, contributing to the stability of attention. And as a result - respect for the native language, increased interest in the subject.

When performing a dictation, in the process of writing, I allow you to underline dubious letters.

The guys love the game "Find an extra word" very much. For example, I offer students the following vocabulary dictation: village, notebook, Saturday, Moscow, garden, pencil, black, forty.

In order to write a word correctly, the student must recognize "the grammatical nature of the spelling and bring it under the appropriate rule." Most alphabetic orthograms have identifying features (the letters o-e after words hissing at the root, -n- and -nn- in adjectives, the spelling of prefixes in z, s, and many others). Words with a root unstressed vowel do not have such clear signs. Therefore, about 30% of students are not able to isolate words with an unstressed vowel in the root from a number of words. The reason for such a low level of formation of the skill of seeing this spelling is probably that students do not visually feel the root, they single it out "in the already written word" and "single it out formally" (M. M. Razumovskaya), they do not associate this root with its real value. And when choosing test words, they pay attention only to the external similarity of the checked and test words, not taking into account the main thing: you need to highlight the root, based on its meaning.

Therefore, the main thing in the process of fixing the spelling of the checked vowels at the root should be the formation of two skills: 1) vision of the named spelling and 2) reliance on semantics.

I recommend using a simple technique, using which, in the process of checking spelling, an active replenishment of the dictionary of schoolchildren takes place. This is the attraction of the maximum number of test words or single-root words, among which those that are suitable for spell checking are then selected. Usually the teacher is satisfied that the child correctly named one test word. For example: garden - garden. If he turns to the class with a request to give other test words (who is more?), then a whole nest of single-root vocabulary is collected: kindergarten, planting, estate, backyard, etc. At the same time, related words are involved, the semantic connections between them are realized, with Necessarily, the meanings of some of them are interpreted based on cognate words. The constant use of this accessible and effective technique forms the habit of schoolchildren to operate with single-root vocabulary, educates language flair, develops thinking, activates cognitive activity, and helps to include each child in collective work. This approach introduces elements of creativity into the educational process, creates motivation (That's why we learned to interpret words, to disassemble them by composition!).

One of the significant reasons for the low level of spelling literacy is that our children have stopped reading. Reading develops intelligence, speech, enriches vocabulary, grammatical structure of speech, which is important for literate writing. In the process of reading, visual memorization of language units is triggered, and this plays a huge role in the development of spelling skills. This means that the task of teachers and parents is to instill in younger students a love for the book, to form in them the need to read for their own pleasure, and not under duress. This, in my opinion, is another way to solve the problem of increasing the level of literacy of students.

The problem of spelling literacy of students remains one of the central problems of teaching the Russian language. And the greatest attention here should be paid to the spelling of checked unstressed vowels in the root and words with unchecked spellings, since it is these spellings that, according to M. M. Razumovskaya, give a high (30 - 50% of the total) percentage of errors even in high school .

The use of the methods and forms described in this work makes it possible to reduce the number of errors in words with the indicated spellings, and, consequently, improve the spelling literacy of students.

Of course, the work is not completed and needs further improvement, but the forms and methods described in it not only improve literacy, but also develop students' speech, broaden their horizons, and arouse interest in the subject. I think that this work can be useful for novice teachers.

Many people think about how to become more literate. Some want to make the right impression on others, others want to develop and improve in their chosen field. In any case, the desire to work on oneself can be considered commendable.

The desire to become better must necessarily be supported by some practical actions. Only in this case the person gets the opportunity to work on his shortcomings. How to become a literate person? Let's consider this question in more detail.

Russian language rules

They should not be forgotten if the intention is to become educated and self-sufficient. The rules of the native language must be learned and periodically repeated so that they are not forgotten over time. To achieve this goal, it is not at all necessary to enroll in expensive courses. It will be enough to practice at home on your own. Now in bookstores you can find the necessary literature for study. If there is no money to buy the necessary textbooks, they can often be found online for free. By mastering the rules of literature, you will be able to discover additional perspectives that were not available before.

How to become literate in Russian? You need to set aside time for yourself to practice. It is best to practice periodically at regular intervals. So the material will be better absorbed. The Russian language seems to many people a rather difficult subject that requires a lot of concentration and patience.

organization

Competent? Be sure to properly plan the load. Organization is paramount here. How you engage yourself will determine your success. It is important to understand how to properly allocate time and how many tasks you need to complete. Careful planning will avoid many mistakes. You can't just hope for a favorable set of circumstances. Otherwise, time will pass completely aimlessly, and it is unlikely that it will be possible to achieve the desired goal. Develop for yourself an optimal work schedule that will not be too burdensome and at the same time will allow you not to stray from the designated rhythm. Proper organization is important in any activity.

Write by hand

Thinking about how to become more literate, you should start training as often as possible. If you practice from time to time, then you should not expect high results. Some progress will be made, but it will be insignificant. To achieve something significant, you need to practice constantly. For this, it is best to write by hand, rather than typing on a computer. From the outside it may seem that there is no difference, but it is not.

The fact is that when writing, motor memory is trained. Thus, we better remember how to write individual words and sentences correctly. Handwriting is very useful, it is not in vain that it is practiced in all educational institutions. It is best to have a separate notebook for practical exercises.

Reading Literature

Nothing can compare with the great works that have become classics. It is the reading of such literature that elevates us from within, makes us spiritually richer and more receptive to beauty. Comprehending the secrets of art brings us closer to understanding the essence and meaning of life. Every self-respecting person should definitely get acquainted with the works of great masters. The discoveries of writers can be incredibly useful for our daily lives. Sometimes reading such texts requires colossal work from a person, but such efforts are justified.

The study of literature in many cases is accompanied by certain difficulties. The complex vicissitudes of the plot, the relationship between the characters do not always immediately become clear. For example, if you are constantly distracted, you can mix up some details and not take into account significant circumstances. Reading literature in itself contributes to an increase in general literacy, since a person involuntarily begins to borrow speech patterns. Works develops imaginative thinking, creative abilities.

Additional Interests

Thinking about how to become more literate, you need to constantly improve. In general, the desire for development must be present in a person's life. Having some kind of hobby, we become interesting, first of all, to ourselves, which means that we become much more attractive to other people. Additional interests contribute to broadening one's horizons and ultimately also lead to increased literacy. As we become more erudite, we discover endless possibilities within ourselves.

There is no need to limit your choice. You can try to engage in different activities to identify the most interesting areas. Often we ourselves limit ourselves in choosing, and then we think that we are not capable of anything. It is not so difficult to develop literacy in oneself: it is only necessary to realize natural curiosity.

Memory training

In order to become literate and write perfectly, you need to pay attention to how easy the memorization process is for you. Memory training is a must. Otherwise, the assimilation of new material will not be as successful and easy as we would like. In order for the brain to work, it is necessary to create a special load for it. It is good to use logical exercises or problem solving. This includes memorizing poems.

Special courses

When thinking about how to become well-read and literate, one should not lose sight of such an important detail as attending additional classes. Special courses will help you become an erudite person, gain self-confidence, meet new interesting people. In addition, educational programs will in any case increase the overall level of literacy and help determine future plans for life. What classes to choose depends on the needs of a particular individual. The main thing is that they should be liked, bring aesthetic and moral satisfaction, contribute to the development of ideas about the world and be more literate? You need to devote time every day to classes, only then they will begin to bring tangible benefits.

Thus, the issue of increasing literacy deserves special attention. A person must take responsibility for his education and be ready, if necessary, to work on himself constantly. To develop, and not stand still, it is not enough just to know what you need. The most important thing is the action, without it it is impossible to come to the expected result. If you have a desire to improve your own skills, then you can not retreat.

"On a boardwalk terrace, the notorious freckled Agrippina Savvichna regaled the collegiate assessor Apollo Ippolitovich with vinaigrette, clams and other dishes." This tricky dictation was written, proving their literacy, even by our grandmothers. As a rule, very few people managed to do without mistakes the first time. But the examinees for the rest of their lives memorized the spelling of those words that they could not cope with. Today, children need to first translate a passage from classical Russian into modern Russian. Because, philology teachers assure, the vocabulary of today's children and adolescents is rapidly declining.

Recently, in one of the Moscow schools, eleventh-graders, writing down a passage from dictation, together instead of "Griboedov fought with obscurantists" wrote "with rokobes". For "rock" and "demons" are still somehow understandable, but no one has heard of "obscurantists". As well as about "threshing" or, say, about "brochure".

So if you want to raise a literate child, first of all inspect your home bookshelves: after all, in addition to the spelling dictionary, ed. V.V. Lopatin, it would be nice to put at least an explanatory dictionary and an orthoepic one on them. And, of course, teach the child to use them.

But back to the unforgettable freckled Agrippina: it turns out that the relevance of the text remains to this day. After all, almost every word in this dictation is for some specific rule.

Judge for yourself:

• "blocked" - suffix -chat- (the suffix -chat- does not exist);
• "Notorious" - spelled together, because it can be replaced by a synonym for "famous". And after Russian prefixes on consonants, instead of and it is written exactly s;
• "treated" - if in the 1st person the verb ends in -th (I treat), then choose the suffix -eva-.

Well, let alone the spelling of such names and patronymics as Agrippina Savvichna and Apollon Ippolitovich, you need to know for sure, because today old names are in great fashion. So in 20 years this knowledge may come in handy when you have to apply in writing to partners, colleagues, and even more so to superiors.

Where are the literate?

"Recently, a 5th-year student of the philological faculty of a well-known and respected university came to our practice. Her summary for the first lesson began like this:" Hello children "- without a comma!" - the director of the Moscow school says indignantly.

And many are ready to share this indignation. After all, to say that universal literacy is falling is even somehow trite. Why is all this happening and what to do about it?

Reasons for illiteracy:

1. The first, which is always called by teachers, psychologists and sociologists, is the absence of the habit of reading. And not only children and teenagers do not read, but everyone in general. Or they read, but that's not it: in the "literary waste paper" you will not only find samples of literate speech - there, even with proofreading, things are very bad.
2. Internet communication also makes its contribution: the abbreviations adopted there, slang, careless handling of spelling are involuntarily transferred to normal written speech.
3. We have to state the deterioration of training in schools and universities.
4. Much depends on the fact that the parents are looking for the problem in the wrong place. The child receives a deuce in Russian, and he is scolded for laziness. He can’t connect two words, but he is shoved with all his might into a strong class with a complicated program: they say, it’s better to be lagging behind than in the usual middle class. And as a result, possible speech therapy problems are triggered, which tend to manifest themselves, including as illiteracy.

Reason is disease

So, in the pursuit of literacy, the first thing to do is to show the future student to a speech therapist. And the sooner, the better.

“By the age of four,” says speech therapist Olga Kovalevskaya, “you can determine whether a child is at risk. And this is exactly the age when the treatment will be most effective.”

What should alert parents and become a reason to go to a specialist:

• the child does not pronounce all sounds clearly, replaces one with another (r - l, s - w);
• does not distinguish speech sounds by ear (voiced - deaf, hard - soft, whistling - hissing);
• skips syllables in words: for example, instead of "ve-lo-si-ped" he says "ve-lo-ped";
• the baby has insufficiently developed fine motor skills (cannot tie shoelaces, fasten buttons, etc.);
• visual-spatial representations are insufficiently formed (cannot copy the image, confuses right - left, top - bottom, etc.).

Reading and writing disorders appear already by the middle of the 1st grade. For example, a dyslexic student rearranges or skips letters and sometimes syllables while reading aloud.

And the one who has dysgraphia writes lowercase y instead of lowercase d, and f instead of c. It also skips or rearranges letters in words. And even if he learns all the rules, he will make many mistakes in dictations. The last problem is faced by those who can be diagnosed with dysorphography by a speech therapist.

The myth of innate literacy

It happens that it is not possible to find a test word due to a meager vocabulary. But a speech therapist will no longer help with this problem - if children don’t read much, where does a rich vocabulary come from?

Respect for the book has been instilled since the age of 3. And it starts with how often the child sees mom and dad with a book. And how often and how much they read to him.

“Sometimes I hear a person boast: “I never taught the rules, but I write without mistakes! I have innate literacy!” says psychologist Andrei Sokolov. “From this we can conclude that there is also innate illiteracy. don't study, the result is the same? I'm afraid to upset those who believe in it, but the ability to write without errors is still an acquired property. It's just acquired by those who seem to get it automatically, at an early age. "

What is necessary for the so-called "innate literacy" to appear?

First, you need to have an excellent visual memory.

How to develop visual memory? There are many ways. Let's name the most common among them:

1. work with pictures "Find 10 differences";
2. game "What's missing?": lay out 7-10 items on the table, and when the child says that he remembered them all, ask him to turn away and remove something or rearrange it. The challenge is to determine what has changed;
3. one of the most effective exercises is to show a child a sheet of paper with simple figures or patterns and ask them to try to draw them from memory.

learning

Let's assume the best scenario: your child does not have any speech therapy problems, and the family has a cult of reading. All this does not mean that the child will become literate by itself. The process must be controlled and directed.

Before school

1. When reading aloud, pronounce all the words clearly.
2. Talk to your child more. Every time you read fairy tales, have a conversation: who is the main character, where does he live, what does he do ... And make sure that the child does not answer in monosyllables, but builds sentences logically.

Primary School

1. In the 1st grade, we look at what words the child is mistaken in, and we always do work on the mistakes.
2. We set tasks: to find in the text, for example, proper names (including animal names, city names). We ask: "How would you write them?"
3. In the 2nd-3rd grade, everything is the same, but we ask you to find more and, for example, all adjectives. Or all words with an unstressed vowel, etc.
4. The so-called "letter with holes" is useful for consolidating what has been learned. That is, words in which stressed vowels and vowels in which the child is confident, let him write, and skip those in which he doubts. To think later, pick up test single-root words. For example, they say ... to. Check word "dairy". This is a great technique for developing self-control.
5. When you arrange home dictations, first be sure to read the text aloud and ask the child to close his eyes and, while listening, imagine what the text says. And only then start writing.

high school

1. The biggest mistake parents of sick children (and today most of them do) is to forget that homework is only a third of what students go through in the classroom. That is, simply doing everything that was given at home is completely insufficient: you must also complete all the exercises that are in the textbook on the missed topic.

And in general, the golden rule of an excellent student: it is not the most capable, but the most diligent who passes exams best of all. That is, someone who is not too lazy to perform the entire routine of daily tasks. Then the spelling rules will be followed automatically. Moreover, there are not so many really difficult ones among them. And if they are not given, you need to seek help from the teacher.

1. As in elementary school, error correction remains the most important weapon in the fight against illiteracy. It must be inevitable and mandatory! With a good teacher, all students start a special notebook where they write out the words in which they made mistakes. Then dictations are made from these words: it is quite enough to write them 2 times a week for 5 minutes.

Memoirs

A child with unpleasant persistence forgets the rules and sculpts a mistake on a mistake? It is very difficult not to break loose and scold him at the same time. But you will have to restrain yourself: all the same, there will be no benefit from shouting, and intolerance in this matter is a bad helper. Believe me, the more fun the fight, the easier it is to win.

The Russian language is very logical. Let's take for example the same Agrippina Savvichna: what does she have on her nose - freckles or freckles? And it is immediately clear why it is written "freckled". An experienced teacher knows: if children laugh at a mistake, they will surely remember the correct spelling of the word for the future.

And how to remember all the deaf consonants? Try to memorize s - t - p - k - x - h - w - u - c - f. Difficult, right? Attention - we turn on the fantasy, and now: "Stepka, do you want a cabbage? - Fi!" They are all there and easy to remember.

And, for example, the phrase "Zosya is waiting" includes all consonants, after which the suffix -chik- should be placed.

Not sure how to spell "men" and "women"? Turn on the house-building logic: "husband - rank, wife - cabbage soup." You definitely can't go wrong! Usually children are delighted with such pedagogical tricks.

Discussion

02.12.2017 15:36:44, Rezada

Very good and instructive article. It will be very useful for young mothers, and not only for them, but for many others who want their children to study well and know their native language.

Comment on the article "Russian language: how to become literate. 9 ways and fun memoirs"

In a month and a half, I learned Russian like never before at school, admired every lesson - the subject at a strong school was a failure from the very beginning - phonetic analysis was trained from the age of six until you were blue in the face, and then from 4 ...

Discussion

I studied with my son, though for a very long time, according to Rusova's textbook "The Russian language for applicants to universities." Such a thin little book. There, in a very concentrated form, all the rules of the Russian language and exercises for them were given. We went through this textbook with him in the summer after the 6th grade. Engaged in 1.5-2 months for 2-3 hours a day. We didn't go back to it again. But it was enough for him to finish school with an A in Russian and enter a university.

If there is no time at all, then only a tutor. Optimal - via Skype, so as not to waste time on movement. Rap will identify failures, work out the necessary topics, and provide moral support. And it's not too expensive. Once a week is enough.
If you want trash, then yes Foxford-Internet-Turks-self-education. But we must understand that this is 10 times more time-consuming.

How to improve Russian? Good afternoon everyone. Happy New Year everyone! Tutor of the Russian language, preparation for the exam. Adult education: higher education, MBA, advanced training, training, learning foreign languages.

Russian language: a literate child - how? Rules of the Russian language: learn in the game. " Russian language for everyone. Rules of the Russian language. 44 rules by which grammar is easy to learn!

Discussion

I join the request. You need the same thing, but online. In a computer, the right rule is somehow easier to look for. Thank you!

I don't really understand what "a collection of rules for beginners" means: are they any special for the first 4 classes? There are simply rules of the Russian language. As for me, nothing better than Ditmar Elyashevich has been invented yet.

Russian language: a literate child - how? Rules of the Russian language: learn in the game. Literacy of a student. This happened to my daughter at age 6. In my childhood, the language in a special school began to be taught in the second grade, that is, at the age of 8.

Discussion

But “To the Five Step by Step” somehow didn’t fit us (My son’s Russian grade is decided in almost every trimester - between 3 and 4, but in the last trimester I decided to pull him up and took this matter seriously. Every evening !! we wrote a dictation from the book by Uzorova and Nefedova (for his 3rd grade) and did 1 grammar exercise (sometimes more) from the same Uzorova and Nefedova (in my opinion the whole course of the Russian language is called 3rd grade). each topic is given a lot of the same type of exercises that can be done in the textbook without rewriting in a notebook.In general, even the teacher noticed that things went better.As a result, the assessment was a solid 4. The only difficulty is to make me study extra each evening)))