/ / / The image of Dina in Tolstoy's story "Prisoner of the Caucasus"
The story of Leo Tolstoy "The Prisoner of the Caucasus" surprises with the brightness of the images and the beauty of the landscapes. It has been reprinted many times, which indicates the popularity of the work. is an instructive and fascinating story about courage and loyalty.
Dina is not the main, but a very important character. She is like a female version of the main character Zhilin. The girl is just as kind, devoted, loving to help other people.
Dina is the daughter of a Tatar who held captive Russian officers - Zhilin and. She is 13 years old, she is still young and shy. She wore a blue long shirt trimmed with red along the edges, pants and shoes. Attention was drawn to her long dark hair, braided into a braid. And in the braid - a ribbon with a silver ruble. Her eyes are shining like stars, and at night they glow like a cat's. The girl was very similar to Abdul-Murat's father - just as beautiful.
Dina and are people from different "worlds". He is a Russian officer, she is the daughter of a Tatar. Their peoples are at war, but even this did not prevent the two kindred souls from getting closer. True, this did not happen immediately.
Their first meeting took place when Dina brought water to Zhilin. He was a strange stranger to her, and so she recoiled from him in fright. So much so that even her father smiled.
Zhilin knew how to make various crafts. Once he molded a beautiful doll out of clay, dressed her up in Tatar clothes, and left it on the roof. Dina saw the toy and, seizing the right moment, took it for herself. The girl was very happy with the doll, because she had never played with them before. Unfortunately, the doll was broken - and Dina was very upset. Then the main character decided to make another doll for her. The girl was glad and, as a token of gratitude, began to secretly carry food to Zhilin. Dina childishly generously repaid Zhilin for his kindness. Once she was even able to carry him a piece of lamb.
When Zhilin thought about escaping, he asked Dina to help him. The girl was frightened at first, but at night she made her way to the prisoners and dropped a long stick, along which one could climb up. Dina understood that, having let Zhilin escape, she would not see him again. So, there will be no one else to make cute toys for her. But she was able to overcome her childish selfishness and did a good deed. Parting with a friend, Dina cries, but even then she shows concern by preparing some food for him on the road.
Dina is not only kind, but also a brave girl. Helping the prisoners, she risked incurring the wrath of her father. But already at her young age, she was able to make a moral choice. Dina couldn't let her friend get hurt.
The female image of Dina in Leo Tolstoy's story "Prisoner of the Caucasus" is surprisingly bright and very attractive.
While in the middle of the 19th century in the Caucasus, Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy became participants in a dangerous event that inspired him to write The Prisoner of the Caucasus. While escorting the convoy to the Groznaya fortress, he and a friend fell into a trap for the Chechens. The life of the great writer was saved by the fact that the highlanders did not want to kill his companion, so they did not shoot. Tolstoy and his partner managed to ride to the fortress, where they were covered by the Cossacks.
The key idea of the work is the opposition of an optimistic and strong-willed person to another - sluggish, lack of initiative, grouchy and compassionate. The first character retains courage, honor, courage and achieves release from captivity. The main message: in no case should you give up and give up, there are hopeless situations only for those who do not want to act.
Analysis of the work
Story line
The events of the story unfold in parallel with the Caucasian War and tell about the officer Zhilin, who at the beginning of the work, at the written request of his mother, leaves with a convoy to visit her. On the way, he meets another officer - Kostylin - and continues on his way with him. Having met the highlanders, Zhilin's fellow traveler runs away, and the main character is captured and sold to the rich Abdul-Marat from the mountain village. The fugitive officer is caught later and the prisoners are kept together in a barn.
The highlanders seek to get a ransom for Russian officers and force them to write letters home, but Zhilin writes a false address so that his mother, who cannot collect so much money, does not find out about anything. During the day, prisoners are allowed to walk around the village in stocks and the main character makes dolls for local children, thanks to which he wins the favor of 13-year-old Dina, the daughter of Abdul-Marat. In parallel, he plans an escape and prepares a tunnel from the barn.
Upon learning that the villagers are worried about the death of one of the mountaineers in battle, the officers decide to flee. They exit through the tunnel and go towards the Russian positions, but the highlanders quickly discover and return the fugitives, throwing them into the pit. Now the captives are forced to sit in the stocks around the clock, but from time to time Dina brings Zhilin mutton and cakes. Kostylin finally loses heart, begins to get sick.
One night, the main character, with the help of a long stick brought by Dina, gets out of the pit and, right in the stocks, runs away through the forest to the Russians. Kostylin remains in captivity until the end, until the highlanders receive a ransom for him.
Main characters
Tolstoy portrayed the main character as an honest and authoritative person who treats his subordinates, relatives and even those who captivated him with respect and responsibility. Despite obstinacy and initiative, he is cautious, prudent and cold-blooded, has an inquisitive mind (he navigates by the stars, learns the language of the highlanders). He has self-respect and demands from the "Tatars" respect for the captives. A jack-of-all-trades, he repairs guns, watches and even makes dolls.
Despite the meanness of Kostylin, because of which Ivan was captured, he does not hold a grudge and does not blame his prisoner, plans to run away together and does not leave him after the first almost successful attempt. Zhilin is a hero, noble in relation to enemies and allies, who retains a human face and honor even in the most difficult and insurmountable circumstances.
Kostylin is a wealthy, overweight and clumsy officer, portrayed by Tolstoy as weak both physically and mentally. Because of his cowardice and meanness, the heroes are captured and fail the first attempt to escape. He meekly and unquestioningly accepts the fate of a prisoner, agrees to any conditions of detention and does not even believe Zhilin's words that it is possible to escape. For days on end, he complains about his situation, sits idle, and becomes more and more “limp” from his own pity. As a result, Kostylin is overtaken by illness, and at the time of Zhilin's second attempt to escape, he refuses, saying that he does not even have the strength to turn around. Barely alive, he is brought from captivity a month after the ransom comes from his relatives.
Kostylin in the story of Leo Tolstoy is a reflection of cowardice, meanness and weakness of will. This is a person who is not able, under the yoke of circumstances, to show respect for himself and, moreover, for others. He is afraid only for himself, not thinking about risk and brave actions, because of which he becomes a burden for the active and energetic Zhilin, prolonging the joint imprisonment.
General analysis
One of the most famous stories by Leo Tolstoy, “The Prisoner of the Caucasus,” is based on a comparison of two extremely opposite characters. The author makes them antagonists not only in character, but even in appearance:
- Zhilin is not tall, but has great strength and dexterity, while Kostylin is fat, clumsy, overweight.
- Kostylin is rich, and Zhilin, although he lives in abundance, cannot (and does not want to) pay ransoms to the highlanders.
- Abdul-Marat himself speaks about the obstinacy of Zhilin and the meekness of his partner in a conversation with the main character. The first is an optimist, from the very beginning he expects to run, and the second says that it is reckless to run away, because they do not know the terrain.
- Kostylin sleeps for days on end and waits for a response letter, while Zhilin does needlework and repairs.
- Kostylin leaves Zhilin at their first meeting and runs away to the fortress, but during the first attempt to escape, he drags a comrade with wounded legs on himself.
Tolstoy acts in his story as a bearer of justice, telling a parable about how fate rewards an enterprising and brave person with salvation.
An important idea lies in the title of the work. Kostylin is a prisoner of the Caucasus in the literal sense of the word, even after the ransom, because he did nothing to deserve freedom. However, Tolstoy seems to be ironic about Zhilin - he showed his will and escaped from captivity, but does not leave the region, because he considers his service to be fate and duty. The Caucasus will captivate not only Russian officers who are forced to fight for their homeland, but also mountaineers, who also have no moral right to give up this land. In a certain sense, all the actors here remain Caucasian captives, even the generous Dina, who is destined to continue to live in her native society.
In the work of L.N. Tolstoy's "Prisoner of the Caucasus" Dean is a minor character, although her role is very significant. This thin thirteen-year-old girl with expressive black eyes is the daughter of the Tatar Abdul-Murat, who kept captive officers.
Dean has character traits that a true mountain woman possesses. This is respect for the older generation, obedience, modesty and diligence. The girl never left her village and obviously did not see people of other nationalities, so she is afraid of the captives, and at the same time she is interested. Therefore, she watches with great curiosity how Zhilin drinks and eats, she childishly believed that the Russians do such simple things differently. Gradually, Dina realized that the captives are no different from the inhabitants of her village, they are the same people. After Zhilin gave her a doll made by him, the girl stopped being afraid of him and a secret friendship began between them.
Dina is undoubtedly a brave and sympathetic child. Knowing that she could be severely punished by her father for helping the captives, she still carried water and food for her new friend. A girl who lives in a society at war with the Russians does not see them as enemies and is very compassionate to the captives, trying to alleviate their plight a little.
She is a very emotional and vulnerable child, the state of rest is not typical for her. Dina laughs, then sobs, such a change of mood can be provoked by any minor incident. She has a very developed sense of gratitude. Having received a toy from Zhilin, the girl tried to provide him with the minimum help that was within her power.
Attached with all her heart to the main character, Dina took a big risk when she found out that the prisoners were going to be executed. Despite her fear of her father, she did everything to save her friend from harm. Fear for the life of his comrade defeated the selfishness inherent in children. Dina realized that by helping Zhilin escape, she would lose the communication she was used to, that there would be no more toys that would bring her great joy. She knew that she would never see the man she loved so much.
The brave, little heroine shows adult care for her ward. Helping him in his escape, she makes sure that the captive is provided with food, at least for a short time.
Dina is alien to the concept of "enemy", she does not accept violence and has a negative attitude towards war. She does not understand the hostility and hatred of other people, because thanks to her friendship with Zhilin, she understands that all people are the same and have the right to life.
Sample 2
Dina is the heroine of the work "Prisoner of the Caucasus" by Leo Tolstoy. Readers loved this work because of the description of the beautiful landscapes of nature. During the life of the author, thousands of copies were printed, which subsequently dispersed around the world. All this pointed to the unprecedented popularity of the work.
Dina, although not the main character, is still very important. Many readers began to mistake her for the female incarnation of Zhilin. She is young, only thirteen years old. Her appearance is always the same. She wears a long shirt and boots. She was always the center of attention, or rather her long hair, which she braided into one big and thick braid. And she decorated her braid with bright multi-colored ribbons. She had beautiful eyes that everyone compared to the eyes of a cat. In general, the girl was very beautiful and looked like her father.
Dina and Zhilin have never been berries of the same field. Zhilin is a service officer, and Dina is an ordinary daughter of a Tatar. There were many barriers between them. They were of different nationalities, and their peoples were at war with each other. But these contradictions could not put them closer. But that alone took a long time. Dina's first impression of Zhilin was not the best. Their first meeting took place when Dina brought water to Zhilin. He scared her and she ran away from him. Dina's father saw this and just laughed.
Zhilin tried with all his might to improve relations with Dina. He was a needleworker and made for her the figure of a girl out of clay. He dressed her in beautiful national clothes and left her on the porch. The girl, noticing her, took her from the porch and left herself. The girl appreciated this gift very much, since no one had given her such gifts before. Unfortunately, she could not save him, and she often felt sad about this. Upon learning about this, Zhilin made a new doll. For these good deeds, Dina began to secretly feed Zhilin.
When Zhilin began to plan an escape, he asked Dina for help. She initially refused, but then agreed. At night, she brought a stick with which it was possible to get out of the pit where the captives were sitting. She did all this with sadness in her heart, because if Zhilin escapes to her, someone will not make clay dolls. She did not succumb to the feeling and helped the prisoners escape. On top of that, she packed a bag of food so she wouldn't go hungry on the road.
Dina was a kind and sympathetic girl. She did not allow selfishness to appear, and was able to do a good deed.
Essay about Dina
On the pages of the story, the problem that some people can elevate themselves above others is revealed. They arrogate to themselves the right to dispose of other people's destinies. With pain in your soul you read the pages describing the sale of people! This is unacceptable savagery!
But what pride and joy fills the heart when Dina appears on the pages of the story! This is the thirteen-year-old daughter of the highlander Abdul, who bought the Russian captive officer Zhilin.
Dina is an unusually kind and brave girl. She is modest and shy, as all mountain women should be. She gradually comes into contact with Zhilin, who, with tenderness and enviable skill, sculpts clay dolls for the children of the village. These figures are very interested in the girl. However, she, showing great interest in them, still does not take them at first. For her, Zhilin was a stranger.
But soon everything changes. The girl feels kindness and care from the Russian officer. Gradually, a great friendship develops between them, as modest as Dina herself.
Dina's kindness is special. It's not that hard to be kind in a casual setting. It is much more difficult to show this quality in relation to the enemy. That is the peculiarity of the character of this smart little girl.
What willpower, courage one must possess in order to show generosity and mercy to the enemy!
Dina's kindness is dangerous to her. Only a very brave and desperate person will risk his well-being for the sake of a stranger. Dina takes this risk. And she does it consciously, understanding what help to the captive can turn out for her.
At the beginning of the story, she takes a risk, bringing cakes, milk, pieces of lamb to the Russian officer. At the end of the work, her help to Zhilin takes on a more serious scale. It is one thing to feed a man, and another thing to provide him with a ladder with which he will escape from his father's barn.
A child's heart is more sensitive to the pain and grief of a person against whom everyone in the village took up arms. Dina cannot leave a friend in need. She turns out to be taller than the adult Kostylin, who at the beginning of the story abandons Zhilin at the sight of the "Tatars". And even if the hero's escape had failed, the girl's act is equated to a feat.
Dina is a person who can be admired endlessly!
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Ivan Zhilin is one of the key characters in the work of Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy "". The image of Zhilin is the image of a bold and courageous Russian officer. He comes from a poor family. Ivan is not used to asking for help, he always achieves his goals on his own. The officer respects himself and those around him. He wasn't used to being idle. The man is constantly at work.
The image of Zhilin in the story
Once captured by the highlanders, the officer did not lose heart. He continues to work, hatching an escape plan. Thanks to his sincerity and rebellious character, Zhilin wins respect from the Caucasians who captivated him. Ivan is engaged in making toys, repairing watches, waiting for the right moment to escape.
Zhilin has a good heart, he is fast with his master's daughter, Dina. The girl was imbued with all her heart to the Russian prisoner of war, who made funny dolls for her. Dina secretly brought food to Ivan, and then completely helped to escape.
A distinctive feature of Zhilin's character is obstinacy, and at the same time justice to everyone around him. Endurance and tough temper of Ivan, is the image of a real Russian officer. The honor and dignity of which, in our time, are inherent, alas, not to everyone.
Literature Gymnasium No. 000
GOALS AND OBJECTIVES: - follow how the image of Dina is created in the novel;
Solve the question of the role of Dina in the work.
BOARD DECORATION: portrait; reproductions illustrating episodes in which Dina appears; students' drawings are placed on a separate stand.
DURING THE CLASSES:
1. Introduction by the teacher.
Each work of literature is an amazing and beautiful world of images, colors and sounds. Man always stands at the center of this world. Therefore, a special place in the work is always occupied by characters - the protagonists of the work.
The author creates the image of each character with the help of special techniques. And our task is to learn to see them in the text in order to make a complete impression about the hero, to learn to understand his feelings and thoughts, and most importantly, to understand what role the author assigns to this character in the work.
In previous lessons, we watched how the images of Zhilin and Kostylin were created by the author. Today we have to work on the image of Dina.
2. Work with the text of the novel "Prisoner of the Caucasus". At the same time, students make their own notes in notebooks.
1). Remember what helps to correctly characterize the artistic image? What should you pay attention to first of all in the text?
portrait
deeds
2). Now let's turn to the text. Remember the episode in which Dina appears before the reader for the first time / the episode is read by heart by a pre-prepared student /.
From words “Zhilin showed with his lips and hands that they gave him a drink” to words “He doesn’t take his eyes off - he looks.”
How is the girl described in this episode? What will we learn about her?
/Dina is shown through the eyes of Zhilin/
What does her clothes say?
How are her movements described?
What can you say about the attitude of her father, Zhilin, towards her?
What did this episode reveal to us?
3). Let's turn to the second episode.
From words “Zhilin was a master of all needlework” to words "leave and run away".
How is the relationship between Dina and Zhilin developing? / they got along
- Has Diana changed? Why did she become attached to Zhilin?
/They are alike; they have a lot in common. At first - curiosity, interest in a new person. Then - Dina felt a sincere, kind person in Zhilina, she began to trust him. Another thing brought them together - a feeling of loneliness: Zhilin is a prisoner, Dina is an orphan. She is lonely, she needs affection, understanding, care. This is not said directly, but the reader is given a hint: an episode where Dina shakes a doll in her arms./
What traits of Dina's character will we learn from this episode?
Dina is responsive, knows how to empathize, feel the pain, loneliness of another person; she is caring, kind-hearted, remembers and appreciates kindness, responds in kind, etc.
4). Now let's turn to chapter 6.
/ Zilina's escape; pit; Tatars are embittered, do not feed /
- How is Dina represented in this episode? Has she forgotten about her friend? Read.
/ « All of a sudden right on his knees ... "/
What will the word "suddenly" tell you; Dina's laugh?
/ she is glad that she sees Zhilin again and that she managed to surprise him /
Why would she run away and then come back?
/ found out that trouble threatens Zhilin; she couldn't leave a friend
What is Dean's condition? What helps you understand this?
/ Dina is sad, upset. This can be understood by paying attention to the verbs that convey the movements of the girl. Previously, she ran away, jumped, laughed, but now she quieted down: “she sat, was silent.”
How is this episode different from the previous two?
/ Dialogue. Zhilin and Dina began to understand each other, they say (!) /
What do we learn about Dean?
/ She is a faithful, devoted friend; ready to help, sacrifice yourself; will not leave a friend in trouble; thinks not about himself - about a friend; sensitive, brave, resolute, prudent./
"eyes like a cat" / "little eyes like stars"
"jumped like a goat" / "light as a goat"
hands / "little hands .., like twigs"
Explain the last sentence of this episode. Why did Dina run away so quickly?
/ The hour of farewell has come. It's very hard. Yes, and Zhilin has little time. Dina understood this.
5). So let's summarize our observations. How is the image of Dina created in the work?
/ Tolstoy uses comparisons when describing the girl's movements. It is the movements that betray Dina's internal state. The author also creates a portrait. It sounds twice in the work, almost without change ("black, bright eyes"). However, in the last episode, the author chooses words of a more emotional coloring.
Dina is similar to the heroines of folk tales, primarily with her inner beauty, love, loyalty and devotion./
In creating the images of Zhilin and Kostylin, the writer uses speaking surnames. Let's turn to the interpretation of Dina's name (the assignment was received by the student in advance).
3. The result of the lesson.
Guys, do you remember that the short story was written by Tolstoy specifically for children. I propose to solve an important question for you: “For what purpose does he introduce the image of Dina into his work? What is the role of this character?
/ Before us is a work of artistic style. As we remember, the task of artistic style is impact. through Dina affects its readers. The narrative becomes warmer in the episodes with the girl. It is she who helps Zhilin escape. She can serve as an example of loyalty and devotion to us.
But the main thing I wanted to show is that for kindness, love, and mutual understanding, nationality is not important (Dina is a Tatar, Zhilin is a Russian). People are able to live in peace and should strive for this. Tolstoy teaches us to love all people, regardless of their nationality and skin color. If there are more such stories of friendship, as described in the story, peace will reign on the planet./
Did you like Dina? Would you like to have such a friend?
What do you value most in your friends? What did you learn from the heroine of the novel?
We don't say goodbye to this girl. I suggest that you write a letter to your friend at home, telling about a wonderful girl from a distant Caucasian village.
