A good heart distinguishes a real person from a beast in human form. Kindness is a constant concept, it either exists or it never existed, but it is never too late to sow the seeds of goodness in your heart. In the history of hostilities, the first thing that is always reported is the number of casualties, so no one can remember the vast amount of human compassion that flourished in times of violence. All these people said no to violence and chose love instead. These are strong people who should serve as an example to all of us.
An infantryman consoles his comrade. Korean War, p. 1950 - 1953
Petty Officer Ryan Lee and dog Waldo are hugged on the floor of the hospital after a successful rescue. Afghan war, 2011
This German soldier from the East knew he shouldn't let this child through the Berlin Wall, but the boy was separated from his parents. The sentinel raises the barbed wire to let him through, while looking around for those who might see it
Dick Powell shares a meal with a puppy. Korean War, 1951
A medic bandages a child's wounded leg while his younger brother is at his side. World War II, 1944
Christians protect Muslims while they pray during the Egyptian Revolution. Cairo, Egypt, 2011
A Russian special forces officer carries a freed child from a school occupied by terrorists. Beslan, 2004
A Bosnian soldier tends to a child he rescued during the Gorazde evacuation, 1995
A Ukrainian woman gives a drink to a Soviet soldier. World War II, 1941
A German soldier applies a bandage to a wounded Soviet woman. World War II, 1941
An Afghan soldier carries a crying baby from the site of a recent explosion. Afghan war, 2001 - 2014
A German soldier shares his rations with a Russian mother and her child. World War II, 1941
The Egyptian thanks the soldiers after they refused to obey the order that they were to fire on civilians. Egyptian Revolution, 2011
Journalist Raymond Walker runs across a bridge in France with a child to save him from the Spanish Civil War, 1936
American soldiers of the 4th Armored Division are pushing a captured vehicle with two seriously wounded German soldiers. World War II, January 26, 1945
A woman protects an injured demonstrator by blocking the way for a military bulldozer. Egypt, 2013
Marine Frank Praytor feeds a kitten after his mother was killed by a mortar blast. Korean War, 1953
U.S. Navy corpsman Richard Barnett holds a baby girl after she was separated from her family during a shootout. Iraqi war, 2003
A French soldier helps a family fleeing the Spanish Civil War, 1938
A Jordanian soldier warms the hands of a Syrian child evacuated from the country. Syrian civil war, 2013
A priest comfortingly holds a wounded soldier after he comes under sniper fire aimed specifically at eliminating people in this area. Uprising in Venezuela, 1962
A Tunisian girl hands a soldier a rose after the army refused to fire on protesters and said it would "defend the revolution". Tunisian revolution, 2011
A football match between British and German soldiers on the Western Front as they left their trenches. World War I, December 24, 1914
A boy leads a blind old man across the street during the war. Korean War, since 1951
An American soldier holds the hand of an Afghan girl. Afghan war, 2010
A soldier shares food and water with the children of Saipan, July 1944
German soldiers are playing with a kitten. World War II, 1943
Three German soldiers help a Frenchman stuck in the mud of the fields near Verdun. World War I, p. 1916
Protesters carry an injured policeman to safety. Türkiye, 2013
American soldiers treat a wounded dog. World War II, 1944
Soldier talking to a little girl, 2011
18-year-old Keshia Thomas defends a Nazi from an angry mob, 1996
The soldier befriends the puppy. Iraqi war, 2003 - 2011
American soldiers invited Dutch children to dance. World War II, 1944 - 1945
A native of Papua New Guinea, who were nicknamed the "Fuzzy Wuzzy Angels", accompanies a wounded Australian soldier. World War II, 1942
A Soviet soldier shares his cigarettes with German prisoners of war. World War II, July 1943
A brave priest organizes a human shield between the demonstrators and the police. Ukrainian revolution, 2013
Two American soldiers console a crying girl with a puppy. World War II, 1944
A protester hugs Officer Joselito Sevilla after he yelled at him. Manila, Philippines, 2013
A soldier runs from the battlefield with two small Vietnamese children in his arms. Vietnam War, 1955-1975
The epic novel by Leo Tolstoy is a rather instructive work. It reveals true and false values, unmasks hypocrites and shows unnoticed virtue, reveals the nature of each hero who appears before the reader both in happiness and in sorrow. This is an extremely truthful book that makes us delve deeper into the essence of social relationships and understand how important it is to turn our gaze inwards. Therefore, such moral categories as indifference and responsiveness are presented in War and Peace to the fullest extent, and we can find many useful arguments there for the final essay.
- Princess Mary has always been a sympathetic and kind girl, although people did not always reciprocate her feelings. For example, her harsh and rude father underestimated and humiliated her daughter in every possible way. She, however, treated him with touching concern. She reacted humbly to the insults of the head of the family, although her self-esteem suffered significantly because of them. Marya is sure that she is not beautiful, and, judging by the words of her father, there is no mind in her. However, the heroine did not withdraw into herself and did not harbor evil, but continued to come to the aid of all those in need with kindness and tenderness. It was she who raised her brother's child and sheltered the Rostovs. Even her relentless parent, before his death, asked her for forgiveness for his antics, as he realized how devoted and sympathetic his daughter was. Tolstoy put these qualities in women above beauty, and he was right.
- Indifference throughout the novel did not tire of showing Helen Kuragina. She went over her heads to her goals and did not consider the feelings of other people. For example, she didn’t care what Pierre feels when looking at her betrayals. She deceived him and married in order to get his money and arrange her idle life luxuriously. With the same indifference, she changed lovers, because they were just a mirror in which she saw her attractiveness. Satiated and spoiled, she found entertainment by playing with the fate of Natasha Rostova. It was Helen who lured her into the arms of her dishonest brother and actually became the culprit of her shame, betraying friendship. However, the disregard for others backfired on her in full, because in difficult times no one came to her aid.
- Responsiveness was a hallmark of Natasha Rostova, who has always been a sensitive and devoted friend, a wonderful daughter and a merciful girl. For example, Pierre Bezukhov was very fond of her company, because the heroine always supported him with advice, sympathy and pity. Throughout the story, she kindly treats Sonya, comforting the poor orphan and giving her hope. She also treats her parents with attention and participation, not allowing them to lose heart. Natasha showed phenomenal strength of mind when she gave reins to the wounded soldiers and eased their suffering, despite the objections of her mother. Andrey Bolkonsky needed her responsiveness especially strongly. The heroine looked after him when he was dying, and was able to lighten his soul before his death, breathe into her calmness and peace, which the prince lacked so much in the war. For her virtue, she was rewarded with a happy marriage.
- Nikolai Rostov showed shameful indifference to the fate of his relatives, getting into debt and putting his family in a difficult situation. In fact, his frivolity became the reason for the ruin of the Rostovs. He knew how hard life was for his family, but he squandered almost the last money to maintain his status in the service. In addition, his indifference to Sonya, who was so devotedly waiting for him, is unpleasantly surprising. At first he shows sympathy for the girl, then becomes cold with her, and already frankly declares that he will not be against her marriage. Selfishness is characteristic of this hero, and life teaches a selfish lesson when he is forced to admit that because of him the family was on the verge of a local economic crisis. Then the humiliating prospect of a marriage of convenience arises before him, and only a timely insight gives him a chance to arrange his fate with dignity and help his relatives. This example demonstrates the fact that people can change for the better and overcome indifference in themselves.
- Mikhail Kutuzov in the novel "War and Peace" shows responsiveness to the soldiers and protects their lives, unlike the same Napoleon. The general is ready to endure the ridicule of the nobility and the wrath of the emperor, only to save the army from unnecessary losses. The hero teaches this difficult science to the ambitious Prince Andrei, but he did not immediately understand her wisdom, like most young people. They did not yet know how much blood is shed in a war inspired by ambition. This unstoppable element of violence and death could be restrained only by the person who feels the tragedy of every family that has lost its breadwinner, feels the grief of the country and people. Such, no doubt, was General Kutuzov, who was not indifferent to every fighter and believed that it was a simple peasant guy who lifted victory on his shoulders, and not military leaders and monarchs. This attitude of the commander led the Russian army to success.
- Indifference on a national scale appears before the reader when he sees Napoleon. This emperor was obsessed with his importance, his ambitions, so he did not think about the price at which he gets victories. He drove the soldiers forward, not feeling their fatigue and despondency in foreign lands, where one cold can drive you crazy. Moving towards Moscow, forgetting about caution, the commander lost sight of the fact that in the event of a retreat, his soldiers would have nothing to eat, because the Smolensk road was burned and devastated. In pursuit of glory, he dropped responsibility for the lives of his subjects - this is the main reason why his attack was doomed to failure. Kutuzov knew this and took advantage of the enemy's ambition, for whom momentary success was more important than the army - the capture of Moscow. But the French governor paid for his indifference: he lost, lost a significant part of the army and returned home with nothing. Interesting? Save it on your wall!
] and his departure to Belaya Tserkov, where this regiment was formed, the countess found fear. The thought that both her sons are at war, that both of them have left under her wing, that today or tomorrow each of them, and perhaps both together, like the three sons of one of her acquaintances, can be killed, in for the first time now, this summer, came to her mind with cruel clarity. She tried to get Nikolai to her, she wanted to go to Petya herself, to find him somewhere in Petersburg, but both turned out to be impossible. Petya could not be returned otherwise than together with the regiment or by transfer to another active regiment. Nikolai was somewhere in the army and after his last letter, in which he described in detail his meeting with Princess Marya, he did not give a rumor about himself. The countess did not sleep at night, and when she fell asleep, she saw her murdered sons in a dream. After many councils and negotiations, the count finally came up with a means to calm the countess. He transferred Petya from the Obolensky regiment to the Bezukhov regiment, which was being formed near Moscow. Although Petya remained in military service, but with this transfer, the countess had the consolation to see at least one son under her wing and hoped to arrange her Petya so that she would no longer let him out and always enroll in such places of service where he could not get in any way. into battle. While Nicolas alone was in danger, it seemed to the countess (and she even repented of this) that she loved her elder more than all the other children; but when the younger one, a naughty fellow who had studied badly, broke everything in the house and bored everyone with Petya, this snub-nosed Petya, with his merry black eyes, fresh blush and slightly piercing down on his cheeks, got there, to these big, terrible, cruel men who there they fight something and find something joyful in it - then it seemed to the mother that she loved him more, much more than all her children. The closer the time approached when the expected Petya was supposed to return to Moscow, the more the countess's anxiety increased. She already thought that she would never wait for this happiness. The presence of not only Sopi, but also her beloved Natasha, even her husband, irritated the countess. “What do I care about them, I don’t need anyone but Petya!” she thought.
In the last days of August, the Rostovs received a second letter from Nikolai. He wrote from the Voronezh province, where he was sent for horses. This letter did not reassure the countess. Knowing one son was out of danger, she became even more worried about Petya.
Despite the fact that already on the 20th of August almost all the acquaintances of the Rostovs left Moscow, despite the fact that everyone persuaded the countess to leave as soon as possible, she did not want to hear anything about leaving until her treasure returned, beloved Petya. Petya arrived on August 28. The painfully passionate tenderness with which his mother greeted him did not please the sixteen-year-old officer. Despite the fact that his mother hid from him her intention not to let him out now from under her wing, Petya understood her intentions and, instinctively afraid that he would not become tender with his mother, not get offended (as he thought to himself), he coldly treated her, avoided her, and during his stay in Moscow exclusively kept company with Natasha, for whom he always had a special, almost amorous, brotherly tenderness.
Due to the count's usual carelessness, on August 28 nothing was yet ready for departure, and the carts expected from the Ryazan and Moscow villages to lift all the property from the house did not arrive until the 30th.
From August 28 to August 31, all of Moscow was in trouble and in motion. Every day, thousands of wounded in the battle of Borodino were brought into and transported around Moscow to the Dorogomilovskaya outpost, and thousands of carts, with residents and property, went to other outposts. In spite of Rostopchin's billboards, or independently of them, or because of them, the most contradictory and strange news was broadcast around the city. Who spoke about the fact that no one was ordered to leave; who, on the contrary, said that they had taken all the icons from the churches and that they were all forcibly expelled; who said that there was another battle after Borodino, in which the French were defeated; who said, on the contrary, that the entire Russian army was destroyed; who talked about the Moscow militia, which will go ahead with the clergy to the Three Mountains; who quietly told that Augustine was not ordered to leave, that traitors were caught, that the peasants rebelled and robbed those who leave, etc., etc. But this was only said, and in fact, by those who were traveling, and those who remained (despite the fact that there had not yet been a council in Fili, at which it was decided to leave Moscow) - everyone felt, although they did not show it, that Moscow would certainly be surrendered and that it was necessary to get out as soon as possible and save your property. It was felt that everything should suddenly be torn apart and changed, but until the 1st, nothing had changed yet. Just as a criminal who is being led to execution knows that he is about to die, but still looks around him and adjusts his badly worn hat, so Moscow involuntarily continued its usual life, although it knew that the time of death was near, when the all those conditional relations of life to which we are accustomed to submit.
During these three days preceding the capture of Moscow, the entire Rostov family was in various everyday troubles. The head of the family, Count Ilya Andreich, constantly traveled around the city, collecting rumors from all sides, and at home made general superficial and hasty orders about preparations for departure.
The countess watched the cleaning of things, was dissatisfied with everything and went after Petya, who was constantly running away from her, jealous of him for Natasha, with whom he spent all the time. Sonya alone was in charge of the practical side of the matter: packing things. But Sonya has been especially sad and silent all this lately. Nicolas' letter, in which he mentioned Princess Marya, evoked in her presence the Countess's joyful reflections about how she saw God's Providence in Princess Marya's meeting with Nicolas.
I was never happy then, - said the countess, - when Bolkonsky was Natasha's fiancé, but I always wanted, and I have a premonition that Nikolinka will marry the princess. And how good it would be!
Sonya felt that this was true, that the only way to improve the affairs of the Rostovs was to marry a rich woman, and that the princess was a good match. But she was very sad about it. In spite of her grief, or perhaps precisely because of her grief, she took upon herself all the difficult cares of the arrangements for cleaning and packing things, and was busy all day long. The count and countess turned to her when they needed to order something. Petya and Natasha, on the contrary, not only did not help their parents, but for the most part they annoyed and interfered with everyone in the house. And all day long their running, screams and causeless laughter were almost audible in the house. They laughed and rejoiced not at all because there was a reason for their laughter; but their hearts were joyful and cheerful, and therefore everything that happened was for them a cause of joy and laughter. Petya was happy because, having left home as a boy, he returned (as everyone told him) a fine man; it was merry because he was at home, because he had come from Belaya Tserkov, where there was no hope of falling into battle soon, to Moscow, where they would fight one of these days; and most importantly, cheerful because Natasha, whose spirit he always obeyed, was cheerful. Natasha, on the other hand, was cheerful because she had been sad for too long, and now nothing reminded her of the cause of her sadness, and she was healthy. She was also cheerful because there was a person who admired her (the admiration of others was that wheel grease that was necessary for her car to move completely freely), and Petya admired her. Most importantly, they were cheerful because the war was near Moscow, that they would fight at the outpost, that they were handing out weapons, that everyone was running away, leaving somewhere, that in general something extraordinary was happening, which is always joyful for a person, especially for young.
Berg, the Rostovs' son-in-law, was already a colonel with Vladimir and Anna around his neck, and occupied the same calm and pleasant position of assistant chief of staff, assistant to the first department of the chief of staff of the second corps. On September 1, he came from the army to Moscow.
He had nothing to do in Moscow; but he noticed that everyone from the army asked to go to Moscow and did something there. He also considered it necessary to take time off for household and family affairs.
Berg, in his neat little droshky, on a pair of well-fed, savras little ones, exactly the same as one prince had, drove up to his father-in-law's house. He looked attentively into the yard at the carts and, entering the porch, took out a clean handkerchief and tied a knot.
From the ante-room Berg, with a floating, impatient step, ran into the drawing-room and embraced the count, kissed the hands of Natasha and Sonya, and hurriedly asked about mother's health.
What is health now? Well, tell me, - said the count, - what about the troops? Are they retreating or will there be more fighting?
One eternal God, father, - said Berg, - can decide the fate of the fatherland. The army is burning with the spirit of heroism, and now the leaders, so to speak, have gathered for a meeting. What will happen is unknown. But I will tell you in general, dad, such a heroic spirit, the truly ancient courage of the Russian troops, which they - it is, - he corrected, - showed or showed in this battle on the 26th, there are no words worthy to describe them ... I'll tell you I’ll tell you, papa (he hit himself in the chest in the same way as one general who spoke in front of him hit himself, although a little late, because it was necessary to hit himself in the chest at the word “Russian army”) - I’ll tell you frankly that we, the commanders, not only were not supposed to urge the soldiers or anything like that, but we could hardly hold on to these, these ... yes, courageous and ancient feats, ”he said quickly. - General Barclay de Tolly sacrificed his life everywhere in front of the troops, I'll tell you. Our body was placed on the slope of the mountain. Can you imagine! - And then Berg told everything that he remembered from the various stories he had heard during this time. Natasha, not lowering her gaze, which confused Berg, as if looking for the solution of some question on his face, looked at him.
Such heroism in general, which the Russian soldiers showed, cannot be imagined and deservedly praised! - said Berg, looking back at Natasha and as if wanting to appease her, smiling at her in response to her stubborn look ... - “Russia is not in Moscow, it is in the hearts of her sons!” So, papa? Berg said.
At that moment, the Countess came out of the sofa-room, looking tired and displeased. Berg hastily jumped up, kissed the countess's hand, inquired about her health, and, expressing his sympathy by shaking his head, stopped beside her.
Yes, mother, I will truly tell you, hard and sad times for every Russian. But why worry so much? You still have time to leave...
I don’t understand what people are doing,” said the countess, turning to her husband, “they just told me that nothing is ready yet. After all, someone has to take care of it. So you will regret Mitenka. This will not end!
The count wanted to say something, but apparently refrained. He got up from his chair and walked to the door.
Berg at this time, as if to blow his nose, took out a handkerchief and, looking at the bundle, thought, shook his head sadly and significantly.
And I have a big request for you, dad, - he said.
Hm? .. - said the count, stopping.
I'm driving past Yusupov's house now," Berg said, laughing. - The manager is familiar to me, ran out and asked if you could buy something. I came in, you know, out of curiosity, and there was only a wardrobe and a toilet. You know how much Verushka wanted this and how we argued about it. (Berg involuntarily turned into a tone of joy about his well-being when he began to talk about a chiffonier and a toilet.) And such a charm! comes forward with the English secret, you know? And Verochka has long wanted to. So I want to surprise her. I saw so many of these men in your yard. Give me one, please, I'll pay him well and...
The Count winced and sighed.
Ask the countess, but I do not order.
If it’s difficult, please don’t,” Berg said. - I would only really like for Verushka.
Oh, get out of here, all of you, to hell, to hell, to hell, to hell! .. - shouted the old count. - My head is spinning. And he left the room.
The Countess wept.
Yes, yes, mama, very hard times! Berg said.
Natasha went out with her father and, as if thinking something with difficulty, first followed him, and then ran downstairs.
On the porch stood Petya, engaged in arming people who were traveling from Moscow. In the yard, the laid wagons were still standing. Two of them were untied, and an officer, supported by a batman, climbed onto one of them.
Do you know what for? - Petya asked Natasha (Natasha realized that Petya understood: why father and mother quarreled). She didn't answer.
For the fact that papa wanted to give all the carts for the wounded, - said Petya. - Vasilich told me. In my opinion...
In my opinion, - Natasha suddenly almost screamed, turning her embittered face to Petya, - in my opinion, this is such disgusting, such an abomination, such ... I don’t know! Are we some kind of Germans? .. - Her throat trembled from convulsive sobs, and she, afraid of weakening and releasing a charge of her anger for nothing, turned and quickly rushed up the stairs. Berg sat beside the countess and kindly and respectfully consoled her. The count, pipe in hand, was walking around the room when Natasha, with a face disfigured by anger, burst into the room like a storm and quickly approached her mother.
This is disgusting! This is an abomination! she screamed. - It can't be what you ordered.
Berg and the countess looked at her in bewilderment and fear. The count stopped at the window, listening.
Mother, this is impossible; look what's in the yard! she screamed. - They stay!
What happened to you? Who are they? What do you want?
Wounded, that's who! It's impossible, mother; it's not like anything ... No, mama, my dear, it's not that, please forgive me, my dear ... Mama, what do we need, what we will take away, you just look at what is in the yard ... Mama !.. It can't be!..
The count stood at the window and, without turning his face, listened to Natasha's words. Suddenly he sniffled and put his face close to the window.
The countess looked at her daughter, saw her face, ashamed of her mother, saw her excitement, understood why her husband now did not look back at her, and looked around her with a bewildered look.
Ah, do as you please! Am I bothering anyone! she said, not yet suddenly, giving up.
Mother, dove, forgive me!
But the countess pushed her daughter away and went up to the count.
Mon cher, you dispose of it as it should... I don't know that," she said, lowering her eyes guiltily.
Eggs ... eggs teach a chicken ... - the count said through happy tears and hugged his wife, who was glad to hide her ashamed face on his chest.
Papa, mama! Can you arrange? Is it possible? .. - Natasha asked. “We’ll still take everything we need,” Natasha said.
The count nodded his head in the affirmative, and Natasha, with the quick run with which she ran into the burners, ran down the hall into the hall and up the stairs to the courtyard.
People gathered near Natasha and until then they could not believe the strange order that she transmitted, until the count himself, in the name of his wife, confirmed the orders to give all the carts under the wounded, and carry the chests to the pantries. Having understood the order, people with joy and trouble set to a new business. Not only did this not seem strange to the servant now, but, on the contrary, it seemed that it could not be otherwise; just as a quarter of an hour before, not only did it not seem strange to anyone that they were leaving the wounded and taking things, but it seemed that it could not be otherwise.
All the households, as if paying for the fact that they had not taken up this earlier, set about with troublesome new business of accommodating the wounded. The wounded crawled out of their rooms and surrounded the wagons with joyful pale faces. A rumor also spread in the neighboring houses that there were carts, and the wounded from other houses began to come to the Rostovs' courtyard. Many of the wounded asked not to take things off and only to put them on top. But once the business of dumping things had begun, it could no longer stop. It was all the same to leave all or half. In the yard lay uncleaned chests with dishes, with bronze, with paintings, mirrors, which they had so carefully packed the previous night, and everyone looked for and found an opportunity to put this and that and give more and more carts.
You can still take four, - said the manager, - I give my wagon, otherwise where are they?
Yes, give me my wardrobe, - said the countess. - Dunyasha will sit in the carriage with me.
They also gave a dressing wagon and sent it for the wounded through two houses. All the household and servants were merrily animated. Natasha was in an enthusiastically happy animation, which she had not experienced for a long time.
Where to tie it? - people said, adjusting the chest to the narrow back of the carriage, - you must leave at least one cart.
What is he with? Natasha asked.
With graph books.
Leave. Vasilyich will remove it. It is not necessary.
The cart was full of people; doubted where Pyotr Ilyich would sit.
He's on the goats. After all, you are on the goats, Petya? Natasha screamed.
Sonya busied herself without ceasing, too; but the aim of her troubles was the opposite of Natasha's. She put away those things that should have been left; wrote them down, at the request of the countess, and tried to take with her as much as possible.
With God blessing! said Yefim, putting on his hat. - Pull it out! - Postilion touched. The right drawbar fell into the yoke, the high springs crunched, and the body swayed. The footman jumped on the goats on the move. The carriage shook as it left the yard onto the shaking pavement, the other carriages shook in the same way, and the train moved up the street. In the carriages, the carriage and the britzka, everyone was baptized at the church, which was opposite. The people who remained in Moscow walked on both sides of the carriages, seeing them off.
Natasha rarely experienced such a joyful feeling as the one she now felt, sitting in the carriage next to the countess and looking at the walls of abandoned, alarmed Moscow slowly moving past her. From time to time she leaned out of the carriage window and looked back and forth at the long train of wounded that preceded them. Almost ahead of everyone she could see the closed top of Prince Andrei's carriage. She did not know who was in it, and every time, thinking about the area of \u200b\u200bher convoy, she looked for this carriage with her eyes. She knew that she was ahead of everyone.
In Kudrin, from Nikitskaya, from Presnya, from Podnovinsky, several trains of the same type as the Rostov train had arrived, and carriages and carts were already traveling along Sadovaya in two rows.
Driving around the Sukharev Tower, Natasha, curiously and quickly examining the people riding and walking, suddenly cried out with joy and surprise:
Fathers! Mom, Sonya, look, it's him!
Who? Who?
Look, by God, Bezukhov! - said Natasha, leaning out the window of the carriage and looking at a tall, fat man in a coachman's caftan, obviously a well-dressed gentleman in gait and posture, who, next to a yellow, beardless old man in a frieze overcoat, approached under the arch of the Sukharev Tower.
By God, Bezukhov, in a caftan, with some old boy! By God, - said Natasha, - look, look!
No, it's not him. Is it possible, such nonsense.
Mom, - Natasha shouted, - I'll give you a head to cut off, that it's him! I assure you. Stop, stop! she shouted to the coachman; but the coachman could not stop, because more carts and carriages drove out of Meshchanskaya, and they shouted at the Rostovs to move off and not detain others.
Indeed, although much further away than before, all the Rostovs saw Pierre or a man unusually resembling Pierre, in a coachman's caftan, walking down the street with his head bowed and a serious face, next to a little beardless old man who looked like a footman. This old man noticed a face sticking out at him from the carriage and, respectfully touching Pierre's elbow, said something to him, pointing to the carriage. For a long time Pierre could not understand what he was saying; so he seemed to be immersed in his own thoughts. Finally, when he understood him, he looked at the instructions and, recognizing Natasha, at that very moment, giving himself up to the first impression, quickly went to the carriage. But after walking ten paces, he, apparently remembering something, stopped.
Natasha's face, leaning out of the carriage, shone with a mocking caress.
Pyotr Kirilych, come on! After all, we found out! It is amazing! she cried, holding out her hand to him. - How are you? Why are you like this?
Pierre took the outstretched hand and on the move (as the carriage continued to move) awkwardly kissed her.
What's the matter with you, Count? asked the Countess in a surprised and condoling voice.
What? What? For what? Don’t ask me, ”said Pierre and looked back at Natasha, whose radiant, joyful look (he felt it without looking at her) showered him with its charm.
What are you, or are you staying in Moscow? Pierre was silent.
In Moscow? he said inquiringly. - Yes, in Moscow. Farewell.
Oh, if I wished to be a man, I would certainly have stayed with you. Ah, how good it is! - said Natasha. - Mom, let me stay.
Pierre looked absently at Natasha and wanted to say something, but the countess interrupted him:
You were at the battle, did we hear?
Yes, I was, - answered Pierre. “Tomorrow there will be another battle ...” he began, but Natasha interrupted him:
But what about you, Count? You don't look like yourself...
Ah, don't ask, don't ask me, I don't know anything myself. Tomorrow... No! Farewell, farewell, he said, terrible time! - And, lagging behind the carriage, he moved to the sidewalk.
Natasha still leaned out of the window for a long time, beaming at him with an affectionate and slightly mocking, joyful smile.
A fragile girl pulled thousands of soldiers from the battlefield. Many fighters openly admitted that they could not have survived the horrors that fell to her lot: they simply would not have had the courage. And Ekaterina Mikhailova always went ahead. the site recalls the exploits of a fragile Leningrad girl, who today, December 22, turned 90 years old.
Katyusha went ashore
The heroic name of Ekaterina Mikhailova (Demina) was familiar to every Soviet person. 20 years after the end of the war, she was wanted all over the country.
The paratroopers wrote letters to her in newspapers and on television, asking everyone who knew at least something about the foreman of the marine battalion Ekaterina Mikhailova to tell her where she was. It turned out that Katya got married, changed her last name and began working at a secret factory in Elektrostal. In 1964, she was finally found.
It was to her that the fighters dedicated the famous song about "Katyusha", although initially the authors put a different meaning into the poems. Stories about the heroic deeds of the girl went all over the front. The medals that Catherine received during the war years speak of her merits. Mikhailova - Hero of the Soviet Union, awarded the Order of Lenin, two Orders of the Red Banner, Orders of the Patriotic War of the 1st and 2nd degrees, medals "Gold Star", "For Courage", "For the Capture of Budapest", "For the Capture of Vienna", "For the liberation of Belgrade", "For the victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War."
Irreplaceable person
She was born on December 22, 1925 in Leningrad and lost her parents early. Her father, a Red Army soldier, died, and her mother died of typhoid fever. Therefore, the girl was brought up in an orphanage. By the beginning of the war, she was less than 15 years old. She came under the first bombing at the very beginning of the war in the Smolensk region, when the train in which she was traveling to her older brother in the Brest Fortress was fired upon by German aircraft. The train was bombed, many civilians were killed - mostly the wives of the military and their children.
On December 22, 2015, Ekaterina Demina turned 90 years old. Photo: AiF-Petersburg / Maria Sokolova.
For several days, the girl traveled to Smolensk on foot. Many did not reach their own then, people were shot in the back by the Germans passing by on motorcycles. 15-year-old Katya Mikhailova survived by a miracle. In Smolensk, she found a recruiting office and confidently approached the military commissar. In order to get to the front, she added two years to her age.
Uncle, uncle, send me to the front, - Ekaterina Illarionovna recalls. - He came closer and said: “Girl, how old are you? We do not take children to the front!”
Katya was a fragile girl, she looked about ten years old. In an orphanage, you don’t get too excited. As a result, Ekaterina got to the front by accident. On the outskirts of Smolensk, she nailed to the retreating part and asked to be with them. It soon turned out that the girl is an indispensable person in the war. After all, she took nursing courses and knew how to provide first aid. In conditions of severe losses, these qualities were worth their weight in gold.
under fire from the fascists
A few days later, the legendary battle of Yelnya took place, where Katyusha showed her fearless character. The fighting became more and more fierce. In the battle near Gzhatsk, Katya was seriously wounded. Doctors collected her leg, broken in three places, literally piece by piece. By car, the girl was taken to the station, from where thousands of wounded soldiers were sent to hospitals in the Urals in a train. In the Sverdlovsk hospital, Catherine's condition was assessed as critical, every day she felt worse. The wound was infected, the temperature rose to 42.5 degrees. Katya was saved by the nurse, aunt Nyusha, who was coming out wounded.
A month later, Mikhailova had already begun to take the first steps. After rehabilitation in Baku, she again came to the military commissariat and demanded to be sent to the front. Paramedic Ekaterina Mikhailova was assigned to the Krasnaya Moskva military ambulance ship, which transported soldiers wounded near Stalingrad to Central Asia.
On this ship, the girl spent the entire 1942 year, caring for wounded soldiers, often right under the fire of German aircraft, which, at a strafing flight, machine-gunned an ambulance ship. Ekaterina learned to shoot, she knew military equipment well, so she was eager for a real battle. A battalion of volunteer sailors was just being formed in Baku. At first they did not want to take her: there is no place for women in the navy! But something in the gaze of the brave Katyusha attracted the commander. He was not mistaken, later she carried hundreds of wounded sailors on herself, saving the fighters from inevitable death.
In the heat of battle
Forcing the Kerch Strait became the main strategic task set by the Soviet command. Our troops suffered huge losses, but the attacks did not stop. Katya was in the thick of the fighting.
During the landing operation to capture Temryuk, Mikhailova was shell-shocked, but managed to help 17 wounded soldiers, whom she carried to the rear.
During the capture of Kerch, Katyusha saved 85 wounded soldiers and officers, carried 13 seriously wounded to the rear.
On August 22, 1944, when crossing the Dniester Estuary, Ekaterina Mikhailova was one of the first to reach the shore, provided first aid to seventeen seriously wounded sailors, suppressed the fire of a heavy machine gun, threw grenades at a bunker and destroyed more than ten Nazis.
On December 4, 1944, the senior medical officer of the consolidated company of the coastal escort detachment was wounded. During the operation to capture the fortress of Ilok in Yugoslavia, Katya continued to provide medical assistance to the soldiers and, saving their lives, destroyed 5 Nazis from a machine gun. Wounded, weakened from blood loss and pneumonia, almost in a hopeless condition, Mikhailova was transferred to the hospital.
As far as Ekaterina was known, the fact that her injury was announced on the radio, saying that the legendary Katyusha needed donated blood, speaks. Hundreds of soldiers came to the hospital to help the girl. Then she was presented to the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. After recovery, the heroic Leningrad woman returned to service and met the victory in Vienna.
Just think: when Katya performed feats, she was not even 20 years old! After the war, she returned to Leningrad and entered the Mechnikov Institute. Then she left for Elektrostal, where she married veteran Viktor Demin and changed her surname.
None of the new acquaintances even suspected that this fragile woman was a hero of the Great Patriotic War! In 1964, the sailors began to look for their favorite nurse, threw a cry throughout the Soviet Union. And found!
Ekaterina Illarionovna lives in Moscow and celebrates her 90th birthday today! The site joins the numerous congratulations and wishes the legendary Katyusha good health and many more years of life!
I am a soldier of the medical troops of the Israel Defense Forces,I swear today that I will provide all necessary assistance to every wounded and sick,
regardless of whether he is seriously injured or lightly wounded, or is an enemy,
because every person is a person
I vow to heal the bodies and souls of the wounded and sick
Keep a secret, trust and respect,
give all your knowledge, initiative
and love for humanity
I swear to be always "Guard to my brother" - whether in battle,
during the evacuation of the wounded and in the hospital ward
I swear that the words will forever be engraved in my heart
commandments of self-sacrifice:
"NEVER LEAVE A WOUNDED ON THE BATTLE FIELD!"
The oath of military doctors of the Israel Defense Forces
All rights belong to Alexander Shulman(c) 2003-2009
© 2007 by Alexander Shulman. All rights reserved
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Alexander Shulman
"Guard to my brother": IDF Medical Service
In Israel, unlike other countries, there are no stationary military hospitals. The military medical service of the IDF is fully integrated with the country's healthcare system, and its purpose is to provide first aid to the wounded on the battlefield and in military medical units, followed by the fastest possible evacuation by air and vehicles to hospitals in the interior of the country.
The interaction of military and civilian medical services is honed by regular exercises and training. The Israeli model of organization of the military medical service has shown its high efficiency in the course of numerous wars and is an example for the armies of many countries of the world.
Emblem of the IDF Medical Troops
"And the Lord said to Moses, 'Make a brass serpent and raise it up on a pillar in the midst of the camp.
Raise it so that everyone can see it, and when people look at it,
they will immediately be healed” (Numbers 21:1-9).
How to become a military medic
The military medical service of the IDF was created in 1948 on the basis of the medical units of the Haganah. The first commander of the Medical Corps was Colonel Chaim Shiba, who during the 2nd World War served as a military doctor in the British army and then headed the medical service of the Haganah.
Already at that time, the main structures of the Medical Corps were formed: headquarters, departments in military districts, medical units in military units and formations, the Military Institute for Medical Research and the training center for medical troops were opened.
Today, three main categories of military personnel of the medical troops can be distinguished in the military: they are hoshmi (sanitary instructors), paramedics (military paramedics) and military doctors.
Hoshim are conscripts. Hospital education includes ATLS (Advanced Trauma Life Support) and PHTLS (PreHospital Trauma Life Support) courses. Hoshmi operate in platoon combat formations and in addition to the usual fighter equipment, they are equipped with first aid equipment and a folding stretcher. In companies and battalions there are senior hoshims (hopel and hoged, respectively), who are responsible for hoshims in their units
Paramedics are reenlisted warrant officers or reservists who provide medical care in companies, evacuation centers and field hospitals. They are trained at the Magen David Adom (Red Shield of David - Ambulance Service) courses, as well as at the Medical Troops Training Center. The training of paramedics includes intensive courses for EMS (Emergency medical services), ATLS and PHTLS.
They become military doctors after 7 years of study at medical faculties of universities. As a rule, after graduation, future military doctors will have to take Ashlama Helit - a 16-week military medical training course, which studies EMS, ATLS, PHTLS, CTLS (combat trauma life support) and the organization of the military medical service. Military doctors of combat units also undergo an intensive training course for infantry officers. Military doctors of special forces and reconnaissance and sabotage units are trained as soldiers of such units.
Military doctors begin their service in the troops with the position of a battalion doctor.
Graduates of medical universities give a subscription for a 5-year term of service in the army, after which the contract with the army can be extended or the military physician goes into the reserve. Every year doctors-reservists are drafted into the army for 1 month. In addition, in the event of the outbreak of hostilities, medical reservists can be urgently mobilized to the military units to which they are assigned.
How the military medical service of the IDF is organized
The Israeli army has accumulated vast experience in organizing military medical service during hostilities. Depending on the severity of the wound, medical care is provided with the subsequent evacuation of the wounded to rear hospitals or to medical units that have more opportunities to provide care to the wounded.
In the infantry battalion, under the command of the battalion doctor, there is a medical platoon, consisting of three departments: search and evacuation of the wounded, identification of the dead - together with the military rabbinate, and a battalion station for receiving the wounded (abbreviated in Hebrew - TAAGAD). TAAGADA personnel provide emergency assistance, filter the wounded according to the severity of the injury and prepare them for evacuation.
The interior of the tank bulance
The medical platoon of the infantry battalion for the evacuation of the wounded and the transportation of personnel and equipment includes armored vehicles "Zeev", a car "Hammer", 3 armored personnel carriers equipped for transporting the wounded. In tank battalions, tank bulances equipped at the Merkava tank bases are also used to transport the wounded.
On the march, the evacuation officer controls the convoy of the medical platoon; upon arrival, the senior battalion hovesh is responsible for deploying the battalion first-aid post. When receiving the wounded, the control of the medical platoon passes to the battalion doctor.
TAAGAD usually turns around a few hundred meters from the front line. Often the reception of the wounded is under fire. The wounded arrive either on foot, or they are delivered by motor transport or on a stretcher by platoon hoves.
The battalion doctor conducts the reception of the wounded. Khovesh works with him, who registers the wounded who have arrived. Since it is supposed to bring the wounded with personal weapons, it is the duty of the hovesh to also unload the weapons. The military doctor determines the type and severity of the injury and gives instructions for the provision of medical care.
It is important to note that all paramedics and those who are in TAAGAD do not have the right to contact the doctor directly so as not to distract him from performing his duties. They report all information about the condition of the wounded to the battalion hovesh, who then reports to the doctor.
Usually, during the course of hostilities, another military doctor is seconded to the TAAGAD battalion.
After providing first aid in the battalion TAAGAD, the wounded, depending on the complexity of the injury, are evacuated as quickly as possible to regimental, brigade or divisional evacuation centers and from there to hospitals. However, evacuation to hospitals can also be carried out directly from the battalion TAAGAD using armored vehicles or helicopters.
During the operation in Lebanon in 2006, Air Force UH-60 Black Hawk (Yanshuf) helicopters performed about 120 evacuation flights, about half of them to enemy territory, where the evacuation took place under enemy fire. In these sorties, about 360 victims were evacuated. The evacuation of the wounded by air from the battlefield to the hospital lasted an average of about 3.5 hours. For one flight, an average of 4.5 soldiers were evacuated. It should be noted that not a single wounded soldier died during the air evacuation.
Wounded in Lebanon, Major Tomer Buadana was taken by helicopter to a hospital in Haifa. 2006
A medical company is deployed at the regiment (brigade) level. The divisions have a medical battalion, on the basis of which a field hospital can be deployed, the equipment of which allows complex surgical operations to be carried out. The medical battalion has a surgical company in which complex operations are performed by experienced surgeons.
However, recently there has been a replacement of surgical mouths with intensive care companies. Instead of a surgical company, teams of emergency surgical care are being created, consisting of a surgeon and an anesthesiologist, equipped with the necessary equipment. On a special vehicle, such a brigade can be immediately sent to the place where there is a need to save the life of a wounded soldier.
The medical battalion also has a psychological service, including a psychologist officer and social workers. Their purpose is to remove the "combat reactive state" from the wounded and from the fighters who received mental trauma during the battle. Such assistance, provided in a timely manner, makes it possible to restore readiness for combat among the injured fighters.
It should be noted that the structure of the military medical service of the IDF responds very flexibly to the changing conditions of modern warfare. So, in recent years, the command of the Medical Corps has changed the level of use of military doctors. If in the recent past the presence of military doctors was limited to the level of the battalion TAAGAD, today it is becoming common to second military doctors during combat operations directly to combat units. The military doctor goes into battle with the soldiers. In this case, the chances of rescuing the wounded on the battlefield are noticeably increased, but the losses of military doctors also increase.
About the IDF doctors
The military doctor captain of the reserve Igor Rotshtein was urgently mobilized on July 24, 2006. He was assigned to the 13th Battalion of the Givati Infantry Brigade, with which he entered Lebanon. Captain I. Rotshtein was an experienced military doctor - for 5 years he served as a battalion doctor in the Southern Military District, took part in hostilities. After demobilization in 2004, he worked as a surgeon at the Poriya Hospital in Tiberias.
In memory of military doctor Captain Igor Rotshtein
On the night of August 3-4, 2006, near the village of Markabe in southern Lebanon, Captain I. Rotshtein died in battle, saving the life of a wounded soldier: a shell that exploded ahead wounded a soldier. Captain I. Rothstein hurried to the place of injury ... and the next shell covered them both.
For his feat of self-sacrifice, Captain I. Rotshtein was posthumously awarded the Order “For Distinction”
A doctor from Netanya, captain of the reserve Aleksey Kalganov was twice awarded with distinctions for his heroism in saving the lives of wounded soldiers. The IDF press service said: "He demonstrated dedication in carrying out a combat mission, showed personal example and professionalism in the battles at the village of Aita al-Shaab on August 5, 2006 and in the battles at Jbeil Abu Twil on August 13, 2006. Kalganov showed dedication, courage and coolness."
Military doctor captain Alexei Kalganov
Captain A. Kalganov received his first award for saving the life of a serviceman who was seriously wounded in Beit Lehem during the "Defensive Wall" operation in the spring of 2002. . He told the Haaretz newspaper:
“We covered our commandos who started a fight with militants in a Palestinian refugee camp. Four soldiers were seriously wounded. One was hit in the mouth by a bullet. I looked - all the airways were torn apart. I thought that he had died, but the pulse was still felt. He quickly inserted a tube into his throat, pumped out the blood from his lungs, and we evacuated him along with other wounded. In truth, I had no doubt that he was not a tenant, and he not only survived, but almost fully recovered, unlike the other soldiers that we evacuated with him that day. Everything was decided in a matter of seconds. He was just lucky that there was not just a doctor nearby, but a surgeon.”
The military doctor captain Kalganov was wounded on the last day of the Lebanese war, August 13. “Hezbollah fighters fired laser-guided anti-tank missiles at our soldiers. One of them hit the house where part of the unit was located: one was killed, two were seriously wounded. Kalganov ran there. One soldier was wounded in the head - he behaved very restlessly, the second did not show signs of life - a large fragment hit him right in the chest. The doctor rushed to him, wanted to put drains in order to resuscitate, and at that moment another rocket hit the shelter. It was a direct hit.
The officer who helped the doctor to save the seriously wounded was killed on the spot. And the soldier who stood next to him also died. If the projectile was high-explosive, no one would have survived. But the militants fired an anti-tank missile: it pierces the tank's armor and is not intended for fragmentation of the enemy. However, at that moment the doctor could not know this. He was simply blinded by the flash of the explosion, and he realized that he had died: after all, if a rocket hit you, you cannot stay alive.
But then he suddenly came to his senses and immediately began to feel his arms and legs, trying to understand what was torn off and what was intact. There was no pain. In a state of concussion, you do not feel anything. When the doctor realized that the wound was not severe, shrapnel, he tried to get to his feet. There were dead and wounded all around. Having given the order to quickly bandage the wounded and leave, the doctor tried to find the pulse of the guy he was helping before the rocket fell: he was already dead.”
Military doctor Captain Marina Kaminskaya during the operation in Lebanon was the head of the medical service of the 52nd battalion of the 401st armored brigade. As part of her battalion, she entered Lebanon on the first day of the war and took part in the battles for the settlements of Qanatra, Maroun al-Rash and the city of Bint Jubail.
Military doctor captain Marina Kaminskaya.
Captain Kaminskaya fought on a tank bulance. Tank Bulance is a conventional Merkava tank converted into a mobile medical station and equipped with additional weapons and medical equipment. During the battle, the bulance tank is used as an "ambulance", for first aid and evacuation of the wounded.
On her tank bulance, Captain Kaminskaya was in the thick of the fighting on July 24, 2006 for the city of Bint Jbeil, the "capital" of Hezbollah in southern Lebanon.
Tankers of the 52nd battalion participated in the battle for Bint Jbeil To evacuate the wounded tankers and infantrymen from the battlefield, the command sent a tank bulance of captain Kaminskaya. Tank Bulance was covered by two conventional tanks. One of the cover tanks accompanied the Bulance tank directly, and the second controlled the situation on the nearest approaches.
In the midst of the battle, wounded fighters from the Golani infantry brigade began to enter the Bulance tank. Among them was the commander of the elite special forces battalion "Egoz", Lieutenant Colonel Ariel Gino, who was seriously injured - a bullet from an enemy sniper hit him in the face. Captain Kaminskaya, right on the battlefield, gave him first aid, which saved his life and took the wounded on her tank bulance to the helipad, from where the wounded were taken by helicopters to the hospital in Haifa.
During this battle, a tank was hit, covering the tank-bulance of Captain M. Kaminskaya. Of the 4 crew members of the wrecked tank, one was killed - the platoon commander, Lieutenant Lotan Slavin, two tankers were slightly wounded.
Moving to help the crew of a wrecked tank, the tank of the commander of the 52nd tank battalion, Lieutenant Colonel Guy Kabili, was blown up by a land mine containing approximately 300 kg of explosives. Of the 7 people in the tank - crew members and officers of the battalion headquarters, one was killed - gunner Sergeant Kobi Smilga, the rest were injured.
All the wounded, despite the shelling of the enemy, received medical assistance, they were successfully evacuated.
After the evacuation of the wounded, Captain Marina Kaminskaya again returned to the battle formations of her battalion. In total, during the fighting, military doctor Captain Marina Kaminskaya assisted more than 25 wounded soldiers.
For her feat, Captain M. Kaminskaya was awarded the Badge of Distinction of the Commander of the Armored Forces.
During Operation Cast Lead in January 2009. the award for courage was received by the military doctor Major Pavel Kataev. Major P. Kataev is a regular military man, he has been serving as a military doctor since 1996, he took part in many military operations. Currently, Major P. Kataev serves as the chief physician of the District Military Medical Center in Jerusalem.
During the operation “Cast Lead”, Major P. Kataev was seconded as a second doctor to the 13th battalion of the Golani brigade.
Military doctor Major Pavel Kataev
Major P. Kataev says in an interview with Channel Seven:
“That night we were in the building next to the house that was hit by two of our tank shells by mistake. Naturally, as soon as the radio reported a lot of casualties, we rushed there and arrived before the dust from the explosion had settled. Picture was this: all the commanders were wounded, there was no one to command the soldiers, the soldiers were shooting in all directions from all windows, and miraculously did not hit us. The hardest thing in the first minutes was to command the soldiers and provide medical assistance at the same time. groans, screams, severed limbs, shooting. The first thing I did was order a cease fire, carefully lower all the wounded down and take up positions in cover, guarding the building and not firing without reason. Among the wounded were the Golani brigade commander and the commander of the 13th battalion brigade to which I was assigned.
All this happened in the course of perhaps no more than a minute, but it seemed like an eternity.
Then the deputy battalion commander arrived and took command. He organized the evacuation of the wounded, bringing in tanks and armored personnel carriers and several vehicles.
There were more than 20 victims, of which three were killed, whom we could no longer help, 8 were seriously wounded, among them Ben Spitzer, who had both his arms torn off, and several more soldiers and officers. We immediately began doing surgical and resuscitation procedures to save their lives. Beni had the hardest time: when they finished his resuscitation, it turned out that there were no armored personnel carriers and tanks left that evacuated the rest of the wounded, and it was decided to take a nearby jeep and evacuate Beni on it. But the jeep got stuck on the road in the mud, there were just four of us, and we ran on foot with a stretcher, guided by the terrain, the shortest way to the border.
When we crossed the border and handed over the last wounded man, Beni, the first thing I did was contacted the district doctor of the Southern District, reported to him on the condition of the wounded, specifying what kind of specialists - for example, microsurgeons, etc. - urgently need to be prepared in hospitals to receive the wounded, since every minute can be decisive.
As soon as I was allowed to go home after the operation, I first of all went to the hospital, went to the intensive care unit to Beni, saw that his hands were sewn on (unfortunately, only one of them took root, the second had to be amputated), lifted the sheet and saw that the legs are in place, and breathed a sigh of relief.”
