Growing greenery has relatively low costs (this includes the cost of inventory, arranging greenhouses, and purchasing fertilizers). Its advantages are associated with a constant high demand for products, cheap seeds, ease of growing greens. More profit can be made by growing greens in winter. But for this you need to purchase and install a greenhouse, equip heating in it. You can use biofuels. In this case, the substrate layer should be 10-12 cm.

You can grow greens in the basement. It is used instead of greenhouses. But in this case, you need to provide high-quality lighting. It is necessary to install energy-saving lamps in the room. Reflective foil screens will help increase the illumination. Growing greens in a greenhouse is beneficial in the south. In the north, the cost of electricity may not pay off.

In summer, greens are cheaper, but due to large volumes, you can earn more.

The result of growing greenery of any kind depends on several factors:

• Selection of varieties.
• The quality of the soil in the beds.
• Weather conditions when growing in the garden.
• Seedling care.

The disadvantage of this kind of product is one, but it is very significant: a short shelf life. The competition among greenery sellers in the market is quite high. Therefore, for those who are not confident in their abilities, it is better to start their business with small plots. Over time, having received income, invest it in the expansion of production, including the construction and arrangement of a greenhouse.

You can grow greens for sale:

• Small parties. The products are grown on a small area and sold on the market.
• Industrial cultivation in greenhouses. You can do one type of greenery or combine several. Among all types of greens for sale, feather onions are most often grown. Are becoming more and more popular,.

Dill is bought all year round. Shoots up to 10 cm high are cut off. Dill is consumed fresh, dried or salted. It does not lose its properties when frozen. The seeds are used in folk medicine. Adult plants with mature seeds are placed in jars when pickling vegetables.

Features of growing dill:

• Dill is sown on fertile moist soils. On dry ones, it will also grow, but in this case the stem will form faster, and the plants will be unsuitable for sale.
• Seeds must be processed before planting. For this, bubbling is carried out. It consists in processing seeds in water constantly saturated with oxygen. Water temperature 20°C, treatment time up to 20 hours.
• If there is no bubbling device, soak the seeds in water for 3 days, changing it every 6 hours.
• Sow seeds in moist soil immediately after treatment. The depth of the grooves is up to 2 cm.
• Dill grows and develops best at a temperature of 15 to 20 ° C. But it easily tolerates a drop in temperature to the minimum positive values. Frost tender dill leaves do not tolerate and die.
• The plant is photophilous. If natural lighting is not enough, you need to illuminate. Dill does not require special feeding. But it responds well to the application of nitrogen fertilizers. Pre-sowing tillage consists in the introduction of superphosphate, ammonium nitrate and potassium chloride. Care consists in watering during the dry season, removing weeds, loosening row spacing.

Harvesting is carried out one month after sowing. Cut off individual large plants or clean the entire area at once. If their height has reached 15 cm, the entire crop is harvested, otherwise the remaining plants will throw out the umbrellas and lose their presentation.

There are many varieties of dill. They differ in the ripening period, the saturation of the green color, the presence of a wax coating and aroma. For sale, it is more expedient to grow early varieties. They ripen 10 days earlier than late, and for business this matters. Early varieties have less lush greenery. They need to be removed in time, otherwise they will form a stem and throw away the umbrella.

Early varieties are sown in greenhouses or open areas in early spring. Some plants are left to collect seeds. They do not lose varietal properties, therefore they are suitable for sowing.
Late varieties have more leaves, they can be harvested longer. Sow late dill in and June. Harvest until August.

Late varieties of dill:

• Tetra
• Kibray

In addition to varieties growing in one stem, bush dill is grown. Its lateral shoots grow in the leaf axils. The stem is formed more slowly, which extends the harvest time to one and a half months. From one plant that looks like a bush, you can collect more greenery than from ordinary late varieties. Used in the southern regions. Popular varieties:

• Gourmet
• Russian size
• Firework

Growing bush dill, you need to provide each bush with space for development. The row spacing is about 30 m, the gaps in the row are 15 cm. By sowing dill again (up to 3 times per season) or in new areas, a green conveyor can be provided.

Dill is sown in a heated greenhouse in early March, without heating - in early April. Use row or continuous sowing. 15 g of seeds are sown per square meter. In summer, greenhouses can be used for growing. Then sow dill again in mid-July for harvest in the fall. It is possible to use for growing dill in the second half of summer the areas vacated after picking, early varieties of potatoes.

Proper cultivation of parsley

- biennial umbrella plant. There are leaf and root types. The advantage of root crops is that both greens and root crops are obtained from them. But the leaf per season forms up to 100 branches, and the root up to 35 pcs.

Parsley is grown in areas where last season did not grow, cilantro, dill, cumin. The best predecessors are,. Humus is introduced in the fall, complex in the spring. Fresh organics are not recommended to be applied, because it causes branching of the root system. The site should be light, the soil should be light and nutritious, neutral or slightly acidic.

Rules for sowing seeds:

• Parsley seeds are sown at the end of January. Use mobile film tunnels.
• Parsley seeds are very small. Sown dry, they can sprout in a month or more.
• Therefore, before sowing them. You can use sparging or soaking in warm water. Accelerates germination by soaking in a solution of Epin or other growth stimulants.
• Then they are dried so that they become free-flowing. To do this, you can pour them on a dry newspaper, which quickly absorbs excess moisture. By changing several newspapers, you can quickly achieve the desired level of flowability.
• Up to 1 g of seeds are sown per square meter. The depth of the groove is up to 1.5 cm. The distance between the rows is 30-45 cm.
• The soil must be moist. After sowing, it is good to cover the area with a film. This will help retain moisture and speed up seed germination.
• You can mulch the area with peat or rotted.

In autumn, dry seeds can be sown 2 weeks before the soil freezes. Parsley tolerates temperature drops well, does not die under snow even in winter. Seeds withstand -8°C, and begin to germinate at 2°C. Shoots appear in 2-3 weeks. After the formation of 3 true leaves, they are thinned out, leaving a distance of 3 cm between plants of leaf varieties, and 7 cm between root varieties.

Feed parsley several times a season.

Nitrogen fertilizers are used for leafy, potassium-phosphorus fertilizers are used for root. Loosen the soil between the rows. Crops of leaf parsley need to be provided with regular watering, but without stagnation of moisture near the roots. Spend it in the morning or evening. Root parsley needs two waterings per season. Greens for sale are harvested as they grow throughout the season. Seeds for sowing are collected in the second year of vegetation.

Varieties of leaf parsley:

• Vitamin
• sandwich shop
• Carnival

Curly varieties:

• appetizing
• green pearl
• Lace

Parsley crops can be affected:

• downy mildew
• white rot
• Cercosporosis

For their prevention, the seeds are heated to 50 ° C before sowing. In areas where the plants are sick, parsley can be sown after 4 years. If this does not happen, you can sow again. From 1 m2 per season, you can collect about 1 kg of parsley.

Growing onions seems like a fairly simple matter. After all, almost everyone in childhood installed an onion in a jar of water and looked forward to the appearance of green feathers. But growing in large batches is fraught with some difficulties: you need to allocate a fairly large area for onions. It is often affected by fungal diseases. Growing in pallets with a depth of 10 cm, installed on top of each other, will help solve the problem with the area.

Indoors, feather onions are grown from mid-autumn to May. The temperature during the day is 20°C, at night up to 15°C. If it is lower or higher, growth slows down. The day length is 12 hours.

For growing onions on a feather, it is better to use multi-bearing varieties that have a short dormant period:

• Stuttgarten
• Bessonovsky

In the presence of 5 rudiments, the yield per 1 m2 is approximately 15 kg. To reduce the dormant period, the onion is immersed for half a day in warm water, slightly dried. You can soak the bulbs for 3 days, covering them with burlap and stirring occasionally. Cutting off the neck of the narrowing and making several vertical cuts at the cut site will help speed up germination. These procedures speed up germination by a week.

The substrate for forcing onions is prepared from peat, turf and leafy soil.

It should be loose, non-acidic. Add manure and rotted compost. The bulbs in the greenhouse are planted in a bridge way, without gaps in the rows. When growing under winter in greenhouses, a half-bridge method is used, leaving up to 3 cm between plants. Cover with a layer of humus 6 cm high. In February, the mulch is removed, a film is installed. Apply nitrogen fertilizers.

To prevent diseases, after planting, they are watered with a pink solution of potassium permanganate. Harvest when a height of 30 cm is reached. The roots of the bulbs are cut off, then the feather is separated from the turnip.

Spinach is an annual or biennial plant of the Marev family. Leaves forming a rosette are used for food. After a while, the spinach starts flowering. A stem emerges from the rosette, on which male flowers are formed. The female ones are located in the axils of the leaves. Spinach fruits are rounded or prickly nuts.

Spinach seeds germinate at 4°C. Leaves grow at a temperature of 15-18°C. When the temperature rises to 20 ° C, an arrow with flowers appears. By this time, the harvest of leaves must be harvested. Spinach is a short day plant. Therefore, it throws out arrows if the length of the day exceeds 15 hours. If by this time they did not have time to harvest, break off the top of the stem.

It is best to sow spinach in April and mid-August, then the plants will not shoot, which will allow longer harvest.

Spinach is grown on fertile soils on which water does not stagnate: sandy loam, loam. Predecessors - potatoes, gourds. For rapid growth, the soil must be constantly moist. Excess moisture in cold weather can lead to root rot. Withered leaves will testify to this. Between the rows, 30 cm are left, the grooves are deepened by 2 cm. Thinning, 1 plant is left per 10 cm.

Water, loosen the soil, remove weeds. Seeds can be obtained from spring plants by leaving seed arrows. It is only necessary not to miss the moment of readiness so that the seeds do not spill out onto the ground. They can sprout, but this method is not suitable for growing for sale. They begin to collect leaves when there are 5 or more of them in the outlet.

Spinach varieties:

• Matador
• Victoria
• Stoic
• burly

Lettuce fades very quickly. Therefore, now most often it is sold in special pots. When growing leaf lettuce, modern methods and technologies are used. For example, growing greenery without ordinary soil using a special nutrient solution.

There are a huge number of varieties of lettuce that differ in leaf color, rosette shape, and taste. For sale, you can grow one or several varieties, you can alternate them.

Lettuce varieties:

• Iceberg is a cabbage-like lettuce.
• Roma late ripening.
• Curly with curly tender leaves.
• Arugula with small leaves and spicy taste.

Sowing lettuce is carried out in the spring every 2 weeks. In summer, the interval is reduced to 1 week. Closer to autumn, they are sown again after 2 weeks. Place the seeds in small cups, 2 pieces each. Install them in the greenhouse. When seedlings sprout, leave a stronger plant.

Lettuce is grown in fertile, loose, non-acidic soils in sunny areas that are not affected by drafts. You can sow seeds directly into the ground. Then the crops will need to be thinned out, leaving a distance of 8 cm between plants. It is possible to grow lettuce hydroponically, but this is an expensive technology that requires special attention. It is suitable for industrial cultivation.

More information can be found in the video:

Demand for agricultural products existed under all circumstances. Recently, urban residents have an increased need for high-quality natural products grown in the garden. In this regard, an increasing number of future entrepreneurs who are fond of gardening in everyday life are interested in the opportunity to grow greens for sale. As a business, this type of activity does not require large expenses and is characterized by high profitability. Where to start and how to succeed in this area - we learn from the business plan.

Business registration

Growing greenery and other crops on your own personal plot is not a commercial activity, and therefore does not require registration. As well as the distribution of the harvest among relatives and friends.

But if a future entrepreneur is interested in greenery as a business, and he plans to grow agricultural products in large volumes for sale, then he will need documentary justification for the legality of his activities. First of all, this is the design of IP.

As a taxation system, you can choose the UAT with a rate of 6%.

Room selection

So, an entrepreneur officially has the right to conduct business on greenery, more precisely on its cultivation and sale. How to start an activity? Experts advise to determine the main location for doing business. In this case, there are the following options:

• growing greens in a greenhouse;
• in the apartment;
• on an open field site;
• in the garage.

Let's take a closer look at each of them:

Growing greens in a greenhouse

This method will help prevent unforeseen circumstances in the form of capricious weather and thereby preserve the crop. How to grow greens in a greenhouse all year round? The business of an entrepreneur living in the northern regions of the country will not justify the cost of utilities used to light and heat plants. If an entrepreneur lives in the southern regions of the country, then he can expect to receive a crop during the year.

In the apartment

An apartment can significantly limit the expected income, since the living space of the average resident of the country is unlikely to allow allocating a separate room for growing greenery. If there are no other options, you can use window sills, a balcony, hanging planters, seedling boxes and other means in the apartment.

Location on

The plot allows you to grow greens in greater quantities than in an apartment or a greenhouse. Ideally, this option can be an addition to the first two - in the summer, an entrepreneur can transfer his business to open ground. Such a decision would be appropriate for the reason that in summer the cost of greenery falls, and in order to protect against losses, it is necessary to increase the volume of the enterprise.

In the garage

A garage can be an alternative to a greenhouse or an apartment. This will require additional costs for lighting and heating.

Equipment

Selling greenery as a business requires a slightly wider range of equipment than it seems at first glance. In addition to the standard set of gardening tools, the entrepreneur will need to purchase:

• insulation - for growing greenery in the garage. Suitable foam, flexible insulation, reflective foil and other materials.
• Greenhouses . Ready-made designs are sold in stores. You can also assemble a greenhouse yourself from a film and suitable materials for flexible supports. Another option is to make a greenhouse to order. Thus, it is possible to obtain a completely finished area for planting greenery, on a turnkey basis, with the necessary equipment for heating, watering and lighting. A film greenhouse will cost less, but will not last as long as a glass structure.
• Shelving - for the harvest. Racks can be used in the apartment in order to obtain more usable space - they can be placed containers for growing greenery.
• Lighting (fluorescent lamps) and heaters - for growing greenery in a garage or greenhouse.
• Irrigation system (at first, you can get by with a watering can or any other convenient container).
• Priming .
• seed .
• fertilizers, pest control, fertilizer, etc.

Priming

Let us consider in more detail the types of soil and seed. In green business, 7 main types of soil are used:

• regular soil . This option is considered the most budgetary, since if there is a summer cottage, it does not require any costs at all (if you do not have to purchase the site itself). It is customary to add top dressings and fertilizers to the natural soil, necessary for the comfortable growth of crops.
• Sawdust . This type of soil has a number of advantages: sawdust prevents the decay of greenery and the appearance of foreign odors, does not require special care, and is cheap. In sawdust, greens grow quickly and abundantly.
• Gravel . The main advantages are breathability and practicality. Gravel is relatively inexpensive, but requires extra effort to keep the plants moist as it retains little to no water.
• coconut fiber . Versatile and highly environmentally friendly material that will last as long as possible. The disadvantages include the high cost.
• Hydrogel . A modern invention in the form of moisture retaining granules. Plants practically do not require watering, the material is harmless and breathable. For commercial use and on a large scale will require significant costs.
• Hydroponics . A specialized system designed for growing plants, including without soil as such, on nutrient mixtures and water. There is a wide range of hydroponic systems that differ in the chosen material for cultivation (expanded clay, hay, crushed stone, vermiculite), as well as the scale of production. In the absence of serious start-up capital, the task of creating a do-it-yourself hydroponic system is quite feasible.

seed

There are several varieties of seed, each of which may become preferable depending on the place of cultivation:

• seeds . The classic option, which involves more time between planting and harvesting;
• Distillation . With the help of sowing bulbs, you can quickly and easily get fresh greens;
• Seedling . The purchase of seedlings requires increased costs. With self-growing, it will take more time to harvest;
• extended germination . Those who move the business to the dacha in the summer can dig the plants out of the ground and move them back indoors by winter.

Range

Selling greenery can be lucrative and easy for a beginner. This is due to the possibility of minimal costs at the start, the ease of the process. Greenery is unpretentious, and organizing a greenhouse or home garden does not require special skills. The main thing is to decide on the type of plants from which the entrepreneur will open his business on the green. Where to start for a beginner who does not have much experience and gardening skills?

The most unpretentious plants:

• green onion . Does not require special care, brings up to 2 crops per month
• Dill . The most unpretentious culture that rarely gets sick and is not afraid of pests. It does not require the purchase of seeds in the future, as they are used from the harvested crop. The term for obtaining fresh herbs for sale is from 40 to 50 days;
• Parsley . Varieties "Curly", "Urozhaynaya", "Prima" are distinguished by an abundance of harvest and early maturity - a month after germination. Requires abundant watering, maintaining a temperature of at least 20 degrees Celsius. When planting with seeds, it makes it possible to harvest for more than a year, while it is necessary to feed the plants after each cut;
• cilantro . Care is similar to that of parsley. Harvest time - from 3 weeks after the first shoots;
• Salad . It stands out for its profitability, which is explained by high demand and cost. More complex care requires leaf lettuce. Watercress is unpretentious and differs in precocity;
• Celery . There are several types - leaf, petiole or root. Resistant to cold, while growing for a long time.

Sales market

The organization of a quality sales market is an important task for someone who plans to grow herbs for sale. Plants are not able to maintain their presentation for a long time and are a perishable product. The entrepreneur needs regular customers:

• wholesale food and vegetable bases;
• shops and supermarkets;
• cafes and restaurants;
• markets and vegetable stalls.

You can sell greens on the market on your own, but it is much more convenient and more profitable to conclude an agreement with wholesalers. They will buy plants at a lower price, but self-pickup. This will eliminate additional costs for transport and packaging, as well as save the entrepreneur's personal time.

Staff

If necessary, the owner is able to independently cope with all the tasks of the business. He will have to plant the planting material, and then carry out the necessary actions to care for the greenery - weeding, watering, fertilizing, lighting and temperature control.

If production volumes are impressive, assistants should be involved. This business does not require professional skills and education, therefore it can be a family business.

Costs and payback

For an approximate calculation of costs and profits, an example in the form of a business for growing green onions in an apartment is suitable. The calculation assumes a consumption of 10 kilograms of seed per square meter in the presence of 30 square meters of usable area. Capital expenses for organizing a business:

Table. Capital investments

Every month, the business owner has to pay the following expenses:

Table. Monthly investment

From one square meter, at least a dozen kilograms of crops are usually obtained. About 600 kg comes out per month. Based on the wholesale cost of a kilogram of green onions - from 70 to 80 rubles per kilogram - we get an income in the amount of 45,000 rubles. Excluding expenses, net profit is about 36,000 rubles. Thus, the business can pay off in the first month of work. The profitability of a green business reaches 500%.

Alexander Kaptsov

Reading time: 11 minutes

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Recently, talk about a business based on the cultivation of greenery can be heard even in public transport and on the forums of housewives. Why greens? And because this product is one of the most popular on the market. Greens are bought all year round, and not a single table is complete without dill or parsley, onion or lettuce. And taking into account the fact that even a child is able to cope with the cultivation of greenery (qualifications and special knowledge are not needed), this business is becoming more and more relevant for various segments of the population. It all depends on the size of the premises and the initial capital. However, the investment is not so great!

How to grow greens, and is it possible to earn capital on this? We understand.

How to grow greens at home and in industrial conditions for sale: the basics of technology

First, let's define goals. Why do we grow greens? For myself, for soup and with the subsequent sale of surplus, for sale near the store for 10-20 bunches a day, or for selling these greens on a large scale for more profit?

It should be noted that if there is a summer cottage and land, the costs of fertilizers and planting material will not be tangible. True, with the seasonal nature of the business, significant profits cannot be expected. She needs more rational approach and greater investment .

So, what is the cultivation technology?

Criteria and requirements for a room for growing greenery in winter and summer

According to the scale of the business, the cultivation of greens can be carried out in different places…

Video: How to grow greens in winter and summer - year-round care

Choosing soil for growing greens: characteristics of the seed

Today, 7 main soil options are used to grow greenery.

1. natural soil
   That is, the earth. The most budget option that does not require special investments. The containers are filled with earth, peat is added with top dressing, seeds are planted, plus lighting and heat - that's all. A start. You can buy land already with a full "set" of fertilizers / dressings. Sand, in addition, will not interfere.
2. Sawdust (except for pine, oak and other species harmful to greenery)
   They are treated with boiling water and placed in containers.
   Pros: greens do not rot, there is no smell, dill-parsley grows quickly, sawdust is cheap (sometimes they get it for free).
3. hydroponics method
   It is a system for growing greens (or other crops) consisting of water trays. To plants that touch the water only with roots, nutrient mixtures come through tubes.
   Pros: very fast growth of greenery, no need for soil, intensive development of foliage (rather than the root system).
   Minus - the price of the device.
4. Gravel
   Pros: practicality, low cost, breathability.
   Cons - solid weight, does not hold water.
5. coconut fiber
   There are many advantages: durability, environmental friendliness, versatility, etc.
   The downside is the cost.
6. Expanded clay
   The best material for hydroponics use.
   Pros - price, moisture retention, lightness.
7. Hydrogel
   A new material in the form of granules that, when swollen, retain moisture for a long time.
   Pros: breathability, permanent moisture retention, no harm to plants.
   Minus - the price.

List of necessary devices, installations and containers that will be needed for growing greens.

1. Hydroponics
   A system that reduces the risk of plant infection with any disease to almost zero and allows you to grow greens all year round. The choice of system depends on the scale of the business. For an apartment - one installation, for an industrial scale - another. The range is wide.
   In the absence of a large "pod" under the mattress, it makes sense to think about hydroponics with your own hands.
2. Materials for insulation
   When growing greens on the site, a greenhouse is needed. And if the "holy of holies" is located in the garage (basement), then you will need a flexible insulation, polystyrene, reflective foil, etc.
3. Shelving
   They can be bought, ordered or made independently, taking into account the height of green plants.
4. Lighting
   You can use conventional light bulbs or fluorescent lights (these are preferable).
5. Watering system (or watering cans)
6. Heaters to maintain a certain temperature in the room.
7. Soil and planting material itself, fertilizers
8. From containers you will need wide pallets, containers for settling water, containers for plants (pots, bottles or boxes with holes for draining water).
9. Thermometer(control the air temperature).
10. Foil
    Knowledgeable people wrap pots with it to protect plants from overheating of the soil.

How to grow greens all year round?

This business does not depend on the season only in a few cases, that is, if the greens are grown ...

• In equipped greenhouses.
• In an apartment (or insulated garage).
• With the help of hydroponics.

If the business "grows" in the open air, in summer cottages, then you will have to "transfer" them to a warm room for the cold season.

Planting material - seeds

What are the ways to grow greenery at home?

1. Distillation(using bulbs). The most convenient option.
2. Extended cultivation. The option is suitable for those who grow greens in the beds. Plants are simply dug out of the ground before the cold (whole) and transferred to the room.
3. Growing from seedlings. Minus - seedlings need to buy or grow it yourself.
4. Sowing seeds. Classic variant.

The choice of seeds is also a separate issue. In order not to lament later what kind of horror got out of the pot, and how to sell it, you need to choose seeds carefully by studying manufacturers and reviews of experienced businessmen in advance.

It is worth noting that seed costs are minimal . For example, a package of onion seeds does not exceed 12 rubles, and parsley - about 7 rubles.

You can also pay attention to greens in containers (already with roots) - buy and carefully transplant.

What greens are more profitable to grow? Features of growing dill, parsley, cilantro, celery for sale

There are many benefits to growing greens. This is the ease of the process, and the low cost of seeds, and the unpretentiousness of plants, and modest investments (if you do not buy hydroponics). And also it must be said about the high year-round demand for products and high returns relative to investments. The main thing is to decide on the type of greenery from which your business will grow. So what is the best thing to grow?

Growing dill as a business

• The most unpretentious culture.
• The optimum temperature for growing is 17 degrees.
• Varieties worth paying attention to are Kaskelensky, Gribovsky, Uzbek-243.
• We harvest 40-50 days after germination.
• Seeds germinate in 2-3 weeks. In the future, they can not be bought, but used from the harvested crop.
• Diseases and pests of dill, as a rule, are bypassed.
• Cons: short shelf life, additional lighting is needed in winter.

Features of the parsley growing business

• From the varieties we choose Prima, Sugar, Curly or Harvest - the most early-ripening varieties that give the maximum yield of greens.
• When cloudy, additional illumination is needed, in winter we also illuminate with fitolamps (3-4 hours).
• The optimum temperature is plus 20 degrees.
• After germination, it takes about 25-30 days to harvest.
• Watering needs plentiful and frequent, and after cutting, top dressing with fertilizers is required.
• Parsley, planted from seeds, gives greenery for longer than a year.

Growing cilantro for sale

• A cold tolerant plant.
• The soil needs light and moist (without moisture, cilantro blooms quickly).
• The container is large.
• Illumination (additional light) is mandatory and permanent.
• Water moderately, once a week.
• Top dressing - after each cut.
• The first harvest is 3-4 weeks after sowing. The crop is harvested immediately after the appearance of 1 inflorescence.
• The best variety is Firstborn.
• The optimum temperature is 20 degrees. Cilantro does not like heat.
• The ideal soil is black soil.

Growing celery root and petiole

• Growing celery is more difficult than onions or dill, but, in principle, not so difficult.
• Of the types of celery, leaf (to obtain leaves), root and petiole (to obtain juicy petioles) are isolated.
• The main feature is resistance to cold.
• Seeds germinate for a long time.

Growing lettuce as a business (green lettuce, watercress)

Ideal for growing watercress.

• Harvest - in 10-12 days.
• Unpretentious.
• Conditions: shaded areas of the north and northeast side.
• Shoots - for 5-7 days.
• After cutting the leaves, top dressing is needed.
• The best varieties are Curly, Pepper, Broadleaf.

Leaf salad no less in demand, but more capricious in care.

• Do not do without backlighting.
• The best varieties are Lollo Bionda, Vitamin, Lolla Rossa, Emerald Lace and New Year's.
• Lettuce does not like heat and needs constant watering.

As for demand among consumers, the leader here, of course, green onion (by the way, the least demanding option), in second place - dill , the third is parsley and then all the rest.

Speaking about profitability, experts unanimously single out leaf salad (vegetative period - no more than 25 days).

Features of growing dill, parsley, cilantro, lettuce, celery and other herbs in winter and summer

The conditions for growing greenery in the summer are approximately identical for each of its species.

With the onset of cold weather for heat-loving species, it is necessary to create special conditions of care.

Greenery business plan

Sales market. This is the first thing to decide. First, a market analysis. That is, a study of prices for greens, demand (which is more profitable), places of possible sale. Where to sell? There are many options - to rent to a store or to the market, to a catering organization (for example, to a cafe, a canteen), to a vegetable warehouse.

We consider expenses and profits (approximate calculations)

Growing green onions in the apartment.

• When placing containers in a room of 20 square meters in 2-3 tiers, we get 30 squares of area for sowing.
• 1 kg of sowing onions = 12-15 rubles. (wholesale). For 1 square meter of dense planting, 10 kg of onions will go. For 30 squares - 300 kg of onions (about 4 thousand rubles).
• Fertilizers - about 2.5 thousand rubles. per month. For containers - about 5-7 thousand rubles. For lamps - 10-15 thousand rubles.
• Water + electricity = 2-2.5 thousand rubles. per month. Fare.
• Harvest from 1 square meter - 10 kg of onions (minimum). That is, 600 kg / month, taking into account 2 harvests per month.
• Wholesale price - 70-80 rubles / kg. Accordingly, profit = about 45 thousand rubles. per month (minus expenses). It is worth noting that the expenses in the future are no longer so large-scale, so the net profit, even with a modest estimate, will be from 30 thousand rubles.

Higher yields await in the presence of an equipped greenhouse (the cost of a greenhouse is 40-130 thousand rubles). And even more so, if there is a hydroponic installation (about 35 thousand rubles for a room of 30 square meters).

And you can make a "knight's move" and buy mini-pots in bulk, in which the greens will grow and then be sold. Greens in pots are aesthetically attractive, more in demand by the consumer and stored longer.

Registration and taxes

To grow greenery for the purpose of selling it on the market, business registration is, of course, not required. But it is unprofitable to sell greens to resellers, it is embarrassing and uncomfortable to sell on their own, and for the full sale of products (shops, etc.) one cannot do without registration.

Therefore, as soon as the scale of the harvest exceeds “How can it be sold in such quantities without documents?”, Register an individual entrepreneur (OKVED code - A.01.12.2.), As an agricultural producer (preferential form of taxation - ESHN, 6 percent of profit), and keep working for yourself.

On a note:
Always invest the first profit in business development.

Dill and parsley are the most popular herbs. Almost every housewife uses these seasonings in the preparation of various dishes. Dill and parsley are not only a delicious seasoning, but also very healthy, so people who take care of their health must use fresh herbs.

In the previous article, we talked about and. In today's publication, we will talk about growing dill. Learn how to get the most out of this business.

Growing dill and parsley as a business can be a profitable and profitable way to make money. The main thing is to skillfully implement the idea. To do this, first of all, it is required to note the pros and cons of this type of business.

Benefits of a Dill and Parsley Growing Business

1. Simple technology of cultivation and care. Dill and parsley are unpretentious plants that do not require much care and certain skills. Even a beginner can handle this quite well. Therefore, it makes sense to try to implement this business idea;
2. Minimum financial investment. If you don't have the money to start a serious business, then growing herbs can be a very profitable option for a quick profit. Dill and parsley seeds cost a penny, the cultivation technology is the simplest. Therefore, there is every chance to make money in this business area;
3. Quick profit. You will receive a crop of dill and parsley in a short time after planting. Thus, the income from the greenery business can be expected after a few months;
4. Great demand for products. Greens are in constant demand at any time of the year. Especially in winter, you can profitably sell your products, so it makes sense to grow greenery all year round.

Cons of growing greenery business

As with any form of income, there are also certain disadvantages.

Firstly, cut greens cannot be stored for a long time and must be sold immediately. Therefore, it is so important to establish a good distribution channel for finished products.

Secondly, these are the difficulties with growing dill and parsley in the cold season. If you want to make your business year-round, then you need to equip a greenhouse for growing greens in the winter. Although these are additional costs, but believe me, they will quickly pay off with a skillfully established distribution channel.

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Technology for growing dill in a greenhouse in winter

On the shelves of vegetable shops and supermarkets, we see beautiful bunches of greens that attract buyers with their presentation and aroma. How to grow herbs for sale at home? Let's look at the important features of growing dill and parsley together.

Growing dill in a greenhouse

To grow greens in the cold season, you should build and equip a greenhouse. Depending on the planned cultivation volumes, choose the required area for sowing. For starters, a small greenhouse near the house is enough for you. You can build it yourself, with your own hands from improvised materials. To do this, you will need a regular film and a frame that can be made of wood.

Equipment

If you plan to start growing greens on an industrial scale, you need to equip the greenhouse with everything necessary for comfortable ripening of the crop in the cold season.

As noted earlier, it is much more profitable to grow parsley and dill for sale in winter than in summer, the price is much higher, and there is little competition.

Harvesting

When dill and parsley ripen, it is necessary to properly harvest and preserve the crop. Greens are a perishable product, but thanks to simple tricks, you can extend the life and preserve the presentation of the product. Before direct harvesting, water the bed with water. Thus, it will be more convenient to dig up the plant and clean its roots from the soil. After that, the dill should be placed in a waterproof container; to maintain its presentation, you can pour water into the container with the addition of aspirin and fertilizers. At temperatures up to +10 degrees, the greens will remain fresh for a week.

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Business costs

• Construction and equipment of the greenhouse. Everything will depend on your starting capital, you can build a greenhouse yourself or purchase a ready-made version;

• Purchase of seed. Dill and parsley seeds are inexpensive. In the future, you can collect seeds and no longer spend money on their purchase, continuing to grow greenery;

• Buying fertilizer. To get a good harvest, you need to take care of proper fertilizer and protection of plants from pests.

Sales and business profit

The most profitable is the cultivation of dill in a greenhouse in winter. Therefore, you should count on high profits in the cold season.

Greens are products that are in great demand among buyers. There are several options for its implementation.

Wholesale

If you conclude contracts for the constant supply of products with retail outlets, supermarkets, restaurants, then you can earn good money.

Sale of greens in the market

You can trade greens in the market by renting a tent. But this option is not very profitable due to the high competition. But as an additional way of implementation, it will fit perfectly.

It can be concluded that growing dill and parsley as a business is quite a profitable occupation, as well as. Small investments and quick payback - give rise to high competition in this business area. But even despite this, it is quite possible to earn good money, so it’s definitely worth a try. Also, read about other earning ideas, for example, about or. I wish you success.

* Calculations use average data for Russia

50 000 ₽

Minimum investment

65%

Profitability

20 sq.m.

Required area

From 1 month

Payback period

Most people who choose the idea of ​​starting their own “rural” business consider growing greens for sale as one of the first options. Indeed, this idea seems, at first glance, just perfect for starting. For its implementation, according to the authors of numerous articles on the Internet, a large start-up capital is not required. Planting material is quite inexpensive, the growing period of greens is an average of a month, and the yield is very high: up to four kilograms of greens can be harvested from one square meter of area. The demand for such products is stable, and the profitability of such a business is over 65%. However, unfortunately, not all of these statements are confirmed in practice.

First of all, you need to decide for what purpose you are going to do this. It's one thing if you grow greens for your needs and sell the surplus. If land is available, the cost of purchasing planting material and fertilizers will be minimal. But in this case, you should not count on big profits. In the best case, you will recoup your investment and provide yourself with fresh and environmentally friendly greens from spring to autumn. Also, if there is a sufficiently large area, you can grow greens exclusively for sale. But this option requires, firstly, large investments, and, secondly, such a business will also be seasonal. There is a third option for making money on greenery - year-round cultivation of green crops in greenhouses. However, during the period from late autumn to mid-spring, greenhouses will have to be heated and lit, which is associated with high costs. One of the biggest disappointments for newcomers to this business is the opinion that it is possible to collect 4-4.5 kg of greenery per square meter. In fact, even under the most favorable conditions (good lighting, drip irrigation, fertilizers and top dressing), the crop will average no more than three kilograms of greenery per 1 sq. meters. At the same time, its cost will be very high. It is highly undesirable to increase the sowing density in excess of the recommended one, as this will lead to a deterioration in the quality of greenery.

And, finally, the key problem is the organization of sales of finished products. As the farmers themselves say, growing greens is not a problem. The main problem is to sell it and make a profit. Firstly, purchase prices can vary greatly even in one region and in one season. Small-scale wholesale prices for greens can be either 50 rubles or 150 rubles per kilogram, but on average no more than 70-80 rubles at retail prices of 200 rubles per kg. The competition for local greenery producers is made up of farmers from nearby regions.

Types and features of green crops

Greens are healthy and tasty, contain a large amount of vitamins, can improve the taste of the first and second courses, and contribute to better absorption of food. Green crops are sufficiently resistant to low temperatures, so they can be grown outdoors from early spring to late autumn using early or winter crops. The most commonly grown dill, green onions, lettuce, spinach, parsley. This herb is used to prepare various dishes, and the technology for growing them is very simple.

Dill grown in greenhouses and as an independent culture, and as a compactor. When grown on greenery, it is sown on meter-long beds in rows (8-10 cm between rows) or continuous sowing, planting seeds to a depth of 2-3 cm. The sowing density is 15-20 g of seeds per 10 square meters. meters. Dill is cut when it reaches a height of 10-12 cm. During the summer, depending on weather and climatic conditions, dill can be sown at least twice. It is noteworthy that of all green crops, dill is the most demanding in terms of lighting and temperature (it should not be lower than 15 ° C). In addition, it matures the longest, but at the same time it has the highest productivity.

For cultivation Luke on a feather, experts recommend using small bulbs with a diameter of up to 30 mm and weighing up to 30 g and large sets. In this case, the sowing scheme is used in rows with row spacings of 45 cm or tape 20 plus 50 cm. When planted in autumn, the bulbs are planted to a depth of 4-5 cm, and in spring to a depth of 2-3 cm. It will be possible to harvest when the feathers reach a length of 20 -25 cm. There are technologies that allow growing green onions throughout the year. The best varieties for growing for sale are Batun, Emerald Island, Parade, Karatalsky, Krasnodar G-35, Spanish 313, Kaba.

Ready-made ideas for your business

Salad sown in early spring and even before winter in an ordinary way. Different types of lettuce are suitable for greenhouse cultivation - head, asparagus, leaf and romaine. Greenhouse lettuce varieties are most often grown because of its precocity. However, the head of cabbage also grows well, although it is more demanding on lighting and sowing density. Leaf lettuce is sown at a distance of 15-20 cm between rows and 2-3 cm in a row, and head lettuce - at a distance of 20-25 cm between rows and up to 10 cm in a row. Seeds are planted to a depth of 1-1.5 cm. The sowing density is 5 g of seeds per 10 square meters. meters of area. Harvest can be obtained 35-40 days after sowing. Lettuce needs regular care: it is necessary to regularly loosen the soil, destroy weeds and water the plants abundantly. In addition, you need to thin out the plants in a timely manner, otherwise they start blooming too early. Early deciduous varieties of lettuce include the following varieties: "May" and "Berlin yellow", to head ones - "Large green", "Stubborn", "Crystal", "Stone head". For autumn sowing, varieties such as "Winter Yellow-Green" and "Romen" are used.

Spinach grown in the same way as lettuce. The difference lies only in the sowing density: the distance between the rows should be 15-20 cm. The consumption is 40 g of seeds per 10 square meters. meters. The first harvest can be obtained in 30-35 days. Thus, on one area during the summer you can harvest from two crops or more. This crop tolerates the first frosts well, so it is often sown in the summer after lettuce, spring onions and other early crops. Then spinach can be grown until late autumn. The only negative of this green culture (as well as lettuce) is the need for regular watering. With the onset of drought, spinach loses its nutritional value and throws out arrows. The most common varieties of spinach include "Summer Giant", "Virofle" and "Victoria".

parsley grown both from seeds and by distillation from root crops. Before sowing, parsley seeds are kept in wet gauze for five days at room temperature and another ten days after germination at a temperature of +1-2°C. This allows you to get the first shoots as soon as possible and increase the yield. The sowing rate of parsley is 20 g per 10 square meters. meter. It is much more difficult to grow parsley from root vegetables. To do this, root crops are kept in sand at a temperature of +2 ° C, and then planted in moist soil at an angle of 45 degrees and to a depth of 15 cm (with a weight of root crops of 60-70 g). Furrows are first cut in the soil at a distance of about 15 cm from each other, then they are filled with water. The distance between plantings should be 5-6 cm, and between rows - 10 cm. The main thing is not to sprinkle the head and neck of root crops with earth. The soil must be lightly compacted and watered intensively. The harvest can be obtained 30-45 days after planting the root crops, when the parsley leaves reach 20-25 cm in length. Moreover, with proper care (regular watering - preferably drip, ventilation, avoidance of sudden temperature changes, good lighting), you can collect up to 6 kg of greenery from 1 sq. meters.

For growing greens for sale, experts advise giving preference to early-ripening and hardy varieties. If you plan to grow several types of green crops at once, then you must follow the sequence of crops. First of all, onion sets are sown, which goes to the feather. Before planting, the material must be prepared. It is recommended to soak the sevok for three days, cutting off the top of the head. Then it is planted in well-moistened water (warm if the earth is not yet warm enough) soil. Onions require regular care: loosening the soil, top dressing and regular watering. After onions, dill and parsley are sown, the seeds of which are also pre-soaked. Two weeks after planting onions and dill, lettuce and spinach can be planted.

Growing greens in greenhouses

As experience shows, it is most profitable to engage in the greenhouse business in the southern regions of our country - in the Stavropol and Krasnodar Territories, where frosts are not so strong, and daylight hours are longer. Otherwise, the high costs of gas and electricity in the northern regions will “eat up” all the profits from the sale of finished products. For a 20 sq. meters heating costs in winter are about 75,000-80,000 rubles. In the middle lane, the cost of heating such an area will average 250,000 rubles a year (if you meet the electricity quota). It often turns out to be more profitable to deliver finished goods from other regions than to grow greens on your own. The minimum profitability of the greenhouse business should be 20%. Ideally, you should strive for indicators of 30-35%, but they are difficult to achieve.

Ready-made ideas for your business

Growing greens in a greenhouse is more profitable at least four times than vegetables. However, keep in mind that ideally you need to organize a stable sale of your products in the nearest settlement in order to minimize transportation costs.

The cheapest technology for greenhouse cultivation of green crops is hydroponics. In fact, it allows you to minimize physical labor, reduce the vegetative cycle of plants by several times and, accordingly, increase productivity by several times. When using hydroponic technology, plants are grown on artificial media without soil - not in boxes with soil, but in ordinary plastic cups or PVC pipes with holes made in them. They receive nutrients from a humid air environment, which requires frequent or constant drip irrigation with a working solution of mineral salts. Due to the small volume of growing containers, plants can be placed in them not only in the lower part of the greenhouse, but also vertically, on walls, and even under the ceiling, which allows you to increase productivity even in a small area. Everything would be fine if not for one “but”: crops grown in hydroponics do not have a characteristic taste and smell. They are almost tasteless, although they have an attractive appearance. Even the low price does not compensate for the taste deficiencies. But, nevertheless, although this technology is not suitable for the summer season (when there is an abundance of fresh herbs straight from the garden on the market), it is widely used for growing herbs in the winter months. In the absence of an alternative, consumers are willing to buy fresh herbs, even if their taste leaves much to be desired.

There are also "intermediate" technologies for greenhouse cultivation of greenery, which involve the simultaneous use of peat and ordinary soil and liquid fertilizers used in hydroponics. These technologies are three times more expensive than hydroponics, but the products grown with their help are not much different from those grown in the open field.

What material should be used to make greenhouses for growing greenery? Currently, glass and polyethylene are most widely used for this. A glazed greenhouse is more expensive both at the construction stage and during further operation, since glass does not retain heat well. In addition, on hot and sunny days, glass does not retain or scatter light, which can cause plant burns. In extreme cases, tempered technical glass with a thickness of 6 mm or more can be used for the construction of a greenhouse. This material can be purchased at a price of 1000 rubles per linear meter. However, polyethylene is not the best option, since, on the contrary, it transmits light very poorly. On cloudy days in such a greenhouse there will be insufficient lighting, which adversely affects the plants. Yes, and the cost of heating a film greenhouse will be considerable. There are better options that have recently gained increasing popularity - metal structures with acrylic or polycarbonate coating. A greenhouse made of these materials is more expensive than polyethylene. But it will last much longer, and its efficiency will be higher.

Ready-made ideas for your business

The construction of a greenhouse costs from 1,500 rubles per 1 sq. meter without additional equipment. At the same time, a greenhouse of 100 sq. meters (a relatively small greenhouse measuring, for example, 5 by 20 meters) gives about 80 square meters. meters of usable area. However, the area can be increased up to 200 square meters. meters using a two-tier racking system.

A large area greenhouse is recommended to be divided into spans of 25 square meters. meters, which will facilitate the care of landings. Manufacturers, in an attempt to minimize the cost of greens, do not pay much attention to either the quality of the soil or its fertilizer. In extreme cases, if the greens “fade”, then it is sprayed with urea, and when mold appears, it is treated with potassium permanganate.

Prospects and risks of "green" business

Although, in general, growing greens for sale is a promising and profitable direction, but only if several conditions are met. In the first place are production volumes - the more they are, the better. And on the second (although this condition is no less important) - the presence of distribution channels. Selling greens on your own in the market or selling it to resellers for a penny, you won’t earn much. It is possible to agree on deliveries with cafes and restaurants, but, firstly, their purchase volumes are not so large. Secondly, you need to provide all documents for your products. And thirdly, it will be very difficult to achieve such agreements.

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