The Moscow Novodevichy Cemetery is known far beyond the capital. The remains of great figures of science, culture and art, prominent politicians are buried in this shelter for the dead.
The territory of the cemetery is huge - as much as 7 and a half hectares. She continues to grow. And it all started with a modest burial at, founded in the 16th century. Prince Vasily III. At first, the deceased nuns of the monastery were buried here. The monastery gave its name to the cemetery. The name of the most holy place came, according to legend, from the Maiden's field, on which the Tatars in ancient times selected Russian beauties for themselves.
Before the October Revolution and a decade after it, nuns and ordinary Muscovites were buried at Novodevichy. It became privileged in the late 1920s. of the last century, when the country's government decided that only people who held a prominent social position would rest here. Writers V. Mayakovsky, V. Bryusov, A. Chekhov, A. Tvardovsky, B. Akhmadullina, V. Shukshin and many others found eternal rest on this land; politicians - V. Chernomyrdin, A. Gromyko, B. Yeltsin, wife of M. Gorbachev Raisa Maksimovna; artists - I. Levitan, V. Serov; actors and directors - S. Bondarchuk, E. Evstigneev. There is a special "Mkhatovskaya alley" at the cemetery.
The territory of the place of eternal rest of prominent people of Russia is divided into Old, New and Newest cemeteries. There is a special bureau where you can book an excursion. The "Cemetery Guide" will show the most famous graves, tell you about interesting facts related to the life and death of our wonderful compatriots.
So, during the tour, you can find out that Vasily Shukshin was buried in a "privileged" cemetery against the will of his mother, who wanted the body to be delivered to her son's homeland - to Siberia.
A curious and rather unexpected story about Stalin's wife Nadezhda Alliluyeva. It turns out that the unbending "leader of the peoples", who at the coffin of his wife accused her of betrayal (Nadezhda committed suicide for unknown reasons), often came here secretly at night and was sad at her grave.
The most mysterious story of Novodevichy is connected with the name of Gogol. When his grave was opened, it was found that the coffin was damaged on the inside, and the head of the corpse was missing. They say that the great writer was not in vain afraid that he would be buried alive ... Scientists have been refuting these legends and conjectures for more than a decade, but they are still alive among the people.
The Novodevichy Cemetery became famous thanks to its architectural monuments. Many tombstones are real works of art, creations of brilliant sculptors. This last refuge of many famous people of Russia is included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. Silence and peace reign here everywhere. In this land lie those who made our history, whose names are written in school textbooks. No matter how we treat them, their memory is worthy of our respect. Peace and rest to their ashes...
Novodevichy Cemetery is considered the second most important burial place in Moscow. At the same time, it is also one of the oldest. There was a cemetery back in 1898 on the south side of the Novodevichy convent. More than a hundred years ago, it was considered an honorable place for the last refuge due to the proximity of the holy monastery.
During the Soviet Union, Novodevichy turned into a real pantheon of national heroes and outstanding figures of art and science. More prestigious can only be a burial near the Kremlin wall.
History of Novodevichy
The very first graves on the territory of the modern Novodevichy cemetery appeared in the 16th century. But then these were lonely cases of burials. Some of the inhabitants of the monastery found their last earthly shelter here. The number of their graves gradually increased. Over time, the tombs of noble people joined them.
In the 50s of the XX century, the territory of the Novodevichy cemetery was actively developed. It was expanded by adding soil on the southern slope. The territory was fenced with a brick wall, which adjoined the ancient monastery walls. Now there are 11 sites on Novodevichy, where more than 26 thousand people are buried. To be honored to be buried in this place, you need to be an outstanding person during your lifetime, a son (or daughter), whom the Motherland could be proud of.
Who rests here
The Novodevichy Cemetery is, in a sense, a Russian historical museum. It is included in the UNESCO World Heritage Register. One of the first "sovereign" personalities buried on its territory were relatives of Ivan the Terrible: his daughter Annushka, as well as his daughter-in-law and daughter-in-law. High-born nuns also found peace here, and in the past - princesses Catherine and Evdokia Miloslavsky, Sophia, the sister of Tsar Peter I, and his wife Evdokia Lopukhina.
Later, representatives of famous Russian families were buried here: princes Sergei Trubetskoy, Alexander Muravyov, Decembrist Matvey Muravyov-Apostol, Count Alexei Uvarov and others. the famous opera singer Fyodor Chaliapin (the ashes of the latter were transported from France several decades after the death of Fyodor Ivanovich).
Interestingly, in a sense, a real “cherry orchard” has “grown” in the old territory of the cemetery. Many famous actors of the Moscow Art Theater are buried here, headed by the unforgettable Anton Chekhov and Konstantin Stanislavsky. In addition to the graves of these prominent people on Novodevichy, one can find the tombstones of the last resting places of Mikhail Bulgakov, Vladimir Mayakovsky, Samuil Marshak, Sergei Prokofiev, Vladimir Vernadsky, Ivan Sechenov and other poets, writers, playwrights, composers and scientists of world renown.
Who can be buried on Novodevichy in our time
According to official data, places for burials are provided in 2 cases: for special services to the Fatherland and in the presence of ancient family burials. In the first case, the Moscow government provides a place in the cemetery free of charge to a person whose services to the Motherland are undeniable. Such persons include prominent scientists, figures of art and literature, politicians, etc. The state gives them the opportunity to rest for free in the immediate vicinity of the great sons of Russia and automatically replenish this glorious pantheon.
In the second case, you need to be a descendant of an old Russian family, whose representatives already have graves on Novodevichy. Naturally, in such a situation, it is necessary to provide documents confirming the relationship of the deceased with those who were previously buried in the historical cemetery. According to the law, new family burial places cannot be opened here (Novodevichy is considered a closed-type cemetery).
At the same time, you can often find announcements of ritual services that offer assistance in carrying out burials at Novodevichy. According to unofficial data, prices for a plot at this historic cemetery start at 150 thousand rubles and can reach an amount of 1.5-1.8 million. Typically, such burials are possible only if a very old grave is moved, but this is extremely rare.
The Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow is known no less than the Kremlin, it is the burial place of the dead. The land area of seven and a half hectares is the whole history of the Russian people.
History of occurrence
The Novodevichy cemetery appeared next to the monastery of the same name in 1898, which is located on the peninsula in Luzhniki. The monastery was founded by Prince Vasily III and dedicated to the liberation of Smolensk from the Lithuanian invasion.
There are several versions of the origin of the name of the monastery. According to one of them, it came from the field on which it is located. Once upon a time, the Tatars selected Russian girls for themselves. Another version connects the name of the monastery with its first nun, Elena Devochkina.
One way or another, this place has a rich history: the monastery burned down more than once, wandered from hand to hand, was used as a laundry, a gym, a kindergarten.
Next to the monastery was founded a cemetery for the repose of the nuns. One of the first to be buried here was the author of the Novodevichy Convent - N. E. Efimov.
There were few burials in this place for a long period. However, over time, Novodevichy Cemetery became one of the most expensive and elite burial places. The graves of celebrities of the state and cultural-historical levels are located there at every turn.
Who was buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery?
People from higher circles found their last refuge under the Novodevichy Convent. These were statesmen - military leaders and ministers, painters and sculptors, poets and writers, academicians and scientists. The personalities buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery are known to many. These are (poetess), V. Bryusov (playwright), A. Chekhov and N. Chukovsky (writers), artists and sculptors A. Bubnov, N. Zhukov, V. Svarog, V. Shestakov. There are many relatives of famous politicians here - the wives of Stalin, Brezhnev, Gorbachev, Dzerzhinsky.
There were no cheap, let alone free, places at the Novodevichy Cemetery. It was and remains one of the richest and most comfortable burial places. In this regard, the graves were repeatedly abused and vandalized. After the revolution, in 1917-1920, most of the tombstones, crosses, sculptures and fences were destroyed or taken out.
History of Russia in burials
After the October Revolution, it was decided to make the Novodevichy Cemetery a burial place for "persons with social status." In 1930, the graves of N. V. Gogol, D. V. Venevitinov, S. T. Aksakov, I. I. Levitan, M. N. Ermolova and other public figures were transferred to the Novodevichy Cemetery. Celebrity graves take center stage here.
Geographically, the churchyard consists of three parts: the old cemetery (1-4th sections), the new (5-8th) and the newest cemetery (9-11th). It has expanded three times in its history. About 26,000 people rest in the necropolis.
Many historical figures are buried in the old site. Among them are M. Bulgakov and his wife, A. N. Tolstoy, V. V. Mayakovsky, I. A. Ilf, S. Ya. Marshak, V. M. Shukshin, V. I. Vernadsky, P. P. Kashchenko, A. I. Abrikosov, I. M. Sechenov, L. M. Kaganovich, V. M. Molotov, V. S. Chernomyrdin, N. S. Alliluyeva (Stalin's second wife) and many others.
The "new" territory of the cemetery is a columbarium for urns with ashes, which has about 7,000 urns. There is the ashes of the writers A. Tvardovsky and S. Mikhalkov, the aircraft designer A. N. Tupolev, the grave of the great actor of all times and peoples - Yuri Nikulin. Politicians B. Yeltsin and N. Khrushchev rest in these places.
The “newest” site is the burials of Russian cultural figures, among them - E. Leonov, L. Gurchenko, M. Ulyanov, N. Kryuchkov, S. Bondarchuk, A. Schnittke and hundreds of other people.
Novodevichy Cemetery - tourism direction
Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow is one of the ten most beautiful and unique burial places in the world. It is a cultural and memorial property of Russia, and is also included in the UNESCO heritage list.
It is not surprising that this burial place is on the list of many travel companies in Moscow. Indeed, in addition to the graves of celebrities, the Novodevichy cemetery is filled with the works of famous sculptors and architects. The tombstones of the Novodevichy cemetery were made by such creators as M. Anikushin, E. Vuchetich, S. Konenkov, V. Mukhina, N. Tomsky, G. Schultz. The works are made in the new Russian style, neoclassicism and modernism were also used.
Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow: secrets and mysticism
The land of the Novodevichy cemetery has absorbed a lot of human tears and grief throughout its history. And let it sound paradoxical, but for many women the churchyard gave healing and hope. Perhaps this is because its fate, like the fate of the monastery, was largely determined by the feminine principle. Many female individuals are buried here, who during their lifetime were deeply unhappy. They loved and suffered, believed and hoped, but did not find happiness. Now the "sufferers" are in a better world, and their energy is able to heal and heal. She helps to find female happiness - to meet her destiny, to get married, to give birth to a long-awaited child ...
More than one eyewitness claims that strange silhouettes and shadows were seen while walking around the burial sites. Perhaps this is Abbot Devochkin, who has been guarding these lands for centuries. Maybe it's Stalin mourning at his wife's grave. Or maybe Gogol is looking for those who desecrated his grave? Rumor has it that when the writer was reburied, his body lay on its side and without a head. According to one version, the head was stolen by an unknown collector.
The most visited monument at the Novodevichy Cemetery
Many famous people rest at the Novodevichy Cemetery. However, not all tourists are attracted by such gloomy places. This graveyard is an exception. There are hundreds of those wishing to visit the burial places of great cultural and political figures.
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There are cemeteries in Russia where it is almost impossible for ordinary people to get. Burials there deserve only those who have certain merits to the Fatherland. One of the most famous is the Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow. Here are the graves of politicians, actors, poets, show business stars, as well as other celebrities.
Death is an unpleasant event in people's lives that can come both unexpectedly and expectedly. Be that as it may, every deceased must go through the funeral rite. Which way to choose is the decision of loved ones or the last will of the deceased. At present, there are 2 most common types:
- burial in the ground
- cremation.
Regardless of which method is chosen, it is worth taking care of the place for burial. And here some difficulties may arise.
If in small villages and towns there are no problems with a place in cemeteries, then in big cities it is a real disaster. Not only is it difficult to choose what you want, but also the prices are quite high. In addition, due to the large number of dead, some cemeteries are closed, and the opening of new ones is not particularly taken care of.
In addition, there is a tendency to take out such funeral areas outside the city. Getting to such places is not so convenient, but this is not of particular interest to anyone. That is why many do in one grave.
Moscow Novodevichy Cemetery
It is considered one of the most famous cemeteries in Moscow. The year of its foundation is considered 1898, near the walls of the Novodevichy Convent. The first burials were made here in the 16th century. They were the nuns of the monastery. Later they began to bury other dead.
Since over time the territory was almost filled, it was decided to allocate another piece of land for expansion. The official opening took place in 1904. Now the old part is called the Old Novodevichy Cemetery, and the modern part is called the New Novodevichy Cemetery.
Nowadays it is also called a necropolis. According to some reports, about 26,000 people are buried here, and the territory reaches 8 hectares of land.
How to get to the Novodevichy cemetery
Address of its location: Luzhnetsky proezd, 2. You can get there at:
- metro,
- bus,
- trolleybus.
If you chose the metro, then you should get off at the station Sportivnaya. Turn right and walk along the 10th anniversary of October street. You will see the monastery. turn left and walk along the wall to the cemetery gate. You can also get there by buses number 64, 132 or trolleybus 5.15.
Opening hours
The opening hours of the Novodevichy cemetery for visitors are as follows: from Monday to Sunday from 10.00 to 17.00.
Who is buried at Novodevichy Cemetery
Some historical documents say that here lie the remains of the daughter of Ivan the Terrible, the daughters of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, the sister of Peter 1 and Tsarina Sophia, the wife of Peter 1. Also in the 19th century, wealthy merchants, political and public figures, scientists, writers, musicians began to be buried here .
In 1922, the cemetery was given the status of a museum and taken under state protection. For 8 years, a square with alleys was laid out on the territory of the necropolis. With such ennoblement of the territory, a large number of ancient graves were damaged, and many were damaged.
As already mentioned, from the 19th century, burials of famous people began to be carried out on the territory. The whole territory is divided into 4 sectors. But plots 5 to 8 began to be used only in the 20th century. Also, a columbarium was set up on the territory of the New Novodevichy Cemetery, where urns with the ashes of the dead are buried. At this time, there are about 7,000 urns. Yeltsin's grave at the Novodevichy Cemetery is considered the most famous.
But already in the 80s, the newest territory of the cemetery arose. Previously, in its place was a stone-cutting workshop.
As already mentioned, this burial place is not designed for mere mortals. Mostly those who have certain merits are buried here. Among them are a large number of pop stars, poets, actors, politicians and other celebrities. Separately, for a long time, we can talk about the monuments at the Novodevichy cemetery. Some of them are masterpieces of architecture. Among them there are sculptures in full growth, and rather extraordinary monumental compositions.
The following famous people are buried in this cemetery:
- political figures: B. Yeltsin, N.S. Khrushchev, R.M. Gorbacheva, A.I. Lebed;
- writers: I.A. Ilf, M.A. Bulgakov, A.N. Tolstoy, S.Ya. Marshak, V.M. Shukshin;
- actors: O.I. Yankovsky, L.P. Orlov, Yu. Nikulin, E. Leonov, R. Bykov, A. Papanov, I. Smoktunovsky, V. Tikhonov;
- singers: M. Bernes, L. Ruslanova, A. Vertinsky;
- announcer - Yuri Levitan;
- aircraft designer - A.N. Tupolev;
- pilot-cosmonauts - G. Titov and G. Beregovoy;
- directors - S. Bondarchuk, S. Gerasimov.
Among such famous people, Ilya Glazunov is distinguished. He was a People's Artist of the USSR. After he died on July 9, it was decided to hold the funeral of Ilya Glazunov at the Novodevichy cemetery next to the grave of Vladimir Zeldin.
The graves of celebrities at the Novodevichy Cemetery are located throughout the territory. After all, their location depends on the time of their death. Many want to see their tombstones and therefore come to the cemetery. And demand, as you know, creates supply. On the territory of the cemetery, they began to conduct excursions for everyone who wants to see all the graves and not look for them among others.
Since the territory of the cemetery is no longer increasing, and, accordingly, there are no more places for this, it was decided that the Federal Military Memorial Cemetery in Mytishchi or Troekurovskoye could become a further resting place for the first persons of the state. The application for such a decision was announced back in 2007 by the presidential affairs manager Vladimir Kozhin, after the death of Mstislav Rostropovich. But nevertheless, burials are still held.
At present, this cemetery is a place of frequent visits by tourists. Many gravestones are made by famous sculptors. Also, a large number of urns with ashes and graves are classified as cultural heritage sites of regional and federal significance.
The Lord is always with you!
The Vagankovsky cemetery is probably the most famous necropolis of our time. The history of this place began almost three hundred years ago and continues to this day. It is unlikely that one day it will be possible to establish an exact list of everyone who is buried at the Vagankovsky cemetery for at least the last hundred years, not to mention its entire long history. The list of the deceased, who found their last shelter here, according to the most conservative estimates, should have numbered about half a million names. However, many burials remain unnamed.
and the foundation of the cemetery
One of the last outbreaks of plague in Russia in 1770-1772 was marked not only by the mass death of the population, but also by significant popular unrest in Moscow and its environs. The unrest was suppressed, however, by decree of Empress Catherine II, the deceased citizens were forbidden to bury within the city.
The preventive sanitary measure had an effect, the disease receded, and a necropolis grew up near Moscow in the village of Novoe Vagankovo, where ordinary Muscovites were buried.
Who is buried at the Vagankovsky cemetery? Of course, no one kept a list of burials in those distant times. In the 18-19 centuries, the last refuge of those who died from epidemics, soldiers who fell in the Battle of Borodino, died on the Khodynka field and many other victims of wars and historical tragedies found their last refuge there.
The Great Patriotic War added to the Vagankovsky cemetery of mass graves and monuments to the defenders of the city.
Do they remember everyone? Who is buried at the Vagankovsky cemetery from celebrities
Today, we associate the largest with the graves of all our beloved actors, cultural and art figures, politicians - our contemporaries. Meanwhile, many people forget that, in fact, this place became a necropolis of celebrities more than a hundred years ago. If at the very beginning of its history, the Vagankovskoye cemetery could only boast of nameless mass graves and modest graves of ordinary people, then after half a century it turned into the resting place of the greatest people of its era.
Among those buried at the Vagankovsky cemetery are the most famous families of the 19th century. These are politicians, military men, cultural figures, writers and artists. Next to the magnificent graves of famous historical figures, there are modest burials of now almost forgotten people, whose names are known only to specialists.
Memory of the Decembrist uprising
The list of those buried at the Vagankovsky cemetery can be started with the names of the Decembrists. Currently, only seven of their graves have been preserved. In one fence there are tombstones of Alexander Filippovich Frolov and Pavel Sergeevich Bobrischev-Pushkin, next to them is a pink marble stele of Ivan Nikolayevich Khotyaintsev.
The grave of Mikhail Alexandrovich Bestuzhev is located on the main alley. His daughters and sister Elena are also buried here. A great woman, whose name is undeservedly forgotten by descendants. It was she who preserved the most valuable archival artifact for history - the famous Bestuzhev gallery of portraits of the Decembrists, taking it out of Siberia after the death of her brother.
A black granite monument crowns the grave of the Decembrist Alexander Petrovich Belyaev, and the grave of Nikolai Aleksandrovich Zagoretsky is also nearby.
Friends of A. S. Pushkin
Few people remember where the burial place of the greatest poet is. No, of course, he does not rest at the Vagankovsky cemetery. The grave of the classic of Russian literature is located in the Svyatogorsky Monastery, in the Pskov region. Nevertheless, of those of his contemporaries who are buried at the Vagankovsky cemetery, many were closely associated with A. S. Pushkin and his family.
So, near the church ensemble are the graves of close friends of the poet: Count Fyodor Ivanovich Tolstoy and the famous theater figure and composer Alexei Nikolaevich Verestovsky.
brush masters
Famous people buried at the Vagankovsky cemetery, not always, having ended their lives, came to this place in glory and honor. Especially if it was about creative people who gave all their strength to art and thought little about worldly affairs.
The host of outstanding artists, painters and graphic artists who are buried at the Vagankovsky cemetery is impressive. Vasily Andreyevich Tropinin, a great painter of the Romantic era and the founder of a realistic portrait in Russian painting, is buried in a modest grave. He left more than three thousand portraits of his contemporaries, and it is to his talent and skill of the brush that Russian art owes the development of realism and the appearance of the portrait-type.
V. A. Tropinin was the first famous artist buried at the Vagankovsky cemetery. Following him, this Moscow necropolis became the last refuge for such masters of the brush as Vasily Ivanovich Surikov, Vasily Vladimirovich Pukirev, Nikolai Alexandrovich Klodt, Aristarkh Vasilyevich Lentulov and many others. The Wanderers and avant-garde artists, illustrators, decorators, graphic artists and painters who worked in the 19th and 20th centuries rest here.
The people buried at the Vagankovsky cemetery and who left an indelible mark on history are today mostly forgotten by their contemporaries. Many graves are dilapidated, some do not even have commemorative plaques. Nevertheless, they are gradually returning the names.
The grave of the author of "Rooks ..."
At the Vagankovsky cemetery there is the grave of the creator of a cult, or, as they say, "archetypal" work of Russian painting. The famous work "The Rooks Have Arrived" is still known from school. However, few people know the tragic fate of its creator.
Alexei Kondratievich Savrasov is one of the founders of the Association of Traveling Exhibitions, a brilliant painter and teacher. Alas, he spent the last years of his life in poverty. Personal tragedies that the artist could not cope with, alcoholism and constant need led to the fact that he was completely alone, forgotten and sick. He died in a Moscow hospital for the poor.
Initially, his grave was crowned with the cheapest wooden cross and a modest inscription on it read: “Academician Alexei Kondratievich Savrasov. Born May 12, 1830, died September 26, 1897. The boards on the cross rotted and collapsed, in the end it disappeared, and the burial place of the great painter was abandoned and forgotten for many years.
However, the words of Isaac Levitan about Savrasov turned out to be prophetic: “One of the most profound Russian artists has died ... Since Savrasov appeared lyrics in landscape painting and boundless love for his native land ... and this undoubted merit in the field of Russian art has never been will be forgotten."
Today, his grave at the Vagankovsky cemetery is decorated with a granite obelisk with a laconic inscription: "Outstanding Russian artist Alexei Kondratievich Savrasov, 1830-1897."
The last journey of the servants of Melpomene
The list of celebrities buried at the Vagankovsky cemetery is impressive. Paradoxically, the necropolis, which appeared as a result of the greatest tragedies in the history of the state, has become a favorite burial place for theater and film actors, directors, musicians and composers.
According to legend, the tradition of burying people of acting professions here came from one of the Moscow mayors, by whose decree it was instructed to bury acting people on Vagankovsky. Perhaps because this cemetery was the largest and it was quick and convenient to get to it, which reduced the cost of funerals, which often took place at public expense. However, there is another mystical coincidence: it was on the site of the future necropolis that jesters and buffoons settled in the 17th century.
Today, the number of beloved actors, musicians and singers resting here is difficult to pin down. The actors buried at the Vagankovsky cemetery were the idols of their time, and the glory of many has not been forgotten to this day.
At the entrance stands a snow-white iceberg-monument in the style of constructivism on the grave of Alexander Abdulov. The original monument-memorial in the form of film frames reminds of everyone's favorite Mikhail Pugovkin. Not far away is the grave of “the best Watson in the world” Vitaly Solomin. Actors Andrei Mironov, Oleg Dal, Leonid Filatov, directors and playwright, playwright and satirist Grigory Gorin. Do not count all those who are buried at the Vagankovsky cemetery from celebrities who have enriched domestic and world culture. Below is a list (far from complete, of course, of celebrities not mentioned in the text):
- - writer.
- Alov Alexander - director.
- Yuri Bogatyrev is an actor.
- Braginsky Emil - playwright.
- Burkov George - actor.
- Balter Alla is an actress.
- Vitsin George is an actor.
- Voroshilov Vladimir - presenter.
- Spiridonov Vadim - actor.
- Garin Erast is an actor.
- Glebov Peter - actor.
- Gluzsky Mikhail - actor.
- Dvorzhetsky Evgeny is an actor.
- Kaverin Veniamin is a writer.
- Mikhail Kononov is an actor.
- Marina Levtova is an actress.
- Liepa Maris - dancer.
- Listyev Vlad - journalist.
- Migulya Vladimir - composer.
- Rozov Victor - playwright.
- Rostotsky Andrey - actor.
- Sazonova Nina - actress.
- Samoilov Vladimir - actor.
- - actor.
- Streltsov Eduard - athlete.
- Tanich Mikhail is a poet.
- Tulikov Serafim - composer.
- Fedorova Zoya - actress.
- Kharitonov Leonid - actor.
- Chekan Stanislav is an actor.
- Chukhrai Grigory - film director.
- Yumatov Georgy - actor.
- Yashin Lev is an athlete.
Two graves of one genius
There is also a monument to Vsevolod Meyerhold. Tragic, like the life of the director himself, is the fate of his grave. For a long time, the circumstances and place of Meyerhold's death were kept secret. Only in 1987 did his real burial place in the cemetery near the Donskoy Monastery become known. A black stone stele with the name of Meyerhold was installed on the grave of his tragically deceased wife Zinaida Reich 20 years before the discovery of the real burial place of the theater director reformer.
"Faithful Galya"
Poet Sergei Yesenin is buried at the Vagankovsky cemetery. The rebellious life and tragic death of the young genius of poetry attracted the attention of admirers and admirers to his resting place. Alas, the grave of Sergei Yesenin is notorious. Neither the bust, carved in a block of white marble, nor the granite plinth, immersed in flowers, can erase the sad facts of the history of this burial. One of the cemetery legends says that at night the ghost of a young woman appears near the grave.
“I committed suicide here, although I know that after that even more dogs will hang on Yesenin. But he and I don't care. In this grave for me all the most precious ... ".
Perhaps this legend was based on the sad fate of his friend and assistant. A year after the death of the poet, she shot herself at his grave, leaving the famous suicide note. She rests here, next to her idol. The first inscription on a modest grave: "Faithful Galya" very accurately reflected the essence of her feelings for Yesenin and their difficult, drama-filled relationship. However, now the snow-white slab is decorated with long lines from the poet’s letter to her: “Galya, dear! I repeat to you that you are very, very dear to me. Yes, and you yourself know that without your participation in my fate there would be a lot of deplorable things.
A series of suicides that followed after that at the grave of the "Moscow reveler" enveloped the place with an ominous veil of fatalism and misfortune. In total, 12 people committed suicide here - all women.
Idols of millions
What celebrities are buried at the Vagankovsky cemetery and what stories and legends envelop their death and resting place, it is difficult to count. The grave of Vladimir Semyonovich Vysotsky was no exception. A slightly pretentious monument depicts everyone's favorite singer and artist, expressive, eager as he was during his lifetime. On the one hand - a portrait, on the other - a monument-allegory, the leitmotif of which was the lines of the artist's prophetic song "Fussy Horses". Pathetic, strange monument. Eyewitnesses to Vysotsky's funeral claimed that his widow Marina Vladi sobbed when she saw the tombstone, calling it an ugly example of socialist realism.
Vysotsky was not supposed to find his last resting place on the main alley. The authorities assigned him a place in the far corner. However, fate intervened in the person of the director of the Vagankovsky cemetery, a great admirer of the work of Vladimir Semyonovich. It was he who allocated an empty place for the funeral at the very entrance, where the singer rests to this day.
The gravestone of another great bard is distinguished by modesty and conciseness. Bulat Okudzhava is also buried at the Vagankovsky cemetery. A tombstone in the form of a large boulder with an intricately executed inscription - the name of the singer and composer. This tombstone can rightly be considered a magnificent example of artistic minimalism.
One of the few graves, to this day littered with flowers, belongs to Igor Talkov. Another idol of millions who tragically died at a young age. And his death is shrouded in secrets, rumors and legends, like many of his predecessors who were buried at the Vagankovsky cemetery. The photo of the singer in a frame with a wooden carved pediment, reminiscent of a Russian hut, is almost always framed with garlands of carnations and roses. The tombstone itself is decorated in the neo-pagan Slavic style. A huge bronze cross rises on a black pedestal, the surface of which is decorated with Cyrillic script, and at the base of the pedestal, the famous lines “And defeated in battle, I will rise and sing ...” are inscribed with gilding.
At the grave of Igor Talkov, as well as at the grave of Sergei Yesenin, there were some suicide attempts. Fortunately, in this case, suicide was prevented and the restless female fans were saved.
Who are they, the saints buried at the Vagankovsky cemetery?
There are special graves on this huge necropolis. Near them is always crowded, they come here from afar with prayers and requests for help. One of these graves belongs to Father Valentine. Although officially he was never canonized, people sincerely believe in his intercession and consider the grave miraculous.
Father Valentin during his lifetime was known for his good disposition, open generous heart. The poor and orphans, widows and the homeless turned to him for help. The clergyman took a sincere part in the fate of all those who sought his protection and support.
It is noteworthy that the exact burial place of Father Valentine is unknown. The priest died in 1908, and in the turbulent 20s they wanted to destroy his grave in order to stop the pilgrimage. In 1941, when they dug up the supposed burial site, no remains were found. It is believed that, fulfilling the will of Father Valentine, he was buried two meters deeper than it was customary to bury the dead.
Today, at the alleged resting place of the holy father, there are two crosses at once, literally a meter apart. White, stone, installed by the great-granddaughter of the clergyman, the second, wooden, erected by pilgrims. From somewhere there was a belief that it was here, away from the official grave, that the ashes of Father Valentine rested. Both crosses have flowers, candles, and there is always a line of people praying for help and thanking for intercession.
