The word "swastika" in Sanskrit means the following: "swasti" (स्वस्ति) - greeting, good luck, "su" (सु) in translation means "good, good", and "asti" (अस्ति), which means "to eat, to be ".

Few people now remember that the Swastika was depicted on Soviet money in the period from 1917 to 1923, as a legalized state symbol; that on the sleeve patches of soldiers and officers of the Red Army in the same period there was also a Swastika in a laurel wreath, and inside the Swastika were the letters R.S.F.S.R. There is even an opinion that the Golden Swastika-Kolovrat, as a party symbol, was presented to Adolf Hitler by Comrade I.V. Stalin in 1920. So many legends and conjectures have accumulated around this ancient symbol that we decided to tell in more detail about this oldest solar cult symbol on Earth.

The swastika symbol is a rotating cross with curved ends pointing clockwise or counterclockwise. As a rule, now all over the world all Swastika symbols are called in one word - SWASTIKA, which is fundamentally wrong, because. each Swastika symbol in ancient times had its own name, purpose, Guardian Power and Figurative meaning.

Swastika symbolism, as the most ancient, is most often found during archaeological excavations. More often than other symbols, it was found in ancient burial mounds, on the ruins of ancient cities and settlements. In addition, they were depicted on various details of architecture, weapons, and household utensils of many peoples of the world. Swastika symbolism is ubiquitous in ornamentation, as a sign of Light, Sun, Love, Life. In the West, there was even an interpretation that the Swastika symbol must be understood as an abbreviation of four words starting with the Latin letter “L”: Light - Light, Sun; Love - Love; Life - Life; Luck - Fate, Luck, Happiness (see postcard below).

English-language greeting card from the early 20th century

The oldest archaeological artifacts depicting swastika symbols now date back to approximately 4-15 millennium BC. (below is a vessel from the Scythian Kingdom 3-4 thousand BC). According to the materials of archaeological excavations, the richest territory for the use of the swastika, both for religious and cultural purposes, is Russia and Siberia.

Neither Europe, nor India, nor Asia can compare with Russia or Siberia in the abundance of swastika symbols covering Russian weapons, banners, national costumes, household utensils, household and agricultural items, as well as houses and temples. Excavations of ancient burial mounds, cities and settlements speak for themselves - many ancient Slavic cities had a clear shape of the Swastika, oriented to the four cardinal points. This can be seen in the example of Vendogard and others (below is the reconstruction plan of Arkaim).

Plan-reconstruction of Arkaim L.L. Gurevich

The swastika and swastika-solar symbols were the main and, one might even say, almost the only elements of the most ancient Proto-Slavic ornaments. But this does not mean at all that the Slavs and Aryans were bad artists.

Firstly, there were a great many varieties of the image of the Swastika symbols. Secondly, in ancient times, not a single pattern was applied to any object just like that, because each element of the pattern corresponded to a certain cult or security (amulet) value, because. each symbol in the pattern had its own mystical power.

By combining various mystical forces together, white people created a favorable atmosphere around themselves and their loved ones, in which it was easiest to live and create. These were carved patterns, stucco, painting, beautiful carpets woven by industrious hands (see photo below).

Traditional Celtic carpet with swastika pattern

But not only Aryans and Slavs believed in the mystical power of swastika patterns. The same symbols were found on clay vessels from Samarra (the territory of modern Iraq), which date back to the 5th millennium BC.

Swastika symbols in levorotatory and dextrorotatory form are found in the pre-Aryan culture of Mohenjo-Daro (Indus River basin) and ancient China around 2000 BC.

In Northeast Africa, archaeologists have found a burial stele of the Meroz kingdom, which existed in the 2nd-3rd centuries AD. The fresco on the stele depicts a woman entering the afterlife, and the Swastika flaunts on the clothes of the deceased.

The rotating cross also adorns the golden weights for scales that belonged to the inhabitants of Ashanta (Ghana), and the clay utensils of the ancient Indians, beautiful carpets woven by the Persians and Celts.

Man-made belts created by the Komi, Russians, Sami, Latvians, Lithuanians and other peoples are also filled with swastika symbols, and at present it is difficult even for an ethnographer to figure out which of the peoples to attribute these ornaments to. Judge for yourself.

The swastika symbolism from ancient times has been the main and dominant among almost all the peoples on the territory of Eurasia: Slavs, Germans, Mari, Pomors, Skalvians, Curonians, Scythians, Sarmatians, Mordovians, Udmurts, Bashkirs, Chuvashs, Indians, Icelanders, Scots and many others.

In many ancient Beliefs and religions, the Swastika is the most important and brightest cult symbol. So, in ancient Indian philosophy and Buddhism (below the Foot of the Buddha). The swastika is a symbol of the eternal cycle of the universe, a symbol of the Buddha Law, to which everything that exists is subject. (Dictionary "Buddhism", M., "Republic", 1992); in Tibetan Lamaism - a security symbol, a symbol of happiness and a talisman.

In India and Tibet, the Swastika is depicted everywhere: on the walls and gates of temples (see photo below), on residential buildings, as well as on fabrics in which all sacred texts and tablets are wrapped. Very often, sacred texts from the Book of the Dead are framed with swastika ornaments, which are written on burial covers before kroding (cremation).

At the gate of the Vedic Temple. Northern India, 2000

Warships in the roadstead (in the inland sea). 18th century

You can observe the image of many Swastikas both on an old Japanese engraving of the 18th century (picture above), and on peerless mosaic floors in the halls of the St. Petersburg Hermitage and other places (picture below).

Pavilion Hall of the Hermitage. Mosaic floor. year 2001

But you will not find any messages about this in the media, because they have no idea what the Swastika is, what ancient figurative meaning it carries, what it has meant for many millennia and now means for the Slavs and Aryans and many peoples inhabiting our Earth.

In these media, alien to the Slavs, the Swastika is called either a German cross or a fascist sign and relegates its image and meaning only to Adolf Hitler, Germany 1933-45, to fascism (National Socialism) and the Second World War.

Modern "journalists", "historians" and guardians of "universal values" seem to have forgotten that the Swastika is the most ancient Russian symbol, that in the past, representatives of the highest authorities, in order to enlist the support of the people, always made the Swastika a state symbol and placed its image on money.

Banknote of 250 rubles of the Provisional Government. 1917

Banknote of 1000 rubles of the Provisional Government. 1917

Banknote of 5000 rubles of the Soviet Government. 1918

Banknote of 10,000 rubles of the Soviet Government. 1918

So did the princes and tsars, the Provisional Government and the Bolsheviks, who later seized power from them.

Now, few people know that the matrices of a banknote in denominations of 250 rubles, with the image of the Swastika symbol - Kolovrat - against the background of a double-headed eagle, were made by special order and sketches of the last Russian Tsar Nicholas II.

The Provisional Government used these matrices to issue banknotes in denominations of 250, and later 1000 rubles.

Starting from 1918, the Bolsheviks put into circulation new banknotes in denominations of 5,000 and 10,000 rubles, which depict three Kolovrat Swastikas: two smaller Kolovrats in side ties are intertwined with large numbers 5000, 10,000, and a large Kolovrat is placed in the middle.

But, unlike the 1000 rubles of the Provisional Government, which had the State Duma depicted on the reverse side, the Bolsheviks placed a double-headed eagle on banknotes. Money with the Swastika-Kolovrat was printed by the Bolsheviks and was in use until 1923, and only after the appearance of the banknotes of the USSR, they were withdrawn from circulation.

The authorities of Soviet Russia, in order to get support in Siberia, created in 1918 sleeve patches for the Red Army soldiers of the South-Eastern Front, they depicted a Swastika with the abbreviation R.S.F.S.R. inside.

But also acted: Russian Government A.V. Kolchak, calling under the banner of the Siberian Volunteer Corps; Russian emigrants in Harbin and Paris, and then the National Socialists in Germany.

Created in 1921 according to the sketches of Adolf Hitler, the party symbols and the flag of the NSDAP (National Socialist German Workers' Party) subsequently became the state symbols of Germany (1933-1945).

Few people now know that in Germany, the National Socialists did not use the Swastika (Swastika), but a symbol similar to it in design - Hakenkreuz, which has a completely different figurative meaning - a change in the surrounding world and a person's worldview.

For many millennia, the different inscriptions of swastika symbols have had a powerful influence on the way of life of people, on their psyche (Soul) and subconsciousness, uniting representatives of various tribes for the sake of some bright goal; gave a powerful surge of light divine forces, revealing the internal reserves in people for all-round creation for the benefit of their Clans, in the name of justice, prosperity and well-being of their Fatherland.

At first, only clergy of various Tribal cults, Religions and religions used this, then representatives of the highest state power - princes, kings, etc., began to use swastika symbols, and after them all kinds of occultists and politicians turned to the Swastika.

After the Bolsheviks completely captured all levels of power, the need for the support of the Soviet regime by the Russian people disappeared, because it is easier to seize the values ​​​​created by the same Russian people. Therefore, in 1923, the Bolsheviks abandoned the Swastika, leaving only the five-pointed star, the Hammer and Sickle as state symbols.

In ancient times, when our Ancestors used, the word Swastikatranslated as Coming from Heaven. Since the Rune - SVA meant Heaven (hence Svarog - Heavenly God), - C - Rune of direction; Runes - TIKA - movement, advent, flow, run. Our children and grandchildren still pronounce the word tick, i.e. run. In addition, the figurative form - TIKA and is now found in everyday words Arctic, Antarctica, mysticism, homiletics, politics, etc.

Ancient Vedic sources tell us that even our galaxy has the shape of a Swastika, and our Yarila-Sun system is located in one of the arms of this Heavenly Swastika. And since we are in the galactic arm, our entire galaxy (its ancient name is Svasti) is perceived by us as Perunov's Way or the Milky Way.

Any person who loves to look at the night scattering of stars can see the Swastika constellation to the left of the constellation Makosh (B. Ursa) (see below). It shines in the sky, but it has been excluded from modern star charts and atlases.

As a cult and everyday solar symbol that brings happiness, luck, prosperity, joy and prosperity, the Swastika was originally used only among the white people of the Great Race, professing the Old Faith of the First Ancestors - Ynglism, druidic cults of Ireland, Scotland, Scandinavia.

The legacy of the Ancestors brought the news that for many millennia the Slavs used the Swastika symbols. They numbered 144 species: Swastika, Kolovrat, Salting, Holy Gift, Svasti, Svaor, Solstice, Agni, Fash, Mara; Inglia, Solar Cross, Solard, Vedara, Svetolet, Fern Flower, Perunov Color, Swati, Race, Bogovnik, Svarozhich, Svyatoch, Yarovrat, Odolen-Grass, Rodimich, Charovrat, etc.

It would be possible to enumerate more, but it is better to consider further briefly a few Solar Swastika symbols: their outline and figurative meaning.

Vedic symbols of the Slavic-Aryans and their meaning

Various variations of the Swastika symbols with no less different meanings are found not only in cult and protective symbols, but also in the form of Runes, which, like letters in ancient times, had their own figurative meaning. So, for example, in the ancient Kh’Aryan Karuna, i.e. Runic alphabet, there were four Runes depicting Swastika elements:

Rune Fash - had a figurative meaning: a powerful, directed, destructive Fiery stream (thermonuclear fire) ...

Rune Agni - had figurative meanings: the Sacred Fire of the hearth, as well as the Sacred Fire of Life, located in the human body, and other meanings ...

Rune Mara - had a figurative meaning: the Ice Flame guarding the Peace of the Universe. The rune of the transition from the World of Reveal to the World of Light Navi (Glory), incarnation in a new Life ... Symbol of Winter and Sleep.

Rune Inglia - had a figurative meaning of the Primary Fire of the Creation of the Universe, from this Fire a lot of different Universes and various forms of Life appeared ...

Swastika symbols carry a huge secret meaning. They have great wisdom. Each Swastika symbol opens before us the Great picture of the universe.

The legacy of the Ancestors says that the knowledge of Ancient Wisdom does not accept a stereotypical approach. The study of ancient symbols and ancient Traditions must be approached with an open heart and a pure Soul.

Not for self-interest, but for knowledge!

Swastika symbols in Russia, for political purposes, were used by all and sundry: monarchists, Bolsheviks, Mensheviks, but much earlier, representatives of the Black Hundred began to use their Swastika, then the Russian Fascist Party in Harbin intercepted the baton. At the end of the 20th century, the Russian National Unity organization began to use the Swastika symbolism (see below).

A knowledgeable person never says that the Swastika is a German or fascist symbol. So they say only the essence of unreasonable and ignorant people, because they reject what they are not able to understand and know, and also try to wishful thinking.

But if ignorant people reject any symbol or any information, this still does not mean that this symbol or information does not exist.

The denial or distortion of truth in favor of some violates the harmonious development of others. Even the ancient symbol of the Majesty of the Fertility of the Mother of the Raw Earth, called SOLARD in ancient times, is considered by some incompetent people to be fascist symbols. A symbol that appeared many thousands of years before the rise of National Socialism.

At the same time, it does not even take into account the fact that RNE's SOLARD is combined with the Star of the Lada-Virgin Mary, where the Divine Forces (Golden Field), the Forces of Primary Fire (red), the Heavenly Forces (blue) and the Forces of Nature (green) united together. The only difference between the original Symbol of Mother Nature and the sign used by the RNU is the multicolor of the Original Symbol of Mother Nature and the two color of the Russian National Unity.

Ordinary people had their own names for Swastika symbols. In the villages of the Ryazan province, she was called "feather grass" - the embodiment of the Wind; on Pechora - "hare", here the graphic symbol was perceived as a piece of sunlight, a ray, a sunbeam; in some places the Solar Cross was called a “horse”, “horse shank” (horse head), because a long time ago a horse was considered a symbol of the Sun and Wind; were called Swastikas-Solyarniki and "flinters", again, in honor of Yarila-Sun. The people very correctly felt both the Fiery, Fiery Nature of the symbol (Sun) and its Spiritual essence (Wind).

The oldest master of Khokhloma painting, Stepan Pavlovich Veseloe (1903-1993), from the village of Mogushino, Nizhny Novgorod region, following the traditions, painted the Swastika on wooden plates and bowls, calling it “saffron milkshake”, the Sun, and explained: “This is the wind of a blade of grass swaying, moving.”

In the photo you can see swastika symbols even on a carved cutting board.

In the village, to this day, girls and women are dressed in smart clothes and shirts for the holidays, and men - blouses embroidered with swastika symbols of various shapes. Lush loaves and sweet cookies are baked, decorated on top with Kolovrat, Salting, Solstice and other Swastika patterns.

As mentioned earlier, before the second half of the 20th century, the main and almost the only patterns and symbols that existed in Slavic embroidery were Swastika ornaments.

But in the second half of the 20th century, in America, Europe and the USSR, they began to decisively eradicate this Solar symbol, and they eradicated it in the same way as they had previously eradicated: the ancient folk Slavic and Aryan Culture; ancient Faith and folk traditions; the true Heritage of the Ancestors, undistorted by the rulers, and the long-suffering Slavic people themselves, the bearer of the ancient Slavic-Aryan Culture.

And even now, the same people or their descendants are trying to ban any kind of rotating Solar Crosses, but using different pretexts: if earlier this was done under the pretext of class struggle and anti-Soviet conspiracies, now it is a fight against the manifestation of extremist activity.

For those who are not indifferent to the ancient Native Great Russian Culture, several typical patterns of Slavic embroidery of the 18th-20th centuries are given. On all enlarged fragments you can see the Swastika symbols and ornaments for yourself.

The use of swastika symbols in ornaments in the Slavic lands is simply incalculable. They are used in the Baltic States, Belarus, the Volga region, Pomorye, Perm, Siberia, the Caucasus, the Urals, Altai and the Far East and other regions.

Academician B.A. Rybakov called the Solar symbol - Kolovrat - a link between the Paleolithic, where it first appeared, and modern ethnography, which provides innumerable examples of swastika patterns in fabrics, embroidery and weaving.

But after the Second World War, in which Russia, as well as all the Slavic and Aryan peoples suffered huge losses, the enemies of the Aryan and Slavic Culture began to equate fascism and the Swastika.

The Slavs used this Solar sign throughout their existence

Streams of lies and fictions regarding the Swastika overflowed the cup of absurdity. "Russian teachers" in modern schools, lyceums and gymnasiums in Russia teach children that the Swastika is a German fascist cross, made up of four letters "G", denoting the first letters of the leaders of Nazi Germany: Hitler, Himmler, Goering and Goebbels (sometimes it is replaced by Hess ).

Listening to teachers, one might think that Germany during the time of Adolf Hitler used exclusively the Russian alphabet, and not at all the Latin script and the German Runic.

Does the German surnames: HITLER, HIMMLER, GERING, GEBELS (HESS) have at least one Russian letter "G" - no! But the flow of lies does not stop.

Swastika patterns and elements have been used by the peoples of the Earth over the past 10-15 thousand years, which is confirmed even by archaeologists.

Ancient thinkers said more than once: "Two troubles hinder human development: ignorance and ignorance." Our Ancestors were knowledgeable and knowledgeable, and therefore used various Swastika elements and ornaments in everyday life, considering them as symbols of the Yarila-Sun, Life, Happiness and prosperity.

In general, only one symbol was called the Swastika. This is an equilateral cross with curved short rays. Each beam has a ratio of 2:1.

Only narrow-minded and ignorant people can denigrate everything pure, bright and expensive that remains among the Slavic and Aryan peoples.

Let's not be like them! Do not paint over the Swastika symbols in the ancient Slavic Temples and Christian temples, on the Images of the Wise Ancestors.

Do not destroy, at the whim of the ignoramuses and Slav-haters, the so-called "Soviet staircase", the mosaic floor and ceilings of the Hermitage or the domes of the Moscow St. Basil's Cathedral just because they have been painted for hundreds of years various versions of the Swastika.

Everyone knows that the Slavic prince Prophetic Oleg nailed his shield to the gates of Tsargrad (Constantinople), but few now know what was depicted on the shield. However, a description of the symbolism of his shield and armor can be found in historical chronicles (Figure of the Prophetic Oleg shield below).

Prophetic people, i.e., possessing the gift of Spiritual Foresight and knowing the Ancient Wisdom, which was left to people, were endowed by the Priests with various symbols. One of these most notable people was the Slavic prince - Prophetic Oleg.

In addition to being a prince and an excellent military strategist, he was also a high-level priest. The symbolism, which was depicted on his clothes, weapons, armor and the princely banner, tells about this in all the detailed images.

The Fiery Swastika (symbolizing the land of the Ancestors) in the center of the nine-pointed Star of Inglia (the symbol of the Faith of the First Ancestors) was surrounded by the Great Kolo (Circle of Patron Gods), which radiated eight rays of Spiritual Light (the eighth degree of Priestly initiation) to the Svarog Circle. All this symbolism spoke of the enormous Spiritual and physical strength that is directed to protect the Native Land and the Holy Old Faith.

They believed in the Swastika as a talisman that "attracts" good luck and happiness. In Ancient Rus', it was believed that if you draw Kolovrat on the palm of your hand, you will definitely be lucky. Even modern students draw the Swastika on the palm of their hand before exams. The swastika was also painted on the walls of the house so that happiness reigned there, this exists in Russia, and in Siberia, and in India.

For those readers who wish to receive more information about the Swastika, we recommend Roman Vladimirovich Bagdasarov's Ethno-Religious Studies "SWASTIKA: A Sacred Symbol".

One generation replaces another, state systems and regimes collapse, but as long as the People remember their Ancient Roots, honor the traditions of their Great Ancestors, preserve their Ancient culture and symbols, until that time the People are ALIVE and will LIVE!

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After World War I, Europe was in a state of economic and cultural crisis. Hundreds of thousands of young people went to war, naively dreaming of heroic deeds on the battlefield for the sake of honor and glory, and returned disabled in all respects. The spirit of optimism that marked the early years of the 20th century is nothing but memories.

It was during these years that a new political movement entered the political arena. The fascists in different countries of Europe were united by the fact that they were all ultranationalists. The fascist parties, organized according to a strictly hierarchical principle, were joined by people of different social classes, who were eager for active action. All of them claimed that their own country or ethnic group was in danger, and considered themselves the only political alternative that could counter this threat. Democracy, foreign capitalism, communism, for example, or, as was the case in Germany, Romania, and Bulgaria, other nations and races were declared dangerous. The purpose of creating such an imaginary threat was to organize a mass movement capable of uniting the country and forcibly crushing competing ideas and external forces that allegedly sought to destroy the nation. The state was to take complete control of every member of society, and the industry was to be organized in such a way as to achieve maximum labor productivity.

Within the general framework of such a strategy, of course, there were different versions of ideologies - depending on the historical, cultural and political background of each country. In countries with a strong Catholic Church, fascism was often combined with elements of Catholicism. In some European countries, the fascist movement degenerated into small marginal groups. In others, the fascists managed to come to power, and then the development was characterized by the cult of the fascist leader, the disregard for human rights, control of the press, the glorification of militarism and the suppression of the labor movement.

Italy and the "bundle of rods", or "bunch of brushwood"

The word "fascism" was originally used to refer to the ideology of the Partito Nazionale Fascista party in Italy. The former journalist Benito Mussolini became the leader of the Italian fascists. For many years, Mussolini was fond of the socialist movement, but during the First World War he became a nationalist.

After World War I, Italy's economy was in ruins, unemployment was at an all-time high, and democratic traditions were in decline. The war cost the lives of more than 600 thousand Italians, and although Italy was on the winning side, the country was in crisis. Many believed that Italy had lost as a result of the Treaty of Versailles.

On May 23, 1919, the first fascist group Fasci di Combattimenti was formed. Skillfully using the social ferment in the country, Mussolini turned his group into a mass organization. When it was transformed into a political party in the fall of 1921, it already had 300,000 members. Six months later, the movement united 700,000 members. In the 1921 elections, the Fascist Party received 6.5% of the vote and entered parliament.

However, the National Fascist Party (Partito Nazionale Fascista) was not an ordinary political party. The fascist movement attracted, above all, young men. Many of them were veterans of the war, knew how to obey discipline and handle weapons. Fighting groups appeared in the movement, where the right of the strong was extolled, and gradually violence became an important part of the entire party ideology. With their bloody attacks on the communists and other representatives of the labor movement, the fascists took the side of the employers during the strikes, and the conservative government used them to suppress the socialist opposition.

In 1922, the Nazis took power in Italy. Mussolini threatened that he would march on Rome with his militants. Following this threat, on 31 October he was invited to an audience with King Victor Emmanuel III, who offered Mussolini the post of prime minister in a conservative coalition government. It was a peaceful takeover of power, but in the mythology of fascism, the event was called the "march on Rome" and was described as a revolution.

Mussolini was in power for 22 years, until July 25, 1943, when the Allied troops entered Italy, and the king removed the dictator. Mussolini was arrested, but he was freed by German paratroopers, giving him the opportunity to flee to Northern Italy, where on September 23, the Duce proclaimed the infamous "Republic of Salo" - a German protectorate. The "Republic of Salo" lasted until April 25, 1945, when the Allied troops occupied this last bastion of Italian fascism. April 28, 1945 Benito Mussolini was captured by the partisans and was executed.

totalitarian state

Mussolini, like many of his associates, went to the front as a soldier during the First World War. Life in the trenches seemed to him an ideal society in miniature, where everyone, regardless of age or social origin, worked for the common goal: the defense of the country from an external enemy. Having come to power, Mussolini planned to change Italy to the ground, to create a country where the whole society would be involved in a gigantic production machine and where the fascists would have total control. The expression "totalitarian state" arose in the early years of the fascist regime in the ranks of its political opponents to describe just such a mode of government. Mussolini then began to use the term to describe his own ambitious plans. In October 1925, he formulated the slogan: "Everything in the state, nothing outside the state, nothing against the state."

All political power in society had to come personally from Mussolini, who was called "Duce", that is, "leader" or "leader". To motivate this concentration of power in the hands of one man, the Italian press began to praise Mussolini. He was described as the personification of the ideal of a man, such myths were created around him and such a cult of his personality that seems ridiculous in the eyes of a modern person. For example, he was described as a "superman" who is able to work 24 hours a day, has fantastic physical strength and once allegedly stopped the eruption of Mount Etna with his eyes.

Heirs of the Roman Empire

The Italian state was relatively young and socially and even linguistically heterogeneous. However, even before the Nazis came to power, the nationalists sought to unite citizens around a single historical heritage - the history of Ancient Rome. Ancient Roman history has been an important part of schooling since the end of the 19th century. Even before the outbreak of the First World War, historical colossus films were being created.

Naturally, in this atmosphere, Mussolini tried to present the fascists as the heirs of the Romans, fulfilling a predetermined historical task - the return of the former power and splendor of the collapsed empire. During the reign of the Duce, the main attention was paid to the period of the emergence of the Roman Empire, its military superiority, and the social structure of that time was portrayed as similar to that which Mussolini sought to build. It is from Roman history that many of the symbols used by the Nazis are borrowed.

"Bunch of brushwood" - "fascia"

The very word "fascism" has a common root with the party symbol of Mussolini and his henchmen. Fascio littorio, lictor fascia
- this was the name of a bunch of brushwood or a rod with a bronze hatchet in the center. Such "bundles", or "sheaves", were carried by Roman lictors - low-ranking employees, clearing them in the crowd, even for important people.

In ancient Rome, such a “bunch of brushwood” was a symbol of the right to hit, beat, and generally punish. Later it became a symbol of political power in general. In the 18th century, during the Age of Enlightenment, the fascia represented republican rule as opposed to monarchy. In the 19th century, it began to mean strength through unity, since the rods tied together are much stronger than the sum of each twig or whip. In the second half of the century, the words "fascina", "fascia", "bundle" began to mean small leftist groups in politics. And after the unions held several strikes in Sicily in the mid-1890s, the term took on a connotation of radicalism.

At the beginning of the 20th century, the word "fascists" was quite common. So called radical Italian political groups, both right and left. However, with the spread of the Fasci di Combattimenti throughout the country, Mussolini monopolized the term. Gradually, the word "fascia" became associated precisely with the ideology of the Italian fascists, and not in general with political authority, as before.

The “bunch of brushwood”, or “bundle of rods”, was not only a symbol of the Nazis' perception of themselves as the heirs of Rome. Symbolism also meant the spiritual and physical "rebirth" of the Italian people, the basis of which was authority and discipline. The branches connected in one bundle became the personification of a united Italy under the leadership of the Duce. In his manifesto The Doctrine of Fascism (Dottrina del fascismo, 1932), Mussolini wrote: “[Fascism] wants to transform not only the external forms of human life, but also its very content, man, characters, faith. This requires discipline and authority, which impresses souls and completely subdues them. Therefore, they are marked by the lictor fascia, a symbol of unity, strength and justice.

After Mussolini came to power, the fascia filled the daily life of Italians. They were found on coins, banners, official documents, manhole covers and postage stamps. They were used by private associations, organizations and clubs. Two huge "sheaves" stood on the sides of Mussolini when he made speeches to the people in Rome.

Since 1926, members of the Fascist Party were required to wear this sign - the party emblem - on civilian clothes. In December of the same year, a decree was issued on giving the symbol of state significance. Three months later, the "sheaf" was included in the image of the state emblem of Italy, taking a place to the left of the coat of arms of the Italian royal house. In April 1929, the fascia replaced the two lions on the shield of the royal dynasty. So the state and the fascist party merged into one. And the fascia became a visible symbol of the “new order.

Fascist "style"

Mussolini not only wanted to change society, but he also sought to transform the Italian people in accordance with the fascist ideal. The Duce began with members of the party who were the first to dress and behave in accordance with the fascist model, which then became associated with right-wing extremist movements around the world. For the Nazis, the word "style" was not only a matter of taste in choosing clothes. It was about closeness to the fascist ideal in everything: in habits, behavior, actions and attitude to life.

Fascism was the ideology of war, and its adherents dressed like soldiers. They marched, sang songs of struggle, took oaths of allegiance, took oaths and wore uniforms. The uniform included boots, trousers, a special headdress, and a black shirt.

Initially, black shirts were worn by members of militant fascist groups who fought in the streets with communists and other political opponents. They looked like the elite troops of the First World War and were called "Arditi". When Mussolini came to power in 1922, he disbanded the militants and organized a national militia in their place. But black shirts remained and over time acquired such a status that a person who put them on at the wrong time could be arrested and put on trial.

In 1925, Mussolini said at a party congress: “The black shirt is not clothing for every day and not a uniform. This is a military uniform that only people who are pure in heart and soul can wear.

The "ten commandments" of fascism, which were formulated in October 1931, said: "He who is not ready without the slightest hesitation to sacrifice his body and soul for Italy and the service of Mussolini, he is not worthy to wear a black shirt - a symbol of fascism" . After coming to power, black shirts began to be worn by civil servants of all departments. In 1931, all professors, and a few years later, teachers at all levels, were required to wear black shirts at solemn ceremonies. From 1932 to 1934, detailed rules were developed for wearing shirts (wearing starched collars was "absolutely forbidden") in combination with accessories - boots, a belt and a tie.

Roman greeting

The so-called Roman salute was also part of the fascist style of behavior. The greeting with the outstretched right hand, palm down, has been associated with Ancient Rome since the second half of the 18th century. It is not known if it was actually used, but there are images showing similar gestures.

The French artist Jacques-Louis David depicted the oath or oath of the Horatii on a 1784 canvas, where the twins, three brothers, hold out their hands, swearing to sacrifice their lives for the sake of the Roman Republic. After the French Revolution, David painted another picture, where the new, revolutionary government swears allegiance to the new constitution with the same gesture, throwing its right hands forward and up. Inspired by the canvas of David, artists depicted a similar greeting in paintings on ancient Roman themes for another century.

In the middle of the 19th century, the outstretched right hand increasingly took on the character of a military greeting, common both among different political groups and at the level of the whole country. In the United States, for example, since the 1990s, schoolchildren have been saluting with their right hand when the American flag is raised. This continued until 1942, when America entered the war against Italy and Germany and it became politically impossible to use the same gesture as the Nazis to greet.

The Italian fascists considered this gesture of greeting a symbol of the heritage of ancient Rome, and propaganda described it as a salute of masculinity, in contrast to the usual handshake, which began to be considered a weak, feminine and bourgeois greeting.

Style export

The Italian fascists were considered the founders of the style, which was adopted by all other groups of a similar ideological direction in Europe in the 20s and 30s. Among the Nazis, the habit of marching in dark-colored shirts spread.

Members of the British Union of Fascists, the Dutch Mussertpartiet and the Bulgarian National Fascist Party were blindly copying the Italians - all of them were "blackshirts". The Spanish Falangists in 1934 refused to introduce black shirts to distinguish themselves from the Italian Fascists and switched to blue uniforms. So did the Portuguese National Syndicalists, the Swedish supporters of Lindholm, the Irish in the Army Comrades Association and several French groups: Faisceau, Solidarité Française and Le Francisme. In Germany, members of the assault squads of the National Socialist Party (NSDAP) wore brown shirts. Green shirts were worn by members of the Hungarian "Arrow Cross Party" (Nyilaskeresztes part) - "nilashists", Croatian Ustashe and the Romanian "Iron Guard". Gray shirts were worn by members of the Swiss National Front and Icelandic National Socialists. There was a small group in the US that called themselves the Silver Shirts.

The Roman salute with the raised hand was used by various nationalist groups in Europe even before Mussolini came to power in Italy. With the victorious march of the Italian fascists, this gesture began to spread more and more. The fascia symbol was adopted by other fascist associations inspired by the successes of Mussolini, such as the British Union of Fascists, the Bulgarian National Fascist Association, the Swiss Fascismus and the Swedish Svenska fascistiska kampförbundet.

In the nature of fascism, however, lies the glorification of its own culture. Therefore, most groups in other countries began to use local national symbols or signs instead of the lictor fascia, which better reflected the local version of the fascist ideology.

Fascist groups and symbols in other countries

Belgium

Between the world wars, two parallel fascist movements arose in Belgium. The first of these, for the most part, attracted the Walloons, the French-speaking Belgians. The leader of the movement was the lawyer Leon Degrelle, editor-in-chief of the Catholic and conservative magazine Christus Rex. The organization he created became the basis of the Rexistpartiet formed in 1930. Rexism, as the ideology of this party came to be called, combined the theses of Catholicism with purely fascist elements, such as corporatism and the abolition of democracy. Gradually, the Rexists drew closer to German National Socialism, which led to the party losing the support of the church, and with it, many supporters. During World War II, the Rexists supported the German occupation of Belgium, and Degrelle volunteered for the SS.

In the emblem of the Rexist party, the letters "REX" were combined with a cross and a crown as symbols of Christ's kingdom on earth.

The second notable fascist movement in Belgium found supporters in the Flemish part of the population. Already in the 1920s, groups of Flemish nationalists became more active in the country, and in October 1933 a significant part of them united in the Vlaamsch Nationaal Verbond (VNV) party under the leadership of Staff de Klerk. This party adopted many of the ideas of the Italian fascists. De Klerk was called "den Leiter", "leader". In 1940, his party collaborated with the occupation regime. It was banned immediately after the war.

The colors of the emblem of the VNV party are taken from the coat of arms of the Dutch national hero William of Orange. The triangle is the Christian symbol of the Trinity. In the symbolism of Christianity, the triangle can also represent equality and unity. The circle in the emblem is also a Christian symbol of unity.

Finland

In Finland, fascism spread more widely than in the rest of the Nordic countries. Nationalist currents were strong throughout the period between the two world wars. The country gained independence from Russia in 1917. After the Civil War of 1918, when the Whites defeated the Reds, who were supported by Soviet Russia, the fear of a communist revolution was strong. In 1932, the Isänmaallinen kansanliike (IKL) party was formed as a continuation of the anti-communist nationalist Lapua movement of the 1920s.

The IKL was a purely fascist party, with the addition of its own highly nationalistic dream of an ethnically homogeneous Greater Finland, which would also include the territories of today's Russia and Estonia, as well as the requirements of a corporate society. All this was presented against the backdrop of the ideology of the "superman", in which the Finns were presented as biologically superior to neighboring peoples. The party existed until 1944. She managed to put forward her candidacy in three elections and received just over 8% of the vote in the 1936 elections, and three years later the number of votes cast for her dropped to 7%.

Members of the IKL party wore a uniform: black shirt and blue tie. The party banner was also blue with an emblem: inside the circle - a man with a club, sitting on a bear.

Greece

After the 1936 elections, Greece was in a difficult situation. Fearing a growing trade union movement, the king appointed defense minister Ioannis Metaxas as prime minister. Metaxas took advantage of a series of strikes to declare a state of emergency and immediately abolish the country's democratic institutions. On August 4, 1936, he proclaimed a regime called the “August 4th regime” and began to create an authoritarian dictatorship with elements of fascism, taking as a model the National Union that was in power in Portugal. Troops were repeatedly introduced into Greece, and in 1941 a government loyal to Hitler came to power in the country. The regime collapsed when Greece, despite Metaxa's pro-German sympathies, sided with the Allies in World War II.

Metaxa chose a stylized double-edged ax as a symbol of the "August 4th regime", since he considered it the oldest symbol of Hellenic civilization. Indeed, double axes-axes, real and in images, in Greek culture for thousands of years, they are often found among the archaeological finds of the period of the Minoan civilization in Crete.

Ireland

In 1932, the fascist organization Army Comrades Association (ACA) was formed in Ireland, originally created to guard meetings of the nationalist party Cumann nan Gaedhael. Soon, under the leadership of former General and Chief of Police Owen O'Duffy, the ACA became independent and changed its name to the "National Guard".

Inspired by the Italian fascists, from April 1933, members of the organization began to wear "party" sky-blue shirts, for which they were nicknamed "Blue Shirts". They also adopted the Roman salute and threatened to march on Dublin in imitation of Mussolini's march on Rome. In the same year, 1933, the party was banned and O'Duffy weakened the fascist rhetoric. Later he was among the founders of the nationalist party Fine Gael.

The banner of the ACA organization, which later became the flag of the National Guard, was a variant of the banner of the Irish Order of St. Patrick, introduced in 1783: a red St. Andrew's cross on a white background. The sky blue color goes back to the legend of how a white cross appeared in the sky in honor of St. Andrew (this motif also exists on the flag of Scotland).

Norway

Vidkun Quisling founded the nationalist National Accord (Nasjonal Samling) party in 1933. Soon the party took an orientation towards fascism and Nazism. Before the outbreak of World War II, the National Accord was the fastest growing party in Norway, and after the country was occupied by Germany, Quisling became Minister-President of the country. By 1943, the party had about 44,000 members. On May 8, 1945, the party was dissolved, and the name Quisling became synonymous throughout the world with a traitor to the motherland.

The National Accord Party used the Scandinavian traditional flag as a symbol, that is, a yellow cross on a red background. Local branches of the party designated themselves "Olaf's cross" - a variant of the "solstice". This sign has been a symbol of Norway since the Christianization of the country by St. Olaf in the 11th century.

Portugal

After World War I, Portugal lay in ruins. After the military putsch of 1926, already in 1930, the National Union party was formally created. In 1932, former finance minister Antonio Salazar took over the leadership of the party and soon became prime minister. Salazar, who ruled Portugal until his death in 1970, introduced a complete dictatorship and an ultra-reactionary political system, some elements of which can be regarded as fascist. The party remained in power until 1974, when the regime was overthrown and democracy was introduced in the country.

The National Union used in its symbolism the so-called Mantua cross. This cross, like the Fascist Iron Cross, is a black and white cross patté, but with narrower crossbars. It was used, among others, by the Nazis in France.

Purely fascist was another grouping in Portugal in the 1930s. It was formed in 1932 and was called the National Syndicalist Movement (MNS). The leader of the movement was Roland Preto, who as early as the early 1920s admired Mussolini and saw similarities between his fascism and his National Syndicalism. Inspired by the Italians, members of the movement wore blue shirts, for which they were nicknamed "blueshirts".

The MNS was more radical than the National Union in power and criticized the Salazar regime for being too timid in transforming Portuguese society. In 1934, the MNS was disbanded by order of Salazar, but continued its activities underground until its leadership was expelled from the country after an unsuccessful coup attempt in 1935. Preto settled in Spain, where he took part in the civil war on Franco's side.

The MNS movement was heavily influenced by Catholicism. Therefore, the cross of the Portuguese Order of the Crusader Knights of the 14th century was chosen as its symbol.

Romania

After the First World War, Romania, like other European countries, was overtaken by depression. And just as in Germany and Italy, economic problems and fear of a communist revolution led here to the emergence of extreme nationalist movements. In 1927, the charismatic leader Corneliu Codreanu created the Legion of Archangel Michael, or the Iron Guard. The Iron Guard combined in its ideology religious mysticism with bestial anti-Semitism. Members of the "guard" were recruited most often among students. Codreanu's goal was the "Christian and racial cleansing" of the nation. Soon, from a tiny sect, the Legion of Michael the Archangel turned into a party that received 15.5% of the vote in the parliamentary elections of 1937, thus becoming the third largest party in the country.

The "Iron Guard" was perceived as a threat by the regime of King Carol II. When the king introduced a dictatorship in 1938, Codreanu was arrested and then killed, allegedly while trying to escape. As a result, Codreanu gained the fame of a "martyr of fascism", and he is still revered by modern Nazis around the world.

During the Second World War, members of the Iron Guard, who were called "legionnaires", collaborated with the German occupation forces and became famous for their cruelty.

Legionnaires greeted each other with the Roman or salute and wore green shirts, so they were called "Greenshirts" (green was supposed to symbolize renewal).

The symbol of the organization was a stylized version of an intertwined Christian cross divided into three parts, reminiscent of prison bars. This sign was intended to symbolize martyrdom. The symbol was sometimes called the "Cross of Michael the Archangel" - the guardian angel of the "Iron Guard".

Switzerland

In the 1920s, small fascist groups began to form in Switzerland, following the example of neighboring Italy. In 1933, two such groups merged into a party called the National Front. This party was heavily influenced by the German Nazis; following their example, she founded a youth and women's organization, and in the mid-30s, her own armed militia, which was called Harst or Auszug.

In the 1933 local elections, the Swiss National Front gained voter support on a wave of nationalism inspired by the rise of the Nazis in Germany. The maximum number - more than 9 thousand members - the party reached in 1935, having received 1.6% of the vote and one seat in the Swiss parliament. The party was led by Ernst Biedermann, Rolf Henie and Robert Tobler. In 1940, the Front was banned by the government, but continued to operate until 1943.

The National Front has created its own version of the Italian fascist style - with gray shirts. Members of the organization also adopted the Roman greeting. The symbol of the Front was a variant of the Swiss flag, in which the white cross reached the borders of the red background.

Spain

The Spanish Falange was created in 1933. At first, like the Italian fascists and German Nazis, the Falangists tried to gain power through elections, but they failed to win over a sufficient number of voters who voted for conservative parties supported by the Catholic Church.

The next chance came after the victory in the 1936 elections of the socialist party Popular Front. The Spanish military, led by General Francisco Franco, refused to recognize the results of the elections and began an armed uprising that culminated in the civil war of 1936-1939. Initially Franco, however, he allowed the Falange, whose membership increased significantly after the elections, to become the most important part of the political apparatus, and adopted the political program of the party. With the help of Italy and Germany, Franco and the Falangists won the civil war. However, despite the support, during the Second World War, the Falangists did not take the side of Hitler, and thanks to this they managed to maintain power in the future.

After the war, Spain, like neighboring Portugal, became an authoritarian dictatorship. The Franco regime lasted until 1975. The Phalanx was formally dissolved in 1977.

The Phalanx symbol is borrowed from the coat of arms of the reign of King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella, the unifiers of Spain in the 15th century. In 1931, the yoke and arrows were taken with the symbols of the Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional Sindicalista party, which later merged with the Falange. From ancient times, the yoke symbolized work for a common goal, and arrows symbolized power. The red and black background are the colors of the Spanish syndicalists.

Great Britain

The British Union of Fascists (BUF) was founded in 1932 by former Conservative MP and Labor minister Sir Oswald Mosley. Mosley built his organization in the image and likeness of the Italian fascists and introduced a black uniform, for which the members of the Union were called "black shirts". The number of BUF reached 50 thousand people. In the mid-1930s, due to the fact that its members were involved in numerous violent incidents, the popularity of the party fell. In 1940, the organization was banned, and Mosley spent most of World War II in prison.

Oswald Mosley believed that the British colonial empire was the modern heir to the Roman Empire, and therefore initially used a variant of the Roman fascia as a party symbol. In 1936, the party adopted a new symbol: a lightning bolt inside a circle.

The colors were borrowed from the British flag. The circle is an ancient Christian symbol of unity. Lightning is a symbol of action, activity. In the post-war period, the same symbolism was used by the American fascist group, the National Renaissance Party. It is still found among right-wing extremists - for example, the British terrorist organization Combat 18 used a lightning bolt and a circle in the logo of The Order newspaper in the early 90s of the XX century.

Sweden

In Sweden, the Swedish Fascist Struggle Organization (Sveriges Fascistiska Kamporganisation, SFKO) was established in 1999. The "bunch of rods" symbol was used both as a sign of the party and as the name of its main organ Spöknippet.

After party leaders Konrad Hallgren and Sven Olaf Lindholm visited Germany, the party moved closer to National Socialism and in the autumn of 1929 changed its name to the Swedish National Socialist People's Party.

In 1930, it merged with other Nazi parties: the National Socialist Peasants' and Workers' Association of Birger Furugard and the Novoshvedskaya Party. The new organization was first called the New Swedish National Socialist Party and soon became the Swedish National Socialist Party (SNSP). In the 1932 elections to the second chamber of the Riksdag, the party ran for candidates in nine constituencies and won 15,188 votes.

Over time, the ideological differences between Furugård and Lindholm escalated to such an extent that on January 13, 1933, Lindholm and his supporters were expelled from the party. The next day, Lindholm formed the National Socialist Workers' Party (NSAP). The parties began to be called "Lindholm" and "Furugord".

In October 1938, the NSAP changed its name again to the Swedish Socialist Association (SSS). Lindholm attributed the lack of success in recruiting new members to the fact that the party got too close to German National Socialism and used the German swastika as a symbol. His party called its ideology "folk socialism" (folksocialism), and instead of the swastika, they took the "sheaf of the Vasa dynasty" (vasakärven) as the party symbol.

This heraldic symbol of the unifier of Sweden, King Gustav Vasa, has an important national significance in Sweden. The word vase in Old Swedish means a sheaf of ears. In the Middle Ages, various variants of such "sheaves" or "bundles" were used in the construction of significant buildings and the laying of roads. The "sheaf", depicted on the coat of arms of the Vasa dynasty, served, in particular, to fill ditches during the storming of fortresses. When Gustav Vasa ascended the Swedish throne in 1523, this symbol appeared on the coat of arms of the Swedish state. The king's slogan "Varer svensk" (approximately "be a Swede") was often quoted in Nazi and Fascist circles.

Germany

The National Socialist Workers' Party (NSDAP) of Germany was formed in 1919. In the 1920s, under the leadership of Adolf Hitler, the party turned into a mass movement, and by the time it came to power, its ranks numbered almost 900,000 members.

German National Socialism in many ways resembled Italian fascism, but there were differences on several points. Both ideologies are marked by a pronounced personality cult of the leader. Both of them sought to unite society into a single national movement. Both National Socialism and Fascism are clearly anti-democratic, and both are marked by anti-communism. But if the Nazis considered the state the most important part of society, the Nazis instead spoke of the purity of the race. In the eyes of the Nazis, the total power of the state was not an end, but a means to achieve another goal: the good for the Aryan race and the German people. Where the Nazis interpreted history as a constant process of struggle between different forms of the state, the Nazis saw the eternal struggle between races.

This was also reflected in the Nazi symbol, the swastika, an ancient sign that in the 19th century was combined with the myth of the Aryan race as the crown of creation. The Nazis adopted many of the outward signs of fascism. They created their own version of the fascist "style" and introduced the Roman salute. See chapters 2 and 3 for more on this.

Hungary

As in other European countries, fascist groups of various deviances arose in Hungary between the world wars. Some of these groups united in 1935 to form the National Will Party. Two years later, this party was banned, but in 1939 it reappeared under the name Arrow Cross. Hungarian Movement. In May of that year, it became the second largest party in the country and won 31 seats in parliament. With the outbreak of World War II, it was banned again, but in October 1944 the German occupation authorities put in power the so-called government of national unity, headed by Arrow Cross chairman Ferenc Salashi. This regime lasted only a few months, until February 1945, but in a short time sent about 80 thousand Jews to concentration camps.

Supporters of the "Salashists" (named after the leader of the party) took their name from the Christian cross with pointed ends, a symbol used by the Hungarians in the 10th century. In the ideology of the Salashists, the Hungarians were the dominant nation, and the Jews were considered the main enemies. Therefore, the sign of the crossed arrows is in second place after the swastika, among the most anti-Semitic symbols of fascism. The crossed arrows, as well as the custom of marching in green shirts, were borrowed by them from the early fascist group of 1933, the HNSALWP, which later became part of the National Will Party.

During the reign of the Szálasi government, a flag arose in Hungary, in the center of which a white circle is located on a red background, and in it are black crossed arrows. Thus, the color scheme and structure of the German flag with a swastika were completely repeated. The SS troops, formed from Hungarian volunteers, also used this symbol for the Hungarian Divisions No. 2 and No. 3. Today, this symbol is prohibited in Hungary.

In addition, the “Salashists” used the red-white-striped flag from the coat of arms of the dynasty of the Hungarian princes Arpad, who ruled the country from the end of the 9th century until 1301.

Austria

In 1933, Austrian Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss abolished parliamentary rule and introduced a one-party system led by the Fatherland Front party. The party combined Italian fascism and elements of Catholicism in its program, in other words, professed clerical fascism. The Fatherland Front was in opposition to German National Socialism, and in 1934, during an attempted putsch, Dollfuss was killed. Clerical fascism dominated the country until 1938, when Austria was annexed by Nazi Germany.

The flag of the Fatherland Front Party is a so-called crutch cross on a red and white background. The cross has the same ancient roots as the crosses of the crusader knights, and in the Christian tradition is called cross potent. Its use in the 1930s in Austria was an attempt to compete with the Nazi swastika.

Slavic swastika, its significance for us should be the subject of special attention. It is possible to confuse the fascist swastika and Slavic only with complete ignorance of history and culture. A thoughtful and attentive person knows that the swastika is not originally a "brand" of Germany from the time of fascism. Today, not all people remember the true history of this sign. And all this thanks to the world tragedy of the Great Patriotic War, which thundered across the Earth under the standard of a subordinate swastika (enclosed in an inextricable circle). We need to figure out what this swastika symbol was in Slavic culture, why it is still revered, and how today we can put it into practice. Remember that the Nazi swastika is banned in Russia.

Archaeological excavations on the territory of modern Russia and in neighboring countries confirm that the swastika is a much more ancient symbol than the emergence of fascism. So, there are finds with images of a solar symbol dating back to 10,000-15,000 years before the advent of our era. Slavic culture is replete with numerous facts, confirmed by archaeologists, that our people used the swastika everywhere.

vessel found in the Caucasus

The Slavs still retained the memory of this sign, because embroidery patterns are still transmitted, as well as ready-made towels, or homespun belts and other products. In the photo - the belts of the Slavs of different regions and dating.

Looking up old photographs, drawings, you can make sure that the Russians also massively used the swastika symbol. For example, the image of swastikas in a laurel wreath on money, weapons, banners, sleeve chevrons of Red Army soldiers (1917-1923). The honor of the uniform and the solar symbol in the center of the symbolism were one.

But even today you can find both a straight and stylized swastika in the architecture preserved in Russia. For example, let's take only one city of St. Petersburg. Take a closer look at the mosaics on the floor of St. Isaac's Cathedral in St. Petersburg, or the Hermitage, to forged vignettes, moldings on buildings along many streets and embankments of this city.

Paul in St. Isaac's Cathedral.

Paul in the Small Hermitage, Room 241, History of Ancient Painting.

Fragment of the ceiling in the Small Hermitage, Room 214, "Italian Art of the Late 15th-16th Centuries".

House in St. Petersburg on Angliyskaya embankment, 24 (the building was built in 1866).

Slavic swastika - meaning and meaning

The Slavic swastika is an equilateral cross, the ends of which are equally bent in one direction (sometimes along the movement of the clock hands, sometimes against). On the bend, the ends on the four sides of the figure form a right angle (straight swastika), and sometimes - sharp or blunt (oblique swastika). They depicted a symbol with pointed and rounded bends of the ends.

Such symbols can mistakenly include a double, triple ("triskelion" with three rays, the symbol of Zervan - the god of space and time, fate and time among the Iranians), an eight-ray ("kolovrat" or "rotary") figure. These variations are incorrectly called swastikas. Our ancestors, the Slavs, perceived each symbol, albeit similar to something else, as a force that has its own separate purpose and function in Nature.

Our native ancestors gave the meaning to the swastika like this - the movement of forces and bodies in a spiral. If this is the sun, then the sign showed vortex flows in the heavenly body. If this is the Galaxy, the Universe, then the movement of celestial bodies in a spiral within the system around a certain center was understood. The center is, as a rule, "self-radiant" light (white light without a source).

Slavic swastika in other traditions and peoples

Our ancestors of the Slavic families in ancient times, along with other peoples, revered swastika symbols not only as amulets, but also as signs of sacred significance. They helped people get in touch with the gods. So, in Georgia they still believe that the roundness of the corners in the swastika means nothing more than the infinity of movement in the entire Universe.

The Indian swastika is now inscribed not only on the temples of various Aryan gods, but is also used as a protective symbolism in household use. They draw this sign in front of the entrance to the dwelling, draw it on dishes, and use it in embroidery. Modern Indian fabrics are still produced with designs of rounded swastika symbols, similar to a blossoming flower.

Near India, in Tibet, Buddhists are no less respectful of the swastika, drawing it on Buddha statues. In this tradition, the swastika means that the cycle in the universe is endless. In many respects, even the whole law of the Buddha is complicated on the basis of this, as recorded in the dictionary "Buddhism", Moscow, ed. "Respublika", 1992 Back in the days of Tsarist Russia, the emperor met with Buddhist lamas, finding much in common in the wisdom and philosophy of the two cultures. Today, lamas use the swastika as a protective sign that protects against evil spirits and demons.

The Slavic and fascist swastikas differ in that the former is not included in a square, circle, or any other outline, while on the Nazi flags we observe that the figure is most often located in the center of a white circle-disk located on a red field. The Slavs never had the desire or purpose to place the sign of any God, Lord or power in a closed space.

We are talking about the so-called "subjugation" of the swastika so that it "works" for those who use it at will. It is believed that after A. Hitler drew attention to this symbol, a special witchcraft rite was performed. The motive of the ceremony was as follows - to begin to rule the whole world with the help of heavenly forces, subjugating all peoples. As far as this is true, the sources are silent, but on the other hand, many generations of people were able to see what can be done with the symbol and how to denigrate it and use it to their advantage.

Swastika in Slavic culture - where it is used

The swastika among the Slavic peoples is found in different signs, which have their own names. In total, there are 144 species of such names today. The following variations are popular among them: Kolovrat, Charovrat, Salting, Inglia, Agni, Svaor, Ognevik, Suasti, Yarovrat, Svarga, Rasich, Svyatoch and others.

In the Christian tradition, swastikas are still used, depicting various saints on Orthodox icons. An attentive person will see such signs on mosaics, paintings, icons, or attire of a priest.

Small swastikas and double swastikas depicted on the robe of Christ Pantocrator the Almighty - a Christian fresco in the St. Sophia Cathedral of the Novgorod Kremlin.

Today, swastika symbols are used by those Slavs who continue to honor the horses of their ancestors and remember their Native Gods. So, on the celebration of the day of Perun the Thunderer, round dances are held around the swastika signs laid out on the ground (or inscribed) - “Fash” or “Agni”. There is also a well-known dance "Kolovrat". The magical meaning of the sign was passed down from generation to generation. Therefore, understanding Slavs today can freely wear amulets with swastika signs, use them as talismans.

The swastika in Slavic culture was perceived differently in different places in Russia. For example, on the Pechora River, the inhabitants called this sign "hare", perceiving it as a sunbeam, a ray of sunlight. But in Ryazan - "feather grass", seeing in the sign the embodiment of the elements of the wind. But the people also felt the fiery power in the sign. So, there are the names "solar wind", "flinters", "saffron milk cap" (Nizhny Novgorod region).

The concept of "swastika" was transformed into a semantic meaning - "what came from Heaven." Here are concluded: "Sva" - Heaven, Svarga Heavenly, Svarog, rune "s" - direction, "tika" - running, movement, the arrival of something. Understanding the origin of the word "Suasti" ("Swasti") helps to determine the strength of the sign. "Su" - good or beautiful, "asti" - to be, to abide. In general, we can summarize the meaning of the swastika - "Be good!".

The swastika symbol is a cross with curved ends pointing clockwise or counterclockwise. As a rule, now all Swastika symbols are called in one word - SWASTIKA, which is fundamentally wrong, because. each Swastika symbol in ancient times had its own name, Guardian Power and figurative meaning.

During archaeological excavations, Swastika symbols were most often found on various details of architecture, weapons, clothing, and household utensils of many peoples of Eurasia. Swastika symbolism is ubiquitous in ornamentation as sign of Light, Sun, Life. The oldest archaeological artifacts depicting the swastika date back to approximately 10-15 millennium BC. According to the materials of archaeological excavations, the richest territory for the use of the swastika, both a religious and a cultural symbol, is Russia - neither Europe nor India can compare with Russia in the abundance of swastika symbols covering Russian weapons, banners, national costume, houses, everyday items and temples. Excavations of ancient mounds and settlements speak for themselves - many ancient Slavic settlements had a clear shape of the Swastika, oriented to the four cardinal points. Swastika symbols denoted calendar signs back in the days of the Great Scythian Kingdom ( depicts a vessel from the Scythian Kingdom 3-4 thousand BC.)

The swastika and swastika symbols were the main and, one might even say, almost the only elements of the most ancient Proto-Slavic ornaments. But this does not mean at all that the Slavs and Aryans were bad artists. Firstly, there were a lot of varieties of images of the Swastika symbols. Secondly, in ancient times, not a single pattern was applied just like that, each element of the pattern corresponded to a certain cult or security (amulet) value.

But not only Aryans and Slavs believed in the magical power of this pattern. This symbol was found on clay vessels from Samarra (the territory of modern Iraq), which date back to the 5th millennium BC. Swastika symbols in levorotatory and dextrorotatory form are found in the pre-Aryan culture of Mohenjo-Daro (Indus River basin) and ancient China around 2000 BC. In Northeast Africa, archaeologists have found a burial stele of the Meroz kingdom, which existed in the 2nd-3rd centuries AD. The fresco on the stele depicts a woman entering the afterlife, and the Swastika flaunts on the clothes of the deceased. The rotating cross also adorns the golden weights for scales that belonged to the inhabitants of Ashanta (Ghana), and the clay utensils of the ancient Indians, beautiful carpets woven by the Persians and Celts.

Swastika in beliefs and religions

The swastika symbolism was Oberegovo among almost all peoples in Europe and Asia: among the Slavs, Germans, Pomors, Skalvians, Curonians, Scythians, Sarmatians, Mordovians, Udmurts, Bashkirs, Chuvashs, Indians, Icelanders, Scots and many other peoples.

In many ancient Beliefs and religions, the Swastika is the most important and brightest cult symbol. Thus, in ancient Indian philosophy and Buddhism(Fig. Buddha's foot on the left) The swastika is a symbol of the eternal cycle of the universe, a symbol of the Buddha's Law, to which everything that exists is subject. (Dictionary "Buddhism", M., "Republic", 1992); V Tibetan Lamaism The swastika is a security symbol, a symbol of happiness and a talisman. In India and Tibet, the Swastika is depicted everywhere: on the gates of temples, on every residential building, on the fabrics in which all sacred texts are wrapped, on burial covers.

Lama Beru-Kinze-Rimpoche, in our time one of the greatest teachers of official Buddhism. The photo shows the rite of his creation of a ritual mandala, that is, pure space, in Moscow in 1993. In the foreground of the photograph is a tanka, a sacred image drawn on cloth, depicting the Divine Space of the mandala. In the corners there are Swastika symbols protecting the sacred Divine space.

As a religious symbol (!!!) the swastika has always been used by followers Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism in the East, Druids of Ireland, Scotland, Scandinavia, representatives Natur-religious denominations Europe and America in the West.

On the left is Ganesha, the son of God Shiva, God from the Hindu Vedic pantheon, his face is illuminated by two Swastika symbols.
On the right is a Mystic Sacred Diagram taken from a Jain Prayer Book. In the center of the diagram, we can also see the Swastika.

In Russia, Swastika symbols and elements are found among supporters of the Ancient Ancestral and Vedic cults, as well as among the Orthodox Old Believers-Ynglings, who profess the Faith of the First Ancestors - Ynglism, in the Slavic and Aryan communities of the Family Circle and, wherever you think, Christians…

Swastika on the shield of Prophetic Oleg

For many, many millennia, the Slavs have used the Swastika symbol. Our Ancestors depicted this symbol on weapons, banners, clothes, household items and worship. Everyone knows that Prophetic Oleg nailed his shield to the gates of Constantinople (Constantinople), but few of the modern generation know what was depicted on the shield. However, a description of the symbolism of his shield and armor can be found in historical chronicles. Prophetic people, i.e., possessing the Gift of Spiritual Foresight and knowing the Ancient Wisdom, which the Gods and Ancestors left to people, were endowed by the Priests with various symbols. One of these most notable people in history was the Slavic prince - Prophetic Oleg. In addition to being a prince and an excellent military strategist, he was also a Priest of High Initiation. The symbolism, which was depicted on his clothes, weapons, armor and the princely banner, tells about this in all the detailed images.
Fire Swastika(symbolizing the land of the Ancestors) in the center of the nine-pointed Star of Inglia (a symbol of the Faith of the First Ancestors) was surrounded by the Great Kolo (Circle of Patron Gods), which radiated eight rays of Spiritual Light (the eighth degree of Priestly initiation) to the Svarog Circle. All this symbolism spoke of the enormous Spiritual and physical strength that is directed to protect the Native Land and the Holy Faith. When the Prophetic Oleg nailed his shield with such symbols on the gates of Constantinople, he wanted to figuratively, clearly show the insidious and two-faced Byzantines that later another Slavic prince Alexander Yaroslavovich (Nevsky) would explain to the Teutonic knights in words: “ Whoever comes to us with a sword will die by the sword! On that stood, stands, and will stand the Russian Land!»

Swastika on money and in the Army

Under Tsar Peter I, the walls of his country residence were decorated with swastika patterns. The ceiling of the throne room in the Hermitage is also covered with these sacred symbols.

At the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries, among the upper classes of European states in Western and Eastern Europe, as well as in Russia, Swastika(left) has become the most common and even fashionable symbol. This was influenced by the "Secret Doctrine" of H.P. Blavatsky and her Theosophical Society; The occult-mystical teachings of Guido von List, the German knightly Order of Thule and other spiritualistic circles.

The common people, both in Europe and in Asia, have been using Swastika ornaments in everyday life for thousands of years, and only at the beginning of this century, interest in Swastika symbols appeared among those in power.

In young Soviet Russia sleeve patches fighters of the Red Army of the South-Eastern Front since 1918 were decorated with a swastika, with the abbreviation R.S.F.S.R. inside. For example: the sign for the command and administrative staff was embroidered with gold and silver, and for the Red Army it was screen-printed.

After the overthrow of the autocracy in Russia, the Swastika ornament appears on the new banknotes of the Provisional Government, and after the coup on October 26, 1917 on the banknotes of the Bolsheviks.

Now few people know that the matrices of a banknote in denominations of 250 rubles, with the image of the Swastik symbol - Kolovrat against the background of a double-headed eagle, were made by special order and sketches of the last Russian Tsar - Nicholas II.

Starting from 1918, the Bolsheviks introduced new banknotes into circulation, in denominations of 1000, 5000 and 10,000 rubles, which depict not one Kolovrat, but three. Two smaller Kolovrats in side ties are intertwined with large numbers 1000 and a large Kolovrat in the middle.

Money with the Swastika-Kolovrat was printed by the Bolsheviks and was in use until 1923, and only after the formation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics were they withdrawn from circulation.

In national: Russian, Ukrainian and Belarusian costumes, on sundresses, towels and other things, the Swastika symbolism was the main and, practically, the only one of the oldest existing amulets and ornaments, until the first half of the 20th century.

Our ancestors were very fond of gathering on the outskirts of the village sometime on a summer evening and listening to lingering tunes dance ... the swastika. There was also an analogue of the symbol in Russian dance culture - the Kolovrat dance. On the holiday of Perun, the Slavs drove, and still drive, round dances around two burning swastikas: "Fash" and "Agni" laid out on the ground.

Swastika in Christianity

"Kolovrat" richly decorated churches in the Russian lands; it shone brightly on the sacred objects of the Ancient Solar Cult of the First Ancestors; as well as on the white robes of the clergy of the Old Faith. And even on the robes of the ministers of the Christian cult in the IX-XVI centuries. Swastika symbols were depicted. They decorated the Images and Kummirs of the Gods, frescoes, walls, icons, etc.

For example, on a fresco depicting Christ Pantocrator - the Almighty, in the St. Sophia Cathedral of the Novgorod Kremlin, the so-called left and right Swastikas with short curved rays, but correctly "Charovrat" and "Salting", placed directly on the chest of the Christian God, as symbols of the beginning and end of all things.

On the hierarchical rank in the St. Sophia Cathedral in the city of Kyiv, in the oldest Christian church built on Russian land by Yaroslav the Wise, belts are depicted in which alternate: "Swastika", "Suasti" and straight Crosses. Christian theologians in the Middle Ages commented on this painting in this way: “Swastika” symbolizes the first coming into the world of the son of God Jesus Christ, to save people from their sins; further on, the direct Cross is his earthly path, ending in suffering at Golgotha; and finally, the left Swastika - "Suasti", symbolizes the resurrection of Jesus Christ and his second coming to Earth in Power and Glory.

In Moscow, in the Kolomna Church of the Beheading of John the Baptist, on the day of the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II from the throne, was discovered in the basement of the temple icon "Our Lady of the Sovereign"(fragment on the left) on the headdress of the Christian Mother of God is depicted the Swastika Amulet symbol - “Fash”.

Many legends and rumors were invented about this ancient icon, for example: allegedly on the personal order of I.V. Stalin, a prayer service was performed on the front line, a religious procession, and thanks to this, the troops of the Third Reich did not take Moscow. Complete absurdity. German troops did not enter Moscow, for a completely different reason. They blocked the road to Moscow by the people's militia and divisions of Siberians, filled with Spiritual Strength and Faith in Victory, and not by severe frosts, the leading force of the party and government, or some kind of icon. The Siberians not only repulsed all the attacks of the enemy, but also went on the offensive and won the war, because the ancient principle lives in the heart: "Whoever comes to us with a sword, will die by the sword."

In medieval Christianity, the Swastika also symbolized Fire and Wind.- elements that embody the Holy Spirit. If the Swastika, even in Christianity, was really considered a divine sign, then only unreasonable people can say that the Swastika is a symbol of fascism!
* For reference: Fascism in Europe existed only in Italy and Spain. And the fascists of these states did not have Swastika symbols. The swastika was used as party and state symbols by Hitler's Germany, which was not fascist, as it is now interpreted, but national socialist. For those who doubt, read the article by I.V. Stalin "Hands off Socialist Germany". This article was published in the newspapers Pravda and Izvestiya in the 1930s.

Swastika as a talisman

They believed in Swatika as a talisman, "attracting" good luck and happiness. In ancient Rus', it was believed that if you draw Kolovrat on the palm of your hand, you will definitely be lucky. Even modern students draw the Swastika on the palm of their hand before exams. The swastika was also painted on the walls of the house, so that happiness reigned there, and in Russia, and in Siberia, and in India.

In the Ipatiev House, where the family of the last Russian Emperor Nicholas II was shot, Empress Alexandra Feodorovna painted all the walls with this divine symbol, but the Swastika did not help the Romanovs against the atheists, this dynasty created too much evil on Russian soil.

Today, philosophers, dowsers and psychics offer build city blocks in the form of Swastika- such configurations should generate positive energy, by the way, these conclusions have already been confirmed by modern science.

Origin of the word "Swastika"

The generally accepted name of the Solar symbol - Swastika, according to one version, comes from the Sanskrit word Suasti. Su- beautiful, good, and asti- to be, that is, “Be good!”, Or, in our opinion, “All the best!”. According to another version, this word has Old Slavic origin, which is more likely (which is confirmed by the archives of the Old Russian Ynglistic Church of the Orthodox Old Believers-Ynglings), since it is known that the Swastika symbolism in various variations, and its name, was brought to India, Tibet, China, Europe by the ancient Aryans and Slavs. Tibetans and Indians still claim that the Swastika, this universal symbol of prosperity and happiness, was brought to them because of the high northern mountains (Himalayas) by the White Teachers.

In ancient times, when our Ancestors used the Kh'Aryan Runes, the word Swastika ( see left) was translated as Coming from Heaven. Since the rune SVA meant Heaven (hence Svarog - Heavenly God), WITH- Rune of direction; Rune TIKA[last two runes] - movement, advent, flow, run. Our children still pronounce the word tick, i.e. run away, and we meet him in the words Arctic, Antarctic, mystic, etc.

Ancient Vedic sources tell us that even our galaxy has the shape of a Swastika, and our Yarila-Sun system is located in one of the arms of this Heavenly Swastika. And since we are in the galactic arm, our entire galaxy, its ancient name of the Swastika, is perceived by us as the Perunov Way or the Milky Way.

The ancient names of the Swastika symbols in Russia are mainly preserved in the everyday life of the Orthodox Old Believers-Ynglings and Righteous Old Believers-schismatics. In the East, among the followers of the Vedic Religion, where Ancient Wisdom is recorded in the Holy Scriptures in ancient languages: and Kh'Aryan. The Kh'Aryan script uses Runes in the shape of a Swastika(see text on the left).

Sanskrit, more correct Samhidden(Samskrita), i.e. The independent secretive used by modern Indians originated from the ancient language of the Aryans and Slavs, it was created as a simplified version of the Kh'Aryan Karuna, for the preservation of the Ancient Vedas by the inhabitants of Dravidia (ancient India), and therefore ambiguous interpretations of the origin of the word "Swastika" are now possible, but after reading the materials given in this article, a smart person, whose consciousness has not yet been completely filled with false stereotypes, will be convinced of the undoubted ancient Slavic and ancient Aryan, which is actually the same, the origin of this word.

If in almost all foreign languages ​​​​the various inscriptions of the Solar Cross with curved rays are called the same word Swastika - “Swastika”, then in the Russian language for various variants of the Swastika symbols existed and still exists 144 (!!!) titles, which also indicates the country of origin of this Solar symbol. For example: Swastika, Kolovrat, Salting, Holy Gift, Svasti, Svaor, Svaor-Solntsevrat, Agni, Fash, Mara; Inglia, Solar Cross, Solard, Vedara, Svetolet, Fern Flower, Perunov Color, Swati, Race, Bogovnik, Svarozhich, Yarovrat, Odolen-Grass, Rodimich, Charovrat etc. Among the Slavs, depending on the color, length, direction of the curved ends of the Solar Cross, this symbol was called differently and had different figurative and protective meanings (see).

Swastika Runes

Various variations of the Swastika symbols, with no less different meanings, are found not only in cult and protective symbols, but also in the form of Runes, which, like letters in ancient times, had their own figurative meaning. So, for example, in the ancient Kh`Aryan Karuna, i.e. Runic alphabet, there were four Runes depicting Swastika elements.

Rune Fash- had a figurative meaning: a powerful, directed, destructive Fiery stream (thermonuclear fire) ...
Rune Agni- had figurative meanings: the Sacred Fire of the hearth, as well as the Sacred Fire of Life in the human body, and other meanings ...
Rune Mara- had a figurative meaning: the Ice Flame guarding the Peace of the Universe. The rune of the transition from the World of Reveal to the World of Light Navi (Glory), incarnation in the New Life ... The symbol of Winter and Sleep.
Rune Inglia- had a figurative meaning of the Primary Fire of the Creation of the Universe, from this Fire a lot of various Universes and various forms of Life appeared ...

Swastika symbols carry a huge secret meaning. They have great wisdom. Each Swastika symbol opens before us the Great picture of the universe. Ancient Slavic-Aryan Wisdom says that our galaxy is shaped like a swastika and is called SWATI, and the Yarila-Sun system, in which our Midgard-Earth makes its way, is located in one of the arms of this Heavenly Swastika.

Knowledge of the Ancient Wisdom does not accept a stereotypical approach. The study of ancient symbols, Runic writings and ancient Traditions must be approached with an open heart and a pure Soul. Not for self-interest, but for knowledge!

Is the swastika a fascist symbol?

Swastika symbols in Russia, for political purposes, were used not only by the Bolsheviks and Mensheviks, much earlier than them, representatives of the Black Hundred began to use the Swastika. Now, the Swastika symbolism is used by the Russian National Unity. A knowledgeable person never says that the Swastika is a German or fascist symbol.. So they say only the essence of unreasonable and ignorant people, because they reject what they are not able to understand and know, and also try to wishful thinking. But if ignorant people reject any symbol or any information, this still does not mean that this symbol or information does not exist. Denial or distortion of truth for the sake of some, violates the harmonious development of others. Even the ancient symbol of the Majesty of the Fertility of the Mother of the Raw Earth, called in ancient times - SOLARD (see above), and now used by the Russian National Unity, some incompetent people rank as German fascist symbols, a symbol that appeared many hundreds of thousands of years before the rise of German National Socialism. At the same time, it does not even take into account the fact that the SOLARD of the Russian National Unity is combined with an eight-pointed Star of Lada-Virgin Mary (image 2), where the Divine Forces (Golden Field), the Primary Fire Forces (red), the Heavenly Forces (blue) and the Forces of Nature (green) united together. The only difference between the original Symbol of Mother Nature and the sign used by the public movement "Russian National Unity" is the multicolor of the Initial Symbol of Mother Nature and the two-color one for representatives of Russian National Unity.

Swastika - feather grass, hare, horse ...

Ordinary people had their own names for Swastika symbols. In the villages of the Ryazan province, she was called " feather grass"- the embodiment of the Wind; on the Pechora hare"- here the graphic symbol was perceived as a piece of sunlight, a ray, a sunbeam; in some places the Solar Cross was called " by horse”, “horse shank” (horse head), because a long time ago a horse was considered a symbol of the Sun and Wind; were called Swastikas-Solarniks and " flintlocks", Again, in honor of Yarila-Sun. The people very correctly felt both the Fiery, Fiery Nature of the symbol (Sun) and its Spiritual essence (Wind).

The oldest master of Khokhloma painting Stepan Pavlovich Veselov (1903-1993) from the village of Mogushino, Nizhny Novgorod region, observing traditions, painted the Swastika on wooden plates and bowls, calling it " camelina”, the Sun, and explained: “This is the wind of a blade of grass shakes, stirs.” On the above fragments, you can see Swastika symbols even on such household appliances used by Russian people as a spinning wheel and a cutting board.

To this day, in the countryside, women wear elegant sundresses and shirts for holidays, and men wear blouses embroidered with swastika symbols of various shapes. Lush loaves and sweet cookies are baked, decorated on top with Kolovrat, Salting, Solstice and other swastika patterns.

Prohibition of the use of the Swastika

As mentioned earlier, before the second half of the 20th century, the main and almost the only patterns and symbols that existed in Slavic embroidery were Swastika ornaments. But the enemies of the Aryans and Slavs in the second half of the 20th century, they began to decisively eradicate this Solar symbol, and eradicated it in the same way as they had previously eradicated: the ancient folk Slavic and Aryan; Ancient Faith and Folk Traditions; The true history, undistorted by the rulers, and the long-suffering Slavic People itself, the bearer of the ancient Slavic-Aryan Culture.

And now, in the government and locally, many officials are trying to ban any kind of rotating Solar Crosses - in many ways the same people, or their descendants, but using different pretexts: if earlier this was done under the pretext of class struggle and anti-Soviet conspiracies, then now they are opponents of everything Slavic and Aryan, called fascist symbols and Russian chauvinism.

For those who are not indifferent to the ancient Culture, there are several (a very small number of pictures, due to the limitation of the volume of the article) typical patterns in Slavic embroidery, on all enlarged fragments you can see the Swastika symbols and ornaments for yourself.

The use of swastika symbols in ornaments in the Slavic lands is simply incalculable. Academician B.A. Rybakov called the Solar symbol - Kolovrat, a link between the Paleolithic, where it first appeared, and modern ethnography, which provides innumerable examples of swastika patterns in fabrics, embroidery and weaving.

But after the Second World War, in which Russia, as well as all the Slavic and Aryan peoples suffered huge losses, the enemies of the Aryan and Slavic Culture began to equate fascism and the Swastika. At the same time, they completely forgot (?!) that fascism, as a political and state system in Europe, existed only in Italy and Spain, where the Swastika symbol was not used. The swastika, as a party and state symbol, was adopted only in National Socialist Germany, which at that time was called the Third Reich.

The Slavs used this Solar sign throughout their existence (according to the latest scientific data, this is at least 15 thousand years), and the President of the Third Reich, Adolf Hitler, was only about 25 years old. The flow of lies and fictions regarding the Swastika overflowed the cup of absurdity. "Teachers" in modern schools, lyceums and gymnasiums in Russia teach children complete nonsense that the Swastika and any Swastika symbol are German fascist crosses, made up of four letters "G", denoting the first letters of the leaders of Nazi Germany: Hitler, Himmler, Goering and Goebbels (sometimes he is replaced by Hess). Listening to such "teachers", one might think that Germany during the time of Adolf Hitler used exclusively the Russian alphabet, and not at all the Latin script and the German Runic. Is there at least one Russian letter “G” in German surnames: HITLER, HIMMLER, GERING, GEBELS (HESS) - no! But the flow of lies does not stop.

Swastika patterns and elements are used by peoples, which is confirmed by archaeologists over the past 5-6 thousand years. And now, to a person wearing ancient Slavic amulets or mittens with the image of Swastika symbols, a sundress or a blouse with Swastika embroidery, people who have been trained by Soviet "teachers" are ignorantly wary, and sometimes even aggressively. Ancient thinkers did not say in vain: Human development is hindered by two troubles: ignorance and ignorance". Our Ancestors were knowledgeable and knowledgeable, and therefore used various Swastika elements and ornaments in everyday life, considering them as symbols of the Yarila-Sun, Life, Happiness and prosperity.

Only narrow-minded and ignorant people can denigrate everything pure, bright and good that remains among the Slavic and Aryan peoples. Let's not be like them! Do not paint over the Swastika symbols in the ancient Slavic temples and Christian temples, on the Kummirs of the Light Gods and the Images of the Wise Ancestors, as well as on the oldest Christian icons of the Mother of God and Christ. Do not destroy, at the whim of the ignorant and Slavic-haters, the so-called "Soviet staircase", and the ceilings of the Hermitage, or the domes of the Moscow St. Basil's Cathedral, just because various versions of the Swastika have been painted on them for hundreds of years.

One generation replaces another, state systems and regimes collapse, but as long as the People remember their ancient roots, honor the traditions of their Great Ancestors, preserve their Ancient culture and symbols, until that time the People are ALIVE and will LIVE!

Encyclopedia of delusions. Third Reich Likhacheva Larisa Borisovna

Swastika. Who Invented the Fascist Cross?

They don't even need crosses on their graves -

Crosses will descend on the wings ...

Vladimir Vysotsky "Two songs about one air battle"

Many believe that the main symbol of the Third Reich - a black swastika on a red background - was invented by Hitler himself or people from his inner circle. But in fact, such an opinion is nothing but a delusion. The Nazi shrine, as well as other attributes of Nazi Germany, existed long before the demoniac Fuhrer came to power and initially did not carry such a sinister meaning.

The main emblem of the Third Reich has a long history. It was widespread in Iran already in the VI millennium. BC e. Later, the swastika was found in the Far East, in Central and Southeast Asia, in Tibet and Japan. It was also widely used by pre-Hellenic Greece. In Kievan Rus, this sign, called "Kolovrat", was also very popular. The swastika did not bypass the indigenous inhabitants of the American continents. And the peoples of the Caucasus and the Baltic coast-dwellers used it as an element of ornaments even at the beginning of the 20th century.

Naturally, all this time, no one associated the cross with curved ends with massacres, destructive war and crimes against humanity. By the way, there is no historical evidence that this sign was used by the ancient Germanic tribes. The fascists who came to power were looking for a suitable emblem for the Nazi state and without hesitation chose the swastika, christening it an ancient German, or even an Aryan symbol.

The meaning of this symbol is not exactly established. There is a version that it was one of the varieties of a cross with broken ends, symbolizing, according to historians, the inner world of a person - the space located between perpendicularly intersecting lines. However, the most common view of the swastika is that it is seen as a solar, that is, a solar sign. Ethnographers consider it just a harmless symbol of the movement of the heavenly body and the change of seasons.

Adolf Hitler, for some reason, saw in her something fundamentally different. In his opinion, the cross with curved ends personified the superiority of the Aryans over other peoples. What guided the German Fuhrer in making such an assessment is a mystery.

Moreover, it is reliably known that the idea to use the swastika as an emblem did not occur to Hitler. The main symbol of the Third Reich was "gave" ... the German Masonic Lodge! More precisely, its successor is the secret organization "Thule". Initially, this society was engaged in the study and popularization of ancient history and folklore. However, its members kept their noses to the wind and gladly responded to Hitler's ideas. The Thule ideology became based on the concept of German racial superiority, anti-Semitism and the Pan-German dream of a powerful new German Reich. All this was thickly “seasoned” with occultism: members of the society performed special ceremonies and magical rituals. Among the symbols used in these rituals was the swastika.

Hitler, who was always interested in the occult, liked this sign, and for a start he decided to make it the emblem of his party. The NSDAP leader slightly modified the swastika, and in the summer of 1920 a symbol was born that, two decades later, terrified the whole of Europe: a black cross with curved ends inscribed in a white circle on a red background. The red color symbolized the party's social ideals, while the white symbolized the nationalist ones. The cross pointed to the victory and supremacy of the Aryan race.

After Hitler came to power, the swastika became an indispensable attribute of the state, official, military and corporate symbols of Germany. The Germans valued this "sign of superiority" so much that in 1935 a special Decree "On the prohibition of Jews from hanging a flag with a swastika" was even issued. Apparently, the Nazis believed that with their touches, "racially unclean" elements would desecrate their shrine.

During the years of the Third Reich, the swastika was used everywhere: on banknotes, dishes, souvenirs. During any festivities, the streets of German cities were hung with flags and banners with this sign, and they were hung so tightly that passers-by began to ripple in their eyes. However, sometimes the Nazi shrine was used for other purposes: a lady's dress was considered fashionable, the fabric of which was decorated with an ornament of thousands of small crosses.

Perhaps the swastika would have remained a symbol of the sun, fire and fertility. If not for the Second World War, with the beginning of which, thanks to Hitler, it definitely ceased to be “sunny”.

More organic and appropriate from the point of view of racial theory was the use by the Nazis of the runes that formed the basis of the writing of the ancient Germanic and Scandinavian peoples. As you know, from ancient times, runic signs were not only letters, but also had a magical meaning - they were used for divination and as protective amulets. Historians believe that by introducing runes into use, Hitler and his entourage tried not only to develop patriotism among the inhabitants of Germany, but also hoped to use runic signs as a magical tool. True, the Fuhrer interpreted them selectively: he left only those meanings that corresponded to his worldview. So, the Zig rune, the double image of which became the “logo” of the SS, in the canonical interpretation meant the desire for light and enrichment of the spiritual world, as well as the flowering of creative abilities. Naturally, the valiant SS men did not need such qualities, therefore, in the interpretation of Hitler, the “lightning” rune meant thunder, lightning and, again, the superiority of the Aryan race.

The "rented" symbols also include an eagle and oak branches. The authorship of these signs dates back to the Roman Empire. Decorating the coat of arms of the German Reich, Hitler swung, no less, on the most common attributes of the power of the Roman Caesars.

Such an ominous insignia as a skull ("dead head"), the Nazis borrowed from the near-Masonic order - the Rosicrucians. Moreover, at first this gloomy image symbolized, according to its "discoverers", the victory of the spirit over mortal matter. Remember the medieval philosophers who meditated with a skull in their hands on the topic: "Poor Yorick ..."? But in the hands, or rather, on the fingers of SS officers who placed the “dead head” on silver rings, this sign acquired a completely different meaning. He became the embodiment of cruelty, destruction and death.

So make no mistake: the Nazis did not themselves come up with the symbolism of the "thousand-year" Reich. All the signs and attributes they use have existed for a long time and were used for much more humane purposes.