Essay experience and mistakes. Thematic area experience and mistakes

1. I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov"

The protagonist of the novel Ilya Oblomov, starting his career, commits a misstep in the service and sends an important dispatch instead of Astrakhan to Arkhangelsk. Then he suddenly falls ill, in the medical certificate issued by the doctor, it is testified: "Thickening of the heart with the expansion of the left ventricle thereof", caused by daily "going to office". This mistake led to the subsequent eternal lying on the couch, from which even all the attempts of Stolz do not save. So a mistake in the service became fatal for Oblomov.

2. M.A. Sholokhov "Quiet Flows the Don"

Grigory Melekhov, being a young, strong Cossack, chooses the most beautiful young Cossack girl Aksinya for lovemaking. It's a common thing for a Cossack village. But the problem lies in the amazing origin of the entire Melekhov family, in its genesis. And Aksinya, who had never known love, for the first time understood the charm of this feeling. In the village, the Cossacks were embarrassed to look into Aksinya's shameless eyes. But his father's order to marry Natalya becomes fatal for Gregory. All his life he will rush between two women, in the end he will destroy both.

3. E.I. Zamyatin "We"

The protagonist of the novel, D-503, is a cog in the mechanism of the United State. He lives in a world where there is no love (it is replaced by "pink coupons"). The meeting with I-330 strikes the hero's imagination. He falls in love. By law, he must report to the guardians about the crime into which his girlfriend is dragging him. But he hesitates and loses time. The mistake becomes fatal for I-330.

4. V.F. Tendryakov "Bread for the dog"

Volodya Tenkov finds himself at the most terrible time in the years of the great turning point in the very center of the battle. On the one hand, these are well-fed representatives of the nomenklatura of the party leadership, where there are pies, borscht and delicious kvass. On the other hand, people thrown to the sidelines of life. Former "fists" today are "shockets" and "elephants", causing pity for the boy. Trying to help them becomes a mistake. Rescues a child sick with mercy, an old sick dog.

5. V. Bykov "Sotnikov"

The protagonist of the story - Sotnikov - experienced a shock in his life. He, disobeying his father's prohibition, took his nominal pistol, which suddenly fired. It was hard for the boy to confess this to his father, but he did it not of his own free will, but at the request of his mother. When the boy told his father about his crime, he forgave him, but asked if he himself decided to do it? The child was not ready to answer this question and cowardly said: “Yes.” The poison of lies forever burned Sotnikov's soul, reminding him of a childhood mistake. This offense became decisive in the life of Sotnikov.

Literature lesson in grade 11

Preparation for the final essay in the direction "Experience and mistakes".

Lesson Objectives:

Tutorial:

consolidate the ability to work on an essay-permission,

learn to construct their own knowledge,

express thoughts orally and in writing,

organize your knowledge

argue your point of view.

Educational:

educate a thoughtful and attentive reader,

to educate students' creative abilities, to promote the development of logical thinking, oral monologue, dialogic speech;

educate moral and ethical qualities through the analysis of works

Developing:

develop students' cognitive skills

develop critical and creative thinking,

to develop the ability of students to see, formulate and solve a problem.

Task: learn to write an essay on one of the proposed topics.

During the classes:

I. Introduction to the topic

1. Lexical work

Guys, we continue to prepare for the final essay, which you have to write on December 7th. And in today's lesson we will look at the direction "Experience and mistakes"

Tell me, please, how do you understand the word "experience", "mistakes"?  Let's look into the dictionary of S.I. Ozhegov and read the dictionary entry:

Mistakes - Irregularity in actions, thoughts.

2. FIPI comment:

Within the framework of the direction, it is possible to reason about the value of the spiritual and practical experience of an individual, people, humanity as a whole, about the price of mistakes on the way of knowing the world, gaining life experience.
Literature often makes one think about the relationship between experience and mistakes: about experience that prevents mistakes, about mistakes without which it is impossible to move along the path of life, and about irreparable, tragic mistakes.

“Experience and mistakes” is a direction in which a clear opposition of two polar concepts is implied to a lesser extent, because without mistakes there is no and cannot be experience. The literary hero, making mistakes, analyzing them and thereby gaining experience, changes, improves, embarks on the path of spiritual and moral development.Giving an assessment of the actions of the characters, the reader acquires his invaluable life experience, and literature becomes a real textbook of life, helping not to make one's own mistakes, the price of which can be very high. . Speaking about the mistakes made by the heroes, it should be noted that an incorrectly made decision, an ambiguous act can affect not only the life of an individual, but also most fatally affect the fate of others. In literature, we also encounter such tragic mistakes that affect the fate of entire nations. It is in these aspects that one can approach the analysis of this thematic direction.

3. Expressions on the topic of mistakes and experience

Aphorisms and sayings of famous people:

You should not be shy for fear of making mistakes, the biggest mistake is to deprive yourself of experience. Luc de Clapier Vauvenargues

You can make mistakes in various ways, you can only do the right thing in one way, therefore the first is easy, and the second is difficult; easy to miss, hard to hit. Aristotle

In all matters, we can only learn by trial and error, falling into error and correcting ourselves. Karl Raimund Popper

The one who thinks that he will not be mistaken if others think for him is deeply mistaken. Avreliy Markov

We easily forget our mistakes when they are known only to us alone. François de La Rochefoucauld Make the most of every mistake. Ludwig Wittgenstein

Modesty can be appropriate everywhere, but not in the matter of admitting one's mistakes. Gotthold Ephraim Lessing

It is easier to find the error than the truth. Johann Wolfgang Goethe

In all matters, we can only learn by trial and error, falling into error and correcting ourselves. Karl Raimund Popper S. Sukhorukov)

5. Variants of topics for the direction "Experience and mistakes":

1. Man has three paths to reason: the path of reflection is the noblest; the path of imitation is the easiest; the path of personal experience is the hardest path. (Confucius)

2. Wisdom is the daughter of experience. (Leonardo da Vinci, Italian painter, scientist)

3. Experience is a useful gift that is never used. (J. Renard)

4. Do you agree with the popular proverb “Experience is the word people call their mistakes”?

5. Experience increases our wisdom, but does not decrease our stupidity. (B.. Shaw) 6. Do we really need our own experience?

7. Why should you analyze your mistakes?

8. Do you agree with the folk wisdom “We learn from the mistakes of others”?

9. Is it possible to avoid mistakes by relying on someone else's experience?

10. Is it boring to live without making mistakes?

11. How can the experience of fathers be valuable for children?

12. What experience does war give a person?

13. What events and impressions of life help a person grow up, gain experience?

14. Is it possible to avoid mistakes in the search for a life path?

15. Is it important, going forward in life, to look back at the path traveled?

16. What does the reading experience add to life experience?

Argumentation:

F.M. Dostoevsky "Crime and Punishment". Raskolnikov, killing Alena Ivanovna and confessing to his deed, does not fully realize the whole tragedy of the crime he committed, does not recognize the fallacy of his theory, he only regrets that he could not transgress, that he cannot now consider himself among the elect. And only in penal servitude the soul-worn hero does not just repent (he repented, confessing to the murder), but embarks on the difficult path of repentance. The writer emphasizes that a person who admits his mistakes is able to change, he is worthy of forgiveness and needs help and compassion. (In the novel, next to the hero, Sonya Marmeladova, who is an example of a compassionate person).

M.A. Sholokhov "The Fate of Man", K.G. Paustovsky "Telegram". The heroes of such different works make a similar fatal mistake, which I will regret all my life, but, unfortunately, nothing can be corrected. Andrei Sokolov, leaving for the front, repels his wife hugging him, the hero is annoyed by her tears, he gets angry, believing that she is "burying him alive", but it turns out the opposite: he returns, and the family dies. This loss is a terrible grief for him, and now he blames himself for every little thing and says with inexpressible pain: “Until my death, until my last hour, I will die, and I won’t forgive myself for pushing her away then!” The story of K.G. Paustovsky is a story about lonely old age. Abandoned by her own daughter, grandmother Katerina writes: “My beloved, I will not survive this winter. Come for a day. Let me look at you, hold your hands. But Nastya calms herself with the words: "Since the mother writes, it means she is alive." Thinking about strangers, organizing an exhibition of a young sculptor, her daughter forgets about her only loved one. And only when she heard warm words of gratitude “for caring for a person,” the heroine recalls that she had a telegram in her purse: “Katya is dying. Tikhon. Repentance comes too late: “Mom! How could this happen? Because I don't have anyone in my life. No, and it will not be dearer. If only to be in time, if only she would see me, if only she would forgive me. The daughter arrives, but there is no one to ask for forgiveness. The bitter experience of the main characters teaches the reader to be attentive to loved ones "before it's too late."

M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time" The hero of the novel M.Yu. also makes a series of mistakes in his life. Lermontov. Grigory Alexandrovich Pechorin belongs to the young people of his era who were disappointed in life. Pechorin himself says about himself: "Two people live in me: one lives in the full sense of the word, the other thinks and judges him." Lermontov's character is an energetic, intelligent person, but he cannot find application for his mind, his knowledge. Pechorin is a cruel and indifferent egoist, because he causes misfortune to everyone with whom he communicates, and he does not care about the condition of other people. V.G. Belinsky called him a "suffering egoist", because Grigory Alexandrovich blames himself for his actions, he is aware of his actions, worries, and nothing brings him satisfaction. Grigory Alexandrovich is a very smart and reasonable person, he knows how to admit his mistakes, but at the same time he wants to teach others to confess their own, as, for example, he tried to push Grushnitsky to admit his guilt and wanted to resolve their dispute peacefully. But the other side of Pechorin immediately appears: after some attempts to defuse the situation in a duel and call Grushnitsky to conscience, he himself offers to shoot in a dangerous place so that one of them dies. At the same time, the hero tries to turn everything into a joke, despite the fact that there is a threat to both the life of young Grushnitsky and his own life. After the murder of Grushnitsky, we see how Pechorin's mood has changed: if on the way to the duel he notices how beautiful the day is, then after the tragic event he sees the day in black colors, there is a stone in his soul. The story of the disappointed and dying Pechorin soul is set forth in the hero's diary entries with all the ruthlessness of introspection; being both the author and the hero of the "magazine", Pechorin fearlessly speaks of his ideal impulses, and the dark sides of his soul, and the contradictions of consciousness. The hero is aware of his mistakes, but does nothing to correct them; his own experience teaches him nothing. Despite the fact that Pechorin has an absolute understanding that he destroys human lives (“destroys the lives of peaceful smugglers”, Bela dies through his fault, etc.), the hero continues to “play” with the fates of others, which makes himself unhappy .

L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace". If the hero of Lermontov, realizing his mistakes, could not take the path of spiritual and moral improvement, then the beloved heroes of Tolstoy, the experience gained helps to become better. When considering the topic in this aspect, one can refer to the analysis of the images of A. Bolkonsky and P. Bezukhov. Prince Andrei Bolkonsky stands out sharply from the high society environment with his education, breadth of interests, dreams of accomplishing a feat, wishes for great personal glory. His idol is Napoleon. To achieve his goal, Bolkonsky appears in the most dangerous places of the battle. The harsh military events contributed to the fact that the prince is disappointed in his dreams, he understands how bitterly he was mistaken. Seriously wounded, remaining on the battlefield, Bolkonsky is experiencing a mental breakdown. In these moments, a new world opens before him, where there are no egoistic thoughts, lies, but only the purest, highest, and fairest. The prince realized that there is something more significant in life than war and glory. Now the former idol seems to him petty and insignificant. Having survived further events - the appearance of a child and the death of his wife - Bolkonsky comes to the conclusion that he only has to live for himself and his loved ones. This is only the first stage in the evolution of the hero, not only admitting his mistakes, but also striving to become better. Pierre also makes a considerable series of mistakes. He leads a wild life in the company of Dolokhov and Kuragin, but he understands that such a life is not for him. He cannot immediately correctly assess people and therefore often makes mistakes in them. He is sincere, trusting, weak-willed. These character traits are clearly manifested in the relationship with the depraved Helen Kuragina - Pierre makes another mistake. Soon after the marriage, the hero realizes that he has been deceived, and "processes his grief alone in himself." After a break with his wife, being in a state of deep crisis, he joins the Masonic lodge. Pierre believes that it is here that he "will find a rebirth to a new life," and again he realizes that he is again mistaken in something important. The experience gained and the “thunderstorm of 1812” lead the hero to drastic changes in his worldview. He understands that one must live for the sake of people, one must strive to benefit the Motherland.

“In order to live honestly, one must be torn, confused, fought, made mistakes, and calmness is spiritual meanness.” (L.N. Tolstoy)

“A good player who loses at chess is sincerely convinced that his loss was due to his mistake, and he looks for this mistake at the beginning of his game, but forgets that in his every step, throughout the whole game, there were the same mistakes, whatever one of his moves was not perfect. The error to which he draws attention is noticeable to him only because the enemy took advantage of it. (L.N. Tolstoy)

M.A. Bulgakov "Heart of a Dog". If we talk about experience as “a procedure for reproducing some phenomenon experimentally, creating something new under certain conditions for the purpose of research”, then the practical experience of Professor Preobrazhensky to “clarify the issue of survival of the pituitary gland, and later on its influence on rejuvenation organism in humans” can hardly be called successful in full measure. From a scientific point of view, he is very successful. Professor Preobrazhensky performs a unique operation. The scientific result turned out to be unexpected and impressive, but in everyday life it led to the most deplorable consequences. The type that appeared in the professor's house as a result of the operation, "small in stature and unsympathetic in appearance", behaves defiantly, presumptuously and arrogantly. However, it should be noted that the humanoid creature that has appeared easily finds itself in a changed world, but does not differ in human qualities and soon becomes a thunderstorm not only for the inhabitants of the apartment, but also for the residents of the whole house. After analyzing his mistake, the professor realizes that the dog was much more “human” than P.P. Sharikov. Thus, we are convinced that Sharikov's humanoid hybrid is more of a failure than a victory for Professor Preobrazhensky. He himself understands this: “Old donkey ... Here, doctor, what happens when the researcher, instead of walking in parallel and groping with nature, forces the question and lifts the veil: here, get Sharikov and eat him with porridge.” Philipp Philippovich comes to the conclusion that violent intervention in the nature of man and society leads to catastrophic results. In the story “Heart of a Dog”, the professor corrects his mistake - Sharikov again turns into a dog. He is content with his fate and himself. But in life, such experiments have a tragic effect on the fate of people, warns Bulgakov. Actions should be considered and not be destructive. The main idea of ​​the writer is that bare progress, devoid of morality, brings death to people and such a mistake will be irreversible.

V.G. Rasputin "Farewell to Matera" Talking about the mistakes that are irreparable and bring suffering not only to each individual person, but to the people as a whole, one can also refer to the specified story of the writer of the twentieth century. This is not just a work about the loss of one's home, but also about how erroneous decisions lead to disasters that will certainly affect the life of society as a whole. The plot of the story is based on a real story. During the construction of the hydroelectric power station on the Angara, the surrounding villages were flooded. Resettlement has become a painful phenomenon for residents of flooded areas. After all, hydroelectric power plants are built for a large number of people. This is an important economic project, for the sake of which it is necessary to restructure, not to cling to the old. But can this decision be called unambiguously correct? Residents of the flooded Matera move to a village built not in a human way. The mismanagement with which huge amounts of money are spent hurts the writer's soul painfully. Fertile lands will be flooded, and nothing will grow in the village built on the northern slope of the hill, on stones and clay. Gross intervention in nature will necessarily entail environmental problems. But for the writer, they are not so much important as the spiritual life of people. For Rasputin, it is quite clear that the collapse, the disintegration of a nation, a people, a country, begins with the disintegration of a family. And the reason for this is a tragic mistake, which consists in the fact that progress is much more important than the souls of old people saying goodbye to their home. And there is no repentance in the hearts of young people. Wise with life experience, the older generation does not want to leave their native island, not because they cannot appreciate all the benefits of civilization, but primarily because they demand to give Matera for these amenities, that is, to betray their past. And the suffering of the elderly is the experience that each of us must learn. A person cannot, must not renounce his roots. In reasoning on this topic, one can turn to history and the catastrophes that the “economic” activity of man entailed. Rasputin's story is not just a story about great construction projects, it is a tragic experience of previous generations as an edification to us, people of the 21st century

I.S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons"

The life views and statements of Yevgeny Bazarov, expressed at the beginning of the novel, are refuted towards the end by both the hero and the author.

“It is better to break stones on the pavement than to allow a woman to take possession of at least the tip of her finger. That's all ... - Bazarov almost uttered his favorite word "romanticism", but he restrained himself and said: "nonsense." “Nature is not a temple, but a workshop, and man is a worker in it.” “All people are similar to each other both in body and soul; each of us has a brain, spleen, heart, lungs are the same; and the so-called moral qualities are the same in all: small modifications mean nothing. One human specimen is enough to judge all others. People that trees in the forest; not a single botanist will deal with every single birch. “Strength, strength,” he said, “is still here, but you have to die! .. The old man, at least, managed to wean himself from life, and I ... Yes, go try to deny death. She denies you, and that's it! "The old thing is death, but a new one for everyone."

Vikenty Vikentievich Veresaev (real name - Smidovich; 1867-1945) - Russian writer, translator, literary critic, doctor.

In 1888 he graduated from the Faculty of History and Philology of St. Petersburg University. In 1894 he graduated from the medical faculty of the University of Dorpat and began his medical career. He was called up for military service as a military doctor in 1904, during the Russo-Japanese War and the First World War. All-Russian fame came to Veresaev after the publication in 1901 in the journal "God's World" of "Doctor's Notes" - a biographical story about experiments on people and about the collision of a young doctor with a monstrous reality. In the work condemning medical experiments on humans, the moral position of the writer was also manifested. The resonance was so strong that the emperor himself ordered to take action and stop medical experiments on people. The writer received the Stalin Prize in 1943, at the height of the struggle against the monstrous experiments of the Nazis. "Notes" literally generated an explosion of interest in medical ethics, since it was precisely its problems that lay in the center of the author's attention.

A.S. Pushkin "Poltava"

After the victory at Poltava, Peter raised a toast during a festive feast: “To the health of teachers, to the Swedes!” The tsar had in mind the defeat near Narva in 1700, when the Russian troops were defeated by the Swedish. After that, transformations were carried out in the Russian army, which brought Peter the final victory.

“Peter is feasting. And proud and clear And his eyes are full of glory. And his royal feast is beautiful. At the cries of his troops, In his tent he treats His leaders, the leaders of strangers, And caresses glorious captives, And raises a healthy cup for his teachers.

D / z: write an essay on one of the proposed topics.

• Material for
• training
• to the final essay
• thematic direction
• "Experience and mistakes"

• Author of the work:
• teacher of Russian language and literature, MAOU "Volodarskaya secondary school"
• Sadchikova Yu.N.

• "Experience and Mistakes"
• Within the framework of this direction, it is possible to reason about the value of the spiritual and practical experience of an individual, people, humanity as a whole, reasoning about the price of mistakes on the way to knowing the world, gaining life experience.
• Literature often makes one think about the relationship between experience and mistakes: about experience that prevents mistakes, about mistakes without which it is impossible to move along the path of life, and about irreparable, tragic mistakes.

• Interpretation of concepts
• Experience is, first of all, the totality of everything that happens to a person in his life and what he is aware of;
• a person can have experience about himself, about his gifts, abilities, about his virtues and vices ...
• Experience - the unity of knowledge and skills (skills), acquired in the process of direct experiences, impressions, observations, practical actions, in contrast to knowledge ...
• Mistakes - incorrectness in actions, deeds, statements, thoughts, error.

• Experience is a teacher. Y. Caesar
• Experience is a school where lessons are expensive, but it is the only school where one can learn. B. Franklin
• When the eyes say one thing and the tongue another, the experienced person believes the former more. W. Emerson Knowledge that is not born of experience, the mother of all certainty, is fruitless and full of errors. Leonardo da Vinci
• Who, having rejected experience, manages deeds - in the future he will see a lot of insults. Saadi

• Statements about experience and mistakes
• Inexperience leads to trouble. A. S. Pushkin
• The best of all proofs is experience.
• F. Bacon
• Our true teachers are experience and feeling. J. -J. Rousseau
• Experience, in any case, takes a large price for teaching, but it teaches better than all teachers. Carlyle
• Simplicity is the hardest thing in the world; this is the extreme limit of experience and the last effort of genius. J. Sand
• Experience too often teaches us that people have so little control over anything as over their own language.

• Although they beat us for a mistake, they don’t knock us down.
• Those who do not repent of their mistakes are more mistaken.
• The foot stumbles, and the head gets.
• Mistakes start small.
• Mistake teaches people the mind-reason.

• Proverbs and sayings about experience and mistakes
• The fear of making mistakes is more dangerous than the mistake itself.
• I made a mistake that I hurt myself - forward science.
• Those who do not repent of their mistakes are more mistaken. A young mistake is a smile, an old one is a bitter tear. The foot stumbles, and the head gets.
• Mistakes start small.
• Mistake teaches people the mind-reason.
• Sat in a puddle, despite the cold.
• He does not make mistakes who does nothing.
• An error rides on an error and drives an error.

• Proverbs and sayings about experience and mistakes
• Some learn from the experience of others, and others from their mistakes. Bengal
• Long experience enriches the mind. Arabic
• Long experience is more valuable than a tortoise shell. Japanese
• One gained experience is more important than seven wise teachings. Tajik
• Only experience creates a true master. Indian
• It is better to let an experienced wolf eat than an inexperienced one. Armenian
• Inexperience is not a reproach to the young man. Russian
• I ate bread from seven ovens (i.e. Experienced). Russian

• Sample Essay Topics
• Man learns from mistakes.
• Does a person have the right to make a mistake?
• Why should you analyze your mistakes?
• Do you agree that mistakes are a key component of life experience?
• How do you understand the saying “to live life is not to cross a field”?
• What kind of life can be considered not lived in vain?
• “And experience, the son of difficult mistakes ...” (A. S. Pushkin)
• One experience gained is more important than seven wise teachings

• Featured Works
• A. S. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", "Eugene Onegin"
• M. Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time"
• A. I. Goncharov "Oblomov"
• I. S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons"
• L.N. Tolstoy "War and Peace"
• M. A. Sholokhov "Quiet Flows the Don"
• DI. Fonvizin "Sincere confession in my deeds and thoughts"
• Charles Dickens "A Christmas Carol"
• V.A. Kaverin "Open book"

• Entry option
• They say that a smart person learns from the mistakes of others, and a stupid person learns from his own. And indeed it is. Why make the same mistakes and end up in the same unpleasant situations that your relatives or friends have already been in? But to prevent this from happening, you really need to be a reasonable person and realize that no matter how smart you are, the most valuable experience for you in any case is the experience of other people whose life path is longer than yours. You need to have enough intelligence not to get into a mess, and then not to rack your brains on how to get out of this mess. But those who most often learn from their own mistakes are those who consider themselves an unsurpassed connoisseur of life and do not think about their actions and their future.

• Entry option
• All our lives we try to achieve the desired goals, although we often make mistakes in the process. People endure all these difficulties in different ways: someone becomes depressed, another tries to start all over again, and many set new goals for themselves, given the sad experience in achieving the previous ones. In my opinion, this is the whole meaning of human life. Life is an eternal search for oneself, a constant struggle for one's destiny. And if “wounds” and “abrasions” appear in this struggle, then this is not a reason for despondency. Because these are your own mistakes, to which you are entitled. There will be something to remember in the future, when the desired is achieved, the “wounds” will heal and even become a little sad that all this is already behind. You never need to look back, regret what you have done or, conversely, not done. It's just a waste of energy. It is only useful to analyze the experience of past mistakes and think carefully about what to do in order to avoid them in the future.

• Entry option
• How often are we wrong? Sometimes, all our lives we regret what we have done. It is sad and sad to realize when, under certain circumstances, someone can be lost, out of stupidity. But that's the reality, we all make mistakes. The essence of the issue is that people learn to forgive, give a second chance to fix everything. How, it would seem, we ask little, but how difficult it is to translate it into life. One not very well-known writer wrote: “Every action of a person, depending on the look, is both right and wrong.” In my opinion, these words have the deepest meaning.

A good topic for writing, especially for the younger generation. Young people and their parents, and older experienced acquaintances and friends-relatives are always in an unspoken confrontation. Young people want to go forward, try, develop, get emotions and embark on adventures. Whether they are ready to make mistakes with all this is a big question. Do they think about the likelihood of mistakes, about how they will survive or correct them? Perhaps the most responsible - yes, but for the most part, young people are sure that they are right, and do not think about possible mistakes.

Such recklessness just alarms their parents and relatives who climb to them with what? With experience. Most often theirs. To which the young are sure that "I won't be like that." But this is the law of life, and alas, such an invaluable and important experience is the result of actions and mistakes. Otherwise it is impossible. As the wise people say, "The one who does nothing does not make mistakes." Play like a rock and you can't go wrong. What about life? Well, life will pass you by, this is the lot of stones.

Of course, there are many works on this topic in the literature. This is for you both "Fathers and Sons", and the Heart of a Dog. "But I remembered not such a great work, but A.P. Chekhov. "Ionych." To be honest, it intrigued me at school for the simple reason that the main character in the work turned out to be my ... namesake. It was somehow exciting to read my last name in the book. And the attitude towards the main character was like a person, as if not a stranger, it seems like he is a distant relative of me. Well, this is my teenage perception was like that.

What is the essence of the story and how sideways the topic "Experience and mistakes" can be attributed here. Yes, the most direct. If you remember the story, what is it about? A young doctor finds himself in a small town. This, of course, is not the limit of his dreams, but the doctor himself is young, he has some kind of youthful enthusiasm in him, some kind of lively and real emotions. He meets a local family whose daughter becomes dear to him. Through the whole story, a series of events follows, in a year, in 2, in a few more years we see our hero and those joyless changes that happen to him.

Perhaps, being afraid to make a mistake once, to seem ridiculous, not to surrender to feelings, the hero makes the main mistake of his life. Being afraid to do something wrong, thinking about what others will say, he gradually loses in himself what is so valuable in his youth - the desire for movement and development. In a certain sense, it can be said that Ionych is developing, but this is rather not growth upward, but growth in breadth, and sometimes in the truest sense of the word. Over time, the young doctor becomes not a very pleasant outwardly person - overweight, fat, jammed ... without much joy in life.

Well, of course, one can blame Catherine for not immediately seeing in Startsev a person who turned out to be nice to her not immediately, but later. And this is some other mistake, already hers. She chased a crane in the sky, dropping a titmouse from her hands. It turns out that a series of mistakes shapes the life of both characters. And what's strange. Startsev prefers not to do anything (draws conclusions, let's say from someone else's experience), and is mistaken. Ekaterina decides to leave and is also mistaken. Life is like a series of mistakes that form an experience that guides a person further. The problem is that if the conclusion based on the error is made incorrectly, then the formed experience will continue to lead the person down the wrong path.

And finally, I would like to recall one more line on the topic Experience and mistakes - "If youth knew, if old age could." One is inseparable from the other, but it must be remembered that it is important to separate fatal errors from those that can be rethought and corrected.

Possible essay topics:

The one who does nothing is never wrong.

To err is a property of man, to forgive is a property of God.

Experience allows us to recognize a mistake every time we repeat it.

A truly thinking person draws as much knowledge from his mistakes as from his successes.

The only real mistake is not correcting your past mistakes.

Experience is the best teacher.

Our true teachers are experience and feeling.

Nothing in life is better than your own experience.

The only criterion of truth is experience.

The best of all proofs is experience.

Essay example

"The history of every human life is the history of defeat" (Jean Paul Sartre)

Our whole life is a series of ups and downs, victories and defeats, successful and unsuccessful combinations of circumstances, this fills the existence of a person with excitement, makes it brighter and more contrasting. However, all this is not infinite, and under any circumstances it should be borne in mind that our existence on Earth is finite, because a person is mortal, “sometimes suddenly mortal”, and this sad outcome is to a certain extent a defeat. And if our whole life is a road to death, somewhere bumpy and winding, and somewhere straight, can any history of human life be considered a history of defeat?

Defeat is a clear failure in any conflict, it is defeat, injustice, loss, fiasco. It seems to me that the concentration of all these concepts is the word "death" - the very outcome, the point after which all processes end, this is both an impetus to action and a fact that not everyone is ready to accept. This is an eternal conflict with life, a mystery shrouded in darkness, and probably the most anticipated and most tragic defeat that a person can experience.

Each of us is mortal, regardless of social status, age, life preferences, but many people forget about it, and therefore we know so many stories with a tragic end. In the story of I.A. Bunin “The Gentleman from San Francisco”, we are faced with the fate of a fairly typical personality: an elderly rich American sets off with his family on the steamship Atlantis to the Old World to reward himself for many years of “labor” (and in fact the cruel exploitation of Chinese workers ). The hero of the story did not differ in anything special, the author does not even tell us his name. All his life, this gentleman was engaged in hoarding, and, having lived to a fairly respectable age, he nevertheless decided to get, it would seem, a well-deserved rest - a time of idleness and gluttony. However, things turned out quite differently. Did this hero consider himself a winner? Of course, especially compared to those who could not afford six meals a day, who were much lower in status and sailed in the hold of a steamer. The gentleman from San Francisco believed that money gives him the right to command life and everyone who is near him, but literally a moment - a sudden death, and he, lifeless, floats not even in a coffin, but in a wooden box from under soda water in bowels of the ship, next to those to whom during his lifetime he expressed arrogant disdain. This death was a logical and instructive outcome, a cruel but just defeat, to which the gentleman from San Francisco had been going all his life. After him, nothing remained in the hearts of people, not even a name. It turns out that the history of his whole life was the history of his defeat.

Unfortunately, a similar outcome awaits those who, during their lifetime, are trying with all their might to fight the system, who destroy stereotypes, who fill life with their own meaning and, albeit on a subconscious level, but want to leave their mark on history. The hero of the novel I.S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons", Evgeny Bazarov is presented to us as an outstanding personality: despite his destructive theory, he was a naturalist, a medical practitioner, he helped people, but despised authorities. Having created his strict “building” of nihilism, the “pillar” of which was the denial of love, art, and, by the way, “ALL” (and first of all the state, power, religion), he did not notice how his “building” gradually collapses in a collision with life, with a feeling of love for Odintsova, for her parents. It was love that revealed the weakness and lifelessness of his vulgar materialistic theory. This wonderful feeling made Bazarov disappointed in himself. Trying to strangle love in himself, he seems to lose the ground under his feet. Hence his bitter reflections before his death: "Does Russia need me? ... No, apparently not needed." Death overtook Bazarov in the prime of his life, which is why it is doubly ridiculous. But we still have good memories of the hero: he is young, smart, educated, and his nihilism is just posturing (I really wanted to be different from everyone else, a kind of “subverter” of foundations). Bazarov's last words, addressed to Odintsova, who came to say goodbye to him, bare his soul: "Live and enjoy while there is time! ... Blow on a fading candle ... Calm down your mother." Death for Bazarov was to some extent a defeat, but it is also the beginning of good, elegiac memories of him, and his life itself was not lived in vain. He, unlike the hero of Bunin's story, left a memory in the souls of those who knew and loved him.

The statement of Jean Paul Sartre, who asserted that "the history of any human life is the history of defeat", in my opinion, is not entirely fair. Defeat is a fiasco, a collapse, and this leads to chaos in consciousness. You can't live forever with the thought of inevitable defeat. Thoughts about this should arouse excitement in a person, rivalry, a desire to act, feel, experience difficulties, learn about life and teach - in other words, a desire to live, and not to exist aimlessly.