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The first appeared slot machines to play. Free slot machines online

The first appeared slot machines to play. Free slot machines online

20.06.2020

The first slot machines were very different from today's slot machines. Only the idea of the game itself remained unchanged - to win, the player needs to collect a winning combination of symbols. The simple rules of the game and the exciting process itself have made slot machines one of the most popular casino entertainments.

Poker slot machines

The first game devices using coins were invented in 1880. These slot machines were based on the poker card game, had five reels and fifty playing cards. The player lowered a coin into the machine, pulled the handle and watched the rotation of the reels. The system of "payments" was non-standard: in case of victory, the player approached the bartender and took a mug of beer or a cigar as a prize.

One-armed bandits

The next stage in the development of slot machines is one-armed bandits. These are the inventions of Charles Fey, the "father of slots". The story goes that Fey invented the first slot machine in 1894. The second slot, invented in 1895, was called 4-11-44. These slot machines became known as "one-armed bandits" because of the lever to start the reels.

Liberty Bell

Already in 1898, Fey invented the first slot machine with an automatic payout system - the Liberty Bell. When three Liberty Bell symbols landed, the player received a jackpot of 10 nickels. The novelty was so popular that even after the ban on slot machines, Fey had many orders for their production.

fruit machines

The next step in the history of slots was the invention of "fruit" machines. The card symbols on the reels have been replaced with fruit patterns: cherries, oranges, watermelons, apples and bar symbols. At first, the payouts on such machines were fruit-flavored chewing gums. This was done not only for fun, but also to avoid the anti-gambling laws that were introduced in many states.

Electromechanical slots

The first electromechanical slot machine was invented in 1964 and was called Money Honey. Thanks to advanced electromechanical technology, the slot paid out winnings automatically and could accept up to 500 coins without technical support.

And in 1996, the first video slot appeared, which had a Reel "Em bonus game on the second screen.

History of modern slots

Today, players have a wide variety of slot machines that they can play in both classic and online casinos. Slot machines can have a different number of reels and paylines, bonuses and symbols. Most of the slots are themed, but some still use the classic symbols. Among slot machines, the most common are: classic 3-reel, 5-reel video slots, progressive, bonus, etc.

Online slots

The history of online slots dates back to 1994, when the state of Antigua and Barbuda signed the Caribbean Free Trade Agreement. This document allowed companies from all over the world to legally open online casinos. In 1995, the first online casino Gaming Club was opened.

In order to protect and support online players, the famous Kahnawake Gambling Commission (Canada) was founded in 1996. Many players preferred to play on the Internet, but in 1996 the United States passed the Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act, which banned online gambling. Nevertheless, according to statistics, now about 70% of the income of any online casino is brought by slot machines.

Slots can be classified as one of the youngest gambling games. However, you cannot call them young, because the first models were born back in the century before last. Since then, slot machines have gone through a thorny path from primitive mechanical devices to the most complex computer programs.

Currently, the network can be found not only new games of this kind. Almost every slot machine known from real casinos can be found in Internet establishments in the form of a virtual analogue, which is commonly called an emulator. They are especially popular with customers who remain loyal to their favorite games for many years, even if more modern versions appear.

But back to the history of slot machines.

First slots

So, slot machines are about one hundred and twenty years old. Given such an insignificant (on the scale of history) age, it is not surprising that the name of the inventor of the first slots is well known to everyone who is interested in their history. They became Charles Fey, a German immigrant who lived first in New Jersey and then in California. He is called the father of slots.

When Fey was about twenty years old, doctors diagnosed him with tuberculosis and claimed that he would not last even a year. However, he not only lived for many more years, but also managed to become a legend in the gambling world.

In 1887 Charles designed first slot machine, named by him Liberty Bell ("Liberty Bell"). It consisted of three reels with twenty symbols (bells, horseshoes, stars and card suits) that formed combinations and accepted nickels. The novelty was a resounding success, and a few years later the mass production of Liberty Bell slots was launched.

I must say, Fei was not only a talented engineer, but also a successful businessman. He thought of renting slots for 50% of the profit they brought. He consistently refused to sell slot machines or the right to issue them, although all the major manufacturers of casino equipment made lucrative offers to him.

It wasn't until 1907 that he began a partnership with the Mills Novelty Company that resulted in the new Mills Liberty Bell slot. Later, the Operator Bell model was developed. Its popularity is evidenced by the fact that more than thirty thousand slots have been sold.

It is also impossible not to recall that in 1891 in Brooklyn, Sittman and Pitt developed their own version of the slot machine. It was based on the principles of poker, and payments were made for poker combinations that fell out. Some researchers believe that this particular slot was the first.

Significant changes in the design and design of slot machines occurred in the thirties of the twentieth century. Firstly, the slots got rid of the bell that bothered everyone, which announced the win. Secondly, they have a double jackpot. In addition, the design of the devices has become more attractive and diverse. The new models were called Lion Head, Roman Head, War Eagle and Castle Front.

Boom of slot machines

Slots became really popular in the forties. Over time, they appeared in almost all casinos. At first they were preferred by women, whose husbands and companions preferred to try their luck in traditional card and table games of chance. A few years later, slots brought the most profit to the casino.

The first electromechanical machines called Big Bertha appeared in the fifties. They were equipped with a five horsepower engine. Twenty symbols were landed on each of the eight reels, and the return of the slot was 80%. These slots accepted larger denominations of coins, which made them attractive to high rollers.

The Money Honey machine from Bally Technologies was the first fully electronic slot machine. He appeared in the casino in 1963.

The era of computers

In the 1980s, Sircoma revolutionized the field with the introduction of computer-equipped video poker. It is believed that it was with this model that the era of modern slot machines began. Appearance in them

random number generators has increased the level of players' confidence in slots. The principles of customer service, accepting money, making payments, and so on have gradually been modified.

When the first online casinos opened online, slots were one of the first games of chance they offered. Currently, their range is in the thousands. It seems that in the modern world, not a single significant cultural event takes place without the appearance of a slot machine dedicated to it.

A huge number of great slots are available at the casinos included in the top ten establishments according to the Casinoz portal.

Types of machines

The practice is divided into the following types

Mechanical slots

Video slots

The current level of development of electronics makes it possible to produce an almost unlimited number of new varieties of slot machines. As a rule, they are equipped with five parallel discs, on the rim of which various images are applied. These are virtual reels spinning on the video monitor screen. Such devices have from 1 to 40 or more lines (rarely - up to 100). Winning lines, payouts occur according to combinations on all lines. Certain combinations of numbers bring the player a win. Slot machines differ from each other in the terms of the game - the ability to further increase the amount won; bonus systems, jackpots, and the design of cases and gaming programs - the number of symbols and pictures that have replaced the traditional "cherries" is incalculable.

Video poker

columns

First generation: machine with a coin acceptor acting as a button

Other

Principle of operation

Slot machines are one of the most highly profitable business methods. The owner earns on the so-called. "percentage of return", i.e. the system administrator sets in advance the percentage of funds invested in the machine by the player, which is returned to the players in the form of winnings. This percentage varies between 80 and 95, but on average it is 85-92. Most machines do not allow you to bet less than 80%, because. the manufacturer believes that in this case the maintenance of the machine will be unprofitable. It is completely wrong to assume that supposedly, if a machine with a return percentage of 80 “eats” 100 rubles, then it must immediately give back the 80 rubles due to the player. A winning combination appears as randomly as a losing one, so the machine can “eat” both 1 and 10 thousand rubles and give nothing away, but in the next moment, give 80% (for an arbitrary period) assigned to the player. In any case, if we take the statistics of the machine for a more or less long period (1 week / 1 month), it will still turn out that the machine gave the player no more than 80% of the funds invested in it. The player can only win if he hits random recoil moment 80 percent of random amounts. When the player starts the game, symbols on the screen appear randomly, by means of a generator pseudo random numbers, naturally observing the conditions of the established "return percentage" - if certain conditions are met, then the combination on the screen will be winning. Thus, all the images on the screen, or doubling the win (red/black, big/small) are by and large not important - after the reels are launched, the player will absolutely not be able to influence the course of the game, which button the player would not press, even before the reels stop already “knows” in advance whether to show a winning combination or not. Colorful images of the heroes of the game, the ability to select any symbols, doubling the win, sound accompaniment, the design of the machine itself - all this is necessary only for the psychological aspect of the game - the player, as it were, plays a certain quest, he feels his involvement with the heroes of the game, he is imposed the idea that it is he who controls them, but this is all false - the processor of the machine already “knows” what to do before the first second, and only then gives the command to the graphics card to light up this or that picture on the screen.

There are several options for the generator

Virtual offset: another random number is added to a random number (in the range 0-1) that defines the sector of the reel, 1 is subtracted if necessary, and the new position is shown accordingly
Infinite offset: the coprocessor calculates the entire running time, while giving only the result generated at the bet
From the win: A random number determines the win and type (credits and additional games), and then the machine "draws" a combination for it.

History of gambling business in Russia

First stage

Second phase

A powerful impetus to the development of the gaming halls industry was given by the Federal Law “On the Tax on the Gambling Business” adopted in 2009, which established a system of imputed taxation. With the adoption of this law, business was able to develop openly.

Third stage

With the entry into force of part two of the Tax Code, a tax rate on income (winnings) was set at 35%, and the practice spread to the amount of money taken by the player. However, the practice was quickly challenged and the norm was abolished earlier.

A real boom in the development of slot machines occurred in the year when the Russian Government refused to license the gambling business by the regions of the Russian Federation and the procedure for obtaining a license was simplified as much as possible.

According to the legislation of the Russian Federation, slot machines belong to the category "Measuring equipment" with the corresponding requirements for metrological control.

Fourth stage

After the explosion at the Rizhskaya station (at that time there was a game room in two pavilions)

Notes

Links

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At one time, slot machines (slot machines) very quickly gained recognition in gaming centers and casinos around the world, because, unlike the same table games, in slot machines the player sets the pace of the game himself, no special skills are required from the players , and absolutely everything depends solely on luck and old Fortuna.

Interestingly, the original American term "slot machine" was used to refer to both vending and slot machines (a slot is a slot for accepting coins). Both gaming and vending machines (vending) had identical slots. But later, the term “slot machine” was assigned to those machines that, in exchange for a coin, did not provide goods, but made it possible to play some kind of game. But progress does not stand still. Now you do not need any coins, and slot machines - to play for free, which you can even for a whole day without a break, are available to all of us on the Internet.

The history of slot machines dates back to 1884-88. (according to various sources) when the German-American Charles Fay (1862-1944) created his first slot machine in his auto repair shop, which worked from 5-cent coins. The maximum win of the first slot machine was 10 coins of 5 cents - only half a dollar.

August Charles Fey (1862-1944) was the sixteenth and last child in the family of a village teacher from Bavaria.
A passion for mechanics was discovered in a boy at the age of 14, when he joined a factory for the production of farm equipment. Bavarian youths often fell into the German army and, in order to avoid this fate, the fifteen-year-old August decided to go to New Jersey.

At the age of 15, he left his parents' house, taking with him only a small bundle of provisions and a woolen blanket. Surviving by odd jobs, he walked all over France and reached the shores of foggy Albion. In five years working as a mechanic in shipyards in London, Fey saved up enough money to go to America. Then he did not even suspect that he would become famous as the inventor of slot machines. In France, he stayed to earn money and cross the English Channel, and lived in London for another 5 years before he came to America, to New York. However, the cold northeastern winters drove the young traveler to California.

In America at that time, various vending machines with slots for nickels were common: here the idea of Fey was born. In 1885, Charles Fey arrived in San Francisco. Various gaming devices that flooded the saloons and cigar shops of San Francisco could not help but attract the attention of a talented mechanic. In San Francisco, August worked briefly as a mechanic. Soon, the young man was diagnosed with tuberculosis, and the doctors predicted an early death, but the disease was extinguished. On August 25 he went back to work. Marrying a Californian, August took on a new American name (Charles) and completely adopted the American way of life.

In the late 1890s, games began to appear that are very similar to modern slot machines. These were machines with drums that had cards on them, or a machine with a huge wheel on which many colors were applied. The meaning of all games was to guess the card or color that will fall out after spinning the reels or the wheel.

In the 1890s, C. Fey worked with Theodor Holtz and Gustav Schultz, one of the most famous manufacturers of slot machines at that time. In 1893, Schulz created the HORSESHOES, the first 1-reel machine with a cash win counter and cash payout. In 1894 C. Fei built a similar apparatus, and in 1895 he created his own "4-11-44".

The success of this machine allowed the inventor to open his own factory in 1896 and devote himself entirely to the development of new devices. Here the first poker machines with "falling cards" and cards located on 5 reels were created.

The first machine, created in 1894, had 3 wheels and was very similar to the machine of Gustav Schulz, a well-known manufacturer and operator of slots, that appeared a year earlier. Leaving his previous job, Charles founded his own company, which at first was engaged in the production of parts and spare parts for Schultz slots.

A year later, the second version of the slot performed by Fey appeared - a machine called "4-11-44" resembled the popular "Policy" lottery. 4-11-44 - a popular combination of this lottery - became the highest winning ($5.00) combination of the Fairy slot with three concentric digital buzzers.

The success of this device was so significant that already in 1896 Fey allowed him to open his own factory for the production of such devices. When in 1898 the decree on the legalization of machines with the payment of winnings in cash was issued, C. Fey tried to build a poker machine with a counter and the payment of cash winnings. The main difficulty was recognizing the cards on the reels and making it possible to accept and pay out winnings both in coins and in special “trade checks” tokens that were exchanged for cigars and drinks. In 1898, C. Fei managed to solve this problem, although poker turned out to be somewhat “truncated” - on 3 reels. The machine was called CARD BELL - the name "bell machine" for many decades has become a household name for all machines with three reels.

In 1899, Charles Fey changed his brainchild somewhat. Now the latter was dominated by the very popular at that time patriotic symbol of Liberty Bell - the “bell of freedom”, which adorned the top panel of the machine.
Liberty Bell is a slot that consists of three reels, which are marked with: a horseshoe, a star, spades, diamonds, worms and a bell. Only one line of characters was visible on the display. To place a bet, you need to insert a token or coin into a special slot. To start the game, you need to pull the lever. The reels will start spinning. After the reels stop, a combination of symbols drops out. According to the table of winnings, the amount of winnings will be determined if a paid combination has fallen out.

At the bottom there is a table of winnings, according to which the maximum "production" - 20 dimes (or tokens) - was paid out when a combination of three bells fell out.

Several Fey-designed slot machines have been installed in drinking establishments in San Francisco. Along with the first "one-armed bandits", the first gamblers immediately appeared.

"... One of these avid players was a young Indian businessman who came to Tokyo on business. Having breakfast in a small cafe, he noticed four slot machines in the corner, powered by one lever. The inquisitive Indian could not resist the temptation to try his luck: he lowered into each of coin machine and pulled the lever. The winnings amounted to eight coins. Thus began an unparalleled gaming marathon that lasted six days with four three-hour breaks for food and sleep. During this time, he pulled the lever 70,000 times, won a total of $ 1,500, which again spent on the game, adding another hundred dollars from his own money to them.Although at times the machines paid him considerable sums, there was no case (except for the first attempt) when the winnings exceeded the bet by more than one and a half times.For example, by lowering twenty dollars, he received back less than ten.
At the end of the six-day madness, the Indian returned to his homeland and convinced the management of his company to invest money from the export of spices, fruits and medicines into the import of American slot machines. An unusual commercial operation brought the company huge profits and resounding success ... "

The success of the inventor and his apparatus did not give rest to envious people, so in 1905 a rather strange robbery took place in one of the salons on Powell Street in San Francisco. Only two things were stolen - a bartender's apron and a Liberty Bell slot machine. As it turned out later, he was kidnapped by competitors - the Novelty company, which sent the "bandit" straight to its Chicago factory. Using the stolen machine as a model, the company in 1906 released its own model - Mills Liberty Bell. And soon, thanks to the fact that the factory of Charles Fey was almost completely destroyed during the strong earthquake in San Francisco in 1906, the hijacking company managed to gain a leading position in the market of gambling mechanical means. And it happened in just a few years.

From the early days of its existence, gaming machines have had to constantly defend their "right to life." Numerous local and federal decrees and laws to ban slot machines were issued in the United States every year. As a result, machine owners had to resort to all sorts of tricks. For example, "Liberty Bell” , thanks to the addition of a special device, turned into a chewing gum vending machine.

But, in addition, the buyer, by pulling a special handle, could win a prize if a winning combination formed during the rotation of the reels. New symbols - plums, oranges, lemons, mint, cherries - corresponding to the most popular flavors of chewing gum, as well as images of packaging labels (BAR) were applied to the vending machine discs. Now the maximum win was paid out when a combination of three labels was received, and the traditional bell (bell) moved to the second line in the payout table. Such machines began to be called fruit-machines. The fruit trick increased sales (they began to install machines in shops, public places, etc. - where cards were not allowed).

Since then, these pictures have been present on the reels of modern slot machines almost unchanged. Only the bright label turned into a simple rectangle with the inscription BAR. Over the decades, these symbols have become a kind of international language - players all over the world know that a lemon means losing, three oranges - winning 10 coins, and three BARs - "Jackpot".

Despite the fact that slot machines were banned in California, Fai continued to produce them illegally, for which he was arrested and fined.

And Slot Machines were gaining more and more momentum - even the Great Depression did not affect their popularity!

The first electric slot machine "Jackpot Bell", in which the wheel mechanism was driven by an electric motor, was developed by Jennings in 1930. In 1966, the Bally company introduced a machine equipped with an automatic payout system - coins were poured into a special tray. Until 1966, the owners of the establishments in which the machines were located paid the winnings.

Charlie August's mechanical slot machine has been in use for over 60 years.

The first prototype of a slot machine was invented in 1887 in England. In 1905, the famous Liberty Bell was created in the USA, and since that time the level of availability of the game has increased, which immediately affects the increase in the number of players around the world. Slot machines are beginning to be installed not only in casinos, but also in saloons and bars. From this moment on, the global gambling business begins a new life.

Types of machines

The practice is divided into the following types