Molchalin and Sofia. The meaning of images in A. S. Griboedov's comedy "Woe from Wit"
You will make peace with him, after reflection and mature.
A. S. Griboyedov
Alexander Sergeevich Griboyedov is a talented author of the comedy "Woe from Wit". For 180 years now, she has never ceased to amaze and delight more and more generations of readers with the truthfulness of the images created by the author, and with her bright, juicy, unparalleled language.
Of great importance in understanding the author's intention, a critical assessment of contemporary reality, were played by two heroes of the comedy - Sophia and Molchalin. In general, the play presents a classic "love triangle". Griboedov skillfully managed to draw the tragicomedy of this situation, bringing the “eternal characters” to the stage and showing their experiences, intrigues, and the collapse of dreams. Sophia is the daughter of a wealthy Moscow gentleman, bored in her father's house, she drew attention to an insignificant person, Molchalin Alexei Stepanovich, imagining him "the hero of her novel." Chatsky's departure pushed Sophia to Molchalin. Because of her youth and inexperience, she chose Alexei Stepanovich as the “object of passion”, and who else could attract her attention, not Skalozub.
About the departed Chatsky, she says with resentment: He thought highly of himself ... The desire to wander attacked him, Ah! if someone loves whom, Why look for the mind, and travel so far? Sophia is quite selfish, she wants the world to revolve around her. She takes Molchalin's servility, pretense and flattery for love and recklessly gives her soul and heart to this cold and prudent "lackey". Molchalin is ready to forget himself for others, impudence, - always shyly, timidly kissing with whom you can spend like that!
She is unaware that Molchalin's restraint is due to love and respect, but to the indifference and prudence of an egoist unceremoniously going towards his goal. He perfectly mastered the laws of society, into the "higher spheres" of which he will make his way by any means, therefore he knows: Ah! Evil tongues are worse than a gun. Here, sincerity, ardor of the soul, patriotism and conscientious service in the name of the fatherland and cause are not needed, but the price is completely different: the pursuit of money, ranks, profitable parties, is profitable. mi places.
Molchalin knows the rules of this life very well. He adapted to the "powerful of this world" and confidently goes to the intended goal. And at the same time, he cannot deny himself "little weaknesses." He likes Sophia's maid - Liza. Alexei Stepanovich, at every opportunity, expresses his favor to her. He is unaware that his baseness is obvious even to the maid. He is so self-confident that he takes care of Lisa without any fear. What is your face! How I love you!.. Come to dinner, stay with me; I will reveal the whole truth to you ... My angel, I would like to feel half the same for her that I feel for you ...
Blinded by "fictitious love", Sophia does not want to notice the stupidity, insignificance and servility of Molchalin. She builds his vices into virtues, it is so convenient for her. She does not want to see real life, but, having read novels, she endows the first person she meets with the necessary features who comes "under the arm". Sophia is smart enough, but she is the flesh of the flesh of this society and lives according to its laws. She knows how to lie, dodge, slander brilliantly, therefore she circles even an experienced father around her finger. Like any spoiled young lady, she does as she pleases. For the sake of boredom, she drew attention to Molchalin, but then she sincerely fell in love, not realizing that he was a liar and a hypocrite, and not in love with her.
At the first meeting, Sophia admits to Chatsky that she loves Molchalin, only he does not want to believe, to understand the obvious. Look, he has gained the friendship of everyone in the house. He has been serving with the priest for three years, He often gets angry to no avail, And he will disarm him with silence, Forgive him from the kindness of his soul, by the way, I could seek favors; Not at all. she won’t step over the threshold from old people .. Now, already in love, Sophia is not afraid of either her father’s anger or the opinions of others, her ardent nature longs for happiness, and the more terrible her “sobering up”, the more she was deceived, seeing in Molchalin an ideal.
I don't remember anything, don't bother me.
Memories! like a sharp knife.
Don't be mean, stand up.
I don't want an answer, I know your answer
Lie...
But he could also say about Sophia and Chatsky, there is more difference in them than in Sophia and Molchalin. Alexander Andreevich knowingly says that for Sophia this is not yet a disaster. You will make peace with him, on mature reflection. To destroy yourself, and for what! Think, you can always take care of him, and swaddle, and send him away for business. Husband-boy, husband-servant, from the wife's pages - The high ideal of all Moscow men. One can only be surprised at the foresight and brilliant foresight of A.S. Griboedov, who predicted the behavior of people many years in advance. The images of Sophia and Molchalin are key in the comedy "Woe from Wit". They illustrate the relationship of people connected not with sincere love and respect, but with selfishness and selfish aspirations for the goals set.
Chatsky and Molchalin are rivals in the fight for Sophia's heart
One of the main features of the comedy "Woe from Wit" by A.S. Griboyedov is the presence of two conflicts in it: love and social. Both storylines are closely related, and they are also united by some heroes. Chatsky and Molchalin in the comedy "Woe from Wit" are both rivals in the fight for the heart of Sophia, Famusov's daughter, and opposing sides on many public issues.
The protagonist of the play, Alexander Andreevich Chatsky, returns to Famusov's house after a three-year stay abroad. He left his beloved Sophia here and now he is going to her with serious intentions, in love and full of hope. But during the absence of Chatsky, Sophia began to look differently at their youthful romance and now calls it childish. Her heart is occupied by Molchalin, her father's modest and taciturn secretary, who lives in their house.
The tragedy of Chatsky begins with the fact that he does not understand why Sophia has cooled off towards him, and is trying to find the reason for this. The second blow for the protagonist is that Molchalin was preferred to him, about whom Chatsky sarcastically said: "There is only little intelligence in him."
The characterization of Molchalin and Chatsky will help to understand why Sophia makes such a choice.
Why does Sophia prefer Molchalin, and not Chatsky?
Sofya Famusova, although she does not belong to the zealous defenders of the "past century", is still the daughter of her father. The ideals of a noble society were instilled in her from childhood. Although she does not look like the conservative nobles of her circle, she absorbed many of the principles of their life from her father's upbringing.
When in the first act of the comedy between Sophia and Lisa a conversation about Chatsky comes up. It becomes clear that for her their love has remained only a childhood memory. Of the merits of Chatsky, she singles out only his ability to make everyone laugh, but after all, “you can share laughter with everyone.” With these words, she, as it were, relieves herself of responsibility for the fact that she is now playing a love game with Molchalin.
How do Chatsky and Molchalin appear before the reader in the comedy "Woe from Wit"?
Sophia herself characterizes Chatsky as follows: “Sharp, smart, eloquent, especially happy in friends ...” But the girl cannot understand and believe how a man in love can leave his beloved for three years for incomprehensible purposes: “Ah! If someone loves whom, why look for the mind and travel so far?
Arriving in Moscow, Chatsky angers Sophia not only by jeopardizing her happiness with Molchalin. He also starts a conversation with Sophia with attacks on her relatives and friends: “Well, what about your father?
All the English club is an old, faithful member to the grave? Did your uncle jump back his eyelid?"
Chatsky himself does not understand why his words offend Sophia. He sees nothing wrong with them. The hero is justified by the fact that his "mind and heart are out of tune."
But most of all Sophia is stung by Chatsky's words about Molchalin. She sees in him a character from the novels that she reads. In her imagination, he is endowed with the features of a romantic hero. Chatsky immediately figured out Molchalin and his role in the Famus society. Molchalin is "helpful, modest," which means that "he will reach the known levels, because now they love the dumb."
Why won't any of the characters in the final of the comedy be with Sophia?
In one of the episodes of the comedy Woe from Wit, Chatsky and Molchalin collide in a verbal duel, and the reader gradually begins to reveal the true face of Molchalin, which turns out to be not as simple as it seems at first glance.
Molchalin, like all representatives of the “past century” hated by Chatsky, seeks to get a high rank and position in society at any cost. Since while he does not have all this, he "needs to depend on others." This is incomprehensible to Chatsky: “Why is it necessary?” But Molchalin seems to have a clear life plan. He tries in every possible way to serve the guests of Famusov, praises the fur of Khlestova's dog, which looks ridiculous and humiliating. He lives by the principle: "At my age, one should not dare to have one's own judgment."
Even with his small successes in the service, Molchalin is very proud and boasts of them in front of Chatsky: “As far as I work and strength, since I have been listed in the archives, I have received three awards.” Molchalin even dares to express sympathy for Chatsky because he does not serve. He recommends Chatsky to improve relations with Tatyana Yuryevna, who "gives balls cannot be richer." She can help in obtaining the next rank or award, because "officials and officials are all her friends and all her relatives." This is how people of the Famus circle are accustomed to earning a position in society. Such is Molchalin.
Supporters of the "past century" do not understand Chatsky's desire to serve "the cause, not the persons." If Molchalin uses the ball as an opportunity to find channels for career advancement, then Chatsky prefers to share time for fun and for business: “When I’m in business, I hide from fun, when I’m fooling around, I’m fooling around, and mixing these two crafts is the darkness of craftsmen, I am not one of them."
The images of Chatsky and Molchalin in the comedy "Woe from Wit" are completely different. Chatsky has a fresh, active mind. He was brave both in love and in defending his views. Molchalin is unhurried and cautious both in society and in feelings. In relations with Sophia, he constantly thinks about how the world will react to their connection if it suddenly opens, because "evil tongues are worse than a gun." It's amazing that such different characters could arouse the love of one and the same woman.
This mystery will be revealed at the end of the play. Molchalin seeks Sophia's favor by deceit. Under the mask of a silent and modest person hides a two-faced hero who takes the form of a lover only "for the sake of the daughter of such a person." There is no love for Sophia in him and no serious intentions towards her, unlike Chatsky.
However, Chatsky, having spent one day in the company of Moscow nobles, understands that his views have forever diverged from the views of the Famus society. And Sophia for him now is a part, the offspring of that world where he has no entrance. He recommends that she make peace with Molchalin, whom she exposed. After all, this hero fully corresponds to the ideal of a husband, accepted in the world: "Husband-boy, husband-servant, from the wife's pages - the high ideal of all Moscow husbands."
conclusions
Chatsky and Molchalin in Griboyedov's comedy "Woe from Wit" are characters that are completely different in nature and in value orientations. If society rejects Chatsky and accepts Molchalin, then it characterizes itself in accordance with this hero. Moscow nobles want to be bowed down before them, to curry favor, to win their favor. They respect ceremonialism and careerism. These ideals are perfectly matched by Molchalin. Chatsky, in this society of “passionate for ranks” people, is superfluous.
The characterization of the images of Molchalin and Chatsky, the opposition of these characters can be used by students of grade 9 in their essays on the topic "Famus society in the comedy" Woe from Wit ""
Artwork test
(2nd option)
Oh! if someone loves someone
Why look for the mind and
drive that far?
A. S. Griboyedov.
Among the riches of Russian classical literature, a special place is occupied by A. S. Griboyedov’s comedy “Woe from Wit”. The lively images of this comedy tell about the distant past, exciting the modern reader as well. In the center of the image is aristocratic Moscow, but in the replicas of Griboedov's heroes there are words about St. Petersburg, that is, the vast expanses of Russia are affected. All layers of Russian society are represented in the comedy, from the Moscow nobility, whose representatives are Famusov and Khlestova, to serf servants.
In my opinion, comedy is very interesting for its compositional originality. Here, the love and socio-political lines are intricately intertwined, which develop the ideological concept.
The action of the comedy covers a little less than a day. The plot of the story has a love character. The play begins with Chatsky's arrival in Moscow to his beloved girlfriend Sofya. In the Famusovs' house, he is cheerful, blinded by the beauty of his beloved. While talking with her, Chatsky draws well-aimed, caustic caricatures of all mutual acquaintances, but when it comes to Molchalin, Sophia breaks down and exclaims: “Not a man, a snake!” It was the last drop that overwhelmed the soul of the girl.
From the first act, the relationship between Molchalin and Sophia is shown before the arrival of Chatsky, and already from the beginning the author ironically points out the insincerity of Molchalin's love for Sophia.
So, Sophia is a typical Moscow young lady, not stupid, brought up on French novels. She is often witty, the accuracy of her characteristics surpasses Chatsky himself.
Rootless Molchalin is obsequious and modest. He lives according to his father's behest: "to please all people without exception", never to express his opinion. Molchalin is sensitive to any changes and, although not far off intellect, is well oriented in the social structure. He is very cunning and quirky, always able to find the "key" to every influential person.
There the pug will stroke in time,
Here, at the right time, he will insert a card ...
The purpose of Molchalin's life is to go up the career ladder, slowly but surely. He dreams of becoming rich and powerful. He is not even ashamed of the fact that he will humiliate himself a lot in order to achieve his goal. Molchalin is the embodiment of the ideal of all Moscow gossips.
Sophia, on the contrary, always expresses her opinion. She easily spreads the rumor about Chatsky's madness. But Chatsky not only does not reject the rumors, but with all his might, without knowing it, confirms them, arranging a scene at the ball, then the scene of farewell to Sophia and the exposure of Molchalin. The love line of the play ends with a scene behind the column, which Sophia becomes an accidental witness. Here Molchalin confesses his love to Lisa. Sophia is deceived, she gets "a million torments", especially since Chatsky becomes another random witness. The love conflict and the socio-political conflict are resolved simultaneously. The love line ends with Chatsky's rejection, and the socio-political line ends with his flight from Moscow: “Get out of Moscow! I don't go here anymore!"
In Griboyedov, all the heroes who set a goal in life fail. Woe from the mind, if you understand the mind as a developed plan of action, the desire to "make life" from someone, will befall Famusov, and Molchalin, and Sophia, and Chatsky.
Molchalin, of course, greatly complicated his career by acting very calculatedly: he courted Sophia, she fell in love in earnest, considering Molchalin, and not Chatsky, her ideal husband.
So, Sophia, who "does not sleep from French books", tries to live her life like a novel. She dreams of finding herself a "husband-boy", "husband-servant", so that he obeys her in everything. However, Sophia's novel is in a Russian way. The story of her love for Molchalin is pure and spiritual, but still it is just a book fiction. In the soul of Sophia, too, there is no agreement. Maybe that's why she is shown in the play, as Sophia - means "wise", and Pavlovna, the daughter of Famusov, means something similar to him. Molchalin does not love Sophia, but uses her as a means to achieve his goals.
What happens? As soon as we begin to act according to the plan, our life is not ordered, but destroyed.
It means that out of the love triangle (Molchalin, Sofya and Chatsky), it is not the mind that comes out the winner, not even limitation, but disappointment. The play gets an unexpected end, the mind turns out to be untenable in love, that is, in what is inherent in living life.
It seems to me that Alexander Sergeevich Griboedov in his comedy, with the help of these characters, intensifies the main conflict and conveys his attitude to everything that happens. They help the author to understand all the other heroes of the play, the problems of the era, expand the historical framework and show the entire Russian “light”.In the comedy "Woe from Wit" A.S. Griboyedov raises the topic of confrontation between an enlightened personality and a whole society of idle and ignorant people who personify the upper world. This conflict is akin to the eternal dispute of conservative fathers with progressive children, so at all times it will be of great interest.
Two opposing sides are clearly expressed in the comedy, but there are also ambiguous characters who, at first glance, are not endowed with the vices of the Famus society. Sophia, who is not devoid of positive qualities, belongs to such heroes.
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Chatsky's childhood friend is well-mannered and smart, the hero has tender feelings for her, but the girl prefers the cunning flatterer Molchalin to honest and decent Chatsky. How can you explain Sophia's choice?
The author built the plot in such a way that the conflict looked sharper. He shows the reader the difference in the views of young people brought up in Famusov's house. Significant differences are noticeable between the matured Sophia and Alexander. The girl perceives their former relationship as youthful love, her ideals have changed. Now she imitates her father and wants to command. The noblewoman is touched by the prospect of becoming the patroness of the weak-willed Molchalin, who walks "on tiptoe and is not rich in words." He is below Sophia in position, so the desire to have a "husband-boy, husband-servant" reveals in the girl a typical representative of the capital's society. By the end of the work, Chatsky's suffering only intensifies, because unrequited love is also added to the social conflict.
It seems to me that Sophia lost interest in Chatsky not only out of a desire to command the submissive Molchalin. The girl's resentment also affected, because Alexander wandered for three years and did not send a single message. A long separation deprived her of affection, and this is the fault of the hero himself. If Chatsky had been around all this time, perhaps his influence would have overpowered the paternal principle in the soul of his beloved. But what could the girl think about when the young man suddenly set off in an unknown direction and did not make himself felt?
I think Sophia chose the obedient Molchalin for her complaisant character. She mistook cunning and obsequiousness for kindness and modesty. It can be seen that she loves not so much a gentleman as the ideal created by her sensitive imagination. And the desire to have a submissive and comfortable spouse once again proves that Sophia is a worthy daughter of her father and is a particle of his society.
Updated: 2017-01-10
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Mazhanova Daria
At the heart of the comedy A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit" is an ideological clash of two different generations, representatives of the "past century" and "present century". However, not all characters in the play can be assessed unambiguously.
Sofia Pavlovna Famusova is an extraordinary person. In the words of the author himself, she is “not stupid herself” and in many ways is opposed to noble society. This is the only character close to the main character Chatsky, who is on an equal footing with him. Sophia by nature has a lively mind, strong character, courage, independent of other people's opinions. The girl received a good education and, despite the anger of her father (“to collect all the books, but burn them”, “learning is the plague”), spends a lot of time reading. Sophia lives with a strong and real feeling, follows the dictates of her heart: “What is rumor to me? Whoever wants, so judges. Why did such a deep girl prefer the soulless careerist Molchalin to the ardent Chatsky?
Sophia was greatly influenced by the atmosphere of the Famus society that raised her. She has to build her life according to generally accepted patterns, and, like the ladies of her circle, dominating society and family, she dreams of a “servant husband”. It is precisely such a hero that Molchalin is, striving to "serve" more influential people ("should not dare to have his own opinion"). He is convenient for her, because the girl sees in him only a soft, quiet, modest, meek, without sins person. Although she is smart, she is spoiled, and Molchalin will do what she needs.
However, Sophia, who grew up on sentimental French novels, actually fell in love with her chosen one, saw a romantic hero in the insignificant Molchalin, imagined him as her ideal. “He takes his hand, presses it to his heart, He sighs from the depths of his soul, Not a free word, and so the whole night passes, Hand with hand, and does not take his eyes off me,” - this is how a young man in love should behave in her eyes. As it seems to her, she has found a suitable submissive and timid chosen one. She does not need the passionate, passionate and crazy love of Chatsky, because once he had already left her, left, leaving her bored. The girl still cannot forgive the hero for "hunting to wander": "if someone loves whom, Why look for the mind, and travel so far?" Because of this resentment, blinded by "fictitious love", Sophia does not notice the stupidity of Molchalin, turns all his vices into virtues, largely because they are opposite to Chatsky's traits. She appreciates that Molchalin "is ready to forget himself for others, the enemy of insolence is always shy, timid." Sophia understands that “there is no such mind in him,” but she does not need such a mind, because “will such a mind make the family happy?” The girl loves and therefore is deprived of the opportunity to reason sensibly, does not see that all the positive qualities that she likes so much in Molchalin are explained by his prudence and indifference, cannot distinguish his fake feeling from Chatsky's sincere love.
The image of Sophia is extremely ambiguous. Her main “woe” is that she fell in love with a person without seeing his true appearance, only under the influence of romantic works and the laws that have developed in society. So the openness, the naivety of her soul turns against herself.
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Why does Sophia prefer the fool Molchalin to the clever Chatsky?
At the heart of the comedy A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit" is an ideological clash of two different generations, representatives of the "past century" and "present century". However, not all characters in the play can be assessed unambiguously.
Sofia Pavlovna Famusova is an extraordinary person. In the words of the author himself, she is “not stupid herself” and in many ways is opposed to noble society. This is the only character close to the main character Chatsky, who is on an equal footing with him. Sophia by nature has a lively mind, strong character, courage, independent of other people's opinions. The girl received a good education and, despite the anger of her father (“to collect all the books, but burn them”, “learning is the plague”), spends a lot of time reading. Sophia lives with a strong and real feeling,follows the dictates of his heart: “What is the rumor to me? Whoever wants, so judges ". Why did such a deep girl prefer the soulless careerist Molchalin to the ardent Chatsky?
Sophia was greatly influenced by the atmosphere of the Famus society that raised her. She has to build her life according to generally accepted patterns, and, like the ladies of her circle, dominating society and family, she dreams of a “servant husband”. It is precisely such a hero that Molchalin is, striving to "serve" more influential people ("should not dare to have his own opinion"). He is convenient for her, because the girl sees in him only a soft, quiet, modest, meek, without sins person. Although she is smart, she is spoiled, and Molchalin will do what she needs.
However, Sophia, who grew up on sentimental French novels, actually fell in love with her chosen one, saw a romantic hero in the insignificant Molchalin, imagined him as her ideal. “He takes his hand, presses it to his heart, He sighs from the depths of his soul, Not a free word, and so the whole night passes, Hand with hand, and does not take his eyes off me,” - this is how a young man in love should behave in her eyes. As it seems to her, she has found a suitable submissive and timid chosen one. She does not need the passionate, passionate and crazy love of Chatsky, because once he had already left her, left, leaving her bored. The girl still cannot forgive the hero for “hunting to wander”: “if someone loves whom, Why look for the mind, and travel so far? Because of this resentment, blinded by "fictitious love", Sophia does not notice the stupidity of Molchalin, turns all his vices into virtues, largely because they are opposite to Chatsky's traits.She appreciates that Molchalin "is ready to forget himself for others, the enemy of insolence is always shy, timid." Sophia understands that “there is no such mind in him,” but she does not need such a mind, because “will such a mind make the family happy?” The girl loves and therefore is deprived of the opportunity to reason sensibly, does not see that all the positive qualities that she likes so much in Molchalin are explained by his prudence and indifference, cannot distinguish his fake feeling from Chatsky's sincere love.
The image of Sophia is extremely ambiguous. Her main “woe” is that she fell in love with a person without seeing his true appearance, only under the influence of romantic works and the laws that have developed in society. So the openness, the naivety of her soul turns against herself.
