b) The most popular female names today:
c) "Complete" dictionary of modern Chechen names:seven thousand names and variants
2200 male names (together with 4700 variants), 1200 female names (with 2500 variants)
The most significant books and scientific publications about Chechen names:
1) The secret of names. Vainakhs, Arabs and Islam (Bagaev M.Kh.)
// The book with this title was written in 1994 and was published in a small edition the same year. Only a few copies have survived to this day. In 2015, the editor-in-chief of the popular Nana magazine, Lula Zhumalaeva, decided to publish an abridged version of the book on the pages of the magazine (in print and electronic versions, No. 5-6, 7-8, 9-10 / 2015).
2) The history of Chechnya in a mirror reflection of proper names (Ibragimov K.Kh.)
3) Arabic names in the Chechen language (Almurzaeva P.Kh.)// The article "Names-Arabisms in the Chechen language" was published in the journal "Philological Sciences. Questions of Theory and Practice. Tambov, Gramota Publishing House, 2016, No. 9 (63), part 2, pp. 63-66, ISSN 1997-2911 // The author of the article is the Deputy Dean of the Faculty of Foreign Languages of the Chechen State University, Candidate of Philology, Associate Professor Almurzaeva Petimat Khalidovna.
Oriental names. Etymology (Bibulatov N.S.)// We offer you an excerpt from the book "Chechen Names", published in 1991. The author of this book is Candidate of Philological Sciences Bibulatov Nurdin Saipudinovich. In it you will find almost 40 names popular among peoples who profess Islam.
4) Gender studies in Chechen linguistics(Bakhaeva L.M.)
// The article was published in the journal "Bulletin of the Stavropol State University: Philological Sciences. - 2007. - No. 53, pp. 111-117). It is posted on this site in an abbreviated form (only parts I and IV). Author Bakhaeva Leila Muharbekovna, Senior Lecturer, Department of Russian and Chechen Language, Grozny State Oil Institute.
5) Reflection of anthroponymy in the life of the Chechen people(from the thesis of T.M. Shavlaeva)
// Shavlaeva Tamara Magamedovna - Associate Professor of the Department of Cultural Studies of the Chechen State. University, Candidate of Historical Sciences // Here are several fragments from her doctoral dissertation on the topic: "From the history of the development of the culture of economic activity of the Chechen people (XIX-early XX centuries)". Specialty 07.00.07 Ethnography, ethnology, anthropology, 2017
6) Chechen and Ingush national traditions of naming(Khasbulatova Z.I.)
// Khasbulatova Zulay Imranovna - Professor of the Chechen State University, Leading Researcher of the Department of Ethnology of the Institute for Humanitarian Research of the Academy of Sciences of the Chechen Republic// Here are some excerpts from her doctoral thesis: "The traditional culture of raising children among the Chechens (XIX - early XX century)". Specialty 07.00.07 - Ethnography, ethnology, anthropology, 2015
7) A large amount of factual material on the original Chechen names and surnames is concentrated in the monograph "Chechens in the Mirror of Tsarist Statistics (1860-1900)".// Its author Ibragimova Zarema Khasanovna. The book was published in 2000, republished in 2006, Moscow, Probel Publishing House, 244 pages, ISBN 5-98604-066-X. .
You will also find a selection of original Chechen names in the book "Chechen Weapons"// Author Isa Askhabov, pdf, 66 pages // on pages 49-57 the names of Chechen gunsmiths of the 18th-20th centuries are given, and on pages 15-16 it is said about the names of damask steel, which became male names (Khazbolat, Jambolat, etc.)
8) Structural-grammatical types of personal namesoriginal fund of the Chechen language
// Article "Structural and grammatical types of personal names of the original fund of the Chechen language", published in the journal Bulletin of the Institute of Educational Problems of the Chechen Republic, Issue. 7, 2009, Grozny// Author Aldieva Zura Abuevna - candidate of philological sciences, associate professor of the Russian language department of the Chechen State Pedagogical University.
9) Section "Names of the Nakh languages: Chechen and Ingush names" (pp. 364-382) in the "Reference book of personal names of the peoples of the RSFSR"// Ed. A.V. Superanskaya, Moscow, Publishing house "Russian language", 1987, first edition, 1979, section authors Yu.D. Desheriev and Kh. Oshaev, based on materials from the Chechen-Ingush Research Institute).
10) Collection "Consolidated Dictionary of Personal Names of the Peoples of the North Caucasus". Moscow, publishing house "Nauka" / "Flinta", 2012// author of the project and head of the team of authors Roza Yusufovna Namitokova, Doctor of Philology, Professor of the Adyghe State University. University. // of greatest interest to us is the section "Vainakh: Ingush and Chechen names"(pp. 133-157) and section "Personal names of the eastern origin of the peoples of the North Caucasus"(pp. 399-484). Whole book - .
11) The largest collection of Chechen personal names - 5000 names and variants was collected by Bibulatov Nurdin Saypudinovich(philologist, specialist in grammar and anthroponymy of the Chechen language). The book "Chechen names" was completed by him in 1990, and the next year - printed. For obvious reasons, only a few copies have survived to this day. Today you can get acquainted with the book only here, on the site "Thousand Names". Just keep in mind that many of the names are "obsolete" and are practically not found today. Read a book.
Be sure to go to the "Muslim Names" section of this site - you will find a lot of useful information.
Chechens are a heroic, proud people who value their foundations and history. Chechen male names reflect the strength and spirit of the people, personify male power and honor. Among the names and nicknames of this people you will not find diminutive formulations and translations, each name reflects the meaning of masculinity and stature.
For example, Chechen male names often mean representatives of the animal world with pronounced strong-willed characteristics.
Animal world
- Bula, or Bull - from Chechen is translated as "bison".
- Borz, or Buorz, is a wolf respected by all the Chechen people.
- Scrap, Lomma - a lion and some derivatives of this word.
- Tskhogal is a cunning fox, this name personifies a person who is inclined to dodge responsibility.
- Kuyra is a hawk, a name for proud and keen-eyed men.
- Makkhal is a kite, warlike and well-aimed warrior.
- Lecha is a falcon, a proud, arrogant bird.
- Arzu - an eagle, a man of high flight.
Often, Chechen male names in translation mean a guide to action, like parting words from parents and a good wish. This is especially true of examples of the birth of weakened babies, whose lives are in danger. They are given names with wishes for a long or healthy life.
Wishes
- Waha - in translation - "live".
- Dukhavaha - "live long"!
- Wahiita - "Let this baby live."
- Visiyata - "Let him stay."
There were also cases when a newborn was given some characteristic in a name.
Character score
- Masa - means "fast, frisky".
- Dika - "that's a good guy."
- Myrsalt - "brave boy (man)".
It is a pity that many Chechen names are forgotten today. Although they carry such valuable and interesting speech turns from the native language of the people.
Also, many Chechen male names carry a symbolic Muslim meaning. They are borrowed from the Arabs and history. These are the names that belonged to the companions and contemporaries of the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him).
Names from the Sunnah of Muslims
- Muhammad (Mohmad, Mahmud, Muhammad, Magomed, Magamat) - the name of the Prophet Muhammad, translated means "glorified" or "glorious."
- Abbas is the name of the uncle of the prophet. Meaning - severe, gloomy gloomy.
- Abdulrahman - this name means "servant of the Merciful Lord." Favorite name of Muslims, an attribute of any true believer.
- Ali is the name of a friend and son-in-law of the Prophet Muhammad, the fourth Islamic world. And its meanings are "exalted", "leading", "supreme".
Chechen male names, borrowed from the Arabs before the emergence of the history of Islam
According to customs, the names of Chechen boys are given with a certain attitude and parting words. It is believed that the name reflects the character, will, spirit of its bearer. Therefore, most of all with a strong-willed and courageous orientation.
Naming is the first, main event in the life of a newborn baby. Many people believed and still believe that the name plays an important role in the fate of a person. Therefore, the Chechens, like many representatives of other nationalities, treated this event with great seriousness and attention. But times pass and the legacy is lost, just like many of the traditions of the concept of Islam. In our time, the name is sometimes the only sign by which we can assume what denomination and sometimes nationality this or that person is.
Names are the historical heritage of the people. Unfortunately, many original Chechen names are undeservedly forgotten and become a thing of the past. Names carry a part of the history, culture, faith of their people.
Classification of names by origin
Some traditional Chechen names, which arose on the basis of his original lexical fund, reflect the attitude to the surrounding life. There are also specific names associated with the plant and animal worlds or which are attributive names. There are also names borrowed from other languages.
The next part of the names, which is by far the most common, are names of oriental origin. They took root in the territory of the Chechen people for the most part during the spread of Islam. Basically, these are the names of the Prophets and Messengers, the Prophet Muhammad. His associates, students, followers. Also, based on many hadiths, we learn that the best names are those consisting of the prefix "Abd" - a slave and one of the epithets of Allah. For example, Abdullah is the servant of Allah, Abdurrahman is the servant of the Merciful.
The most common names.
Modern Chechen names include both native Chechen anthroponyms and those borrowed from Persian, Arabic and Russian. The original names often denote birds and animals: Lecha (“falcon”), Kokha (“dove”), Kuyra (“hawk”), Tskhogal (“fox”), Cha (“bear”).
But more often they reflect a specific verb form: Vakha - “live”, Yahiita - “let live”. Often there are beautiful Chechen names formed from participles and adjectives: Dika - “good”. These anthroponyms reflect the attitude of people to life, flora and fauna: Zelimzan (“healthy, real”), Lu (“roe deer”), Mayrsault (“brave”), Nokhcho (“Chechen”), Suli (“Dagestan”). Such names are not as popular today as those borrowed from neighbors.
Names borrowed from other cultures
A lot of Chechen names were borrowed from Arabic and Persian languages: Ali, Umar, Yakub, Magomed, Akhmat, Shamsuddin, Sayfulla, Mukhsin, Ihsan, Zaman - common Chechen male names. And female: Jamila, Zuhra, Maimuna, Nazira, Savda, Leila, Amanat, Rebiat, Safiyya, Fazil, Halima, Yasmin. Names can also be compound, in which elements such as “bek” or “soltan” are attached to the main part. This part can be at the beginning or at the end.
Many Chechen female names were also borrowed from Russian: Liza, Raisa, Rosa, Louise, Zinaida, Zhanna, Tamara, Dasha and others. Often, the diminutive form of the name is recorded as the official one. For example, Sasha or Zhenya, which is quite common among mountain peoples.
Depending on the dialect spoken by the inhabitants of Chechnya, the pronunciation and even spelling of the same name varies: Akhmad - Akhmat, Yunus - Yunas, Abuyazid - Abuyazit.
Recently, names of Arabic origin have become increasingly popular among the highlanders.
Factors in the formation of Chechen names
Original Nakh names reflect the attitude to the surrounding life. The Chechen language has a certain number of personal names that have arisen on the basis of its original lexical fund. These names are very specific and related to flora and fauna and attribute names. Original names represent the most ancient layer in Chechen anthroponymy, they are the property of the Chechen language and rarely penetrate into other languages.
Significant reflection in the personal Chechen names receives the animal world:
God (buozh) - a goat;
Bula (bul) - bison;
Borz (buorz) - wolf;
Ovlur - lamb of winter cattle;
Other names of predatory animals are used as nicknames that reflect one or another trait of a person:
Cha is a bear;
Peel - elephant;
Nal - boar;
Boar - strength is emphasized;
Tskhogal - a fox, cunning, flattery, servility are emphasized;
Dhaka - a mouse, the ability to go everywhere and avoid trouble is emphasized;
Tsitsig - a cat;
Lu (lu) - roe deer;
Sai - a deer, elegance, beauty, grace are emphasized;
Often in Chechen names there are names of domestic and wild birds:
Khokha - dove;
Moma (muom) - partridge;
Chovka - rook;
Kuyra - hawk;
Durgali - white-bellied swift;
Makkhal - kite;
Olhazar - a bird;
Hyoza - sparrow;
Lecha - falcon;
Arzu - eagle;
The following bird names are used as nicknames expressing evaluative characteristics:
kotam (kuotam) - chicken;
bad - duck;
kyig - crow;
atyokh - hoopoe;
alkhanca—starling;
The names of insects and reptiles are used as nicknames:
Churk - mosquito;
Moza is a fly;
Zingat - ant;
Sesa - tadpole;
Tsaptsalg - grasshopper;
The formation of personal names from the names of the plant world is a common occurrence in every language:
Zhola - a small shrub;
Dushta (duushto) - ash;
Zezag - flowers;
Zaza - flowering;
Datta - rowan;
There are also names in the Chechen language formed from the names of precious metals and stones:
Deshi - gold;
Children are silver;
Birlant - a diamond;
Jovhar - pearls;
Mokhaz - flint;
In the Chechen language, there are also names that reflect natural phenomena, cosmic bodies:
Marha - a cloud, a cloud;
Seda (shieda) - a star;
Batta - lunar;
Malkh - azni - sunny beauty;
Cameta - camet;
Qilba - south;
In Chechen anthroponymy, a large place is occupied by spell names formed from verbs. Male names:
Waha - live;
Dukhavaha - live long;
Vahita - let him live;
Visa - stay;
Visiyata - let him stay;
Women's names:
Yaha - alive;
Yahyita - let him live;
Yisa - stay;
Such names were given in families where children did not survive. The difficult economic situation, poverty and hunger led to high infant mortality. And then the desperate mountain family turned to names-spells. When there were many girls in the family, they gave names-spells:
Saciyta, Toita - enough, let him stop;
Chechens attached great importance to names. The name was taken care of. Chechens say that "The name is the glory of the strong, the name is the shame and misfortune of the weak."
There are names in the Chechen language formed from adjectives:
Dika - good;
Masa - fast frisky, Mayra, Mayrbek;
Mayrsalt - brave (bek);
Sutarbi - greedy;
Khaza - beautiful, (Khazabika);
Kurbika - proud (bika);
More about Nakh names
The semantics of many names on the material of the Nakh languages is not clear today. Unfortunately, many primordially and traditionally Nakh names are undeservedly forgotten and become a thing of the past. Yes, life changes and, reflecting these changes, names change, not just the words used as names, but what was meant by these names. There are many borrowed names in the Chechen language from other languages. It is generally accepted that among the peoples who converted to Islam, mainly Arabic names are common. This is not entirely true. In fact, these peoples have preserved several dozen names that were worn by the Arabs in the first century after the adoption of Islam. Of the proper Arabic names, only those that were in one way or another associated with the name of the Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and welcome, remain in use. And the names of his associates and students.
Many of the names that the Chechens bear are oriental names, there are names borrowed from the Russian language and through it from other languages. Consider the etymology of some names:
Laila (Layla) - the name means lily.
Malik - the meaning of the name - owning, ruling.
Malika name meaning is queen.
Mansur name meaning is victorious.
Muhammad (Mohmad, Mahmud, Muhammad) - the meaning of the name is glorified, glorious.
