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Portrait of Matryona Timofeevna. Analysis of the chapter "Peasant woman

Portrait of Matryona Timofeevna. Analysis of the chapter "Peasant woman

29.08.2019

ON THE. Nekrasov, a famous Russian poet, in many of his works describes with great sympathy the hard life of ordinary working women.

In the poem “To whom it is good to live in Rus'”, Matrena Timofeevna Korchagina tells about her fate to wanderers who are looking for happy people. Her life has developed, like many Russian peasant women. Since childhood, she has been a hard worker. But all the same, memories of life in childhood are only joyful, since she had, according to Matryona herself, “a good, non-drinking family.” Having married, Matrena went through difficult trials: conflicts in the family (nitpicking by her husband's relatives), hard work, the death of her first child, separation from her husband who had gone to work, eternal need.

This is how her life turned out. And there was both bad and good in her, of course, there is more bad, but this woman found the strength to live in herself. With what pain she endured the death of Demushka's son! And she is accused of the death of a child, and she still has to make excuses! Matryona Timofeevna. So she forgives grandfather Savely his oversight, which led to the death of her first son. Instead of another son, Matryona is punished and lies under the rods, suffers shame and humiliation for the sake of the child, and after punishment goes to the river and cries. When it became known that Matryona's husband was being taken into the soldiers, she went to the governor's wife, threw herself at her feet, and her husband was saved. Matryona is considered "lucky" in the village. But new troubles come instead of happiness. Such a share, like that of Matryona, fell to many. And there is no time to worry for a long time - you have to feed your family. They lived, accumulating grief and despair.

Nekrasov lovingly describes the portrait of this working woman, her beauty. She has big eyes, gray hair. Nekrasov sees the main advantage of a Russian woman in her ability to be a good mother, to take care of children, despite all the difficulties.

The image of Matryona Timofeevna in Nekrasov's poem turned out to be truly Russian thanks to songs, proverbs, sayings, the use of expressive means of the language: epithets, synonyms, comparisons. She laments over her dead son: “Fall, my tears, ... right on the heart of my villain!”

Matrena lived her life in constant work and struggle for her family. The author concludes: there is no happiness in Rus' for a peasant woman.

Nekrasov for the first time in literature so deeply and truthfully depicted a Russian woman, showed the features of the national character of Russian women. Living in inhuman, slavish conditions, oppressed and humiliated, they retained a pure soul, strong will, tenderness, love, fidelity. These qualities help them live and believe.

Option 2

The people are the entire population of the country. For N. A. Nekrasov, this is, first of all, the peasantry. The writer sympathized with the people, found in them the best human virtues, considered himself indebted to them for all his difficult life circumstances.

The image of a peasant woman, Matryona Timofeevna Korchagina, in Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov’s poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'” plays an important role, he appears in one of the parts of the work called “Peasant Woman”.

Matryona Timofeevna felt truly happy only when she was in her parents' house, in a wonderful peasant family, where the father and mother took care of their daughter, affectionately addressed her as "kasatushka". Being a member of a working-class family, Matryona had to do hard work from an early age, allocate little time for children's fun. Despite this, the peasant woman cherished the time she spent in her home, often recalled it with sadness.

Many guys looked at the hardworking Matryona. The girl was given to a man from another village. The house in which Matryona ends up is incomparable with her parents. The unfriendly family does not respect the new family member, calls the girl "drowsy, drowsy, messy", despite her great efforts. The husband was cruel to Matryona, beat her: "the whip whistled, blood spurted."

The only joy in a dysfunctional family life was the birth of a child. This event serves as a consolation for the peasant woman. The need to work does not make it possible to independently raise Matryona's firstborn, she has to leave him in the care of an old man who once overlooked a child. The death of a child becomes a tragedy for a poor peasant woman.

The death of the firstborn did not break Matryona, she continues to live, to protect her children and family. So she takes upon herself the punishment of her son, Fedot, who lost a sheep while grazing, stands up for her husband, whom they want to take to the soldiers, asking the governor for help.

The image of Matryona cannot be called happy. Not everyone is able to withstand the difficulties that the peasant woman had to endure, to sacrifice themselves for the sake of others, so the heroine is admired.

The writer endowed Matryona with all the features of peasant women in order to show the life of the people as a whole. And now the reader is presented with a strong woman, an honest wife, hard-working, purposeful, gentle and simple.

Composition about Matryona

The Russian peasant woman is a character in various works by Nekrasov. All of them are imbued with sympathy for her fate. However, the peasant woman appears before us not only tortured by hard work, but also in the form of a “stately Slav woman”, who has high moral qualities, endured life's troubles and loves her family. Such is Matrena Timofeevna Korchagina.

Kindness, pleasant appearance, ingenuity, the glory of a lucky woman are inherent in this woman. We see how Nekrasov shows the life of Matryona from childhood to meeting with the seekers of a happy fate. It is interesting how the author portrays her thoughts and feelings, as well as the emotional upheavals that left a big mark on her life. It was especially difficult for her after the death of Demushka's first son.

At the beginning of the poem, which speaks of the tragic death of a child, the image of a bird is described, which inconsolably cries for its chicks who died during a thunderstorm. It helps the reader to understand the tragedy of the peasant mother. However, when the corpse of Demushka is opened, Matrena Timofeevna finds herself in the grip of hopelessness and rage. In her curses to the villains and executioners, she had a plan of revenge. And therefore, foreseeing such a situation, the police officer orders the mother to be tied up.

Saving the youngest Fedotashka, from undeserved punishment, she herself lay down under the rods, without even begging for forgiveness from the headman. She bore her shameful punishment with her head held high. Only in the evening by the river was the woman able to cry out all the pain of her suffering. Matryona is worried when she finds out that her husband is being sent to the soldiers. Seeing how her husband is beaten with sticks on the orders of Colonel Shalashnikov, and her children are begging for alms, she goes to hiccup intercession.

At night she goes to the city, praying to the heavenly intercessor. Unlike other heroines of the poet's works, she was lucky, as she asked for help from the governor, who helped her. And so, the peasant woman returns home with her husband, who was released from military service, and with the baby Liodorushka. Her heart was filled with joy, gratitude and love. In this state, she sees the world around her better. Matrena goes and admires the natural beauties that are present at the beginning of spring. But, with all her luck and natural talent, Matryona did not become happy. Saying goodbye to the seekers of happiness, she says that the keys to women's happiness are lost, and are unlikely to be found.

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Characteristics of the hero

Matrena Timofeevna Korchagina is a peasant woman. The third part of the poem is dedicated to this heroine.

M.T. - “A portly woman, Broad and thick, 38 years old. Beautiful; hair with gray hair, Big strict eyes, Eyelashes of the richest, Harsh and swarthy.

Among the people about M.T. the glory of the lucky woman is coming. She tells the strangers who come to her about her life. Her story is told in the form of folk laments and songs. This emphasizes the typical fate of M.T. for all Russian peasant women: “It’s not a matter of looking for a happy woman among women.”

In the parental home of M.T. life was good: she had a friendly non-drinking family. But, having married Philip Korchagin, she ended up "from a girl's will to hell." The youngest in her husband's family, she worked for everyone like a slave. The husband loved M.T., but often went to work and could not protect his wife. The heroine had one intercessor - grandfather Savely, her husband's grandfather. M.T. she has seen a lot of grief in her lifetime: she endured the harassment of the manager, survived the death of the first-born Demushka, who, due to Savely's oversight, was bitten by pigs. M.T. failed to retrieve the son's body and he was sent for an autopsy. Later, another son of the heroine, 8-year-old Fedot, was threatened with a terrible punishment for feeding someone else's sheep to a hungry she-wolf. Mother, without hesitation, lay down under the rod instead of her son. But in a lean year, M.T., pregnant and with children, is likened to a hungry she-wolf herself. In addition, the last breadwinner is taken away from her family - her husband is shaved into soldiers out of turn. In desperation, M.T. runs into the city and throws himself at the feet of the governor's wife. She helps the heroine and even becomes the godmother of the born son M.T. — Liodora. But the evil fate continued to haunt the heroine: one of the sons was taken to the soldiers, "they burned twice ... God anthrax ... visited three times." In the "Woman's Parable" M.T. sums up his sad story: “The keys to female happiness, From our free will, Abandoned, lost From God himself!”

Yasyreva Anastasia

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Slides captions:

"…To me
happiness in the girls fell out:
We had a good
Non-drinking family.
For father, for mother,
Like Christ in the bosom,
I lived
well done…”
"…Yes
no matter how I run them
And the betrothed turned up,
On the mountain - a stranger!
Philip Korchagin -
Petersburger
,
By skill
baker…”
Life before marriage
N. A. Nekrasov
Who lives well in Rus'
Chapter "Peasant Woman"
"WITH
big gray mane,
Tea, not cut for twenty years,
With a big beard
Grandpa looked like a bear
Especially from the forest
Bending down, he left.
Grandpa has an arched back, -
At first I was afraid
Like in a low hill
He entered. well straighten out?
will punch a hole
bear
In the light of the head
!»
Savely - branded
but not a slave!
"Family
was the biggest
Grumpy... I got it
From girlish holi to hell
!»
Life in a new family

Slides captions:

"How
written was
Demushka

Beauty
taken from
sunshine...
Whole
anger from the soul, my handsome
Driven away with an angelic smile,
Like the spring sun
Drives snow from the fields
...»
Birth of a child
Death
Demushki
His
death was too hard for her.
N. A. Nekrasov
Who lives well in Rus'
Chapter "Peasant Woman"
“
Keys to women's happiness
,
From
our free will
Abandoned
, lost
At
God himself!”
Life of Matrena Timofeevna
is a constant struggle for survival, and she manages to emerge victorious from this struggle.
Love to
children, to your family
- this is the most important thing that a peasant woman has, so Matrena Timofeevna is ready for anything, just to protect her
kids and her husband.

Preview:

The image of Matryona Timofeevna (based on the poem by N. A. Nekrasov “Who should live well in Rus'”)

The image of a simple Russian peasant woman Matrena Timofeevna is surprisingly bright and realistic. In this image, Nekrasov combined all the features and qualities characteristic of Russian peasant women. And the fate of Matrena Timofeevna is in many ways similar to the fate of other women.

Matrena Timofeevna was born into a large peasant family. The very first years of life were truly happy. All her life, Matrena Timofeevna remembers this carefree time, when she was surrounded by the love and care of her parents. But peasant children grow up very quickly. Therefore, as soon as the girl grew up, she began to help her parents in everything. Gradually, the games were forgotten, there was less and less time left for them, hard peasant work took the first place. But youth still takes its toll, and even after a hard day's work, the girl found time to relax.

Matrena Timofeevna recalls her youth. She was pretty, hardworking, active. It's no wonder the boys were looking at her. And then the betrothed appeared, for whom the parents give Matrena Timofeevna in marriage. Marriage means that now the free and free life of the girl is over. Now she will live in a strange family, where she will not be treated in the best way.

Matrena Timofeevna shares her sad thoughts. She did not want to change her free life in her parents' house for life in a strange, unfamiliar family.

From the very first days in her husband's house, Matrena Timofeevna realized how hard it would be for her now. Relations with the father-in-law, mother-in-law and sister-in-law were very difficult, in the new family Matryona had to work hard, and at the same time no one said a kind word to her. However, even in such a difficult life that the peasant woman had, there were simple and simple joys. The relationship between Matryona Timofeevna and her husband did not always develop smoothly. A husband has the right to beat his wife if something does not suit him in her behavior. And no one will stand up for the poor thing, on the contrary, all relatives in the husband's family will only be happy to look at her suffering.

Such was the life of Matrena Timofeevna after marriage. The days dragged on monotonous, gray, surprisingly similar to each other: hard work, quarrels and reproaches from relatives. But a peasant woman has truly angelic patience, therefore, without complaining, she endures all the hardships that have fallen to her lot. The birth of a child is the event that turns her whole life upside down. Now the woman is not so embittered at the whole wide world, love for the baby warms and pleases her.

The joy of a peasant woman from the birth of her son did not last long. Work in the field requires a lot of effort and time, and then there is a baby in her arms. At first, Matrena Timofeevna took the child with her into the field. But then the mother-in-law began to reproach her, because it is impossible to work with a child with full dedication. And poor Matryona had to leave the baby with grandfather Savely. Once the old man overlooked - and the child died.

The death of a child is a terrible tragedy. But peasants have to put up with the fact that very often their children die. However, this is Matryona's first child, so his death turned out to be too difficult a test for her. And then there is an additional misfortune - the police come to the village, the doctor and the camp officer accuse Matryona of having killed the child in collusion with the former convict grandfather Saveliy. Matryona Timofeevna begs not to do an autopsy in order to bury the child without desecration of the body But no one listens to the peasant woman. She almost goes crazy from everything that happened.

All the hardships of a difficult peasant life, the death of a child still cannot break Matryona Timofeevna. Time passes, she has children every year. And she continues to live, raise her children, do hard work. Love for children is the most important thing that a peasant woman has, so Matrena Timofeevna is ready for anything to protect her beloved children. This is evidenced by an episode when they wanted to punish her son Fedot for an offense.

Matryona throws herself at the feet of a passing landowner to help save the boy from punishment. And the landowner said:

“Guardian of a minor

By youth, by stupidity

Forgive ... but a daring woman

Approximately punish!”

Why did Matrena Timofeevna suffer punishment? For his boundless love for his children, for his willingness to sacrifice himself for the sake of others. Readiness for self-sacrifice is also manifested in the way Matryona rushes to seek salvation for her husband from recruitment. She manages to get to the place and ask for help from the governor, who really helps Philip free himself from recruitment.

Matrena Timofeevna is still young, but she has already had to endure a lot, a lot. She had to endure the death of a child, a time of hunger, reproaches and beatings. She herself says what the holy wanderer told her:

“The keys to female happiness,

From our free will

abandoned, lost

God himself!”

Indeed, a peasant woman can by no means be called happy. All the difficulties and difficult trials that fall on her lot can break and lead a person to death, not only spiritual, but also physical. Very often this is exactly what happens. The life of a simple peasant woman is rarely long, very often women die in the prime of life. It is not easy to read the lines that tell about the life of Matryona Timofeevna. Nevertheless, one cannot help but admire the spiritual strength of this woman, who endured so many trials and was not broken.

The image of Matrena Timofeevna is surprisingly harmonious. The woman appears at the same time strong, hardy, patient and gentle, loving, caring. She has to cope on her own with the difficulties and troubles that fall to the lot of her family, Matryona Timofeevna does not see help from anyone.

But, despite all the tragic that a woman has to endure, Matrena Timofeevna causes genuine admiration. After all, she finds the strength in herself to live, work, continues to enjoy those modest joys that from time to time fall to her lot. And let her honestly admit that she cannot be called happy in any way, she does not fall into the sin of despondency for a minute, she continues to live.

The life of Matrena Timofeevna is a constant struggle for survival, and she manages to emerge victorious from this struggle.

Slides captions:

"Not
everything between men
Find a happy
Let's feel the woman
!»
“...
we don't like that
And there is in the village of Klin:
Holmogory cow,
Not a woman!
wiser
And more ironically - there is no woman.
Ask Korchagina
Matryona Timofeevna,
She is the Governor
...»
N. A. Nekrasov
Who lives well in Rus'
Chapter "Peasant Woman"
"It's not your business!
Now it's time for work
Leisure to interpret
?..
At
an ear is pouring down on us,
Not enough hands, dear."
"And what are we, godfather?
Come on sickles! All seven
How will we become tomorrow - by evening
We will burn all your rye
!...
A
give us your soul!"
"I won't hide anything!"
"Matryona
Timofeevna
portly
woman,
Wide
And
dense
Years
thirty
axles
.
beautiful
; gray hair,
Eyes
big, strict
Eyelashes
the richest
Surov
and swarthy
.
On
her shirt
white,
Yes
sundress short
,
Yes
sickle through
shoulder."
The appearance of the heroine

The image of Matryona Timofeevna, a Russian peasant woman, is surprisingly realistic and vivid. In it, the author combined all the qualities and features characteristic of Russian women - representatives of this segment of the population. In many ways, the fate of this heroine is similar to the fate of other peasant women in Rus'.

Years of living in a family

Matrena Timofeevna was born into a large family. The first years of her life were truly happy. Matryona will often remember the carefree time when she was surrounded by the care and love of her parents. However, peasant children grow up very quickly. As soon as the girl grew up, she began to help her parents in everything. The games were gradually forgotten, as there was less time left for them, the peasant hard work came out on top. But still, youth takes its toll, and the girl found time to relax even after a hard day's work.

The life of Matrena Timofeevna in her husband's house

Matrena Timofeevna recalls her youth. This heroine was hardworking, pretty, active. Such is the image of Matrena Timofeevna in This peasant woman, which is not surprising, was looked at by many guys. But then a betrothed appeared, and the girl's parents give our heroine in marriage to him. The new position means the end of the free and free life of Matryona Timofeevna. She will now live in a strange family, in which the attitude towards this one is far from the best. Giving her daughter in marriage, the mother worries about her fate, grieves for her. The parent understands perfectly well all the upcoming hardships of life, which are destined to fall to the lot of her beloved Matryona. No one in a strange family will show concern for the girl, the husband himself will also never stand up for his wife.

Difficult relationship with husband and family

Matryona Timofeevna shares sad thoughts. He did not want to change the free life in his own home for an unfamiliar, alien family. This heroine understood from the very first days of living in a new environment how hard it would be for her now.

Relationships with sisters-in-law, mother-in-law and father-in-law were very difficult. Matryona in the new family had to work hard, while not hearing a kind word addressed to her. But even in this difficult life, the peasant woman had simple, uncomplicated joys: her husband gave her a silk scarf, gave her a ride on a sleigh ...

The relationship between the heroine of interest to us and her husband was not at all cloudless. The husband at that time had the right to beat his wife if something in her behavior did not suit him. At the same time, no one will take the side of the girl, on the contrary, in the family of the spouse, all relatives will only be happy to look at the suffering of Matrena Timofeevna.

Birth of the first child

The life of this peasant woman after marriage became difficult. Gray, monotonous, similar to each other days dragged on: quarrels, hard work, reproaches from relatives ... But a peasant woman has angelic patience. She endures all hardships without complaining. The event that turned her life around is the birth of a child. Through it, the image of Matryona Timofeevna is revealed more clearly. Now this woman is no longer so embittered because her love for the baby pleases and warms.

baby death

The peasant woman's joy at the birth of her son did not last long. A lot of time and effort is taken away by work in the field, and here a baby is still in her arms. At first, this heroine took him to the field with her. But then the mother-in-law began to reproach her, since it is impossible to work with a child with full dedication. And the poor woman was forced to leave her baby with grandfather Savely. Once this old man overlooked - and the child died.

Tragic events after the death of a baby

His death was a terrible tragedy for our heroine. But the peasants have to put up with the fact that their children often die. For Matryona, this death turned out to be a difficult test because the child was the firstborn. For all the troubles, the police, the camp officer and the doctor come to the village, who accuse the peasant woman of having killed the child in collusion with grandfather Saveliy, a former convict. Matryona Timofeevna begs not to perform an autopsy, so that she can bury the child without scolding the body. But no one listens to the peasant woman. From what happened, she almost

Mother stands up for her son

The death of a child and other hardships of peasant life are not able to break this woman. The image of Matrena Timofeevna is an example of perseverance and patience. Time passes, every year her children are born. And the peasant woman continues to live, to do her hard work, to raise children. The most important thing that a peasant woman possesses is love for children. Matryona Timofeevna, whose characteristics are presented in our article, is ready for anything, just to protect her children. This is evidenced by the episode when Fedot, her son, wanted to be punished for an offense. Throws herself at the feet of the landowner, Matryona, who was passing by, so that he would help save the boy from punishment. He orders Fedot to be released, and the "daring woman" to be punished.

Matrena Timofeevna saves her husband from recruitment

Why does this peasant woman have to endure punishment? Only for the love for children that knows no boundaries, for the willingness to sacrifice oneself for the sake of others. This readiness is manifested in the way Matrena Timofeevna rushes to the defense of her husband, who is expected to be recruited. She manages to get to the governor's wife and ask her for help. She frees Philip from recruitment.

Another young girl is Matryona Timofeevna, but she has already had to go through a lot. This is the death of a son, and beatings, and reproaches, and a time of hunger.

Can Matryona Timofeevna be called happy?

One cannot call a happy peasant woman, who was Matryona Timofeevna, in any way. The characterization of this heroine is entirely based on the struggle with misfortunes. All the difficult trials and difficulties that fall to her lot can lead a person not only to spiritual death, but also to physical, break him. This is often what happens. Rarely does a peasant woman live long. Often these women die in the prime of their lives. The lines that tell about the life of this heroine are not easy to read. But at the same time, one cannot help but admire this woman, her spiritual strength. After all, this heroine went through many different trials and at the same time was not broken, which Nekrasov shows us.

The image of Matrena Timofeevna is surprisingly harmonious. This woman at the same time appears patient, hardy, strong and caring, loving, tender. She is forced to cope on her own with the troubles and difficulties that fall to the lot of the family, and not wait for help from anyone.

However, despite this, Matrena Timofeevna finds the strength to work, live, continue to enjoy the modest joys that sometimes fall to the lot of this woman. And let her honestly admit that it is impossible to call her happy, this woman does not fall into the sin of despondency for a minute. In the struggle for survival, she manages to emerge victorious.

The image of Matrena Timofeevna was briefly considered by us. You can talk about this woman for a very long time. She is admired. The third part of the poem "To whom it is good to live in Rus'" is dedicated to this woman. Korchagina Matrena Timofeevna, whose image was presented in our article, is described in some detail in the work. You can turn to Nekrasov's poem and get to know this peasant woman better.

The mother was crying

“... Like a fish in a blue sea

You yell! like a nightingale

Flutter from the nest!

Someone else's side

Not sprinkled with sugar

Not watered with honey!

It's cold there, it's hungry there

There is a well-groomed daughter

Violent winds will blow,

Shaggy dogs bark,

And people will laugh!”

In these lines, the sadness of a mother is clearly read, who perfectly understands all the hardships of life that will fall to the lot of her married daughter. In a strange family, no one will show interest in her, and the husband himself will never stand up for his wife.

Matrena Timofeevna shares her sad thoughts. She did not want to change her free life in her parents' house for life in a strange, unfamiliar family.

From the very first days in her husband's house, Matryona Timofeevna realized how hard it would be for her now:

The family was big

Grumpy... I got it

From girlish holi to hell!

Relations with the father-in-law, mother-in-law and sister-in-law were very difficult, in the new family Matryona had to work hard, and at the same time no one said a kind word to her. However, even in such a difficult life that the peasant woman had, there were simple and simple joys:

Filippushka came in winter,

Bring a silk handkerchief

Yes, I took a ride on a sled

On Catherine's day

And there was no grief!

Sang like I sang

In the parental home.

We were one-year-olds

Don't touch us - we have fun

We are always fine.

The relationship between Matryona Timofeevna and her husband did not always develop smoothly. A husband has the right to beat his wife if something does not suit him in her behavior. And no one will stand up for the poor thing, on the contrary, all relatives in the husband's family will only be happy to look at her suffering.

Philip on the Annunciation

He left, but on Kazanskaya

I gave birth to a son.

How written was Demushka

Beauty taken from the sun

The snow is white

Poppies have scarlet lips

The eyebrow is black in sable,

The Siberian sable

The falcon has eyes!

All the anger from my soul is my handsome

Driven away with an angelic smile,