Starting with last name Gafferber the material is given without indicating the German spelling of surnames. In other words, the third column disappears. This is due to the fact that at present and in the foreseeable future I do not have the opportunity to concentrate on working on the surnames of Russian Germans. If desired, each interested person will be able to try to restore the German spelling of a particular surname, relying on printed sources or on Internet resources. I hope that in the future I will be able to implement this scientific project in the form in which it was originally conceived.
In the table below, the names of the regions are given in forms at the time the material was collected.
Abbreviated area designations:
Alm - Alma-Ata, Jam - Dzhambul, Kar - Karaganda, Kus - Kustanai, C - Tselinograd
Surname in Russian spelling Areas where met Shaab Kus Shaad C Schaadt Alm Schaas Kus Schaaf Jam Scraper Kus Chabert C Shabrik Kar Shaerman Kar, Kus, C scheibel Jam schaible Alm Shaidman Kus Scheidt Alm Shaydyman Kus Shayerman Kar Shirman Kus Scheifler Kar Shalman C Shalo Alm Shawl Kus Schalburg Alm Chambert C Chamberger Kus Shamne Jam Shander Jam Shandr Kar Shank Jam Sharkovsky C Schartner Kar Scarf Alm Schatschneider Alm Schaubert C Schauer Kar Schauerman C Shaurman Jam, C Shaf C Shafert Kus Shafner Kus, C Saffron Alm Schaff Kar Schatz Kus Shaerman C Schwaab Kar Schwab Kar, Kus, C Schwabauer Jam Shvabaur Kus Schwabenland Kar Schwabecher Kar Schwagerus Alm Schweigerdt Kar Schweigert Kus Schweier Kus Schweitzer Alm Schwamm C Schwan Jam Schwartz Jam, Kus, C Schwarzkop Kus Schwarzkopp Kus Schwarzkopf Jam, Kar, C Schwebel Kus Schweigerdt C Schweid Kus Schweidt Kus Schweikert Alm Schweyr Kus Schweitz Kus Schweitzer Alm shwekler C Schwemler C Schweng C Schwendt Kus Shvendykh Alm Shvenil Alm Schwenk Kar Daggerboard Alm Shwiderik Alm Shwin Jam Schwindt Kus, C Sheva Alm Chevalier Alm Sheveleva Alm Schedel Kar Scheidemann Kus Sheyerman Kar Sheiknecht Kar Shane Jam, Kar Sheina Alm Sheinberg C Shaning Kus Shanefish Kar Shafer Kus Sheifner Kus Shek Kus Shekk Kar, Kus Shelenberg Kus Shelin Kar Shelle Alm sheller Kar, Kus Shel Kar, Kus, C Shemberger Kar shemp Alm Schoenberg Kus Schoenberger Jam, Kus Shengals Alm Shengel Kar Shenhof Kar Shendel Jam Shender Kus Shendrich C Shener Kus Schenerstedt C Shenk Kar Schenke C Shenkovsky C Shenrok Kus Shens C Shentur Alm Schoenfeld Kar, Kus Schoenfeldt Jam Etymologies of some surnames
Basic abbreviations: goth. – Gothic, OE - Old English (the same as the Anglo-Saxon language), other-in.-German. - Old High German, other Saxon. - Old Saxon, other Scand. - Old Norse, N.-German. - Low German, German. - German, see - see (follow the link), cf.-in.-it. - Middle High German, Middle-N.-German. - Middle Low German.
Schaad, Schaadt. German Schaad, Schaadt, Schade, Schad. From a nickname from Wed-V.-Ger. schade- “the one who causes harm, the harming enemy”; "harmful, pernicious", "damage, loss, destruction, evil." Schade occurs 6985 times, Schad – 1912, Schadt – 906, Schaad – 265, Schaadt – 195, Schaade – 97.
Schaaf, Schaf, Schaaff. German Schaaf, Schaf, Schaff. From a nickname from Wed-V.-Ger. schaf- "sheep". So they could call a shepherd, or it was a figurative comparison of a person with this pet. In the telephone directory of Germany for 1998, the surname Schaaf occurs 4733 times, Schaff – 222, Schaf – 152, Schaaff – 138.
Chabert, Chabert. German Schaber, Schabert. From the nickname for the designation of the profession from the Middle-V.-German. schaben- "scratch, grind, engrave, polish, shave." This verb can indicate different professions - a barber, a copper engraver, someone who works with a cloth scraper, etc. Surname Schabert developed from a surname Schaber. In the telephone directory of Germany for 1998, the surname Schaber occurs 752 times, Schabert – 303.
Shaerman, Shayerman, Shayrman, Shauerman, Shaurman, Shaerman, Sheyerman. German Scheuermann. 1. From the title of the position on -mann from Wed-V.-Ger. schiure- "barn" for the caretaker of the master's barn. 2. Education on -mann from the surname according to the peculiarities of the place of residence Scheuer - from the Wed. schiure- "barn" for someone who lives in a barn or next to a barn. 3. Or education on -mann from toponyms Scheuer(in North Rhine-Westphalia, Bavaria), Scheuern(in Rhineland-Palatinate, Saarland, Bavaria). Numerous variations of this surname in Russian spelling among Russian Germans are probably explained by dialect differences and the difficulties of rendering by means of the Russian language. In addition, surnames Shauerman, Shaurman can be considered as formations on -mann from last name Schauer- from the title of the position from Wed-V.-Ger. schouwarere- "caretaker of something." In the telephone directory of Germany for 1998, the surname Scheuermann occurs 2445 times, Scheiermann – 314, Schauermann – 180, Scheirmann – 5.
Shaydyman, Shaidman, Scheideman. German Scheidemann. From the title of a person's position from Wed-V.-Ger. Scheideman- "judge". In the telephone directory of Germany for 1998, the surname Scheidemann occurs 396 times, Scheidmann – 36.
Schwaab, Schwab. German Schwab, Schwabe, Schwaab. 1. Goes back to Wed-V.-Ger. Swap, Swab- "Swabian" (a resident of the historical region of Swabia in southwestern Germany, in the upper reaches of the Rhine and Danube, as well as speaking the Swabian dialect). 2. The nickname of someone who has connections (for example, trade) with Swabia. In the telephone directory of Germany for 1998, the surname Schwab occurs 9842 times, Schwabe – 4115, Schwaab – 585.
Schwabauer, Schwabaur. German Schwabauer. 1. The surname arose by adding from Schwab("Schwab", see Schwaab, Schwab) + bauer("peasant"). So they could call a peasant from Swabia. This etymological version is confirmed by the presence of a surname Schwabbauer, in which consonant fusion b at the junction of the constituent parts did not occur (or it was, but was not reflected in the letter). 2. In some cases, it can go back to naming a person at the place of his former residence Schwabau(Schwabau is now part of the Straden commune in the Austrian state of Styria). In the telephone directory of Germany for 1998, the surname Schwabauer occurs 264 times.
Schweigerdt, Schweigert, Schweigerdt, Schweikert. German Schweigert, Schweikert. All these surnames go back to the ancient German personal name swinger(from other-in.-German. wind"strong" + ger"a spear"). A number of surnames come from this name - Schweiger, Schweigert, Schweighard, Schweighar(d)t, Schweikart, Schweikert, Schwickert, Schwieger. In the telephone directory of Germany for 1998, the surname Schweikert occurs 1144 times, Schweigert – 1041, Schweigerdt – 9.
Schwarzkopf, Schwarzkop, Schwarzkopp. German Schwarzkopf, Schwarzkopp, Schwarzkop. From the nickname of a man with black hair, literally "black head". Surnames Schwarzkop, Schwarzkopp contain the Low German dialect variant in the second part Kop(p) words Kopf("head"). In the telephone directory of Germany for 1998, the surname Schwarzkopf occurs 2051 times, Schwarzkopp – 25, Schwarzkop – 3.
Schweng, Schwenk. German Schweng, Schwenk. From the nickname of a person characterizing his gait. From Wed.-V.-Ger. swenke, swenken- "to swing back and forth." In the telephone directory of Germany for 1998, the surname Schwenk occurs 2659 times, Schweng – 39.
Shane, Shane. German Schön, Schoner. Shane- from the nickname of a person from Wed.-V.-Ger. schon(e)- "beautiful, magnificent, brilliant, bright, white, beautiful." Surname Sheina may be a dialect variant of the surname Schöner, which a) is either a patronymic for -er from the surname explained above Schon, b) either by naming a person at the former place of residence on -er from common toponyms Schöna, Schönau. In the telephone directory of Germany for 1998, the surname Schon occurs 8159 times, Schöner – 1301.
Shek, Shekk. German Scheck, Schock. From the nickname of a person from Wed-V.-Ger. schecke- “tight (s), striped (s) or quilted (s), belt, tailcoat, cassock” for someone who wore these things or sewed them. In the telephone directory of Germany for 1998, the surname Scheck meets scheck times, Schock – 421.
Shelley, Shelley. German Schelle, Schell, Schöll. 1. From a nickname from Wed.-V.-Ger. schël, schellic– “irascible, excited, wild; noisy, mad, mad, mad." 2. From a nickname from Wed-V.-Ger. schelle"bell, bell" for the fact that they were worn on clothes or for the one who made them. 3. From a pronunciation from Wed.-V.-Ger. schël- "a rogue, a swindler." In the telephone directory of Germany for 1998, the surname Shell occurs 3449 times, Scholl – 973, Schelle – 652.
Sheinberg, Schoenberg. German Schönberg, Schöneberg. 1. From the name of a person at the former place of residence from toponyms repeatedly found in Germany, Austria, Poland Schönberg, Schöneberg. In the telephone directory of Germany for 1998, the surname Schonberg occurs 1581 times, Schoneberg – 809.
Shenk, Shenk. German Schenck, Schenck, Schenke. From the nickname of a person according to the type of activity from the Wed-V.-Ger. schenke- "servant pouring, cupbearer", in a broader sense - "master pouring wine, beer." In the telephone directory of Germany for 1998, the surname Schenk occurs 10255 times, Schenke – 1308, Schenck – 648.
Schoenfeld, Schoenfeldt. German Schonfeld, Schonfeldt. From the naming of a person at the former place of residence from toponyms Schonfeld, Schonfelde, repeatedly found in Germany (Saxony-Anhalt, Saxony, Thuringia, Brandenburg, North Rhine-Westphalia, Rhineland-Palatinate, Hesse, Baden-Württemberg, Bavaria), Austria and Poland. In the telephone directory of Germany for 1998, the surname Schonfeld occurs 4559 times, Schonfeldt – 764.
SOURCES OF ETYMOLOGICAL EXPLANATIONS:
- [Instruction 1974] - Instructions for the Russian transfer of German geographical names / comp.: V. S. Shirokova; ed. G. P. Bondaruk. - M .: Printing house of the publishing house "Izvestia", 1974.
- [Moskalyuk, 2014] – Moskalyuk L. I., Moskalyuk G. S. The current state of the German dialects of the Volga region in Altai // Bulletin of St. Petersburg State University. - Ser. 9. - Issue. 1. - 2014. - S. 187-203.
- [Filicheva, 2003] - Filicheva N. I. History of the German language. - M .: Higher school, 2003.
- [Schiller 1929] – Schiller F. P. On the influence of war and revolution on the language of the Volga Germans // Uchenye zapiski of the RANION Institute of Language and Literature. M., 1929. - No. 2. - S. 67–87.
- – Bahlow H. Deutsches Namenlexikon. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1985.
- – Dictionary of American family names / edited by Patrick Hanks. – Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013 (?) // https://www.ancestry.com/learn/facts
- – Das Digitale Familienmenwörterbuch Deutschlands // http://www.namenforschung.net/dfd/woerterbuch/liste/
- -Familiennamenbuch/hrsg. von H. Naumann. – 1. Aufl. – Leipzig, 1987.
- - Gottschald M. Deutsche Namenkunde: Mit einer Einführung in die Familiennamenkunde von Rudolf Schützeichel. – 6., durchges. und bibliogr. actualisierte Aufl. – Berlin; New York: de Gruyter, 2006.
- – Heintze-Cascorbi. Die Deutsche Familiennamen. – 7. Auflage. – Halle (S.), Berlin, 1933.
- - Hellfritzsch V. Familiennamenbuch des sächsischen Vogtlandes. – Berlin: Akademie Verlag, 1992.
- – Kleemann S. Die Familiennamen Quedlinburgs und der Umgegend. Qedlinburg: Verlag von H. C. Huch, 1891.
- [L] - Linnartz K. Unsere Familiennamen. 2 bde. – 3. Auflage. – Bonn, 1958.
- – Luxemburgischer Familiennamenatlas // https://lfa.uni.lu.
- – Meyers Enzyklopädisches Lexikon in 25 Bänden. 9. Auflage. – Mannheim, Wien, Zürich 1971–79.
- – Meyers Grosses Universallexikon in 15 Bd. – Mannheim, Wien, Zurich, 1981–86.
- - Kohlheim, Rosa und Volker. Duden, Familiennamen: Herkunft und Bedeutung von 20000 Nachnamen. – 2., völlig neu bearbeitete Aufl. – Mannheim; Leipzig; Vienna; Zürich: Dudenverl., 2005.
- – Steub L. Die oberdeutschen Familiennamen. - München: Verlag von K. Oldenbourg, 1870.
- - Stumpp K. Die Auswanderung aus Deutschland nach Rußland in den Jahren 1763 bis 1862. - 4. Aufl. – Landsmannschaft der Deutschen aus Rußland, 1985.
- – Telefonbuch 1998 // http://www.gen-evolu.de
- – Telefonbuch 2002 // http://legacy.stoepel.net/de/Default.aspx
- [V] - VADEMECUM Deutscher Lehr- und Forschungstätten, Stätten der Forschung. – 9. Auflage. – Stuttgart, 1989.
- – Surname statistics in Switzerland // http://www.verwandt.ch/karten
- – Zoder R. Familiennamen in Ostfalen. bd. 1, 2. Hildesheim: G. Olms, 1968.
This article provides a detailed analysis of German surnames. You will learn the history of their origin, as well as the meanings of the most common of them.
The history of the origin of German surnames
The history of the origin of German surnames is similar to the origin of various surnames in other Western European countries. The existence of the first Germanic generic names is associated with their appearance in the west of Germany and the XII century. Since the west of Germany was the most developed part of the country, the first German surnames went to the feudal lords. In this vein, their origin is similar to the histories of Russia and Europe, in which the richest class also first acquired surnames. And last but not least, they appeared among the population of northern Germany in the province of Hanover at the beginning of the 19th century. Thus, it is possible to distinguish the period of their occurrence - from the XII to the XIX century. It was at this time that most of the German population acquired generic names.
Currently, in German society, the personal name Rufname and the hereditary surname - Familienname - are used to designate a person's name. Reporting is not used, but when referring to people they use:
Frau + first name or last name - for women,
Herr + first or last name - for men.
Now we will learn in detail about the process of formation of German surnames and identify their primary source.
The emergence of German surnames
All Germanic generic names, according to the history of their occurrence, are divided into groups. Most German surnames are derived from personal names. For example - Hermann, Walter, Peters, Jacobi, Werner, Jacobi. And the minority came from nicknames that characterize a particular person, because surnames were still absent at that time. Here, for example, is the history of some: Braun - Brown (meaning brown), Neumann - Neumann (meaning black, black-haired), Lange - Lange (meaning long), Krause - Krause (meaning curly), etc. There are German surnames, the origin of which associated with geographical names, the name of the area, etc. This method of education is also common in Europe and Russia.
Also, most of the German surnames came from the profession (occupation):
- from the profession of a carpenter - Zimmermann (Zimmermann),
- from the miller - Muller,
- from the profession of a blacksmith - Schmidt (Schmidt),
- from the tailor's craft - Schneider, Schroeder,
- from the occupation of the fisherman - Fischer,
- from the craft of the weaver - Weber (Weber),
It can be noted that the history of the emergence of a significant part of German surnames and the methods of their formation are in many ways similar to the formation of surnames of residents of other states.
Separately, it should be noted a very interesting situation with German surnames in the Volga settlements of Germans, originating in the second half of the 18th century. Then the German settlers, who did not have their own surnames, they were simply assigned en masse, and this process took place with big errors. Since that time, there have been many completely different Russian spellings of the same German surname. Such a process of distortion of generic names continued in the Soviet era, only here political considerations played the main role.
The most popular German surnames - list:
Schmidt (Schmidt), M?ller (Müller), Schneider (Schneider), Fischer (Fischer), Meier (Mayer), Weber (Weber), Wagner (Wagner), Becker (Becker), Schulz (Schulz), Hoffmann (Hofmann ), Sch?fer (Schafer), Koch (Koch), Bauer (Bauer), Richter (Richter), Klein (Klein), Wolf (Wolf), Schr?der (Schröder), Neumann (Neumann), Schwarz (Schwarz) , Zimmermann (Zimmermann).
Of course, who does not remember the most famous even in Russia German surname Müller? Or who does not know the ex-Chancellor of Germany Schroeder? Or the famous composer Wagner?
In addition to the material in this article, you can get general information about the origin of the surname and the mystery.
German surnames associated with the general process of the formation of a hereditary generic name in Western Europe. The feudal lords were the first to acquire them, as usual, in order to legitimize their rights to possessions. Then these were nicknames that supplemented personal names with special signs (Frederick Barbarossa got his nickname for a red beard). At first, surnames-nicknames began to appear in the 12th century in the west of Germany and slowly spread throughout the rest of the territory. Only eight centuries later, all the inhabitants of the country had surnames, the last to receive them were representatives of the lower strata of the population of Northern Germany by the end of the 19th century. Since German surnames are transmitted through the male line, they do not have differences in gender - the surnames of both men and women are pronounced and pushed the same way. However, modern Germans, who pay attention to the harmonious combination of first and last name, cannot be satisfied with such a combination, for example, as Anna Fischer (Anna the fisherman). Then they take the mother's surname or make up a double surname.
Interestingly, in dictionary of German surnames there are surnames with the ending -ov or -ev, which makes them similar to Russian surnames (Badrov, Dorov, Masov). declination these and others German surnames in Russian, it obeys the general rules for changing surnames according to cases.
Classification of German surnames and their meaning
List of German surnames makes it possible to divide them into several groups according to their origin. As in other European countries, many German surnames were formed from personal names (Walter, Peters). Another group reflects the individual characteristics of the first owner of the surname (Klein-small, Neumann-black-haired). Meaning parts German surnames corresponds to geographical names, for example, Bayer (from Bavaria), Behm (from the Czech region of Bohemia). Often people received surnames from the name of a building or piece of land. So Rosenbauer is a peasant who lived on a farm called Rose. If you look alphabetical list of german surnames, then you can see how many surnames were formed from the names of professions and positions - Schmidt (blacksmith), Mayer (farm manager), Tepfer (potter), Müller (miller). Some German surnames have been influenced by local dialects or foreign languages. In this case, their interpretation is somewhat difficult.
List of German surnames shows which surnames are the most common in Germany at the moment.
Popular German surnames and their translation
The list below shows how the German surnames most often found in Germany are translated. These surnames are the most famous and common in this country.
Muller(Müller) - miller
Schmidt(Schmidt) - blacksmith
Schneider(Schneider) - tailor
Fisher(Fischer) - fisherman
Mayer(Meier) - property manager
Weber(Weber) - weaver
Wagner(Wagner) - carriage master, carriage maker
becker(Becker) - baker
Schultz(Schulz) - warden
Hofmann, Hoffman(Hoffmann) - courtier
Schaefer(Schäfer) - shepherd-shepherd
Koch(Koch) - cook
Bauer(Bauer) - peasant
Richter(Richter) - Judge
Klein(Klein) - small
wolf(Wolf) - wolf
Schroeder(Schröder) - tailor
Neumann(Neumann) - new man
Schwartz(Schwarz) - black (black-haired)
Zimmermann(Zimmermann) - carpenter
Brown(Brown) - brown
Kruger(Krüger) - potter
Hartmann(Hartmann) - from the male name Hartmann
Lange(Lange) - long (large)
Werner(Werner) - from the male name Werner
Krause(Krause) - curly
Lehmann(Lehmann) - landowner
Köhler(Köhler) - collier
Herman(Hermann) - from the male name Herrmann
Koenig(König) - king
What German male and female names and surnames are popular? Is it okay to name a baby McDonald or Bremen in Germany? What did the ancient Germanic names mean and did they survive today? It has long been believed that the name of a person performs the function of a talisman that protects and influences the fate of its bearer. Many tend to believe this to this day. So what are children called in Germany? Read all about German names and surnames in our article.
Previously, people of the humble class managed only one name, for example, Heinrich, Anna, Dietrich. This fact is recorded in the documents of the past, for example, in church books, contracts, court papers and literary works of that time.
During the Late Middle Ages, there was a trend when a nickname (Beiname) or a surname (Familienname) was added to the usual name (Rufname). Rufname is the name by which it was preferable to address a person, for example, Heinrich. Beiname is a nickname that a person received depending on personal qualities, appearance, and other things.
Nicknames might have been needed to indicate that out of dozens of Heinrich bearers, it was the curly-haired one: Heinrich Krause could have appeared this way. Also, this step was important for the city administration and other bureaucrats, again to distinguish the townspeople from each other.
An important difference between a nickname and a surname was that it was not passed on to the next generations. It could also be added to the name, transformed from the type of activity of its carrier, the area where he lives, or, again, personal qualities. Surnames are passed from one generation to another by inheritance. Today it can be argued that surnames, as such, were formed from nicknames.
Names
It is conditionally possible to divide German names into two groups - ancient Germanic and foreign (Latin and Greek), which came after the spread of Christianity. Names of ancient Germanic origin include, for example, Karl, Ulrich, Wolfgang, Gertrud. Ancient Germanic names consisted, as a rule, of two bases, each of which had its own meaning. Such names were supposed to influence the fate of a person, patronize and protect him. In ancient documents (750-1080), about 7000 two-root Germanic names are indicated, most of which were male.
In the 11th century, such a variety of names came to naught due to the influence of Christianity and the arrival of new, southern European names. The new religion gradually contributed to the fact that Germanic names lost popularity and fell into oblivion.
Interestingly, in ancient Germanic names, many roots mean war, battle or weapons.
Examples of stems denoting:
Battle: badu, gund, hadu, hari, hild, wig
Weapons: ekka, ger (spear), isan, ort (weapon point)
Basics denoting ammunition and protection:
Brun: chest shield
Burg: refuge
Guard: fence
Linta: Linden shield
Rand: high shield
Roots denoting the characteristics of the battle:
Bald: (kühn) bold
Harti: (hart) strong
Kuni: (kühn) courageous
Muot: brave
Trud: (Kraft) strength
And signifying the consequences of the battle:
Sigu: (Sieg) victory
Hruod: (Friede) peace
Fridu: (Waffenruhe) armistice
Diet: (Natur) nature
Animal world:
Arn: (Adler) an eagle
Bero: (Bär) bear
Ebur: (Eber) boar
Hraban: (Rabe) raven
Wolf, wulf: (Wolf) wolf
The original meaning of many names today is difficult to decipher, since in the connection of the roots some letters of the name were lost over time. However, studying ancient names, one can undoubtedly discover many interesting cultural and historical details. Unfortunately, today the interpretation of ancient Germanic names is rather generalized. Also, in addition to the two-root names mentioned, there were also some single-root ones. Among them are famous, for example, Karl, Bruno and Ernst.
Meanings of some German names:
Heinrich - housekeeper
Wolfgang - the way of the wolf
Ludwig - famous warrior
Wilhelm - reliable helmet
Friedrich - peaceful ruler
Rudolf - glorious wolf
With the spread of Christianity, names of Greek and Roman origin were used more and more than those of Germanic origin. In comparison with the ancient Germanic names, they lacked the principle of dividing into two bases. Latin names with Roman origin are quite ordinary in their meaning and do not carry the grandeur inherent in ancient Germanic names: Paulus is small, Claudius is lame. Often the names of the children were chosen depending on how the child was born in a row: Tertiat is the third.
Traditional and beautiful-sounding names are very unsightly in their meaning, for example, Claudia - lame. Names that came under Greek influence were more cheerful. Amanda is worthy of love, Felix is happy.
For the past five years, the lists of the most popular female and male names have been occupied by Mia and Emma among girls, and Ben, Jonas and Luis among boys.
Other fashionable female names of recent years: Sofia, Anna, Emilia, Marie, Lena, Lea, Amelie, Emily, Lilly, Clara, Lara, Nele, Pia, Paula, Alina, Sarah, Luisa. Popular male names of the last five years: Leon, Lucas, Maximillian, Moritz, Tom, Tim, Eric, Jannik, Alexander, Aaron, Paul, Finn, Max, Felix.
And the most common names of Germany among the adult population (born between 1980 and 2000) sound quite different. For example, here are the most common male names: Peter, Michael, Wolfgang, Jurgen, Andreas, Stephan, Christian, Uwe, Werner, Hans, Mathias, Helmut, Jorg, Jens.
Female names: Ursula, Sabine, Monica, Susanne, Petra, Birgit, Andrea, Anna, Brigitte, Claudia, Angelika, Heike, Gabriele, Cathrin, Anja, Barbara. These names are not very common among young people and you can meet them sooner among the older generation.
In German, there are not many ways to form a diminutive name. The main ones are: -le, -lein, -chen. For example, in the names Peterle, Udolein, Susannchen. By a diminutive name, a person can be addressed in the family circle.
Among friends, at school or university, just the short form of the name is more often used, it is more neutral: Klaus from Nikolaus, Gabi from Gabriel, Sussi from Susanne, Hans from Johannes. As a rule, short names are formed using the -i morpheme at the end of a word.
Today, it is not uncommon for parents to initially give their child exactly the short form of a name: Toni (instead of the full Antonie) or Kurt (instead of Konrad). At the same time, the names obtained in this way are used on a par with the original full forms. The use of short forms as independent names has been officially allowed since the 19th century. It is noteworthy that short and diminutive names are mostly neuter.
And my last name is too famous for me to call it!
As in many other European countries, in Germany, surnames first appeared among the nobility and feudal lords, as a sign of belonging to an eminent family at the beginning of the Middle Ages. Gradually, ordinary, not noble people also received surnames. As in Russian, many surnames go back to designations of professions, occupation, place of residence and human qualities (Kuznetsov, Popov, Volkov, Khoroshkin) or from personal names (Ivanov, Antonov). As for differences, German surnames, as a rule, do not have feminine or masculine indicators, unlike Russian ones, where endings and suffixes almost always tell the gender of the carrier: Kuznetsov - Kuznetsova, Ilyin - Ilyina, Savelyev - Savelyeva. It is worth noting that this was not always the case, and until the beginning of the 19th century in Germany there were special, feminine endings for surnames.
German surnames formed from personal names:
Walter, Hermann, Werner, Hartmann.
Surnames derived from nicknames:
Klein - small
Brown -brown
Neumann - the new man
Krause - curly
Lange - long, lanky
Jung - young
Schwarz - black haired
Stolz - proud
Bart - bearded man
Surnames formed from the name of professions and type of activity:
Müller - miller
Schmidt - blacksmith
Fischer - fisherman
Schneider - tailor, cutter
Wagner - carriage master
Meyer - manager (estate)
Weber - weaver
Hoffman - courtier
Koch - cook
Becker - from him. Backer - baker
Schäfer - shepherd
Schulz - warden
Richter- Judge
Bauer - peasant, country man
Schröder - tailor
Zimmermann - carpenter
Krüger - potter, innkeeper
Lehmann - landowner
König - king
Köhler - collier
Schuhmacher - shoemaker
The 10 most common surnames and their famous carriers:
Müller Otto Müller (1898 - 1979) was a German painter and graphic artist.
Matthias Müller (1953) - head of the VW automobile concern.
Schmidt Helmut Heinrich Waldemar Schmidt (1918 - 2015), German politician (SPD), German Chancellor 1974 - 1982
Schneider Romy Schneider (1938 - 1982), Austrian-German actress, best known for her role in the Sisi film trilogy.
Fischer Helene Fischer (1984) German singer, hit and pop music performer.
Meyer Friedrich Wilhelm Franz Meyer (1856 - 1935) - German mathematician.
Weber Maximilian Carl Emil Weber (1864 - 1920) German lawyer, economist and co-founder of sociology.
Schulz Axel Schulz (1968) is a German boxer.
Wagner Richard Wagner (1813 - 1883) - German composer who wrote the music and libretto for the opera Der Ring des Nibelungen.
Becker Boris Franz Becker (1967) is a German professional tennis player and Olympic champion.
Hoffman Ernst Theodor Amadeus Hoffmann (1776 - 1822) - German lawyer, writer, composer, bandmaster, music critic, artist. Author of the books "The Nutcracker and the Mouse King", "Worldly Views of the Cat Murr".
May I apply?
When politely addressing “You” to a man, they say Herr + (Nachname): Herr Müller When politely addressing “You” to a woman, Frau + (Nachname): Frau Müller
When filling out official forms, they are always asked to indicate Vorname and Nachname. Enter your first name in the Vorname field and your last name in the Nachname field.
In everyday life, the word der Name means exactly the surname: "Mein Name ist Müller."
Interestingly, German law prohibits giving children names as names of geographical names (Bremen, London), titles (Prinzessin), trademarks (Coca-Cola), surnames or fictitious names (as is customary, for example, in the USA). But it is allowed give the child up to five names - while only two of them can be written with a hyphen (Anne-Marie).
Also unacceptable are names that are considered immoral and degrading to the dignity of a child, considered religious taboo or are not given names. If the registry office officials refuse to enter the chosen name, the issue will be resolved in court.
Words and expressions:
Das Kind beim Namen nennen - call a spade a spade
Die Dinge beim Namen nennen - call a spade a spade
Auf einen Namen horen - respond to a nickname (about animals)
Unter falschem Namen - under a false name
Mein Name ist Hase - my hut on the edge
Natalia Khametshina, Deutsch Online
Oleg and Valentina Svetovid are mystics, experts in esotericism and occultism, authors of 14 books.
Here you can get advice on your problem, find useful information and buy our books.
On our site you will receive high-quality information and professional help!
German surnames
German surnames
List of famous German surnames.
German surnames appeared in the 12th century and developed from nicknames that indicated their origin. Family surnames were assigned primarily to the feudal lords. Ordinary people were first addressed simply by their first name. By the 20th century, all Germans already had surnames, the distinction between the nobility and the common people disappeared.
The titles of aristocrats became part of compound surnames in Germany. Such surnames often include the particle "von", "von der", "von dem".
Most German surnames consists of one word. In 1993, a law came into force in Germany banning trisyllabic and polysyllabic surnames that could result from marriage.
The most common German surnames
Muller
Schmidt
Schneider
Fischer
Mayer (Meyer)
Weber
Wagner
Becker
Schulz
Hofmann, Hoffmann
Schaefer
Koch
Bauer
Richter
Klein
wolf
Schroeder
Neumann
Stellmacher (Stellmacher)
Schwartz
Zimmermann
Brown
Kruger
Hartmann
Lange
Werner
Krause
Lehmann
Kohler
Hermann
König (Konig)
Schlosser
Richtengden (Rigtengden)
German surnames (list)
Eisenberger
Arendt
Auer
Baldwin
Baldauf
becker
Berthold
Bikkel
Bissing
bitner
Blumentrost
Borman
Bromberg
Brugemann
Burkhard
Burkel
Weinzierl
Weiss
Weiss
Wigman
Witte
Vlach
wolf
Wulf
Hartwig
Geibel
Heinrich
Gerkan
Gerster
Hertz
Goethe
hylaine
Himmler
Hirsch
Glauber
Hoffman
hoffman
Gref
Grimm
Gutzeit
Gunther
dice
Dummer
Days
Dippel
Seidel
zaks
Sauer
Zeeman
Zooter
Cantor
Kaufman
Kautz
Cauer
Curbers
Köster
Kirchner
Klee
Koblenz
kolb
Kolbe
Kopp
Kossman
Krampe
Kraus
Cracker
Kromberg
kromberger
Kronberg
Kronberger
Kugler
Kunz
Kunze
Lamprecht
Lange
Langen
Langman
Laube
Lehmann
Lechner
Libert
Lipps
Mayer
Major
Mautner
Möbius
Möllendorf
merder
Milch
Muller
Noteback
Osthoff
Ohman
Pearl
Peterman
Preyer
Preysler
Prepper
Pressler
Purgold
Rauh
ribs
Rennes
Rieger
Riedel
Rosenberg
Rohau
Rutzen
Ryustov
Tappert
Tausig
Toeplitz
Till
Theurer
Ulbricht
Umlauf
Fisher
Von Feuerbach
Franc
Haase
Hellberg
Hippel
Hopp
Hoffman
Hoffmann
Christmann
Zapf
Zipser
Shauman
Schönau
Shetelikh
Schildknecht
Spindler
Spitta
Spurs
Schreyer
Schreyer
barbell
Strecker
Schultz
Schumacher
Schuppe
Erkert
Our new book "The Energy of Surnames"
Our book "Name Energy"
Oleg and Valentina Svetovid
Our email address: [email protected]
German surnames
Attention!
Sites and blogs have appeared on the Internet that are not our official sites, but use our name. Be careful. Fraudsters use our name, our email addresses for their mailing lists, information from our books and our websites. Using our name, they drag people into various magical forums and deceive (giving advice and recommendations that can harm, or extorting money for magical rituals, making amulets and teaching magic).
On our sites, we do not provide links to magical forums or sites of magical healers. We do not participate in any forums. We do not give consultations by phone, we do not have time for this.
Note! We are not engaged in healing and magic, we do not make or sell talismans and amulets. We do not engage in magical and healing practices at all, we have not offered and do not offer such services.
The only direction of our work is correspondence consultations in writing, training through an esoteric club and writing books.
Sometimes people write to us that on some sites they saw information that we allegedly deceived someone - they took money for healing sessions or making amulets. We officially declare that this is slander, not true. In all our lives, we have never deceived anyone. On the pages of our site, in the materials of the club, we always write that you need to be an honest decent person. For us, an honest name is not an empty phrase.
People who write slander about us are guided by the basest motives - envy, greed, they have black souls. The time has come when slander pays well. Now many are ready to sell their homeland for three kopecks, and it is even easier to engage in slandering decent people. People who write slander do not understand that they are seriously worsening their karma, worsening their fate and the fate of their loved ones. It is pointless to talk with such people about conscience, about faith in God. They do not believe in God, because a believer will never make a deal with his conscience, he will never engage in deceit, slander, and fraud.
There are a lot of scammers, pseudo-magicians, charlatans, envious people, people without conscience and honor, hungry for money. The police and other regulatory agencies are not yet able to cope with the increasing influx of "Cheat for profit" insanity.
So please be careful!
Sincerely, Oleg and Valentina Svetovid
Our official websites are:
Love spell and its consequences - www.privorotway.ru
Also our blogs:
