Works about the war. Works about the Great Patriotic War

The most popular books about the war were written by eyewitnesses of the terrible war years:

The three most popular writers who covered the events of the war years:

1. The famous Soviet writer Boris Vasiliev went to the front at 41, while still a schoolboy. His most famous work can be considered the story "The Dawns Here Are Quiet", a film was made based on this book, which occupies an honorable 1st place in our rating of the TOP 70 best films about the war. Boris Vasilyev wrote quite a few interesting books about the war, which later formed the basis of films.
2. No less popular Belarusian writer Vasil Bykov. He, like Boris Vasiliev, was still very young when the Great Patriotic War began. In June 1941, V. Bykov graduated from the 10th grade, and in 1942 he was called to the front. He participated in military battles. Fame brought him works: "Sotnikov", "To live until dawn", "To go and not return" and others.
3. Konstantin Simonov is another famous Soviet military writer. With the outbreak of war, he was drafted into the army. He was a war correspondent and visited all fronts. In 1943 he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel, after the war he was promoted to colonel. Konstantin Simonov wrote not one of the best books about the war. It is not for nothing that his name is often found on our list.

In our list of the best books about the war, you will see the works of famous writers such as Y. Bondarev, M. Sholokhov, B. Polevoy, V. Pikul and others.

Great battles are described in many works about the war. Many historical facts can be learned from these artistic books. Therefore, they are very useful for reading to teenagers and schoolchildren. Patriotism and courage are also described in poems about the war, such poems make everyone think.

The best books about battles and battles

• "In the trenches of Stalingrad" - Viktor Nekrasov
• "The Living and the Dead" - Konstantin Simonov
• "Soldiers are not born" - Konstantin Simonov
• "Last Summer" - Konstantin Simanov
• "Hot Snow" - Yuri Bondarev
• "Battalions are asking for fire" - Yuri Bondarev
• Blockade Book - Ales Adamovich, Daniil Granin
• "They fought for the Motherland" - Mikhail Sholokhov
• "Road of Life" - N. Hodza
• “I wasn’t on the lists” - Boris Vasiliev
• "Brest Fortress" - Sergey Smirnov
• "Baltic Sky" - Nikolai Chukovsky
• "Stalingrad" - Viktor Nekrasov

The heroism of an ordinary person during the war is not so grandiose, no less important, because it is thanks to the Russian people that we won a great victory over fascism.

The best books about heroism and the fate of people

• Sotnikov - Vasil Bykov
• "Vasily Terkin" - Alexander Tvardovsky
• "Obelisk" - Vasil Bykov
• "Survive Until Dawn" - Vasily Bykov
• "Cursed and Killed" - Viktor Astafiev
• "Life and Fate" - Vasily Grossman
• "Live and Remember" - Valentin Rasputin
• "Penal Battalion" - Eduard Volodarsky
• "In war as in war" - Viktor Kurochkin
• "Officers" - Boris Vasiliev
• "Aty-bats were soldiers" - Boris Vasiliev
• "Sign of trouble" - Vasil Bykov
• "Swamp" - Vasil Bykov
• "The Tale of a Real Man" - Boris Polevoy

Soviet intelligence officers made no small contribution during the Great Patriotic War, which is why so many books have been written about the exploits of Soviet intelligence officers. We have selected for you the best books on this subject.

Best Scout Books

• "Moment of Truth" - Vladimir Bogomolov.
• "Seventeen Moments of Spring" - Y. Semyonov
• "Strong in spirit" - Dmitry Nikolayevich Medvedev
• "Shield and Sword" - Vadim Kozhevnikov
• "Take Alive" - ​​Vladimir Karpov
• "On the edge of the abyss" - Y. Ivanov
• "Ocean Patrol" - Valentin Pikul

The role of Russian women during the war. They fought on a par with men, not without reason their heroism is described in the best books about the war.

The best books about the exploits of women

• "The Dawns Here Are Quiet" - Boris Vasiliev
• "War has no woman's face" - Svetlana Alekseevich
• "Madonna with ration bread" - Maria Glushko
• "The Fourth Height" - Elena Ilyina
• "Go and not return" - Vasily Bykov
• "The Tale of Zoya and Shura" - Lyubov Kosmodemyanskaya
• "Mother of Man" - Vitaly Zakrutin
• "Partisan Lara" - Nadezhda Nadezhdina
• "Girl's team" - P. Zavodchikov, F. Samoilov

War through the eyes of children and adolescents. How early they had to grow up.

The best books about the exploits of children and youth

• "Young Guard" - Alexander Fadeev
• "The last witnesses. Solo for children's voice - Svetlana Alekseevich
• "Street of the youngest son" - Lev Kassil, Max Polyanovsky
• "Son of the Regiment" - Valentin Kataev
• "Boys with bows" - Valentin Pikul

Peaceful life before the war years. Romance, love and hope - all this was cut short by the war.

The best books about life before the war

• "Tomorrow there was a war" - Boris Vasiliev
• "Goodbye Boys" - Boris Balter

You might want to add to our list of the best war books. Leave your comments

Hate never made people happy. War is not just words on the pages, not just beautiful slogans. War is pain, hunger, soul-rending fear and… death. Books about war are inoculations against evil, sobering us, keeping us from reckless actions. Let us learn from the mistakes of the past by reading wise and truthful writings to avoid repeating the terrible history so that we and future generations can build a beautiful society. Where there are no enemies and any disputes can be settled by conversation. Where you don’t bury your relatives, howling from anguish. Where all life is priceless...

Not only the present, but also the distant future depends on each of us. You just need to fill your heart with kindness and see in those around you not potential enemies, but people just like us - with families dear to our hearts, with a dream of happiness. Remembering the great sacrifices and deeds of our ancestors, we must carefully preserve their generous gift - life without war. So let the sky above our heads always be peaceful!

Many decades distance us from the terrible events of 1941-45, but the topic of human suffering during the Great Patriotic War will never lose its relevance. This must always be remembered so that such a tragedy never happens again.

A special role in preservation belongs to the writers, who, together with the people, experienced the horror of wartime and managed to truly reflect it in their works. The masters of the word completely crossed out the well-known words: "When the guns speak, the muses are silent."

Works of literature about the war: main periods, genres, heroes

The terrible news of June 22, 1941, echoed with pain in the hearts of all Soviet people, and writers and poets were the first to respond to it. For more than two decades, the topic of war has become one of the main topics in Soviet literature.

The first works on the theme of the war were imbued with pain for the fate of the country and filled with determination to defend freedom. Many writers immediately went to the front as correspondents and chronicled events from there, creating their works in hot pursuit. At first, these were operational, short genres: poems, stories, journalistic essays and articles. They were eagerly awaited and re-read both in the rear and at the front.

Over time, works about the war became more voluminous, these were already stories, plays, novels, the heroes of which were strong-willed people: ordinary soldiers and officers, workers of fields and factories. After the Victory, a rethinking of the experience begins: the authors of chronicles tried to convey the scale of the historical tragedy.

In the late 1950s and early 1960s, works on the topic of war were written by “younger” front-line writers who had been on the front lines and gone through all the hardships of a soldier's life. At this time, the so-called "lieutenant's prose" appears about the fate of yesterday's boys, who suddenly found themselves in the face of death.

“Get up, the country is huge…”

Perhaps, in Russia one cannot find a person who would not recognize the invocative words and melody of the "Holy War". This song was the first response to the terrible news and became the anthem of the warring people for all four years. Already on the third day of the war, poems were heard on the radio. A week later, they were already performed to the music of A. Aleksandrov. To the sounds of this song, filled with extraordinary patriotism and as if torn from the soul of the Russian people, the first echelons went to the front. In one of them there was another famous poet - A. Surkov. It is to him that the no less famous "Song of the Bold" and "In the Dugout" belong.

The poets K. Simonov (“Do you remember, Alyosha, the roads of the Smolensk region ...”, “Wait for me”), Y. Drunina (“Zinka”, “And where does the strength suddenly come from ...”), A. Tvardovsky (“I was killed under Rzhev") and many others. Their works about the war are imbued with the pain of the people, anxiety for the fate of the country and unshakable faith in victory. And also warm memories of the home and loved ones left there, faith in happiness and in the power of love, capable of creating a miracle. The soldiers knew their poems by heart and recited (or sang) in the short minutes between battles. It gave hope and helped to survive in inhuman conditions.

"Book of a Fighter"

A special place among the works created during the war years is occupied by A. Tvardovsky's poem "Vasily Terkin".

She is a direct evidence of everything that a simple Russian soldier had to endure.

The protagonist is a collective image in which all the best qualities of a Soviet soldier are embodied: courage and courage, readiness to stand to the end, fearlessness, humanity and at the same time an extraordinary cheerfulness that persists even in the face of death. The author himself went through the entire war as a correspondent, so he knew well what people saw and felt in the war. The works of Tvardovsky determine the "measure of the personality", as the poet himself said, her spiritual world, which cannot be broken in the most difficult situations.

"It's us, Lord!" - confession of a former prisoner of war

He fought at the front and was in captivity Experienced in the camps and became the basis of the story, which began in 1943. The main character, Sergey Kostrov, tells about the real torments of hell, through which he and his comrades who were captured by the Nazis had to go through (it is no coincidence that one of the camps was called "Death Valley"). People who are exhausted physically and spiritually, but who have not lost their faith and humanity even in the most terrible moments of their lives, appear on the pages of the work.

A lot was written about the war, but few writers in the conditions of the totalitarian regime spoke specifically about the fate of prisoners of war. K. Vorobyov managed to get out of the trials prepared for him with a clear conscience, faith in justice and boundless love for the Motherland. The same qualities are endowed with his heroes. And although the story was not completed, V. Astafiev rightly noted that even in this form it should stand "on the same shelf with the classics."

“In war, you get to know people for real…”

The story “In the trenches of Stalingrad” by front-line writer V. Nekrasov also became a real sensation. Published in 1946, it impressed many with its extraordinary realism in depicting the war. For former soldiers, this became a memory of the terrible, unveiled events that they had to endure. Those who had not been to the front re-read the story and were amazed at the frankness with which they told about the terrible battles for Stalingrad in 1942. The main thing that the author of the work about the war of 1941-1945 noted was that it exposed the true feelings of people and showed their real value.

The strength of the Russian character is a step towards victory

12 years after the great victory, a story by M. Sholokhov came out. Its name - "The Fate of a Man" - is symbolic: before us is the life of an ordinary driver full of trials and inhuman suffering. From the very first days of the war, A. Sokolov finds himself at war. For 4 years he went through the torments of captivity, more than once went to the verge of death. All his actions are evidence of unshakable love for the Motherland, stamina. Returning home, he saw only the ashes - this is all that remains of his house and family. But here, too, the hero was able to resist the blow: little Vanyusha, whom he sheltered, breathed life into him and gave him hope. So caring for the orphan boy dulled the pain of his own grief.

The story "The Fate of a Man", like other works about the war, showed the true strength and beauty of the Russian people, the ability to resist any obstacles.

Is it easy to be human

V. Kondratiev is a front-line writer. His story "Sasha", published in 1979, is from the so-called lieutenant's prose. It shows without embellishment the life of a simple soldier who found himself in hot battles near Rzhev. Despite the fact that this is still quite a youth - only two months at the front, he was able to remain a man and not lose his dignity. Overcoming the fear of imminent death, dreaming of getting out of the hell in which he found himself, he does not think about himself for a minute when it comes to the lives of other people. His humanism is manifested even in relation to an unarmed captured German, whom his conscience does not allow him to shoot. Artistic works about the war, like "Sashka", tell about simple and brave guys who did hard work in the trenches and in difficult relationships with others and thus decided the fate of their own and the whole people in this bloody war.

Remember to live...

Many poets and writers did not return from the battlefields. Others went through the whole war side by side with the soldiers. They were witnesses of how people behave in a critical situation. Some resign themselves or use any means to survive. Others are ready to die, but not to lose their self-respect.

The works about the war of 1941-1945 are a comprehension of everything seen, an attempt to show the courage and heroism of the people who stood up to defend their Fatherland, a reminder to all living things of the suffering and destruction that the struggle for power and world domination brings.

Military prose is a special layer of fiction. Especially for the significant May days, "Foma" compiled a selection of 10 books from different years about the Great Patriotic War. We invite you to read the works of those authors for whom the war has become a key event in their lives and work.

Vasil Bykov. "Sotnikov" (1969)

The plot of the story "Sotnikov" to Vasily Bykov, a participant in the Great Patriotic War, was suggested by his brother-soldier, whom the writer considered dead. "Sotnikov" is a work about the vicissitudes of the fate of partisans in the war. Bykov is interested in eternal themes and questions about life and death, cowardice and courage, betrayal and loyalty.

Quotes

“No, probably, death does not solve anything and does not justify anything. Only life gives people certain opportunities that they realize or disappear in vain. Only life can resist evil and violence. Death takes away everything.”

“The most exhausting thing in war is uncertainty”

“You can not count on what is not deserved”

Boris Vasiliev. “And the dawns here are quiet…” (1969)

In this story, the writer Boris Vasiliev, who went through the war himself, tells the heartfelt and tragic story of five anti-aircraft gunner girls. The brave heroines, led by their commander, foreman Fedot Vaskov, enter into an unequal battle with German saboteurs.

Quotes:

“War is not just about who shoots who. War is who will change their minds

“A person in danger either does not understand anything at all, or immediately for two. And while one calculation is leading what to do next, the other takes care of this minute: it sees everything and notices everything.

“Stupid things should not be done even out of boredom”

Boris Polevoy. "A Tale of a Real Man (1946)

The world-famous story of Boris Polevoy, who visited the fronts of the Great Patriotic War as a war correspondent, tells about the Soviet pilot Alexei Meresyev, who was shot down in 1942 in one of the air battles. The pilot was wounded, lost both legs, but set himself the goal of returning to duty and achieved this. Pilot Alexei Maresyev, Hero of the Soviet Union, became the prototype of the hero of the story.

Quotes:

“It seemed that the weaker and weaker his body became, the more stubborn and stronger his spirit was”

“All his will, all vague thoughts, as if in focus, were concentrated in one small point: to crawl, move, move forward at all costs”

Konstantin Simonov. "The Living and the Dead" (1955–1971)

The grandiose trilogy "The Living and the Dead" tells about the events of the Great Patriotic War, starting from its first days. The novel is based on the notes of the author himself, made by him in different years, about the fate of people who were affected by the war.

Quotes:

“Sometimes it seems to a person that the war does not leave indelible marks on him, but if he is really a person, then it only seems to him”

“We are all the same in the war now: the evil ones are evil, and the good ones are also evil! And whoever is not evil either has not seen the war, or thinks that the Germans will take pity on him for his kindness.

“War separates people every hour: either forever, or temporarily; now death, now injury, now wound. And yet, no matter how you look at all this, but what it is, separation, you fully understand only when it comes upon you yourself.

Victor Nekrasov. "In the trenches of Stalingrad" (1946)

During the war years, the writer Viktor Nekrasov served at the front as a regimental engineer and took part in the Battle of Stalingrad. His story "In the trenches of Stalingrad" became a real event in the world of literature: the tragic narrative of cruel and exhausting battles became a work that laid the foundation for the so-called "trench prose". Before Nekrasov, few people dared to describe so truthfully and in detail what happened at the front. The writer's book delighted readers and critics around the world and was translated into 36 languages.

Quotes:

“In war, you never know anything except what is going on under your very nose. A German does not shoot at you - and it seems to you that the whole world is quiet and smooth; starts bombing - you are sure that the entire front from the Baltic to the Black Sea was moving"

“The worst thing in war is not shells, not bombs, you can get used to all this; the worst thing is inactivity, uncertainty, the absence of a direct goal. It is much more terrible to sit in a crack in an open field under bombardment than to go on the attack. And in the gap, after all, the chances of death are much less than in the attack. But in the attack - the goal, the task, and in the gap you only count the bombs, whether they will hit or not. ”

“Lucy then asked if I loved Blok. Funny girl. I should have asked if I loved Blok, in the past tense. Yes, I loved him. And now I love peace. Most of all I love peace. So that no one calls me when I want to sleep, does not order ... "

Daniel Granin. "My Lieutenant" (2011)

In his novel, Daniil Granin narrates on behalf of a young lieutenant D., a captain who went through the war and an elderly man who remembers everything that happened to him. Granin, who fought throughout the Great Patriotic War in tank troops, spoke about the concept of his book: “I didn’t want to write about the war, I had other topics, but my war remained untouched, it was the only war in the history of the Second World War that passed two and a half years in the trenches - all 900 blockade days. We lived and fought in the trenches, we buried our dead in cemeteries, we survived the hardest life in the trenches.”

Quotes:

“Life is comprehended when it passes, you look back and understand what was there, and so you live, not looking ahead, where it comes from. Everyone keeps track of their own time. They are in a hurry for one, they lag behind for the other, which is correct - it is not known, there is nothing to compare with, although the dial is common "

“Death is no longer an accident. It was an accident to survive"

“I never believed in God, I knew with all my brand new higher education, all astronomy, the wondrous laws of physics that there is no God, and yet I prayed”

Vyacheslav Kondratiev. "Sashka" (1979)

Kondratiev's story contains a philosophical question about the value of human life. A front-line writer writes about a young man, yesterday's schoolboy Sasha, who ends up at the front. In the most difficult conditions, being face to face with the enemy, whom he captured, Sashka does not lose his inherent mercy, kindness and compassion.

Quotes:

"Life is like this - nothing can be postponed"

“Sashka saw a lot, a lot of deaths during this time - live to a hundred years, you won’t see so much - but the price of human life has not diminished from this in his mind ...”

Boris Vasiliev. "Not on the list» (1974)

The novel by Boris Vasilyev belongs to a special branch of military literature that arose in the second half of the 20th century - lieutenant prose. This book is a true and sincere story of a young lieutenant Nikolai Pluzhnikov. In 1941, immediately after graduation, he went to the place of service in the Brest Fortress. So he ended up not appearing in the lists of the personnel of the garrison of the fortress, which he defends until his very last breath.

Quotes:

“A man cannot be defeated if he does not want to. You can kill, but you can't win."

“He survived only because someone died for him. He made this discovery without realizing that it was the law of war. Simple and necessary, like death: if you survived, then someone died for you. But the tone did not discover this law abstractly, not by reasoning: he discovered it from his own experience, and for him it was not a matter of conscience, but a matter of life.

“He fell on his back, supine, spreading his arms wide, exposing the sun to the unseeing, wide-open eyes. Fell free and after life, trampling death by death.

Svetlana Alexievich. "War has no woman's face" (1985)

The book of the Nobel Prize winner in literature (2015) Svetlana Aleksievich is dedicated to the heroism of women who participated in the Great Patriotic War. “The war does not have a woman’s face ...” - these are all sorts of conversations, memories of partisans, pilots, nurses, underground workers who talk about what they had to endure during the terrible years of the war.

Quotes:

“The war is over, I had three desires: the first - finally I will not crawl on my stomach, but will ride a trolleybus, the second is to buy and eat a whole loaf, a white loaf, the third is to sleep in a white bed and make the sheets crunch”

“Everything we know about a woman fits best in the word “mercy”. There are other words - sister, wife, friend and the highest - mother. But isn't mercy also present in their content as an essence, as a purpose, as an ultimate meaning? A woman gives life, a woman protects life, a woman and life are synonyms.

“The war is over, and we suddenly realized that we need to study, that we need to get married, have children. That war is not the whole of life. And our female life is just beginning. And we were very tired, tired of the soul ... "

“We aspired ... We did not want to be said about us, “Oh, these women!” And we tried harder than men, we still had to prove that we were no worse than men. And for a long time there was an arrogant, condescending attitude towards us: “These women will fight…”

Michael Sholokhov. "Fate human" (1956)

The story "The Destiny of a Man" is based on real events. In 1946, Sholokhov met a former military man who told him his amazing story, which the writer turned into a work of art. The share of the protagonist of the story, soldier Andrei Sokolov, fell to the hardest trials. Once at the front, he ends up in a concentration camp, miraculously escapes execution and escapes. In the wild, he learns that almost all of his family, except for his son, died during the bombing, and returns to the front. On May 9, the most solemn day for the country, Sokolov receives the news that his only son has died. After the war, Sokolov adopts an orphan boy. Sholokhov's story that the war did not break the spirit of a person and did not kill his desire to live and help others.

Quote:

“They beat you because you are Russian, because you still look at the world, because you work for them, bastards. They also beat me because you didn’t look like that, you didn’t step like that, you didn’t turn around like that. They beat him easily, in order to someday kill him to death, so that he would choke on his last blood and die from beatings. There probably weren’t enough stoves for all of us in Germany.”

Valentin Kataev. "Son of the Regiment" (1945)

This story is addressed to young readers. The writer tells the story of the boy Vanya Solntsev, who fights at the front along with adult soldiers. Valentin Kataev shows that heroism, courage and will are inherent in even the youngest participants in the Great Patriotic War.

Quotes:

“Since a person is silent, it means that he does not consider it necessary to speak. And if it does not consider it necessary, then it is not necessary. If he wants, he will tell. And there is nothing to pull a person by the tongue "

"Victory or death!" - said our people in those years. And they went to their deaths so that others who survived would win. It was a fair fight for happiness and peace on earth."

Prepared by Asya Zanegina

(1 option)

When war breaks into the peaceful life of people, it always brings grief and misfortune to families, disrupts the usual way of life. The Russian people experienced the hardships of many wars, but they never bowed their heads before the enemy and courageously endured all hardships. The most cruel, monstrous of all wars in the history of mankind - the Great Patriotic War - dragged on for five long years and became a real disaster for many peoples and countries, and especially for Russia. The fascists transgressed human laws, so they themselves found themselves outside of all laws. The entire Russian people rose to defend the Fatherland.

The theme of war in Russian literature is the theme of the feat of a Russian person, because all wars in the history of the country, as a rule, were of a people's liberation character. Among the books written on this topic, the works of Boris Vasiliev are especially close to me. The heroes of his books are cordial, sympathetic people with a pure soul. Some of them behave heroically on the battlefield, fighting bravely for their homeland, others are heroes at heart, their patriotism is not evident to anyone.

Vasiliev's novel "Not on the lists" is dedicated to the defenders of the Brest Fortress. The protagonist of the novel is a young lieutenant Nikolai Pluzhnikov, a lone fighter, personifying a symbol of courage and stamina, a symbol of the spirit of a Russian person. At the beginning of the novel, we meet an inexperienced graduate of a military school who does not believe the terrible rumors about the war with Germany. Suddenly, the war overtakes him: Nikolai finds himself in the thick of it - in the Brest Fortress, the first line on the path of the fascist hordes. The defense of the fortress is the fiercest battle with the enemy, in which thousands of people die. In this bloody human mess, among the ruins and corpses, Nikolai meets a crippled girl, and in the midst of suffering, violence, a youthful feeling of love is born - like a spark of hope for a brighter tomorrow - between junior lieutenant Pluzhnikov and the girl Mirra. Without the war, perhaps they would not have met. Most likely, Pluzhnikov would have risen to a high rank, and Mirra would have led a modest life of an invalid. But the war brought them together, forced them to gather strength to fight the enemy. In this struggle, each of them accomplishes a feat. When Nikolai goes on reconnaissance, he wants to show that the fortress is alive, that it will not submit to the enemy, that even one by one the fighters will fight. The young man does not think about himself, he is worried about the fate of Mirra and those fighters who fight next to him. There is a cruel, deadly battle with the Nazis, but Nikolai's heart does not harden, does not harden. He carefully takes care of Mirra, realizing that without his help the girl will not survive. Mirra doesn't want to be a burden to a brave soldier, so she decides to come out of hiding. The girl knows that these are the last hours in her life, but she does not think about herself at all, she is driven only by a feeling of love.

"A military hurricane of unprecedented strength" completes the heroic struggle of the lieutenant. Nikolai boldly meets his death, even the enemies respect the courage of this Russian soldier, who "was not on the lists." The war is cruel and terrible, it did not bypass Russian women either. The Nazis forced to fight mothers, future and present, in which the very nature of hatred for the murder. Women worked steadfastly in the rear, providing the front with clothing and food, caring for sick soldiers. And in battle, women were not inferior to experienced fighters in strength and courage.

B. Vasiliev's story “The Dawns Here Are Quiet…” shows the heroic struggle of women against the invaders, the struggle for the freedom of the country, for the happiness of children. Five completely different female characters, five different destinies. Anti-aircraft gunner girls are sent on reconnaissance under the command of foreman Vaskov, who "has twenty words in reserve, and even those from the charters." Despite the horrors of the war, this "mossy stump" was able to maintain the best human qualities. He did everything to save the girls' lives, but he still can't calm down. He recognizes his guilt before them for the fact that "the men married them with death." The death of five girls leaves a deep wound in the foreman's soul, he cannot justify it in his own eyes. High humanism is contained in the grief of this simple man. Trying to capture the enemy, the foreman does not forget about the girls, all the time trying to lead them away from the impending danger.

The behavior of each of the five girls is a feat, because they are completely unsuited to military conditions. Heroic death of each of them. Dreamy Lisa Brichkina dies a terrible death, trying to quickly cross the swamp and call for help. This girl is dying with the thought of her tomorrow. The impressionable Sonya Gurvich, a lover of Blok's poetry, dies, returning for the pouch left by the foreman. And these two deaths, for all their seeming accident, are connected with self-sacrifice. The writer pays special attention to two female images: Rita Osyanina and Evgenia Komelkova. According to Vasiliev, Rita is "strict, never laughs." The war broke her happy family life, Rita is constantly worried about the fate of her little son. Dying, Osyanina entrusts the care of her son to the reliable and intelligent Vaskov, she leaves this world, realizing that no one can accuse her of cowardice. Her friend is dying with a gun in her hands. The writer is proud of the mischievous, impudent Komelkova, admires her: “Tall, red, white-skinned. And the children's eyes are green, round, like saucers. And this wonderful, beautiful girl, who saved her group from death three times, dies, performing a feat for the sake of the lives of others.

Many, reading this story by Vasiliev, will remember the heroic struggle of Russian women in this war, they will feel pain for the interrupted threads of human birth. In many works of Russian literature, war is shown as an action unnatural to human nature. “... And the war began, that is, an event contrary to human reason and all human nature took place,” wrote L. N. Tolstoy in his novel War and Peace.

The theme of war will not leave the pages of books for a long time until humanity realizes its mission on earth. After all, a person comes into this world to make it more beautiful.

(Option 2)

Very often, congratulating our friends or relatives, we wish them a peaceful sky over their heads. We do not want their families to be subjected to the hardships of the war. War! These five letters carry a sea of ​​blood, tears, suffering, and most importantly, the death of people dear to our hearts. There have always been wars on our planet. The pain of loss has always filled the hearts of people. From everywhere where there is a war, you can hear the groans of mothers, the crying of children and deafening explosions that tear our souls and hearts. To our great happiness, we know about the war only from feature films and literary works.

A lot of trials of the war fell on the lot of our country. At the beginning of the 19th century, Russia was shaken by the Patriotic War of 1812. The patriotic spirit of the Russian people was shown by L. N. Tolstoy in his epic novel War and Peace. The guerrilla war, the Battle of Borodino - all this and much more appears before our eyes. We are witnessing the terrible everyday life of the war. Tolstoy tells that for many the war has become the most common thing. They (for example, Tushin) perform heroic deeds on the battlefields, but they themselves do not notice this. For them, war is a job that they must do in good faith.

But war can become commonplace not only on the battlefield. An entire city can get used to the idea of ​​war and go on living with it. Such a city in 1855 was Sevastopol. L. N. Tolstoy narrates about the difficult months of the defense of Sevastopol in his Sevastopol Tales. Here, the events taking place are described especially reliably, since Tolstoy is their eyewitness. And after what he saw and heard in a city full of blood and pain, he set himself a definite goal - to tell his reader only the truth - and nothing but the truth.

The bombardment of the city did not stop. New and new fortifications were required. Sailors, soldiers worked in the snow, rain, half-starved, half-dressed, but they still worked. And here everyone is simply amazed by the courage of their spirit, willpower, great patriotism. Together with them, their wives, mothers, and children lived in this city. They got so used to the situation in the city that they no longer paid attention to either the shots or the explosions. Very often they brought meals to their husbands right in the bastions, and one shell could often destroy the whole family. Tolstoy shows us that the worst thing in the war happens in the hospital: “You will see doctors there with bloodied hands to the elbows ... busy near the bed, on which, with open eyes and speaking, as if in delirium, meaningless, sometimes simple and touching words, lies wounded under the influence of chloroform. War for Tolstoy is dirt, pain, violence, no matter what goals it pursues: “... you will see the war not in the correct, beautiful and brilliant order, with music and drumming, with waving banners and prancing generals, but you will see the war in its present expression - in blood, in suffering, in death ... "

The heroic defense of Sevastopol in 1854-1855 once again shows everyone how much the Russian people love their Motherland and how boldly they defend it. Sparing no effort, using any means, he (the Russian people) does not allow the enemy to seize their native land.

In 1941-1942, the defense of Sevastopol will be repeated. But it will be another Great Patriotic War - 1941-1945. In this war against fascism, the Soviet people will accomplish an extraordinary feat, which we will always remember. M. Sholokhov, K. Simonov, V. Vasiliev and many other writers devoted their works to the events of the Great Patriotic War. This difficult time is also characterized by the fact that women fought on an equal footing with men in the ranks of the Red Army. And even the fact that they are representatives of the weaker sex did not stop them. They struggled with fear within themselves and performed such heroic deeds, which, it seemed, were completely unusual for women. It is about such women that we learn from the pages of B. Vasilyev’s story “The Dawns Here Are Quiet…”. Five girls and their combat commander F. Vaskov find themselves on the Sinyukhin Ridge with sixteen fascists who are heading for the railroad, absolutely sure that no one knows about the course of their operation. Our fighters found themselves in a difficult situation: it is impossible to retreat, but to stay, because the Germans serve them like seeds. But there is no way out! Behind the Motherland! And now these girls perform a fearless feat. At the cost of their lives, they stop the enemy and prevent him from carrying out his terrible plans. And how carefree was the life of these girls before the war?!

They studied, worked, enjoyed life. And suddenly! Planes, tanks, cannons, shots, screams, groans... But they did not break down and gave the most precious thing they had - their lives - for the victory. They gave their lives for their country.

But there is a civil war on earth, in which a person can give his life without knowing why. 1918 Russia. Brother kills brother, father kills son, son kills father. Everything is mixed up in the fire of malice, everything is depreciated: love, kinship, human life. M. Tsvetaeva writes:

Brothers, here she is

Last bet!

Third year already

Abel with Cain

People become weapons in the hands of the authorities. Breaking into two camps, friends become enemies, relatives become forever strangers. I. Babel, A. Fadeev and many others tell about this difficult time.

I. Babel served in the ranks of the First Cavalry Army of Budyonny. There he kept his diary, which later turned into the now famous work "Cavalry". The stories of Cavalry tell about a man who found himself in the fire of the Civil War. The protagonist Lyutov tells us about individual episodes of the campaign of the First Cavalry Army of Budyonny, which was famous for its victories. But on the pages of stories we do not feel the victorious spirit. We see the cruelty of the Red Army, their cold-bloodedness and indifference. They can kill an old Jew without the slightest hesitation, but, what is more terrible, they can finish off their wounded comrade without a second's hesitation. But what is all this for? I. Babel did not give an answer to this question. He leaves his reader the right to speculate.

The theme of war in Russian literature has been and remains relevant. Writers try to convey to readers the whole truth, whatever it may be.

From the pages of their works, we learn that war is not only the joy of victories and the bitterness of defeat, but war is a harsh everyday life filled with blood, pain, and violence. The memory of these days will live in our memory forever. Perhaps the day will come when the groans and cries of mothers, volleys and shots will subside on earth, when our earth will meet the day without war!

(Option 3)

“Oh, light bright and beautifully decorated Russian land,” was written in the annals back in the 13th century. Beautiful is our Russia, beautiful are her sons who have defended and continue to defend her beauty from invaders for many centuries.

Some protect, others sing of the defenders. A long time ago, one very talented son of Rus' spoke in The Tale of Igor's Campaign about Yar-Tura Vsevolod and all the valiant sons of the "Russian land". Courage, courage, courage, military honor distinguish Russian soldiers.

“Experienced warriors are swaddled under the trumpets, cherished under the banners, fed from the end of the spear, they know the roads, the ravines are familiar, their bows are stretched, the quivers are open, the sabers are pointed, they themselves gallop like gray wolves in the field, seeking honor for themselves, and the prince - glory." These glorious sons of the "Russian land" are fighting with the Polovtsians for the "Russian land". "The Tale of Igor's Campaign" set the tone for centuries, and other writers of the "Russian land" picked up the baton.

Our glory - Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin - in his poem "Poltava" continues the theme of the heroic past of the Russian people. "Sons of the beloved victory" defend the Russian land. Pushkin shows the beauty of battle, the beauty of Russian soldiers, brave, courageous, faithful to duty and to the Motherland.

But the moment of victory is close, close,

Hooray! We are breaking, the Swedes are bending.

O glorious hour! oh glorious sight!

Following Pushkin, Lermontov talks about the war of 1812 and praises the sons of the Russians, who so bravely, so heroically defended our beautiful Moscow.

Were there fights?

Yes, they say, what else!

No wonder the whole of Russia remembers

About the day of Borodin!

The defense of Moscow, the Fatherland is a great past, full of glory and great deeds.

Yes, there were people in our time,

Not like the current tribe:

Bogatyrs - not you!

They got a bad share:

Few returned from the field ...

Do not be the Lord's will,

They wouldn't give up Moscow!

Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov confirms that soldiers do not spare their lives for the Russian land, for their Motherland. In the war of 1812, everyone was a hero.

The great Russian writer Leo Tolstoy also wrote about the Patriotic War of 1812, about the feat of the people in this war. He showed us the Russian soldiers, who have always been the bravest. It was easier to shoot them than to force them to flee from the enemy. Who spoke more brilliantly about the courageous, brave Russian people?! “The cudgel of the people’s war rose with all its formidable and majestic strength and, without asking anyone’s grandchildren and rules, with stupid simplicity, but with expediency, without understanding anything, rose, fell and nailed the French until the entire invasion died.”

And again black wings over Russia. The war of 1941-1945, which went down in history as the Great Patriotic War ...

Flames hit the sky! -

Do you remember Motherland?

Quietly said:

Get up to help

How many talented, amazing works about this war! Fortunately, we, the current generation, do not know these years, but we

Russian writers spoke about this so talentedly that these years, illuminated by the flames of the great battle, will never be erased from our memory, from the memory of our people. Let's remember the saying: "When the guns speak, the muses fall silent." But during the years of severe trials, during the years of the holy war, the muses could not be silent, they led into battle, they became a weapon that smashed enemies.

I was shocked by one of Olga Bergholz's poems:

We foresaw the ripple of this tragic day,

He came. Here is my life, my breath. Motherland! Take them from me!

I love You with a new, bitter, all-forgiving, living love,

My homeland is crowned with thorns, with a dark rainbow overhead.

It has come, our hour, and what it means - only you and I can know.

I love You - I can not do otherwise, I and You are still one.

Our people continue the traditions of their ancestors during the Great Patriotic War. A huge country stood up for a mortal battle, and poets sang the defenders of the Motherland.

One of the lyrical books about the war for centuries will remain the poem "Vasily Terkin" by Tvardovsky.

The year has come and gone.

Today we are responsible

For Russia, for the people

And for everything in the world.

The poem was written during the war years. It was printed one chapter at a time, the fighters were looking forward to their publication, the poem was read at halts, the fighters always remembered it, it inspired them to fight, called to defeat the Nazis. The hero of the poem was a simple Russian soldier Vasily Terkin, ordinary, like everyone else. He was the first in battle, but after the battle he was ready to tirelessly dance and sing to the accordion.

The poem reflects the battle, and rest, and halts, the whole life of a simple Russian soldier in the war is shown, there is the whole truth, that's why the soldiers fell in love with the poem. And in the soldiers' letters, chapters from Vasily Terkin rewritten millions of times ...

Terkin was wounded in the leg, ended up in the hospital, “lay down in bed. and again intends to "soon trample the grass without help with that foot." Everyone was ready to do so. "Vasily Terkin" is a book about a fighter, comrade, friend whom everyone met in the war, and the soldiers tried to be like him. This book is an alarm, a call to fight. Alexander Tvardovsky tried to make it possible to say about everyone:

Hey Terkin!

Along with the male soldiers, women also fought. Boris Vasiliev in the book “The Dawns Here Are Quiet…” spoke about five girls, young, recently graduated from school, spoke about each, about her fate and about what a terrible unfeminine fate fell to them. The purpose of a woman is to be a mother, to continue the human race, but life decreed differently. Finding themselves face to face with a seasoned enemy, they were not at a loss. In their own way, they protect this quiet land with its dawns. The Nazis did not even understand that they fought with girls, and not with experienced warriors.

The end of the book is sad, but the girls defended the quiet dawns at the cost of their lives. The way they fought, they fought everywhere. So we fought yesterday, today, we will fight tomorrow. This is the mass heroism that led to victory.

The memory of those who died in wars is immortalized in works of art. Literature is joined by architecture and music. But it would be better if there were never wars, and valiant sons and daughters worked for the glory of Russia.

through the centuries

years later -

who won't come

never, -

(4 option)

There have been many different wars in the history of Russia, and they always inevitably brought misfortunes, devastation, suffering, human tragedies, regardless of whether they were announced or begun slyly on the sly. The two indispensable components of any war are tragedy and glory.

One of the most striking wars in this respect was the war with Napoleon in 1812. L.N. Tolstoy. It seems that in his work the war was considered and regarded from all sides - its participants, its causes and end. Tolstoy created a whole theory of war and peace, and more and more new generations of readers never tire of admiring his talent. Tolstoy emphasized and proved the unnaturalness of war, and the figure of Napoleon was subjected to cruel debunking on the pages of the novel. He is depicted as a self-satisfied ambitious man, at whose whim the bloodiest campaigns were carried out. For him, war is a means to achieve glory, thousands of senseless deaths do not excite his selfish soul. Tolstoy deliberately describes Kutuzov in such detail - the commander who led the army that defeated the self-satisfied tyrant - he wanted to further belittle the significance of Napoleon's personality. Kutuzov is shown as a generous, humane patriot, and most importantly, as the bearer of Tolstoy's idea of ​​the role of the mass of soldiers during the war.

In "War and Peace" we also see the civilian population in a period of military danger. Their behavior is different. Someone is in the salons of fashionable talk about the magnificence of Napoleon, someone is cashing in on other people's tragedies ... Tolstoy pays special attention to those who did not flinch in the face of danger and helped the army with all their might. The Rostovs look after the prisoners, some daredevils run away as volunteers. All this variety of natures manifests itself especially sharply precisely in war, since it is a critical moment in everyone's life, it requires an immediate reaction without hesitation, and therefore people's actions here are most natural.

Tolstoy repeatedly emphasized the just, liberating nature of the war - it was Russia's reflection of the French attack, Russia was forced to shed blood in order to defend its independence.

But there is nothing more terrible than a civil war, when a brother goes against his brother, a son goes against his father... This human tragedy was shown by Bulgakov, Fadeev, Babel, and Sholokhov. Bulgakov's heroes of the "White Guard" lose their life orientation, rush from one camp to another, or simply die, not understanding the meaning of their sacrifice. In Babel's Cavalry, a Cossack father kills his son, a supporter of the Reds, and later the second son kills his father... In Sholokhov's Mole, the ataman father kills his commissar's son... Cruelty, indifference to family ties, friendship, the killing of everything human - these are the essential attributes of a civil war.

White was - became red:

Sprinkled blood.

Red was - white became:

Death whitened.

So wrote M. Tsvetaeva, arguing that death is the same for everyone, regardless of political beliefs. And it can manifest itself not only physically, but also morally: people, broken, go to betrayal. Thus, the intellectual Pavel Mechik from Cavalry cannot accept the rudeness of the Red Army soldiers, does not get along with them, and chooses the latter between honor and life.

This theme - the moral choice between honor and duty - has repeatedly become central in works about the war, because in reality almost everyone had to make this choice. So, both answers to this difficult question are presented in Vasil Bykov's story "Sotnikov", which takes place already in the Great Patriotic War. Partisan Rybak bends under the cruelty of torture and gradually gives out more and more information, names names, thus increasing his betrayal drop by drop. Sotnikov, in the same situation, steadfastly endures all the suffering, remains true to himself and his cause, and dies a patriot, having managed to give a silent order to the boy in Budyonovka.

In "Obelisk" Bykov shows another version of the same choice. Teacher Moroz voluntarily shared the fate of the executed students; Knowing that the children would not be released anyway, without succumbing to excuses, he made his moral choice - he followed his duty.

The theme of war is an inexhaustible tragic source of plots for works. As long as there are ambitious and inhumane people who do not want to stop the bloodshed, the earth will be torn apart by shells, accept more and more innocent victims, and be irrigated with tears. The goal of all writers and poets who have made war their theme is to make future generations think again, showing this inhuman phenomenon of life in all its ugliness and abomination.

(5 option)

The farther from the beginning and end of the war, the more we realize the greatness of the national feat. And the more - the price of victory. I remember the first message about the results of the war: seven million dead. Then another figure will come into circulation for a long time: twenty million dead. More recently, twenty-seven million have already been named. And how many crippled, broken lives? How many unfulfilled happiness, how many children were born, how many mother's, father's, widow's, and children's tears were shed?

Special mention should be made of life in the war. Life, which, of course, includes fights, but does not come down to fights only. The main incredible labor part is the life of the war. Vyacheslav Kondratiev tells about this in the story "Sashka", which "could be called the deepest essential tragic prose of the war. 1943. Fighting over Rzhev. It's bad with bread. No smoking. No ammunition. Dirt. The main motive runs through the whole story: beaten - broken company.

Almost completely did not get fellow soldiers of the Far East. Of the hundred and fifty people in the company, sixteen remained. "All the fields are ours," Sasha will say. Around the rusty, swollen with red blood earth. But the inhumanity of the war could not dehumanize Sasha. Here he climbed to take off the felt boots from the murdered German. “I wouldn’t climb for anything for myself, these felt boots are gone to hell! But it’s a pity for Rozhkov.

I would like to highlight the most important episode of the story - the story of the tribal Germans, which Sashka cannot, following the order, put to waste. After all, it was written in the leaflet: "Life and return after the war are secured." And Sashka promised the German his life: "Those who burned the village, these arsonists, Sashka would shoot mercilessly. If they were caught."

How about in bebruigo? Sashka saw a lot of deaths during this time. But the price of human life did not decrease from this in his mind. Lieutenant Volodko will say when he hears a story about a captured German: "Well, Sasha you are a man." And Sasha will simply answer: "We are people, not fascists." In an inhuman, bloody war, a person remains a person, and people remain people. This is what the story was written about: about a terrible war and preserved humanity.

For decades, this is at least since the Second World War, the interests of society in this historical event have not weakened. The time of democracy and glasnost, which illuminated many pages of our past with the light of truth, poses more and more questions to historians and writers. Not accepting the lie, the slightest inaccuracy, in showing the historical science of the past war, its participant, the writer V. Astafiev, severely assesses what has been done: "Besides what is written in the war, I, as a soldier, have nothing to do with it, I was in a completely different war. The half-truth exhausted us "These and similar, perhaps harsh words, invite us to turn, along with the traditional works of Yuri Bondarev, Vasily Bykov, Viktor Bogomol, to Astafyev's novels "The Shepherd and the Shepherdess", "Life and Fate" by V. Grossman, the stories and stories of Viktor Nekrasov "In the trenches Stalingrad", K. Vorobyov "Scream", "Killed near Moscow", "It's us, Lord!", V. Kondratiev "Sashka" and others.

This is us, Lord!" a work of such artistic significance that, according to V. Astafiev, "Even in an unfinished form ... it can and should stand on the same shelf with Russian classics." We still do not know a lot about the war, about the true price victory. The work of K. Vorobyov depicts such events of the Second World War that are not fully known to an adult reader and are almost unknown to a schoolboy. The heroes of the story by Konstantin Vorobyov "It's you, Lord!" and the story "Sasha" by Kondratiev are very close in worldview, age, character, the events of both stories take place in the same places, return us, in the words of Kondratiev, "to the most crumbly war, to its most nightmarish and inhuman pages." However, Konstantin Vorobyov has a different face of war compared to the Kondratiev story - captivity. Not so much has been written about this: "The Fate of a Man" by M. Sholokhov, "The Alpine Ballad" by V. Bykov, "Life and Fate" by Grossman. And in all works, the attitude towards prisoners is not the same. Syromukhov, the hero of Vorobyov in the 70s, says that nonsense should be passed off as the torment of captivity, and his opponent Khlykin furiously replies: "Yes, nonsense. Prodigal Son" - receive and carry without the right to withdraw. And still many perceive captive as pale sons and daughters. In the title of the story "This is us, Lord!", as if a voice is heard - the groan of the tormented: we are ready for death, for being accepted by you, Lord. We have gone through all the circles of hell, but our cross carried to the end, did not lose the human in themselves. The title also contains the idea of ​​immeasurable suffering, that in this terrible guise of half-living beings, it is difficult to recognize oneself. K. Vorobyov writes about the system of extermination of people who witnessed Nazi crimes, about atrocities with pain and hatred. What gave strength to fight exhausted, sick, hungry people? Hatred of enemies is certainly strong, but it is not the main factor. Still, the main thing is faith in truth, goodness and justice. Also, the love of life.