Drawings in the Peruvian Nazca desert on the map. Nazca lines in peru

These gigantic drawings are distinguishable only from a great height: only flying by plane over the Nazca plateau - that which lies in the southern part of Peru, you can see this "picture gallery" on the ground, consisting of images of birds and animals, flowers and insects. The correct contours of the lizard, hummingbird, monkey, condor and spider are crossed by numerous straight lines, spirals, triangles, trapezoids and other geometric shapes.

Where did this heritage come from, what was the goal of the ancient artists who created desert masterpieces and, finally, what technologies allowed them to maintain the ideal proportions of the drawings, the size of the smallest of which is 46 meters, and the largest - the pelican - reaches 285 meters? These questions have occupied the minds of scientists since the very moment when the Nazca geoglyphs were discovered - since 1939, when an airplane with an American archaeologist on board flew over the desert.

The technique for making all the drawings is the same: the contour of the image is a single inseparable line that stretches for tens and hundreds of meters and often crosses hills, depressions and dried up river beds. Tell me, if you will, without the help of special instruments and control from a height, it was possible to draw all these straight lines, curves and broken lines, without once deviating from the given direction by even half a degree?

Yes, hundreds of meters - the lines of some geometric shapes stretch for 8 kilometers! Not being able to rise high above the “canvas”, it is more than difficult to get an idea of ​​the nature of the drawing and, moreover, of the correctness of the direction taken. And that is not all. Careful studies of drawings and figures showed that all geoglyphs are subject to strict mathematical laws.

How were these canvases created? Like many other geoglyphs, by digging trenches: moving along a given contour, the ancient creators furrowed the desert land, digging the soil along the length of the entire pattern 120-140 cm wide and 25-35 cm deep. Due to the peculiarities of the semi-desert climate, the drawings of the Nazca board have survived to this day.

Another mystery that haunts researchers: how did it happen that the workers digging numerous trenches (recall that some lines are several kilometers long) did not leave any traces of their stay - at least trampled paths? By and large, pundits do not have exact answers to any of the current questions - only hypotheses.

Unless it was possible to determine the time of creation of drawings and lines relatively accurately - geoglyphs were formed before the 12th century, when the Incas settled the valley. This means that the authorship of marvelous patterns is attributed to the predecessors of the Incas - the Nazca civilization. One can only guess about the purpose of creating a "gallery" in the desert. Based on the fact that the huge paintings are distinguishable only from a great height, it is logical to assume that the ancient people who inhabited the desert tried to communicate with the deities in this way.

According to other versions, representatives of the Nazca civilization tried to reproduce the celestial map of the constellations using patterns and drawings or transmitted an encrypted message to someone. One of the idle assumptions is completely devoid of common sense: the signs allegedly inscribed on the face of the earth served as a landing strip for alien ships. One thing is clear: there are still much more questions in the case of geoglyphs of the Nazca plateau than answers - huge drawings in the middle of the desert remain an unsolved mystery to this day.

Considering the huge drawings on the surface of the Earth, the pictures of which were taken from the air, the question arises, could people have done this? The most mysterious place on the planet is the Nazca plateau, which surprised scientists 100 years ago with its mysterious drawings. Until now, scientists have put forward various theories for the appearance of these drawings, but none of them has given an exact answer about the origin of these masterpieces.

Let's follow the research of scientists a little and try to find some explanation for these figures.

The Nazca Plateau, or the pampa as it is called, is located at a distance of 450 km from the capital of Peru, Lima. Its length is 60 km, and 500 sq. meters is covered with various mysterious lines that make up mysterious drawings. The drawings present in this area are images of geometric figures, animals, insects and people of amazing appearance. The drawings can only be seen from the air, as they are huge images.

During the study of the area, it was found that the drawings were dug in sandy soil to a depth of 10-30 cm, and the width of some lines can be up to 100 meters (!). The lines of the drawings can be several kilometers long, while literally not changing from the influence of the shape of the terrain. Lines rise and fall from the hills, but their continuity and perfect evenness are not broken. The question immediately arises, who is the creator of such a picture in the desert - people unknown to us or aliens from distant space? But scientists have not yet been able to find an answer to this question.

To date, scientists have accurately managed to establish the age of this "painting". Scientists carefully examined the remains of plant and organic origin found in the places of the drawings, and found that the drawings were created in the time interval starting from 350 BC. to 600 BC

But this fact is not an accurate proof of the date of appearance of the drawings, since these objects could have got here already later than the creation of the drawings. There is also another scientific theory that says that the drawings are the work of the Nazca Indians, who could have inhabited this area of ​​​​Peru (even before the arrival of the Incas). After the disappearance of this people, not a single historical mention of them remained on Earth, except for burials. And therefore, scientists cannot accurately state the involvement of this people in the drawings.

Let's look at historical sources that mention Nazca drawings. For the first time they were mentioned by Spanish researchers in their manuscripts, which date back to the 15th-17th centuries. In our time, these information sources have attracted the attention of modern scientists, but the most interesting discoveries became available when the first aircraft were created, since the lines of the drawings add up to a single whole and reveal their secret only from a bird's eye view.

The first scientist who discovered the Nazca drawings themselves was the Peruvian archaeologist Mejia Xesspe, who saw part of them from an elephant in one of the mountains in 1927. They began to really explore Nazca in the 40s, then the first photographs of the drawings made from the aircraft appeared. These studies were led by American historian Paul Kosok. But in fact, on the eve of the first photographs of the Nazca drawings, they were discovered by pilots who were searching for water sources in the desert. They were looking for water, but they found the most mysterious riddle of our planet.

Kosok at one time put forward one of the many theories that suggested that the drawings are nothing more than a huge astronomical calendar. For clarity, he cited similar drawings from the starry sky. It turned out that some lines show the direction of the constellations and indicate the point of sunrise and sunset. The Kosok theory was developed in the work of the mathematician and astronomer Maria Reiche, who devoted more than 40 years to systematizing and studying the Nazca drawings. She managed to find out that the drawings in the Nazca desert were made by hand.

The first figures drawn were birds and animals, and then various lines were drawn over these drawings. The scientist also managed to find sketches, which were later embodied in full size. Ancient "artists" used coordinate posts for more accurate orientation in the area and drawing up accurate drawings. These landmarks were located at some points of the figures. If the figures can only be observed from a high altitude, then the conclusion suggests itself that the people who applied them to the surface of the earth could fly. So a new theory appeared that the creators of the Nazca drawings were an extraterrestrial civilization or created an airfield for aircraft.

Subsequently, it turned out that Nazca is not the only place that has such images. At 10 km from the plateau (near the city of Palpa) there are similar drawings and lines, and at a distance of 1400 km near Mount Solitari there is a huge statue of a man surrounded by lines and drawings similar to those of Nazca. On the territory of the Western Cordillera, in the immediate vicinity of Nazca, there are two painted labyrinths of a spiral shape, with different directions of turns. What is most surprising is that a cosmic ray hits here 1-5 times a year and illuminates this area for 20 minutes. There is even a statement of local residents that if you get into this beam, you can be cured of various diseases. Similar drawings were found in various countries of the world - Ohio (USA), England, Africa, Altai and the South Urals. They are all different, but one thing unites them, that they are not intended for earthly viewing.

Conducting excavations on the territory of Nazca, scientists have found another riddle for themselves. Drawings were found on the shards, which showed that the inhabitants of this area knew about penguins. Scientists could not find another explanation for the penguin drawing found on one of the potsherds. Also, archaeologists managed to find many underground passages and tunnels. Part of these structures is an irrigation system, and the other part belongs to the underground city. There are tombs and ruins of underground temples.

One of the theories is the hypothesis of the origin of the Nazca drawings associated with the activities of alien civilizations. For the first time such a hypothesis was put forward by the Swiss writer Erich von Däniken. He claimed that aliens visited our planet in the Nazca region, but he is not sure that the drawings are their work. According to his theory, the drawings are intended to call on aliens who have left our planet. The triangles informed the alien pilots of the presence of crosswinds, and the rectangles of the landing site.

Straight lines in the form of depressions could be filled with a combustible substance and be a signaling device for the direction of the landing strips. This theory is fantastic and is not taken seriously in the scientific world, but even the writer managed to sow doubts about the scientific theories of the origin of the Nazca drawings. It was then that the theory of energy flows arose, which testifies to the connection of mankind with an alien mind. One example is a huge image of the "Paracas Candelabra" - a design on the side of a mountain on the Peruvian Peninsula of Paracas.

Scientists believe that the chandelier is an information source about our planet. On the left side of the figure, information about the terrestrial fauna is hidden, and on the right side about the flora. The general image is made in the form of a human face. Where the top of the drawing is located, the ancient inhabitants of Nazca set up a pointer, which is a scale for the development of civilization. According to the same theory, there is an opinion that our civilization was created by aliens from the constellation Leo. Perhaps the composition of straight lines was created by aliens to mark the runway for their ships.

There is other evidence for this theory. Scientists from England managed to investigate the component of the muscle mass of the Inca mummies. And the results were just amazing. The blood of the Incas had no analogues with the blood types of the inhabitants of the Earth of that historical period. This blood type is a very rare combination...

But of course, that truth is born in a dispute. And so found those who reject all alien theories. In the early 80s, a group of students, taking wooden shovels with them, created an "elephant" that looks like Nazca drawings. But their belief did not greatly influence and in our time there are many supporters of alien participation in the creation of huge drawings.

Options for theories of the appearance of large drawings on Earth:
Animal drawings are created as a memory of the global flood.
The Nazca drawings are one of the ancient zodiac calendars.
The drawn figures are created for the ritual ceremonies of the water culture, and the lines are the direction of the aqueducts.
The trajectory of the drawings was used for sprint races (although it's hard to believe).
Nazca lines and drawings are an encrypted message, a kind of code. It contains the number Pi, radian degrees (360 °), decimal system, etc.
The drawings were drawn by shamans under the influence of strong hallucinogens (although the theory is funny).

No matter how many different theories of the origin and purpose of the Nazca drawings are put forward, the mystery remains unsolved. In addition, this mysterious plateau presents mankind with new mysteries. New explorers are constantly sent to this area of ​​Peru. This area is accessible to both scientists and tourists, but will a person be able to open the curtain of mystery that closes the true purpose of the drawings from us?

Lines and images on the Nazca plateau were found in 1920. American scientist P. Kosok, flying over desert, noticed mysterious drawings from the cockpit. Today, more than 100 "drawn" giant geometric figures, perfectly straight lines, plants and animals have been found on the plateau.

The lines were of most interest to scientists who studied the plateau. They were perfectly even, located absolutely chaotically from each other and "did not pay attention" to the landscape of the area - they passed through valleys and hills, leaving an invariably even trail behind them.

Nazca Plateau located near the cities of Palpa and Nazca, 60 km long. This area has not been irrigated by rain for years. Perhaps this is an ideal area for arranging burials, since it is possible to ensure the incorruptibility of the remains on it. When P. Kusok studied the lines and drawings from the ground, he noted that they were made using an incredibly simple technology. To leave the drawing, it was only necessary to move the turf and stones, laying them in a row. Given that the drawings were huge, they would have taken years to apply. But in such an area, they could retain their original appearance for thousands of years.

The subjects of images are conditionally divided into 2 groups: shapes and lines. There are two types of lines: they are either paired, like tram rails, or they form certain shapes. After studying the plateau, scientists came to the conclusion that the images were first drawn - after that, lines were drawn over them. The accuracy of the lines is surprising - they are so straight that they could be used instead of a level. This is surprising and none of the scientists could explain how without modern aviation technology and technology it was possible to maintain the effect of straight lines at such vast distances.

As soon as these drawings were discovered on the Nazca plateau, the question immediately arose about their purpose and the authorship of the images. Many different theories have been put forward - from alien civilizations to systems for managing the population of the Earth. All new researchers are trying to unravel the mystery of the plateau, and almost everyone comes up with their own version of the purpose of the lines. Today, none of the theories has any advantage over others, since the clue secrets of the Nazca plateau humanity has not come a step closer. Modern scientists also take a different look at the age of these drawings: some researchers believe that the lines were drawn in 200 BC, others - 1700 BC.

Theories of the appointment of Nazca drawings

One of the first to appear was the astronomical theory. It was suggested by the discoverer of the plateau - P. Piece. As the sun went down, he noticed that it was setting exactly at the intersection of one of the lines on the horizon. Further observations convinced the scientist that his guess was correct: he calculated the line of the winter solstice on the plateau. The piece noted that the lines show in the direction of certain space objects (constellations and stars) on important days for astronomy (full moons, etc.).

To confirm the theory of P. Kusok, it was necessary to identify all the images on the Nazca plateau with celestial bodies. Such a task required complete dedication, enormous efforts and time from the researchers. Therefore, P. Kusok enlisted the support of a familiar Spanish translator who accompanied him on trips to South America. Her name was Maria Reiche. Together they made a map and topological plans of the plateau - it took more than 7 years of joint work.

For the first time, researchers received state support only in 1947, when officials from the Ministry of Aviation Peru a service helicopter was allocated for the needs of scientists. From that moment on, Maria was able to take photos of the plateau from above.

For the first time, Maria flew, tying herself with ropes, hanging from the side, taking pictures, and the whole flight she held the camera in her hands. After the very first flights, she turned to an engineer she knew, and he designed something like a suspension to the board. In 1956, all the images were collected, and on their basis a detailed diagram was drawn up. drawings on the Nazca plateau.

In ancient times, the Sun and the Moon served as a calendar for people. Their position on the horizon was determined by the arrival of spring and autumn, the amount of rain, and the timing of harvesting. Scientists believe that these lines are a calendar that uses the Moon and the Sun as clocks instead of hands. When studying the drawings on the plateau, scientists were surprised to find that the Nazca drawings repeat the map of the starry sky and display entire constellations on a large scale. But the most important question regarding Nazca lines remained unanswered until today: who made these images, and how? After all, the ancient people, according to official history, did not have the opportunity to fly over the desert and correct the work of builders.

The paleocontact theory and the Nazca plateau

Another most common version is the paleocontact or alien theory. It is she who is supported by most researchers and scientists around the world. For the first time, the theory that alien civilizations used to visit the planet Earth was first put forward by Erich von Daniken. In his paper, Daniken indicated that he was certain that these images were actually airstrips for interplanetary travel. He argues that drawings of this size were intended only for those who could see them in flight, that is, using aircraft. Daniken suggested that this airport was built for the "Gods" who are told in all local legends.

One ancient legend is interesting, which is passed down from generation to generation by the entire local population. She talks about how a "golden ship" from distant galaxies arrived on our planet. The crew of the ship was controlled by the woman Oryana, who later became the mother of the human race. When she gave birth to 70 children to earthly people, the ship left the Earth and all the aliens went to their native galaxy.

Documentaries by Erich von Däniken and can be viewed on our website.

The local legend describes in detail how the "children of the sun" easily cut through space on their "golden ships". Another fact is also interesting - the result of the analysis of the muscle tissues of the Inca mummies showed that the composition of the blood of the ancient remains and modern local residents are radically different from each other. The mummies were found to have a blood type of a surprisingly rare combination. Such a blood type was met by scientists only 2 or 3 times during the entire period of research.

Developing the study, scientists noticed that the goat of the main widest lines were smaller ones that were not related to the main one. These lines did not continue the main drawing in any way and were connected exactly near the end of the contour. They formed a mega-system, which is similar to a kind of electrical circuit in which everything is done by one wire - the patterns do not intersect (there is no short circuit) and do not interrupt (as if the circuit is broken).

The drawings of the Nazca desert are simply amazing! Their lines stretch from horizon to horizon, occasionally converge, intersect; it involuntarily gives the impression that this is the runway of ancient aircraft. Here you can clearly distinguish flying birds, spiders, monkeys, fish, lizards...
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"Many centuries before the Incas, on the southern coast of Peru, a historical monument was created that has no equal in the world and is intended for posterity. In terms of size and accuracy of execution, it is not inferior to the Egyptian pyramids. But if we look there, raising our heads, at monumental three-dimensional structures simple geometric form, here, on the contrary, one has to look from a great height at wide expanses covered with mysterious hieroglyphs, as if drawn on the plain by a giant hand. With these words, the book of the explorer of the Nazca desert, Maria Reiche, begins. "Mystery of the Desert" Mathematician and astronomer Maria Reiche specially moved from Germany to Peru to study the mysterious drawings. Perhaps she is the main researcher and keeper of the desert plateau, where, thanks to her efforts, a protected area was created. Reiche was the first to draw up maps and plans of all lines, sites and drawings.

Extremely impressive are giant drawings scattered between abstract figures and spirals, the size of which reaches tens, and sometimes hundreds of meters. Birds are the largest of all animals. Fantastic and quite authentically drawn, in total 18 birds are depicted in the desert. But there are also completely mysterious animals, such as, for example, a dog-like creature with thin legs and a long tail. Images of people are also found, although they are drawn less expressively. Among the images of people there is a bird-man with the head of an owl, the size of this drawing is more than 30 meters. And the size of the so-called "big lizard" is 110 meters!

The area of ​​the desert is approximately 500 square kilometers. The surface of the soil here is amazing in that it is covered with a kind of engraving, reminiscent of a tattoo. This "tattoo" on the surface of the desert is not deep, but huge in size lines and figures. There are 13,000 lines, more than 100 spirals, over 700 geometric platforms (trapezoids and triangles) and 788 figures depicting animals and birds. This "engraving" of the earth stretches about 100 kilometers deep in a winding ribbon, the width of which is from 8 to 15 kilometers. These drawings were discovered thanks to photographs taken from an airplane. From a bird's eye view, it can be seen that the figures were created by removing brown stones from the light sandy subsoil, covered with a thin black layer of the so-called "desert tan", which is formed by manganese and iron oxide.

The figures and lines are perfectly preserved due to the arid climate of the area. A wooden stake found in the desert, driven into the ground, was carefully examined and radiocarbon dated, which showed that the tree had been felled in 526 AD. Official science believes that all these figures were created by one of the Indian cultures of the pre-Inca period, which existed in the south of Peru and which flourished in 300-900 years. AD the technique of executing the lines of these huge "drawings" is very simple. As soon as you remove the top layer of dark rubble that has darkened with time from the lighter bottom layer, a contrasting stripe appears. The ancient Indians first made a sketch of the future drawing 2 by 2 meters in size on the ground. Such sketches have been preserved not far from some figures. In the sketch, each straight line was divided into its constituent segments. Then, on an enlarged scale, the segments were transferred to the surface with the help of stakes and a wooden rope. Curved lines were much more difficult, but the ancients coped with this too, breaking each curve into many short arcs. It must be said that each drawing is outlined by only one continuous line. And perhaps the greatest mystery of the Nazca drawings is that their creators have never seen and could not see them in their entirety.

The question is quite natural: for whom did the ancient Indians do such a titanic work? Paul Kosok, a researcher of these drawings, estimates that it took more than 100,000 years of working days to create the Nazca complex by hand. Even if this working day lasted 12 hours. Paul Kosok suggested that these lines and drawings are nothing more than a giant calendar that accurately shows the change of seasons. Maria Reiche tested Kosok's hypothesis and gathered irrefutable evidence that the drawings are related to the summer and winter solstices. The beak of a fantastic bird, with a neck length of 100 meters, is located at the point of sunrise during the winter solstice.

Some scientists put forward a version that the drawings had an exclusively cult significance, but such a version is rather doubtful, because a religious building must certainly affect people, and huge drawings on the ground are not perceived at all. The Hungarian cartographer Zoltan Zelke believes that the Nazca objects are just a 1:16 map of the Titicaca area. Exploring the desert for several years, he found a lot of evidence for the complete confirmation of his hypothesis. In that case, who was this super-giant card intended for? The mystery of the Nazca drawings remains unsolved to the end.

VEDIC SECRETS OF THE NASCA DESERT

The first incomprehensible lines on Nazca were discovered in 1927 by the Peruvian archaeologist Mejia Xesspe, when he accidentally glanced from a steep mountainside onto a plateau. By 1940, he had discovered several more incredible ancient signs and published the first sensational article. On June 22, 1941 (the day the Great Patriotic War began!!!), the American historian Paul Kosok lifted a light plane into the air and discovered a giant stylized bird with a wingspan of more than 200 meters, and next to it something resembling a runway. Then he discovered a giant spider, a monkey with a strangely curled tail, a whale, and finally, on a gentle mountain slope, a 30-meter figure of a man, with his hand raised in greeting. Thus, perhaps the most mysterious “picture book in the history of mankind” was discovered.
Over the next sixty years, Nazca was fairly well studied. The number of discovered drawings has long exceeded several hundred, and the vast majority of them are various geometric shapes. At the same time, some lines reach a length of up to 23 kilometers.
And today, the solution to the mystery has not become closer. What versions and hypotheses have not been put forward during this time! They tried to present the drawings as some kind of giant ancient calendar, but no mathematical justification was ever presented to the scientific world.
One of the hypotheses defined the drawings as some kind of designation of the zones of influence of the Indian clans. But the plateau has never been inhabited, and who could deal with these "ger-
bami clans, when they are only visible from a bird's eye view?
There is a version that the Nazca images are nothing more than an alien airfield. There are no words, a number of stripes indeed incredibly resemble modern runways, but where is at least some evidence of alien interference? Others argue that the Nazca are signals from an alien mind.
Recently, voices have begun to be heard that Nazca is generally the brainchild of someone's falsification. But then, over the course of decades, a whole army of falsifiers had to work hard to make the most gigantic fake in the history of mankind. How could they keep the secret in this case, and why, in the end, were they so disfigured?
The most conservative part of scientists insists that all the variety of drawings and figures was dedicated to a certain god of water: “probably! represented a kind of sacrifice to the ancestors or the gods of the sky and mountains, who sent people the water so necessary for irrigating the fields. But why was it necessary to turn to the god of water in such a remote place, where there was never any permanent residence, no agriculture, no cultivated fields? From the rain shed on Nazca, there was no particular benefit for the ancient Peruvians.
It is believed that ancient Indian athletes once ran along the giant ancient lines, that is, some ancient South American Olympiads were held on Nazca. Let's say that athletes could run in straight lines, but how could they run in spirals and in a pattern, for example, monkeys?
There were publications that huge trapezoidal areas were created for the sake of some mass ceremonies, during which sacrifices were made to the gods and mass festivities were carried out. But then why didn't the archaeologists who searched all the neighborhoods find a single confirmation of this artifact? In addition, some of the giant trapeziums are located on mountain peaks, where it is not so easy for a professional climber to climb.
There is even a completely absurd version that all the gigantic work was done solely for the purpose of a kind of occupational therapy, in order to at least something to occupy the idle ancient Peruvians ... They say that all Nazca images are nothing more than a giant loom of the ancient Peruvians, who they laid out their threads along the lines, since in the pre-Columbian era, the Americans did not know the wheel and did not have a spinning wheel ... It was even argued that the Nazca drawings were a huge encrypted map of the world. Alas, so far no one has undertaken to decipher it.
The most cautious part of historians defines the drawings and lines of Nazca as some kind of "paths that had a sacred meaning, along which ritual processions were made." But then again, who could see these trails from the ground?
Until now, scientists have not come to an opinion how the Nazca drawings were created, because the production of images of such a huge scale is of great technical difficulty even today. Only the technology of direct creation of stripes has been more or less accurately established. It was quite simple: the surface layer of stones was removed from the ground, under which the ground had a lighter color. However, the creators of the drawings had to first create sketches of future giant images on a small scale and only then transfer them to the area. How at the same time they managed to maintain the accuracy and correctness of all the lines is a mystery! To do this, at a minimum, they had to have at hand the entire arsenal of modern geodetic equipment, not to mention the most perfect mathematical knowledge. By the way, today's experimenters were only able to repeat the creation of straight lines, but they were powerless before ideal circles and spirals... Except
This, the images were created not only on flat areas of the earth. They were applied on very steep slopes and even on almost sheer cliffs! But that's not all! In the Nazca region, there are Palpa mountains, some of which are cut like a table, as if some monster had gnawed their top. Drawings, lines and geometric images are also placed on these giant artificial sections.
Regarding the time of construction, there is also no unity. Now it is customary to divide everything created on the plateau into seven conditional cultures very spaced apart in time from Nazca-1 to Nazca-7. Some archaeologists are inclined to attribute the creation of the Nazca drawings to the time interval from 500 AD. before 1200 AD Others categorically object, since the Inca Indians inhabiting this region of Peru do not have even distant legends regarding Nazca, which gives reason to attribute the time of the creation of images to almost 100,000 years BC. They tried to determine the age of the bands from the remains of fragments of clay shards found nearby. It was believed that ancient builders drank from clay jugs, and then sometimes they broke them. However, sherds of all seven cultures were found everywhere in the same strip, and, in the end, this dating attempt was considered unsuccessful.
The scientific study of Nazca today is hindered by the prohibitions of the authorities. Due to the fact that after the discovery of the drawings, the plateau was subjected to a real invasion of "wild" tourists, who traveled all over the plateau in cars and motorcycles, spoiling the drawings, now it is strictly forbidden for anyone to appear directly on the Nazca plateau. Nazca was declared an archaeological park and taken under the protection of the state, and the fine for unauthorized entry into the park is an astronomical amount - 1 million US dollars. Everyone, however, can admire the giant ancient images from the board of tourist planes, which continuously circle over the mysterious plateau. But for real scientific research, this, you see, is still not enough.
But the secrets of Nazca do not end there. If on the surface of the plateau there are gigantic drawings that are still incomprehensible to human understanding, then in the depths of the caves there are even more incredible pukios - the oldest underground water pipes in granite pipes. There are 29 giant puquios in the Nazca Valley. The current Indians attribute their creation to the creator god Viracocha, but the canals are the work of human hands. At the same time, one of the canals was drawn under the local river Rio de Nasca, so much so that its purest water did not in any way mix with the dirty water of the river! From the description of an eyewitness: “Sometimes stone spirals lead deep into the earth, and watercourses have an artificial channel lined with slabs and smoothly hewn blocks. Sometimes the inlet is a deep shaft, going into the thickness of the earth ... Everywhere and everywhere these underground channels are artificial structures .. ”Pukios is also from the realm of eternal mysteries. Who, when and why created these gigantic water structures under a deserted plateau? Who used them?

In the capital of the province of Nazca, the town of Ica, lives the owner of the most incredible collection in the world, professor of medicine, Hanviera Cabrera. He has more than two and a half thousand figurines made of unbaked clay, which the professor gets from local Indians. The figurines depict the ancient inhabitants of Peru next to dinosaurs and pterodactyls. At the same time, the ancient Peruvians perform operations on dinosaurs, fly on pterodactyls and look into space through a telescope. The figurines are estimated to be between 50,000 and 100,000 years old, perhaps even more. As for the radiocarbon method, it gave very contradictory results. In addition to figurines, Professor Cabrera's collection contains similar drawings on stones, including those depicting aircraft in the starry sky. The collection of Professor Cabrera is no exception. The famous Mexican collection of Acambaro also contains dinosaurs, including flying ones. The same is in the Ecuadorian collection of Father Crecy. In addition, there is also a collection of Russell Burrows, who found statues with strikingly similar subjects in the caves of Illinois. The same was found not so long ago in Japan. Falsification in this case is impossible even theoretically! Well, and, finally, the most scandalous find on the Paluxy River in the US state of Texas, where archaeologists discovered dinosaur bones and fossilized human footprints in the same rock! So people lived already in the era of dinosaurs, or, conversely, dinosaurs lived in the era of people! But both completely change our ideas about the beginning of the human era, and therefore one can imagine how much irritation, misunderstanding and simply outright opposition these findings cause among the elite of the scientific world, who have made a name for themselves on those hypotheses that are now completely crossed out by the finds of recent years!
And how not to recall here the seemingly absurd assumptions of the Crimean academician A.V. Gokh, who says that the protein necessary to create a huge number of repeaters of the Crimean pyramids was obtained from huge dinosaur eggs. It should be recognized that the statements of the Crimean academician now do not look so groundless.
Now, I think, it's time to present to the readers the hypothesis of the Emil Bagirov Institute regarding giant geoglyphs in the Nazca desert. However, to begin with, two more facts.
First. More recently, the German researcher Erich von Daniken (known to us from the sensational journalistic film "Memories of the Future") was discovered in Nazca by a giant ... classic MANDALA! Yes Yes! The same sacred man-dapa with which today's Tibetans and Hindus designate the pictures they contemplate during meditation! The same mandala, which was once the sacred sign of the Aryans and one of the main Vedic symbols. Coincidence? No way!
Second. The ancient texts of the Old World everywhere tell about some aircraft, and devices of completely earthly origin.
For example, in The Book of the Majesty of Kings, the flights of King Solomon are described in great detail: in one day they made a journey of three months ... He (Solomon) gave her all sorts of curiosities and treasures that you could wish for and a chariot that moves through the air and which he created according to the wisdom bestowed on him by God ...
And the inhabitants of the land of Egypt told them: in ancient times the Ethiopians visited here; they moved on a chariot like an angel, and at the same time they flew faster than an eagle in the sky. Quotations from the famous “Mahatbharata” are no less indicative: “l / i then the king (Rumanvat) with his servants and harem, with his wives and nobles entered the heavenly chariot. They circled the entire expanse of the sky, following the direction of the wind. The heavenly chariot circled the whole earth, (flying) over the oceans, and headed towards the city of Avantis, where the festival was just taking place. After a short stop, the king again took to the air in front of countless onlookers, who were amazed at the sight of the heavenly chariot.
Or here's another: “Arjuna, the terror of the enemies, desired that Indra send his celestial chariot after him. And then, in the radiance of light, a chariot suddenly appeared, illuminating the airy twilight and illuminating the clouds around and all the surroundings were filled with a roar similar to thunder ... "
So, all Indian sources claim that the ancient Aryan civilization had airships - vimanas. We find echoes of these unusual vehicles in the legends of the peoples of the Aryan area, for example, the famous Russian fairy tales about a flying ship and so on. But for the takeoff and landing of vimanas, runways and runways were needed. Are there traces of them in the Old World? As it turns out there is! At the present time, at least three are already known: one in England, the second on the Ustyurt plateau near the Aral Sea, and the third in Saudi Arabia. At the same time, similar giant geoglyphs were found everywhere, as in Nazca, although in smaller numbers. And this despite the fact that no purposeful searches for airports of antiquity have ever been carried out anywhere.
So what can you guess? After the destruction of the Tower of Babel, that is, after the collapse of a single ancient Vedic faith into several concessions, an energetic migration of Aryan tribes began, and with it the export of Vedic religion and knowledge. Of course, the main settlement of the Aryans went on land. It spread throughout Eurasia, where the Vedic influence is felt everywhere to this day. However, most likely, some of the Aryans also used the mysterious vimanas, which, as we already know, had a long flight range and could fly over the oceans. It was then, most likely, that the heroic throw across Africa and the Atlantic to South America followed. But why was the landing made on Nazca? It can be assumed that for some time this area attracted the Aryans because the Nazca region is rich in deposits of iron and copper ore, gold and silver. Let us also pay attention to the fact that it was in the Nazca region that very ancient abandoned mines for the extraction of all these metals were discovered.
Apparently, for some time the Aryans from the arrived Vimans lived in these places. They brought the local residents into obedience, organized the mining of metals, introduced and spread among the ancient Peruvians the cult of the Great Mother Goddess, the Holy Logo of the Sun-Khorsa, the immortality of the soul and rebirth. It was then that the runways and geometric signs were built, allowing the vimanas to be guided correctly on them, underground water conduits, facilitating the provision of water. It seems that the Vimanas actively carried out the export of mined metals to Egypt or some other countries that were in the area of ​​the then Aryan influence. It is possible that the Aryans also used tamed local pterodactyls for short flights, which was captured in the ancient clay figurines of Peru. Such an experience, too, apparently, was. Suffice it to recall the same "Avesta" and "Rig Veda", numerous European-Aryan mythology, where heroes very often use flying lizards as a completely suitable means of transportation. The same Russian heroes, for example, on occasion willingly used the legendary Serpent Gorynych for this purpose ...
However, the time has come and the Aryans who settled on Nazca, having fulfilled their mission, forever left the place, which was not very suitable for permanent residence, leaving the local residents with Vedic cults, knowledge of crafts and a firm belief that the departed people-gods will someday return. It was then, apparently, that the intensive creation of many drawings began, so that the people-gods flying in the skies past Nazca could see that they were still waiting here, as, indeed, in other places in America, where similar geoglyphs have now been found. At the same time, they drew what, according to the Indians, most of all liked those who flew away, which once surprised and amused them: unusual monkeys, hummingbirds, whales, iguanas.
Fortunately, the Aryans left the secrets of the technology for creating grandiose images to the local residents. That is why, among other drawings, the Indians also placed a grandiose mandala - the sacred Vedic sign of the Aryans, quite logically assuming that when they see it, the people-gods will definitely return to this earth, where they are so loved and so devotedly awaited. But, alas, none of the gods ever returned.

Centuries passed, millennia. The foundations of the Vedic faith, once laid here by the Aryan priests, over time, intricately intertwined with local cults. However, the pyramids, and the cult of the Sun, and many priestly rituals today strikingly resemble their Vedic foundations. All this time, the Indians were patiently waiting for the fair-haired bearded people-gods, carrying great faith and great knowledge, to return from the west from across the ocean. The time has come and the bearded men clad in iron did indeed come from the west, but instead of the long-awaited benefits, they brought destruction and death. However, that's a completely different story...

We continue our series of stories about mysterious ancient objects. Today we will tell you about the Nazca geoglyphs in Peru, created many centuries before the rise of the Inca Empire, and which are the most important evidence of the existence of a mysterious ancient culture in Peru. These lines and geoglyphs are located on the Nazca plateau and reach tens of meters in length, so they are visible only from the air.

The German scientist Von Daniken, in his book "An Answer to the Gods", claims that these lines were created as signals for the landing of alien spacecraft. And the German doctor of archeology Maria Reiche called these patterns a strange confirmation of the existence of the ancient Peruvian culture:

“The Nazca lines are nothing but the documented history of ancient Peruvian science. The ancient inhabitants of Peru created their own alphabet to describe the most important astronomical events. The Nazca lines are the pages of a book written in this strange alphabet.”

From the air, you can observe various figures such as large giant spiders, lizards, llamas, monkeys, dogs, hummingbirds, etc., not to mention zigzags and geometric designs. There are many unanswered questions regarding these lines. For example, how they remain intact after hundreds of years, or how they were created in such sizes, accurately recreating all proportions.

In 1927, Mejia Hespe, a student of the famous Julio Tello, the father of Peruvian archeology, reported mysterious incomprehensible geoglyphs on the territory of the Peruvian plateau. Initially, this was not given any importance, scientists were engaged in research on other more significant sites, such as Machu Picchu

In the same year, a researcher from the United States, Paul Kosok, arrived in Peru, who was very attracted by the ancient history of Peru. On one of his first trips to the south of the country, he stopped at the top of a plateau and saw extensive lines on both sides of the road. After careful examination, he was amazed to find that one of the figures depicted the ideal form of a bird's flight. Kosok spent almost 20 years studying the Nazca lines, in 1946 he returned home, offering to study the drawings of the Nazca tribes to the German doctor of archeology Maria Reiche. Maria devoted her whole life to this work.

Maria Reiche studied the Nazca lines for 50 years. She explained how these lines were used by the ancient Peruvian astronomers - they were a giant solar and lunar calendar hidden in the sand, legends and myths of the locals.

The lines themselves are applied to the surface in the form of furrows up to 135 centimeters wide and up to 40-50 centimeters deep, while white stripes form on the black stony surface. The following fact is also noted: since the white surface is heated less than the black one, a pressure and temperature difference is created, which leads to the fact that these lines do not suffer in sandstorms.

The hummingbird has a length of 50 meters, the spider - 46, the condor has stretched from beak to tail feathers for almost 120 meters, and the lizard has a length of up to 188 meters. Such enormous dimensions of the drawings are admirable, almost all the drawings are made in this huge scale in the same manner, when the outline is outlined by one continuous line. The true shape of the images can only be observed from a bird's eye view. There is no such natural elevation nearby, but there are medium-sized hills. But the higher you rise above the plateau, the smaller these drawings become and turn into incomprehensible scratches.

Other animals captured by the Nazca include a whale, a dog with long legs and a tail, two llamas, various birds such as herons, a pelican, a seagull, a hummingbird and a parrot. Reptiles include the alligator, iguana, and snake.

All geoglyphs are located on the map, with detailed names. Click to enlarge

So who did create the Nazca geoglyphs? Locals or aliens? Is it a giant solar and lunar calendar or spaceship landmarks? It is impossible to know the answers to these questions, since the Nazca lines are one of the largest