Sapsan how many kilometers per hour. The fastest birds in the world - flight speed and records

What is "Sapsan"? Many will immediately correct: not what, but who, they say, is such a bird. Predatory, akin to falcons and hawks. And they will turn out to be wrong, because the article will focus on a fundamentally new high-speed train. More precisely, the electric train of the latest generation. It goes along the route St. Petersburg - Moscow, and for quite a long time pleases its passengers not only with the highest level of comfort, but also with the speed of delivery to the point. The peregrine falcon is worth talking about especially.

A bit from the history of the birth of Sapsan

In 2009 An announcement about the launch of a new transport appeared on the Russian Railways website. Then the route of Sapsan was supposed only from St. Petersburg to Moscow, and the first flights were a kind of experiment.

It all started back in 2005, when the President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin and then German Chancellor Gerhart Schroeder personally supervised the signing of an agreement between the leaders of our railway and the German company Siemens on the joint development and further production of fundamentally new high-speed electric trains. Initially, it was assumed that 60 cars will be produced in Russia. But after the leadership of Russian Railways changed, the number of future Sapsan was cut to 8. The place of release was also changed.

The original route, designed for the fastest possible movement of St. Petersburg - Moscow, was then supposed to be significantly expanded. According to the project, the same electric trains were to be introduced to Nizhny Novgorod, Kazan, Samara, and then on the communication lines between Novosibirsk, Omsk and Krasnoyarsk. Much remains in the plans.

For the first time, a modern handsome man went on a flight at the end of 2009, on December 17th. It was a trial run and it paid off. The route is still commercial, but the demand for it does not fade away. Already from December 18 of the same year, everyone could purchase a ticket for the Sapsan, the movement became regular.

At first there were only 3 trains. Surely passengers who often travel between capitals remember their numbers: 151/152, 155/156, 165/166. Since April 2010, the number of cars has been increased by another 2 (159/160, 161/162).

Tickets for the Sapsan train sold out very quickly, even though their price is about 2 times higher than for the regular one. That is why it was decided to expand the routes, and high-speed electric trains appeared, circulating between Moscow and Nizhny Novgorod, as well as between St. Petersburg, Moscow and Nizhny Novgorod (they were later removed).

Important! Now the numbering has changed, and all Sapsan have received numbers starting from 700!

Today, 7 Sapsan trains run regularly on the route Moscow - St. Petersburg and back, but there are also additional trains. All of them perfectly cope with the task, impressing passengers not only with high comfort, but also with almost silent, smooth walking. Here you will not hear the usual “choo-choo” of the wheels, you will not stagger from an unexpected push. You can buy a ticket for the Sapsan both on the Internet and directly at the box office. When buying, consider some subtleties. The cost of tickets depends on the season, on which class of carriage you prefer, and on a number of other factors. But about them a little lower.

Sapsan is the most comfortable transport that will take you from St. Petersburg to Moscow in a very short time (about 4 hours, which is more than 2 times faster than a regular train). It is designed for different classes of service, but regardless of whether you choose a business carriage or a simple one, the service will be at a high level.

Like any other, the Sapsan train has a dining car. However, you don't need to visit. Even in economy class, you will definitely be offered something to eat or eat thoroughly. And although the food is served in much the same way as on the plane, it is not free. There is food in Sapsan, but you have to pay for the order, and the amounts are quite significant (for example, a cup of coffee and a small cake will cost about 150 rubles). Therefore, if children are traveling with you, and you don’t really want to pay for food, it is advisable to take something with you.

How is Sapsan different from other trains?

What makes this car with a beautiful bird name so popular?

Well, let's try to put everything on the shelves. As well as the baggage of passengers who use the services of this electric train.

1. Speed. In fact, you will not be able to get from the northern capital to the official one (or vice versa) faster than on this miracle of modern technology. Travel time will be no more than 4 hours. And thanks to modern noise reduction, it is very quiet in the cars and there is no need to strain and shout when talking.
2. Service. Classes of service on Sapsan are no different from all others: business class, economy class and tourist. Of course, there are differences, but it is comfortable in any of them. The service fully complies with the European standard, and we will describe the carriages in more detail below.
3. Discounts and promotions. Unlike regular trains, this beauty does not provide many opportunities to buy cheap Sapsan tickets. But there are still some options. You can get a discount if you purchase Sapsan round-trip tickets. There is also a pass. It is beneficial for those who regularly travel from Moscow to St. Petersburg or vice versa.

Let us now dwell in more detail on the wagons. Already at first glance it becomes clear that the train is modern. Outwardly, it looks like a racing car: rounded, forward-looking shapes, white and the Russian tricolor. The inside of the car is just as good. It evokes associations with an airplane: spacious, the same reclining seats. And yet, there are significant differences.

1. Economy class cars. Quite spacious, decorated in a pleasant blue and white tones. In each row there are 4 chairs arranged in pairs, between which there is a wide passage. The seats in Sapsan are quite comfortable, but you won't be able to stretch your legs. In the first two rows, it is possible to ride alone: ​​this will be shown in detail by the scheme of the car. The chairs are covered with woven material, the interior is very soft, not striking on the eyes of the lighting. All Sapsan have small TVs, there are several of them, so it will be convenient for each passenger to watch. There is another feature here. You will not hear sound from the screen, but headphones are inserted into the armrests. Their cost is already included in the ticket. And, as in an airplane, the back of the seat in front of you can easily transform into a table. In her pocket is a variety of printed materials. The level of comfort corresponds to the European one, so it is advisable to book a ticket for the Sapsan in advance. The best way to do this is on the Internet, on a website maintained by the Russian Railways. There you can always find out the timetable, as well as the cost of a Sapsan ticket.
2. Business class carriages. Everything is different here. The most important difference is fewer people. This is understandable: express tickets are not cheap anyway, and business class tickets are much more expensive. Armchairs in width are not very different. But the finishing material is different - artificial leather. For some, this may seem more of an inconvenience: slippery, there is a possibility of slipping. But there is a big plus: free food. If you have to buy everything that the menu offers in the economy, then the price of the dishes is already included. You can order a ticket for Sapsan in business class the day before departure, they are almost always available.
3. Tourist wagons(class of service 2 c). These are ordinary wagons with seats. They go without additional services, food is not provided. If you choose this option, then tickets to Moscow, as well as back, will be much cheaper. In any case, a Sapsan trip is the fastest and most comfortable choice, even if meals and additional services are not included.

In general, the high-speed train Sapsan bears the proud name of the fastest bird of prey for a reason. It accelerates to 230 km / h. The station from which the car departs in St. Petersburg is Moskovsky.

Stop stations:

• Chudovo;
• Okulovka;
• Corner;
• Bologoe;
• Vyshny Volochek;
• Tver;
• Moscow (Leningradsky railway station)

You can travel not only by the traditional route from one capital to another, but also, for example, to Vyshny Volochyok or Tver. Tariffs must be found at the box office, or online. Through the Internet, it makes sense to look at the location of the cars, and the best seat options for you. This information is always available on the website.

Special places for special travelers

High-speed Sapsan is designed for a variety of categories of passengers. For example, in cars 10 (20), the design provides for increased comfort. Train tickets can be purchased here by those who value personal space and do not like cramped conditions.

Economy+ cars have more sockets for recharging mobile phones than regular cars (also 10, 20 cars in double trains). There are places for passengers with disabilities in the 6 (16) car. It is equipped with special ramps and has wider passages, as well as very reliable modern wheelchair mounts. In the toilet there is a changing table for small children, which can be very useful for families with babies.

There is a bistro car (5, 15), as well as a meeting room compartment (1, 11)

peregrine falcon and children

Little passengers are a special category of citizens, which the train developers took extra care of. A children's ticket for the Sapsan comes with significant discounts up to the age of 5 accompanied. In car 10 (20) there is a separate seat for an adult under the age of one year, there is a retractable changing table.

Promotions and benefits for children, as in regular trains. You can issue a ticket to the children's area at specialized Sapsan stations, as well as at the central ticket offices of Russian Railways. It is possible to transport children aged 10 to 14 years unaccompanied. True, this is possible only for the Sapsan "St. Petersburg - Moscow - St. Petersburg".

Each child is given a small blanket and age printed materials. You can check the availability of Sapsan tickets, order and buy them on specialized Internet resources. Transportations are carried out daily. Boarding is made from the platforms intended for this train.

The most important question: the price

It's time to talk about prices for Sapsan. "Bird" is not cheap, but it's deserved. Travel time will be about 4 hours, and if you choose, for example, the route "Tver - St. Petersburg", the schedule of which can be seen on the Internet, then even faster.

Departure from Moscow starts at 5.40 and runs until 19.40. Trains from St. Petersburg depart at about the same time, towards Moscow. If you want to know which station they leave from, then in Moscow it is Leningradsky, in St. Petersburg - Moskovsky. Sapsan train schedule for Moscow:

• 5.40 (752),
• 7.30 (754),
• 7.40 (double composition, 756),
• 9.30 (758),
• 9.40 (760),
• 15.30 (770),
• 15.40 (772),
• 19.30 (778),
• 19.40 (double composition, 780).

For St. Petersburg:

• 5.30 (751),
• 7.00 (753),
• 7.10 (double composition, 755),
• 13.00 (765),
• 13.10 (767),
• 15.00 (769),
• 15.10 (771),
• 19.00 (double composition, 777),
• 19.10 (779).

Well, now that you know from which station in Moscow Sapsan leaves, what types of cars and classes of service it has, and also which station Sapsan arrives at, you can move on to the most important question. It will concern the cost and discounts.

How much does a Sapsan ticket cost?

The amount depends on many factors: time of year, season, occupancy and type of wagons, billing. On average, the price of a ticket to Moscow starts from:

• 472r (per child under 10 years old),
• 1032r (for a pensioner from 60 years old),
• 1935r (for an adult on two adjacent chairs),
• 1161r (round trip).

These are special rates. A regular ticket for an adult will cost about 7000r. Now you know how much Sapsan costs to St. Petersburg or back (the cost is the same).

To intermediate stations will be cheaper. The cost of Sapsan to Tver is approximately 3000 if you go from Moscow, and from St. Petersburg - approximately 5500.

There are also additional bonuses. Sapsan electronic card allows you to pay at significant discounts. There is also a special travel card issued for a month. You can find out more about it at the box office of the stations.

The train is popular. The train is comfortable and almost silent. Therefore, if there are regular routes between the capitals (which take about 10 hours on average), there are practically no discounts on Sapsan. You will have to pay for convenience and speed.

The cabin can be located both in the head of the composition and in the tail, it depends on the formation. A map of the location of places and wagons is provided on the Internet, so you can always choose the right one. The train has high characteristics of both service and movement. This earned him the love of the people.

Arrival in Moscow is carried out approximately 4 hours after the start of the journey (and vice versa). The train arrives at the Leningradsky railway station, having reached Paveletsky, you can transfer to the Aeroexpress in Domodedovo, if necessary.

Everything you need to know about Sapsan online. This is a modern choice for those who want to get to the desired capital faster and more comfortably. The train fully justifies its proud name - Sapsan!

The concluded contract provided for an agreement on the supply of eight Velaro high-speed trains by the end of 2010, as well as on their maintenance for 30 years or a mileage of at least 14 million km. The value of the supply contract was 276 million euros, for maintenance - an additional 354.1 million euros (the total cost of organizing high-speed traffic between Moscow and St. Petersburg was expected to be more than 700 million euros). Siemens trains were supposed to replace the obsolete ER200 high-speed trains that have been in operation on the St. Petersburg - Moscow line since 1984. In the future, it was planned to organize the movement of high-speed trains in the direction of Nizhny Novgorod, Kazan, and then Samara, Sochi and Kursk, and in the future between Novosibirsk, Krasnoyarsk and Omsk. The possibility of high-speed communication to Kyiv, Minsk, Crimea and Adler (via Kharkov) is being worked out.

The Japanese metallurgical company Nippon Steel delivered rails in the amount of 20.15 thousand tons for the organization of high-speed traffic on the Oktyabrskaya railway.

To manage this area, Russian Railways created a specialized branch - High Speed ​​Directorate, which should carry out work on the launch of high-speed communication between Moscow and Nizhny Novgorod, St. Petersburg and Helsinki, as well as an increase in traffic speeds on existing routes.

On July 30, 2009, Sapsan made its first full demonstration trip from Moscow to St. Petersburg. Regular service on this line opened on December 17, 2009.

In December 2011, Russian Railways placed an order with Siemens for eight more Velaro RUS (Sapsan) trains with a total cost (including maintenance) of about 600 million euros. The first train of the new batch arrived in Russia on December 3, 2013, the last one - before the end of 2014. A feature of the new trains is the possibility of forming dual trains according to the system of many units, which allows increasing the carrying capacity without increasing the number of pairs of trains.

All electric trains EVS1 and EVS2 came from the factory to the motor-car depot "St. Petersburg - Moscow" (TCH-10) of the Oktyabrskaya Railway, located in the village of Metallostroy and specially equipped for their maintenance and repair.

The design speed of the train is 250 km/h, the operational speed is limited to 230 km/h. For most of the route Moscow - St. Petersburg, the train runs at a maximum speed of 200 km / h; on the section Okulovka - Mstinsky bridge - up to 250 km / h. On the route Moscow - Nizhny Novgorod during the period of operation, the speed of the train was no more than 140 km / h, on the section Petushki - Vyazniki - up to 160 km / h.

One Sapsan flight is served by 24 employees: a driver, an assistant driver, a flight engineer, a train chief, 9 conductors, a cashier, 7 stewards, of which 4 are for business class cars, 2 bistro car waiters and one bartender. Some of them underwent special training in Germany, as well as on the basis of the Aeroflot Aviation Personnel Training Center, where they were taught foreign languages, first aid and service on board a high-speed train, including aspects of psychology. A total of 40 locomotive brigades were completed. The staff of the train crews of the Sapsan trains is 82 conductors and 7 train chiefs.

A trip in the cabin of the Sapsan electric train on the route St. Petersburg - Moscow. Views from the train window. Recording duration - 1.5 hours

On December 17, 2009, the EVS2-04 electric train made its first commercial flight. On December 18, 2009, regular commercial operation of electric trains on the route Moscow - St. Petersburg (trains 151/152, 155/156, 165/166) began. On April 5, 2010, the number of flights was increased to five (trains 159/160, 161/162 were added). On July 30, 2010, commercial operation of electric trains began on the routes Moscow - Nizhny Novgorod (173/174) and St. Petersburg - Moscow - Nizhny Novgorod (173/174 and 175/176, removed from October 31, 2011). In the future, the number of regular flights between Moscow - St. Petersburg was increased to seven, additional trains are also in circulation. Since June 1, 2014, in connection with changes in the numbering system, all high-speed trains received the 700th numbering, Sapsan trains on the St. Petersburg - Moscow line received numbers in the range 751/752 - 775/776.

The initial travel time between the two capitals (650 km) was 3 hours 45 minutes (10 minutes short of the best Estonia200 time on this line). In the future, it was planned to reduce travel time. Now travel time varies from 3:30 to 4:15.

In connection with the launch of the Sapsan train, the daily budget train No. 23/24 Yunost Moscow - St. Petersburg and a number of electric trains were liquidated. By this, the inhabitants of the Tver and Novgorod regions were left without daily communication with Moscow and St. Petersburg, which caused dissatisfaction among passengers. After that, a number of trains in the new timetable introduced stops in Vyshny Volochek and Okulovka, in addition to those already available in Tver and Bologoy.

According to the results of six months of operation, the average train occupancy rate was 84%, more than 657 thousand passengers were transported. For the first month in the guest book - 77 thanks from passengers and 9 complaints about the quality of food.

A number of problems in the operation of the train arise due to the fact that high-speed traffic is organized along common railroad tracks with conventional trains. In this regard, it was decided to build the first specialized in Russia. It was assumed that trains on the new route would be able to run at speeds up to 400 km/h. Completion of construction was scheduled for 2017.

On August 1, 2014, on the route Moscow - St. Petersburg, the first run of the twin Sapsan train was launched, consisting of 20 cars, with a capacity of 1050 passengers. The total length of the train is more than 500 m, both trains are controlled from the same head cabin.

On November 3, 2016, a new record for the number of passengers carried in a day was set. 17,830 people were transported during the whole day with 15 pairs of trains, of which 3 pairs of twin trains.

Sale of tickets for the direction St. Petersburg - Moscow - Nizhny Novgorod opened on June 18, 2010, the first flights with passengers were carried out on July 30, 2010. The traffic intensity was two pairs per day - one pair went from St. Petersburg to Nizhny Novgorod (No. 175/176) and back (No. 173/174) through the Kursky railway station in Moscow, and from September 6, 2010 the second pair went from Moscow to Nizhny Novgorod from the Kursk railway station (No. 172) and back (No. 171). The total travel time is 7 hours 55 minutes from St. Petersburg to Nizhny Novgorod and 3 hours 55 minutes from Moscow to Nizhny Novgorod. At the same time, the average train speed on the Moscow-Vladimir section was 107 km/h, and on the Vladimir-Nizhny Novgorod section, 118 km/h.

Considering the rather low speed of the train on these sections, the launch of the Sapsan electric trains in the direction of Nizhny Novgorod could be justified solely by work on the image in the Russian Railways company, since according to the technical characteristics, the Burevestnik train previously operated on this route can follow with similar speeds. In addition, earlier in the year, the Burevestnik-2 train covered the distance to Moscow in 4 hours and 34 minutes, of which 20 minutes were required to change the electric locomotive in Vladimir, while this train was not transferred by Russian Railways to the category of high-speed trains. The cost of a seat on the Burevestnik-2 train at that time was approximately 500 rubles (which is three times cheaper than the economy class in Sapsan), was widely available and comparable to road transport. After the commissioning of the Sapsan train on the Moscow - Nizhny Novgorod section, the Burevestnik-2 train was transferred to the category of high-speed ones; the fare was raised to about 1,000 rubles. This was negatively received by residents of Nizhny Novgorod, who lost cheap high-speed flights to the capital and back.

On the territory of the State Railways, a covered parking was organized for 4 EVS2 Sapsan trains intended to serve the route Moscow - Nizhny Novgorod. Maintenance of trains was carried out at the Nizhny Novgorod-Moskovsky multiple unit depot.

In the first month since the start of sales, only 800 tickets were issued, while the capacity of one train is 538 seats. According to Sergei Kalinin, deputy head of the Gorky Railway for passenger transportation, for the profitability of the Nizhny Novgorod Sapsan, the minimum ticket price for it should be 2,300 rubles with an occupancy rate of 80% (whereas the current fare is 1,422 rubles in economy class and 3,330 rubles in business class ) .

In 2010, the governor of the region, Valery Shantsev, announced that reaching the 1 hour 10 minute level would be possible after the construction of a new high-speed highway. According to the head of the State Railways, Sergei Kozyrev, the duration of the Sapsan trains on the way was to be reduced by a year to 3 hours. In the year, plans were announced for the reconstruction of tracks on certain sections of the existing line by the year in order to increase the maximum speed of the Sapsan on them to 200 km / h and reduce travel time, which in the end were never implemented.

In May 2011, on the route of the Sapsan high-speed train Moscow - Nizhny Novgorod, it was planned to dismantle the railway crossings. The crossings were filmed at the 428th kilometer (Doskino station), at the 397th kilometer (Reshetikha village), at the 388th, 390th and 392nd kilometers ( .

In 2014, plans were announced to replace the EMU2 Sapsan electric trains on the Moscow-Nizhny Novgorod line with Spanish-made Talgo 250 trains, which were originally supposed to operate on the Moscow-Kiev route, but due to the aggravation of the situation in Ukraine, these plans were thwarted. In part, the replacement of the Sapsan was due to the need to increase the number of flights on the Moscow-St. Petersburg line and the unjustified use of the Velaro high-speed train in the Nizhny Novgorod direction, where, due to technical limitations, it could not reach speeds of more than 160 km / h. The new branded trains, made up of Talgo cars, received the brand name Strizh. These trains were formed only from intermediate passenger cars without motor head cars, instead of which it was decided to use EP20 dual-system electric locomotives - thus, Talgo cars are operated not as electric trains, but as trains of permanent formation with electric traction.

On June 1, 2015, the EVS2 Sapsan electric trains made their last trips in the Nizhny Novgorod direction: one morning on the Moscow-Nizhny Novgorod route and two (morning and afternoon) on the Nizhny Novgorod-Moscow route, and Strizh trains began to run instead. All 4 EVS2 electric trains began to be used exclusively on the Moscow - St. Petersburg line, on which, due to an increase in the need for transportation, it was decided to increase the number of flights.

In December 2017, it was announced that from March 1, Sapsan flights on the St. Petersburg - Nizhny Novgorod route will be resumed from March 1, 2018.

On April 30, 2018, the Sapsan train set another record - the maximum (at that time in Russia) indicator was recorded in terms of the number of passengers transported in high-speed traffic: 20,787 people per day.

On March 18, 2011, the Minister of Transport of the Russian Federation Igor Levitin announced that "the reserves for the use of existing railway lines for high-speed communication have been exhausted and further development of high-speed and high-speed communication will require the construction of dedicated lines."

The possible lines where the Sapsan trains will be operated were:

During the operation of the Sapsan trains, a number of incidents occurred related to the collision with people crossing the railway tracks. The incidents are largely due to the lack of convenient crossings across the Oktyabrskaya railway line in a number of settlements, the number of which has decreased with the launch of the high-speed train, as well as the noiselessness of the Sapsan, which does not allow one to know about its approach from afar. Despite the efforts made in 2010-2011 security measures (construction of fences along the border of the right of way of the railway, equipping pedestrian decks with signaling of the approach of a train, guards on duty at crossings, etc.), the number of cases of high-speed trains colliding with people remains high. So, in the first six and a half months of 2012, eight people died under the wheels of the Sapsan, as of December 2010, video control was installed on the path of the Sapsan high-speed train at seven bridges, eight railway stations, two stations, and also in the depot. More than 1,100 km of barrier shields have been installed to ensure the safety of pedestrians. , allows you to identify explosives and narcotic substances. At the first stage, with its help, only passengers of the Sapsan train are selectively screened.

Since its launch in December 2009, Sapsan has become a media personality with its own blog and account in

Trains "Sapsan" or "Velaro Rus" are designed on the basis of the Velaro platform of the German concern "Siemens". Trains designed for the Russian Railways have structural differences - air intakes are placed on the roof, the interior is 30 cm wider due to the wider railway track, and the ability to operate at air temperatures up to minus 50 degrees. The maximum design speed is 350 km/h. The speed of movement on Russian roads is up to 250 km / h.

This train is designed to run on the route Moscow - St. Petersburg. He covers this distance in 3 hours 45 minutes.

The contract between Russian Railways and the Siemens concern was signed in May 2006. Under the terms of the contract, the Siemens concern is to supply 8 trains of the Sapsan electric train by the end of 2010.

Single-system DC electric trains of the EVS1 series are designed for operation on the Moscow-St. Petersburg line with a maximum speed of 250 km/h. For operation on the line Moscow - Nizhny Novgorod, it is planned to supply 4 electric trains in a two-system version of the EVS2 series.

For the conditions of Russia, the concept of the Velaro train was seriously improved, while taking into account the recommendations of Russian specialists based on 20 years of experience in operating ER200 electric trains and Nevsky Express trains with ChS200 electric locomotives.

When choosing the components used, the layout and configuration of the system, the operating temperature range of -40...+40°C had a significant impact. All body fasteners, steel grades, rubber and plastic components are rated for temperatures down to -50°C.

To protect against snow and ice, deflectors are installed on the undercar space. Short-stroke pneumatic cylinders are installed to tear off the frozen skid of the pantograph in the lowered state. The air intake for cooling the traction units is carried out from the side of the roof of the car.

The electric train is equipped with SA-3 automatic couplers.

Ensuring the requirements of electromagnetic compatibility with signaling devices, communication with Russian standards was also not an easy task. Therefore, from the technical point of view, Sapsan electric trains have little in common with ICE3/Velaro electric trains.

Main parameters of electric trains of the ICE3/Velaro family

On May 2, 2009, a speed of 280 km/h was reached. The electric trains passed the control run of 5000 km. The minimum travel time for the route Moscow - St. Petersburg is 3 hours 18 minutes.

Sea trials were carried out with the participation of the centers VNIIZhT, VNIIZhG, VNIKTI, NIIAS and VelNII. All Russian tests were duplicated by the German side, which confirmed the data obtained. All detected shortcomings were eliminated by Siemens specialists.

At the end of the roof of each car there is an air conditioning unit. Cool air enters from the ceiling and floor, and heated air from the side walls and floor. The heating system can work directly from the contact network.

Intercoms are available in each carriage, as well as in the cabs of the driver and compartment of the head of the train. Passengers have the opportunity to call the conductor from their seat.

The train is integrated with the KLUB-U traffic safety system and a technological tri-band radio communication system at frequencies of 2 MHz, 160 MHz and 460 MHz. In the compartment of the head of the train - on 160 MHz and 460 MHz.

Cars with converters contain oil-free pneumatic compressors designed to supply air to brake systems, air suspension of bogies, control doors, microclimate, pantographs, typhon, windshield wipers and other systems.

All traction components of the electric train are distributed over all ten cars. The traction unit includes a traction converter with a drive control unit, an output for auxiliary converters and four traction motors connected in parallel, mounted on the carrier beams of motor bogies. Estimated power of a four-pole three-phase asynchronous traction motor with a squirrel-cage rotor is 510 kW.

A rheostatic brake is used with a power of 3600 kW at the wheel rim. Brake resistors are located on the roof of the battery car. For each traction converter - braking resistance. Auxiliary electrical equipment is powered from the intermediate circuits of the traction converter.

Each PSN has an output power of 160 kVA. The total capacity of the train is 960 kVA.

Wagon layout scheme

• Upper - single-system 3 kV DC train (version B1)
• The lower one is a two-system train running on direct current with a voltage of 3 kV and on alternating current with a voltage of 25-27 kV with a frequency of 50 Hz (version B2)
• GBt - Head car, business class, traction.
• DT - Throttle, tourist class, trailed.
• T - Tourist class, trailer.
• ТТр - Tourist class, with transformer for alternating current, trailer.
• Tt - Tourist class, traction
• Ta - Tourist class, battery, trailed.
• Tab - Tourist class, battery, with a bistro (restaurant), trailed.

The Sapsan electric train has 554 seats and consists of 10 cars:

• 2 business class cars (car 1 and car 2);
• 7 economy class cars (cars 3,4,6,7,8,9,10);
• 1 bistro car (car 5).

Car 6 of the Sapsan train is equipped with special equipment for the disabled (space for a wheelchair and a special toilet).

Schemes of carriages and the location of the seats of the train "Sapsan"

Car 1 (business class)

Car 2 (business class)

Car 3 (economy class)

Car 4 (economy class)

Car 6 (economy class with seats for the disabled)

Car 7 (economy class)

Car 8 (economy class)

Car 9 (economy class)

Car 10 (economy class)

On November 21, 2008, the first Sapsan arrived at the Saint-Petersburg Moskovskoe depot (TCH-10).

Since December 2009, the first Sapsan trains began to run on the routes Moscow - St. Petersburg and St. Petersburg - Moscow three times a day.

We continue to talk about unusual things and next in line are devices whose value is hard to overestimate - trains!

The history of trains as a whole is a hymn to speed and reliability, passing through intrigue and a lot of money, but we are interested in the 10 fastest trains of our time.

The world of trains today looks unusual, this is due to the fact that since 1979 their high-tech brothers, machines from the future, Maglevs (from the English magnetic levitation - “magnetic levitation”), have joined the classic rail train. Proudly hovering above the magnetic canvas and driven by the latest achievements in the field of superconductors, they can become the transport of the future. In view of this, for each we will indicate the type of train and under what conditions the record was obtained, because somewhere on board the express there were no passengers, somewhere even drivers.

1. Shinkansen

The world speed record belongs to the Japanese maglev train, on April 21, 2015, on a special section during tests in Yamanashi Prefecture, the train was able to reach a speed of 603 kilometers per hour, there was only a driver on board. This is just an incredible number!

Test video:

In addition to the insane speed, you can add the amazing noiselessness of this super train, the absence of wheels makes the ride comfortable and surprisingly smooth.

Today, the Shinkansen is one of the fastest trains on commercial routes, with a speed of 443 km/h.

2.TGV POS

The first in speed among rail trains, but the second in the absolute standings, on the planet (for 2015) is the French TGV POS. What is surprising is that at the moment of fixing the speed record, the train was accelerated to an impressive figure of 574.8 km / h, while journalists and attendants were on board!

But even taking into account the world record, the speed of the train when moving on commercial routes does not exceed 320 km / h.

3. Shanghai Maglev Train

Next, we have the third place given to China with their Shanghai Maglev Train, as the name implies, this train plays in the category of wizards hanging in a powerful magnetic field. This incredible maglev holds a speed of 431 km / h for 90 seconds (during this time it manages to swallow 10.5 kilometers!), Which is up to the maximum speed of this train, then during the tests it was able to accelerate to 501 km / h.

4.CRH380A

Another record comes from China, a train with an incredibly euphonious name “CRH380A”, which took an honorable fourth place. The maximum speed on the route, as the name implies, is 380 km / h, and the maximum recorded result is 486.1 km / h. It is noteworthy that this high-speed train is assembled and produced entirely based on Chinese production facilities. The train carries almost 500 passengers, and boarding is implemented like in an airplane.

5.TR-09

Location: Germany - maximum speed 450 km / h. Name TR-09.

The fifth number from the country of the fastest roads is autobahns, and if Germany can really be classified as the fastest country in terms of speed on the roads, then trains are far from number 1.

In sixth place is a train from South Korea. The KTX2, which is what the Korean bullet train is called, was able to reach 352 km/h, but at the moment the maximum speed on commercial routes is limited to 300 km/h.

7.THSR700T

The next hero, although not the fastest train on the planet, still deserves a separate applause, the reason for this is an impressive capacity of 989 passengers! considered one of the most capacious and fastest modes of transport.

8.AVETalgo-350

We arrive at the eighth place and we stop in Spain on board the AVETalgo-350 (Alta Velocidad Española), nicknamed the Platypus. The nickname comes from the aerodynamic look of the lead car (well, you can see for yourself), but no matter how funny our hero looks, the speed of 330 km / h makes him eligible to participate in our rating!

9 Eurostar Train

9th place Eurostar Train - France, the train is not so fast 300 km / h (not far from our Sapsan), but the capacity of the train is impressive 900 passengers. By the way, it was on this train that the participants of the famous TV show Top Gear (now deceased, if you like it like me, thumbs up!) competed with the amazing Aston Martin DB9 in season 4, episode 1.

10. Peregrine falcon

On the 10th place, of course, you need to put the Italian "ETR 500" with its good 300 km / h, but I want to put our quite fast Sapsan. Although the current operating speed of this train is limited to 250 km/h, its modernization (and rather modernization of the tracks) will allow the train to go at a speed of 350 km/h. At the moment - this is not possible for a variety of reasons, one of them is the vortex effect, which is capable of knocking an adult person off their feet at a distance of 5 meters from the tracks. Sapsan also sets one funny record - this is the widest high-speed train in the world. Although the train was built on the platform of Siemens, due to the wider gauge used in Russia 1520 mm, against the European one of 1435 mm, it became possible to increase the width of the car by 300 mm, this makes the Sapsan the most “pot-bellied” bullet train.

About the Sapsan train, full description, specifications

Train "Sapsan" or "Velaro Rus" - the development of the largest German engineering and electrical concern "Siemens". The Sapsan train, built for the Russian corporation Russian Railways, is capable of speeds up to 350 km/h, but on Russian railways its speed is limited to 250 km/h. Despite this speed limit, the train covers the distance between Moscow and St. Petersburg in record time - 3 hours 45 minutes!

For those who value their time, for those who use the services of airlines, the Sapsan train is an excellent alternative solution. Agree, time in traffic jams to airports, waiting for registration, attachment to weather conditions - all this significantly exceeds 3.5 hours! So, we present you a new Sapsan train! From the center of Moscow to the center of St. Petersburg in 3.5 hours!

Technical characteristics of the SAPSAN train

On November 21, 2008, the first of eight ten-car high-speed electric trains of the Velaro series manufactured by Siemens Transport Systems arrived at the St. These electric trains with distributed traction are planned to be used on the already existing lines Moscow - St. Petersburg and Moscow - Nizhny Novgorod. Since their implementation should be made as flexible as possible, the trains are made in two modifications - one - and two-system, for a contact network of 3 kV direct and 25 kV / 50 Hz alternating current, respectively.

The train concept is based on the Siemens Velaro platform, which is an advanced version of the ICE 3 trains. Siemens currently has the most extensive experience in building and operating high-speed distributed traction trains. Velaro RUS trains are adapted to the conditions of operation in Russia, and their design takes into account all the requirements of Russian standards. In addition to adapting to the 1520 mm track, it was necessary to create appropriate ventilation and cooling systems, as well as the use of numerous special materials. On the train, compared to ICE 3, additional indoor and outdoor video surveillance systems, audio and other systems were installed, and some existing systems, for example, a traffic safety system, were improved.

The production of the body of the first head car was launched in June 2007.

Commissioning of the first train delivered to Russia will be carried out mainly in the depot of St. Petersburg. Tests will be held on sections between Moscow and St. Petersburg, on the experimental ring of st. Shcherbinka of the Moscow Railway, as well as at the Belorechenskaya-Maikop high-speed range of the North Caucasian Railway.
After completion of testing and certification, passenger transportation will begin in December 2009.
Four trains are designed for operation at 3 kV DC mains voltage (type B1), the remaining trains are designed for dual-system operation at 3 kV DC or 25 kV/50 Hz AC (type B2).
The main line Moscow - St. Petersburg is electrified with a direct current of 3 kV, and its length is 645 km. The maximum speed on this line can be 250 km/h. Based on existing speed limits, the scheduled travel time is 3.5 hours. Dual-system trains will run mainly on the Moscow-Nizhny Novgorod line, 436 km long, with a maximum speed of 160 km/h.

Distribution of wagons in Velaro RUS trains (Sapsan train)

Single system train B1

Dual system train B2

The layout of the carriages of the Sapsan train

Due to the placement of the components for converting traction and auxiliary operational power in the undercarriage space and on the roof of the Sapsan train, the internal volumes throughout the entire length of the train are used exclusively for accommodating passengers and personnel of the Sapsan train.
Depending on the need, the driver can make the glass separating the driver's cab from the passenger compartment transparent or frosted.

The medium carriages of the Sapsan train have a total of 13 standard sanitary facilities. One universal toilet is designed for use by passengers with reduced mobility and is located close to their accommodation in the middle of the train.
In the middle car of the central part of the train, there are a bistro and a compartment for the head of the train. In the compartment of the head of the train there is a workplace for security workers.
The bistro car is designed as a smoking car.

The air conditioning unit, located on the roof at the end of each car of the Sapsan train, is equipped with an outside air intake system, and an air exhaust device is located in the undercar space. Thanks to optimal air supply and distribution, the air conditioning system provides comfortable warmth in winter and coolness in summer. This is achieved due to the fact that as a result of switching air channels, cool air enters the car from the side of the ceiling and floor in summer, and heated air enters from the side walls of the car and the floor in winter.

The large side windows in the passenger compartment (measuring 1310mm x 660mm) are non-opening, safety insulated glass and fitted with sunblinds.
There are hooks for clothes between the windows, and there are wardrobes for passengers' clothes in eight carriages. Shoe-shine machines are installed in three carriages.

The interior lighting is made indirect. This means that most of the rays are directed towards the walls.
In the common passenger compartments of all cars there is free space that can be used for large luggage. Luggage racks are located above the passenger compartment seats.
All seats in the passenger compartment have adjustable backrests, folding tables, armrests and footrests. Removable head restraints and replaceable protective scarves are installed on the seat backs. Business class seats are leather upholstered, tourist class seats are cloth upholstered.