Once Pushkin was told by one of his friends a fascinating story about the fate of an impoverished nobleman who, having lost his estate, became the leader of a gang of robbers. But taking this story as a basis, the writer created a story not only adventure, but also unusually romantic. And therefore, without a touching female image, it could not have done. includes features characteristic of other heroines of the great Russian writer. However, being, according to the plot of the work, the daughter of a cruel tyrant and tyrant, this heroine also has individual features.
Daughter of the formidable Troekurov
The story begins with the image of a very colorful image - Masha's father. Self-love, vanity and impunity give rise to cruelty in his character. They are afraid of Troekurov, they please him in everything. In addition, he exhibits all sorts of vices that are more characteristic of a poorly educated person. The dubious entertainment and permissiveness of the father is what the main character of the work sees from an early age. And this, of course, cannot but affect her temper. The characteristic of Masha Troekurova is secrecy and firmness. Although, as befits the daughter of a wealthy nobleman, refinement, education and love for French novels are also components of her image.
Vladimir Dubrovsky and Masha Troekurova knew each other in early childhood. But when Vladimir was eight years old, he was sent to study in St. Petersburg. Masha never left her father's house. Yet their fates have something in common. They both grew up without a mother. And both experienced inner loneliness from a young age. She is in her parents' house, where her father simultaneously pleased and frightened her with his indomitable temper. He is away from his native land.
Upon their return from St. Petersburg, there was already a huge social gap between them. The characteristic of Masha Troekurova comes down to the gentle image of the daughter of a wealthy nobleman. The fate of Dubrovsky is folded under the influence of heavy blows of fate. Resentment, anger and a desire for revenge guide all his actions until he meets Masha.
Troyekurov's estate
The image of Masha Troekurova is revealed to the reader in Chapter VIII. By the time of the events that the author tells about, the heroine was seventeen years old. She is pretty, her father loves her, is proud of her. But even his beloved daughter suffers from the willfulness characteristic of Troekurov. Although he caters to all her whims, at times he frightens with cruel treatment.
Masha has no girlfriends. She grew up in seclusion. These circumstances form the main features of her character, namely: secrecy, restraint, isolation. Men predominated among Troekurov's guests. The daughters and wives of neighbors rarely visited the estate of the master, the owner of a peculiar disposition. Hunting was his favorite pastime. Masha, meanwhile, had no choice but to indulge in random reading of the works of European novelists.
The image of Dubrovsky
The fate of the protagonist is a logical continuation of the fate of his father. Pushkin, creating this image, relied on the literary traditions created by Schiller. However, the Russian character only in general terms resembles Schiller's robbers. The fate of Dubrovsky is unusual. But the circumstances that influenced her are quite common for Russia at that time.
The characteristic of Masha Troekurova is romanticism and dreaminess. And this is not surprising, because she is very young, lonely, and she has a huge library at her disposal. Reading novels leaves a mark on her soul. And the appearance of a fearless, but unfortunate young man who “went out to rob the road” through the fault of her father gives rise to a real strong feeling in her heart. This feeling can even overcome the fear of a parent. The love story of Dubrovsky and Masha Troekurova is a sad story of children of two warring families. It has similarities with Shakespeare's tragedy. And, although the outcome is not as sad as the end of the play "Romeo and Juliet", there is boundless sadness in Pushkin's story. Dubrovsky is not only a man without a future. He is the one who was unable to complete the revenge plan that he had hatched for a long time. Love prevented it. But he lost her too.
french teacher
The love story of Dubrovsky and Masha Troekurova begins at a time when no one knows that under the guise of a teacher there is none other than the notorious robber who frightens the whole district with his robberies. Brought up in the spirit of noble prejudices, Masha does not honor the Frenchman with attention. For her, he is like a servant or an artisan. However, the incident, witnessed by both the master and his guests, and Masha herself, changed her attitude towards the teacher and engendered a feeling in her romantic soul. Since then, Dubrovsky and Masha Troekurova began to spend more time together. Troekurov's daughter fell in love without admitting it to herself and not knowing who the object of her desires really is.
Confession
The image of Masha Troekurova acquires new features from the moment when her father announces to her about the matchmaking of the old prince. A few months before this event, an explanation took place between Masha and Dubrovsky. Desforges made an appointment to meet her in the garden. The heroine of Pushkin's story went on this date, not suspecting what a terrible secret her lover would reveal to her.
Troekurov's attitude towards Masha was tender and loving. He idolized her. But at the same time, in this regard, there was a cruel authority, which, incidentally, guided all the feelings of Kirila Petrovich. It can be said that the father felt tenderness and gentleness towards his daughter only as long as everything went according to his plan. But the appearance of the hated groom awakened in the girl character traits that she had not shown until now: perseverance, determination and the desire to resist the whims of her father. The fate of Masha Troekurova, of course, was unhappy. She became the wife of a man she did not like. Until the last moment, she waited for Dubrovsky. But when, during the return of the newlyweds from the church, the prince's carriage was overtaken by a gang led by her lover, Masha renounced. The young princess abandoned him and her love. The reason is the oath that was given at the altar.
Features of the Pushkin heroine
In Masha's act, one can see an unusual and unfeminine firmness. This property of character brings the image of Pushkin's heroine beyond the framework of general literary traditions and makes him a unique Russian character. The heroine of the story "Dubrovsky" does not choose the lesser of two evils. Becoming the wife of a robber is much worse than living with an unloved, middle-aged prince. The choice of Maria Kirilovna is also not guided by the desire for suffering, which will be caused by eternal separation from her beloved. Her decision is due to a sense of duty, characteristic of Pushkin's heroines, but not a characteristic feature of the female images of European literature.
One of the main characters of Pushkin's story "Dubrovsky" is Marya Kirillovna Troekurova.
At the time of the story, Masha was seventeen years old, she was very beautiful and attracted the eyes of men. Her father, Kirill Petrovich Troekurov, loved his daughter very much and preferred to educate her at home, unable to let her go somewhere away from him. He, being an unpredictable person, sometimes spoiled and pleased her in everything, sometimes he treated her very cruelly and harshly. Because of this, Kirill Petrovich could not gain confidence from his daughter in any way, since she preferred to keep her thoughts and judgments to herself, not knowing exactly how her father would react to them.
Marya had no girlfriends and grew up very secluded. She was also not interested in the numerous feasts that her father gave, and she preferred to spend a lot of time in the library among the books.
There she received her education, reading books by various authors, mostly French writers of the eighteenth century, preferring romance novels. In the past, Mamzel Mimi lived in their house, who also made a great contribution to Masha's upbringing.
Mimi was very kind and wise. Marya took an example from her in behavior and judgments. Having lost her mother early, Masha lacked such a female upbringing. Unfortunately, because of Mamzel Mimi's relationship with Kirill Petrovich, which later could no longer be hidden, she was forced to retire from their estate.
Despite the fact that the girl grew up in prosperity and did not know refusal in anything, Marya was not spoiled and eccentric. Although the aristocratic prejudices, inspired by her since childhood, forced her to divide people into servants and masters, without noticing the former. Therefore, she did not immediately pay attention to the French teacher who settled with them. And only after the incident with the bear, she saw in him a real man and admired his courage. In it, she saw one of the heroes of her favorite romance novels.
Masha could sing beautifully and played the piano. She loved to read, take long walks in nature and play music. She also knew how to embroider beautifully. In her hands, a simple canvas with a needle and thread turned into a masterpiece. Embroidering her calmed and contributed to reasoning. And she talked about Dubrovsky and her future fate.
She waited until the last moment that he would save her from an unwanted marriage with the old prince of Vereisky, but he did not have time, and Marya, either out of hopelessness, or out of revenge for betrayal, in her understanding, agreed to this marriage herself. Although on the other hand, the prince was smart, well educated and very rich. He could become her friend and mentor. With him it was interesting and instructive. But love for Dubrovsky forever settled in the heart of Marya Kirillovna.
Masha, Marya Kirilovna Troekurova - character characteristics
Masha, Marya Kirilovna Troekurova - the tender daughter of a formidable provincial tyrant; a seventeen-year-old beauty who is in love with twenty-three-year-old Vladimir Dubrovsky, the heir to a landowner ruined by her father. Age; the white dress of a county lady; a French tutor (Mamselle Mimi, who adopted Sasha, M.'s half-brother, from Kirila Petrovich Troekurov); a huge library, composed mainly of French writers of the XVIII»Sw. and being at the complete disposal of an ardent reader of novels - all these components of the image of M., in different combinations, are inherent in different heroines of Pushkin. Against a stable background, individual traits are more noticeable: secrecy, inner, hardness. brought up by circumstances: the father either indulges his beloved daughter, or scares him with the indomitability of anger; the neighbors are afraid of Troekurov - sincerity is excluded; Kirila Petrovich's amusements do not allow female company; stepbrother is too small; mother died.
Without a mother (and, in fact, without a father who does not take care of him), Vladimir Dubrovsky, the son of the only one of the Troekurovsky neighbors, who - despite his poverty - is “allowed” not to be afraid of Kirila Petrovich, grows up. It brings children closer; but their friendship does not last long: at the age of 8, Vladimir is sent to St. Petersburg, and when he returns, an insurmountable social abyss already lies between him and M.. Families in deadly quarrel; Troyekurov unjustly sued the Dubrovskys for their only estate; Dubrovsky Sr. died, and his son did not let Kirila Petrovich, who appeared with a belated offer of peace, on the threshold.
In the same way, for the most part, the traditional plot positions in which the author puts M. are recognizable. The war of the fathers (as it was in the story “The Young Lady-Peasant Woman”) is likened to the war of the Scarlet and White Roses - it’s not for nothing that Dubrovsky’s deceased mother is depicted in the portrait with a scarlet rose , and M., in turn, is shown embroidering a rose on a hoop. The devastated Dubrovsky, who has become a robber, comes into the house under the guise of Deforge, little Sasha's French teacher; it is natural that M., brought up in an aristocratic spirit, does not notice him - just as she would not notice a workman or a servant; and it is just as natural that the composure with which Dubrovsky-"Deforge" kills an angry bear (one of Troekurov's amusements) amazes her romantic imagination. The plot move following this was repeatedly used by writers and playwrights: the music lessons that the heroine in love gives to the heroine in order to find a way to her heart. In the end, like Marya Gavrilovna from the story "", M., not knowing who is hiding under the mask of Deforge, goes on a first date, preparing a scenario for a spectacular refusal. And, like her, she was struck by the unexpectedness of the denouement. Vladimir opens up to her, declares his love, announces the impossibility of marriage and that he must run away from the Troekurov house, because the deceit is about to be discovered.
The time comes for another literary parallel; as the heroine of Mickiewicz's poem "Konrad Wallenrod", M. becomes the beloved of a noble robber. The reception with the ring that the hero gives to the heroine is also customary, so that in case of danger she lowers this ring into the hollow of an oak. This will mean that M., in spite of everything, asks Dubrovsky to take her away from home.
And just as literary-recognizable traits sharply set off the individuality of M.'s character, so the typical set of plot points of a love-adventurous novel leads her step by step to the final tragedy of self-denial. Betrothed to the fifty-year-old aristocrat Vereisky, M. in desperation gives a sign to Dubrovsky; the robber groom is late and stops the wedding procession only on the way back from the church; married M. refuses to break the oath of lifelong fidelity given to Vereisky. In this final choice, she is likened to Tatyana Larina. But the fact of the matter is that Tatyana's act is emphatically unliterary; which means that the parallel with her also brings the image of M. Troekurova beyond the framework of a purely literary tradition, transferring it to the area of a national tradition. It cannot be said that out of two misfortunes - to become a runaway companion of a beloved robber or a submissive wife of a hated old voluptuous man - she chooses the lesser. She chooses no less and no more, but one that does not require treason. And, therefore, she refuses Dubrovsky as a Russian woman, and not as the heroine of a European novel; this is more than important for Pushkin.
The main character of the novel "Dubrovsky" grew up in the family of a tough, callous and completely ignoble person, her father, Kirill Petrovich Troekurov. She lost her mother at an early age and grew up among books and servants. Her father was always surrounded by people like him, miserable, greedy and mean.
Masha is the daughter of her father only biologically, she is not at all like him, she does not need material values, cynical entertainment and wealth of her father, she sees happiness in spiritual values. She respects Kirill Petrovich, but does not consider him her friend or a person close to her spirit. The novels that she read made her a real dreamer and a noble girl, for whom honor is above all, which will affect the outcome of the novel.
As soon as Deforge, aka Dubrovsky, begins to teach her younger half-brother, she pays attention to him, because he does not look like anyone from his father's entourage. And when he begins to teach music to her too, she begins to admire him and very soon falls in love. This feeling arises largely due to the fact that Dubrovsky was noble, honest, purposeful, brave and indifferent to material values. According to Masha, Dubrovsky bore all the features of a real knight. At the moment when Dubrovsky defeated the bear, her feelings for Vladimir reached their climax, it was after this situation that she fell in love with the hero, whom she considered to be from her favorite novels.
After Masha finds out that Deforge is the runaway robber Dubrovsky, she does not renounce her love for him and even decides to escape, which ended in defeat for her. Her father wants to marry her to a rich man, to whom Masha herself feels nothing but disgust, so she hopes in every possible way that on the wedding day, right before the wedding, Dubrovsky will save her from this marriage, and they will be together until the end of life. Until the very wedding, she hopes to see Dubrovsky, but he is still not there. She is getting married, thereby canceling out all hopes for the future next to Vladimir.
Only after her wedding, Dubrovsky comes to her and asks to run away with him, but Masha refuses: not because she stopped loving him, but because honor is higher than love for her. If she is legally someone's wife, then she simply has no right to run away from this person, it's over. The image of Masha evokes an incredible feeling of sympathy and respect: with her actions, thoughts and words, she delights the reader.
Composition Maria Kirillovna Troekurova
Pushkin in his works sang the tender image of a woman - all his heroines, such as Masha Troekurova in "Dubrovsky", Tatyana in "Eugene Onegin" and Masha Mironova in "The Captain's Daughter" were the owners of such lovely female traits as vulnerability, romance, innate nobility and daydreaming.
Masha Troekurova appears before readers as a romantic and sweet creature. She is young and beautiful, softness and sentimentality are the hallmarks of her character. Her character is the exact opposite of the character of her father, the vengeful and cruel landowner Kirila Petrovich Troekurov. The father, although he loves his daughter to the point of madness, is distinguished by a frequent change of mood - either he is rude and cruel to her, or under the influence of a momentary impulse he agrees to fulfill all the whims of his daughter.
Masha's mother died when the girl was still a baby. A kind and gentle nanny replaced Masha's mother and taught the girl to be kind to others, opened her soul, putting compassion for other people into her - that beautiful human trait that was completely absent from Marya Kirilovna's own father.
The girl has an inquisitive mind and her friends are replaced by books. Sensitive to rudeness and vulgarity, Masha did not find worthy interlocutors either among her family or in her father's environment. She began to replace human communication with reading novels. Masha read sentimental novels, which added to her gentle nature of romantic moods. The languor in anticipation of a great and bright love gave impetus to the rapprochement of Masha with a young teacher - the Frenchman Deforge. An educated and well-bred Frenchman, who introduced himself to Masha as the son of a neighbor offended and ruined by her father, liked the girl and over time, she began to feel by no means friendly feelings for him. Masha fell in love with Vladimir Dubrovsky, who, under the assumed name of Deforge, began to visit the Troekurovs' house frequently.
When it turned out that Vladimir was none other than a local robber and troublemaker who was wanted to be arrested, Masha was frightened, but did not renounce her lover. After a conversation with Dubrovsky, she decides to run away with him, trampling on the boundaries of morality and realizing that life with a fugitive will be difficult and dangerous. But the escape did not take place.
In the next conversation with Dubrovsky on a secret date, Masha, confused and heartbroken, tells Vladimir about the upcoming wedding. Her father decided to marry her off to an elderly but very wealthy prince of Vereisky.
And this wedding still took place. Masha looks depressed and unhappy during the wedding with the prince. However, a sense of duty does not allow her to betray her lawful, even unloved, husband. She refuses to run away with Dubrovsky, because she spoke the holy words of the oath before the altar and is unable to break the oath of allegiance. Honor and a sense of duty do not allow her to trample on her principles. Masha is forced to sacrifice love in order to maintain her dignity.
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The characterization of Masha Troekurova is very important for understanding one of the most famous novels by A. Pushkin "Dubrovsky". This heroine, being the main acting female character, occupies a central place in this work, since it is with her that the love line is connected, the main intrigue of the novel, as well as its denouement. In addition, the girl played an important role in the development and evolution of Dubrovsky himself, since his love for her made him abandon his plan of revenge.
Origin
The characterization of Masha Troekurova should begin with a description of her social place in society. She was the daughter of the landowner Kirill Petrovich, who was known throughout the district for his tough and wayward character. His feud with the protagonist's father led to the death of the old Dubrovsky, which provoked a conflict between the two families. However, the girl obviously did not go to her father. The characterization of Masha Troekurova shows the versatility of her personality.
She was kind, gentle and sympathetic, although she was not devoid of some of the class prejudices inherent in people of his circle. So, for example, when Vladimir appeared in her father's house as a tutor, the girl initially looked at him as an ordinary servant. But at the same time, she was able to appreciate his mind and nobility: when the imaginary Frenchman during the next Troekurov prank was not afraid of the bear that attacked him, and at the same time, in order to run, he was not at a loss and shot the predator, the girl changed her mind about him and since then since then she began to respect him (as, indeed, all the other inhabitants of the estate).
Upbringing and education
The characterization of Masha Troekurova will help students understand the conditions in which Russian young ladies lived and were brought up in the provinces in the first half of the 19th century. At that time, knowledge of the French language was considered a good form rule for the nobles. The heroine, unlike her father, knew him very well, so she served her father as an interpreter in communication with an imaginary teacher. From Vladimir, who called himself Deforge, she took piano lessons.
At the time in question, it was believed that every young lady should be able to sing and play a musical instrument. During these classes, Dubrovsky and Masha Troekurova quickly found a common language and in the end became friends.
Relationship with family
The heroine loved her father, but from the text of the work the reader understands that at the same time she was very afraid of him and almost never dared to disobey his instructions. And only when Kirill Petrovich decided to marry her against her will to the old, but rich and influential Prince Vereisky, she first showed disobedience. By that time, Dubrovsky and Masha Troekurova had already fallen in love with each other, so the girl resisted her father's decision with all her might. However, she could not fight him on her own and, without waiting for help from Vladimir, who was late, she married the prince. The girl loved her younger brother, although the author shows this in just one scene. However, the episode in which the boy offers to help her is significant - it shows their affection for each other.
love line
The image of Masha Troekurova is fully revealed in her relationship with Dubrovsky. As mentioned above, the young girl sincerely became attached to her music teacher, not suspecting that a formidable leader of the robbers was hiding under the guise of a modest Frenchman.
She also noticed that she herself made a rather strong impression on him, and expected from him a love confession, which was not slow to follow along with the disclosure of the identity of the imaginary teacher. The girl had the courage not to betray her interest in Dubrovsky, moreover, she decided to remain faithful to him, despite the ambiguous situation in which the lovers fell.
denouement
The image of Masha Troekurova occupies a central place in the work along with the main intrigue of the novel. At a critical moment, when Troekurov decided to arrange her marriage, the girl showed firmness and determination, which was difficult to expect from her. She even once forgot herself and threatened her father that she would call Vladimir for help. However, without the effective help of the latter, the girl, of course, could not do anything.
Therefore, when Dubrovsky, for unknown reasons, was late with help, she married the prince. In the finale, the heroine refuses to run away from her husband with him, explaining this act by the fact that she cannot break the oath and transgress the moral law. In this scene, all the nobility and firmness of the girl, who was waiting for help until the last minute, were affected. However, having become Princess Vereiskaya, she did not break her oath (Tatyana will do the same in the novel "Eugene Onegin").
Meaning
One of the most significant works in Pushkin's work is the novel "Dubrovsky". The story of Masha Troekurova is no less interesting than the intrigue associated with the adventures of the protagonist. You can even say that it turned out to be more believable and vital.
The author obviously borrowed a dramatic story with a noble robber from French novels popular at that time. However, the main character had a real prototype, and the story of a nobleman who was forced to become a robber served as the basis of the work. However, the life of Masha Troekurova is described very realistically, since her fate is a collective story of many provincial young ladies of the 19th century, which makes her image especially interesting for a reader interested in the lifestyle of Russian nobles.
