Choose only ONE of the tasks below (2.1−2.4). In the answer sheet, write down the number of the task you have chosen, and then give a full detailed answer to the problematic question (in the amount of at least 150 words), attracting the necessary theoretical and literary knowledge, relying on literary works, the position of the author and, if possible, revealing your own vision of the problem. When answering a question related to lyrics, you must analyze at least 2 poems (their number can be increased at your discretion).

2.1. Was the tragic ending of Mtsyra's fate predetermined? Justify your point of view.

2.2. What features of the lyrics of V. A. Zhukovsky gave grounds to the researcher A. Veselovsky to call his poetry “landscape of the soul”?

2.3. Is there a theme of love in N.V. Gogol's story "The Overcoat"? Justify your point of view.

2.4. Why, out of various titles - "Daughter and Father", "The Story of the Ball and Through the Line", "And You Say..." - Tolstoy settled on the title "After the Ball"?

2.5. What plots from works of domestic and foreign literature are relevant to you and why? (Based on the analysis of one or two works.)

Clear-no-no.

Com-men-ta-rii to co-chi-no-ni-yam

2.1. Was there a pre-opre-de-len tra-gi-che-sky final of the fate of Mtsyri? Justify your point of view.

Events, described in the poem, pro-is-ho-di-li in the peri-od of good-ro-free-no-go joining Georgia to Russia.

The tragedy of the fate of the main character is that he was captured (“re-ben-ka captivity he (gen-ne-ral) carried”). But the character of Mtsyri had a special one, he was sick of food, because of these circumstances, he developed in him “the mighty spirit of his fathers ". Umi-ra-yu-shche-go-mal-chi-ka leave-vi-li in mo-on-sta-re, where one monk walked him. Na-ka-well-not accepting my-on-she-go vow Mtsyri escaped from the mo-na-stay. All this time, for some reason he was in the mo-on-sta-re, he suffered due to lack of will. Those three days, which he spent in the forest, resurrect him. He saw the beautiful nature, wild animals, mo-lo-duyu de-vush-ku. What did he do behind the walls of the mo-na-sta-rya, Mtsyri himself na-zy-va-et with the word “lived”. Just lived. In the wild, Mtsyri remembered his father's house and wanted to find a way to him, but he returned again to the walls of the monastery. He realized that he would not succeed in freedom. “Human help” he does not wish, because he does not believe that people, completely different, can help him. Mtsyri is alone in this world, he is deeply aware of and re-lives his loneliness.

With the fate of the battle, in my opinion, the hero, it is futile to argue. In this way, the tra-gi-che-sky finale of his fate would be pre-opre-de-len.

Beige-den-ny, he is spiritual-but not broken-flax and remains in the lo-zhi-tel-nym way of our li-te-ra-tu-ry, but his masculinity, integrity, heroism was a reproach to the fragmented hearts of the bo-yaz-li-vy and without-de-I- tel-nyh co-time-men-ni-kov from the noble society.

2.2. What are the features of the li-ri-ki V.A. -what to call him in e-ziyu “drink-for-we-we-me-the-souls”?

In almost all the maps of nature, some-rye ri-su-et Zhu-kov-sky, there is-there-is-there-is-no-ma-yu-shchy her che -lo-age. He is the nature of the poet in some kind of unity. Des-sy-va-yut-sya is not so much a phenomenon of nature, but a spiritual state of a person. That's why drink-for-zh Zhu-kov-ko-go on-zy-va-yut "drink-for-mother of the soul." “The life of the soul” is the true subject of the poet's elegy.

2.3. Is there a theme of love in N.V. Go-go-la “Shi-nel”? Justify your point of view.

The theme of love sounds in the ve-sti co-ver-shen-but differently, not-tra-di-qi-on-but. Love on the pages of "Shi-ne-li" is-yav-la-et-sya in christian-an-tol-ko-va-nii. Love for your neighbor, for-by-ve-given by Christ -sti-a-no-na. A person, “your brother”, can find himself in a very hard-work-n-n-m in the same way, get into trouble, turn out to be on the verge of starvation th death. Ti-tu-lyar-ny council-nick Bash-mach-kin, being in a row of age (“Aka-kyu Aka-ki-e-vi-chu for-bra- moose for five-de-syat") in complete loneliness, re-lived terrible mi-well-you from-cha-i-niya in the case of him no-happiness. But no one helped the guardian, no one extended a hand for help, from no one did he hear even a simple kind word, -but-go, according to me, holy-ty-te-la Ti-ho-on Za-don-sko-go, “sorry-by-shche-go-to-sew”. A man-age, an enlightened divine divine is-ti-noy and who has realized the meaning of his earthly life, lives with the blood -mi of your soul, among some, love for God and your neighbor, and sacrificial service to the Father. Ta-ko-va in-zi-tion Go-go-la.

2.4. In a way, from the various options for names - “Daughter and father”, “The story of the ball and through the system”, “And you go-vo-ri- those ... "- Tol-stay stay-but-wil-sya on the title" After the ball "?

The story “After the Ball” is built on the contrast. Con-trusts are portraits of ha-rak-te-ri-sti-ki, in the way of father Va-ren-ki at the ball and after the ball, mood and thoughts the main hero before and after seeing-den-no-go on the parade ground. The name “After the Ball” is more precisely re-re-yes-et the basic idea of ​​pro-from-ve-de-niya: a person’s life can change one thing event. For the main hero, a re-breaking moment in his life started after the ball, from seeing-den-no-go on the parade ground.

Why the fate of the protagonist of M. Lermontov's poem "Mtsyri" was tragic

"Mtsyri" is one of the best romantic poems by M. Yu. Lermontov. It is the fruit of active and intense work. The protagonist, by definition of V. G. Belinsky, is a person whose "fiery soul", "gigantic nature", "powerful spirit".

Mtsyri is a generalized romantic image. His appearance is not clearly drawn, his past is mentioned only in general terms. But the author does not seek to show us any particular person. Its goal is to sing the strength of the human spirit, the unstoppable desire for freedom.

The poem tells about a young man, passionately striving to get to his homeland.

Long time ago I thought

Look at the distant fields

Find out if the earth is beautiful

Find out for freedom or prison

We will be born into this world.

Mtsyri, brought up in a monastery, perceives it as a prison, the cells seem stuffy and cramped to him, the monks are cowardly guards, and he himself is a slave and an imprisoned prisoner. He dreams of his home and freedom:

...I have seen others

Fatherland, home, friends, relatives,

And I did not find

Not only sweet souls - graves!

Then, without wasting empty tears,

In my heart I swore an oath:

Though for a moment someday

my burning chest

Press with longing to the chest of another,

Though unfamiliar, but native.

Mtsyri remembers little about his family, he remembers his father as a fearless warrior. And he himself dreams of fighting for the freedom of his homeland. He dreams of battles in which he wins, thoughts carry him into the "wonderful world of worries and battles." Mtsyri in his soul feels like a warrior capable of defeating a worthy opponent, now he is convinced, "What could be in the land of the fathers Not from the last daring ones."

The young man was distinguished from childhood by severe restraint: “Do you remember, childhood: I never knew tears ...”.

Loneliness in the monastery hardened his will. He lives in anticipation of the moment when he can break free, taste its sweet taste, finally understand the meaning of his existence.

For the long-awaited escape, our hero chooses a stormy night, and this is no coincidence. She instills fear in the souls of timid monks, and fills Mtsyri's heart with courage, a sense of brotherhood with a thunderstorm.

Outside the walls of the monastery, he finds himself in an unfamiliar life, fraught with constant dangers, but this does not frighten the hero. He comprehends true freedom, for the sake of which one can risk his life, expose himself to deadly adventures. The hero takes a deep breath of the "wonderful world of anxieties and battles", which he dreamed about since childhood, and into which he nevertheless escaped "from stuffy cells and prayers." He finds himself there, "where people are free, like eagles." He admires what he has been striving for for so long: "lush fields, hills covered with a crown of trees ...".

Man and nature in the poem are considered as two special worlds coexisting in harmony and at the same time in confrontation with each other. The landscape of the Caucasus is introduced by M. Yu. Lermontov into the poem mainly as a means for revealing the image of Mtsyri, he describes nature vividly, exotically, freely, which corresponds to the inner content of the hero. When a boy enters a monastery, he is compared to a chamois:

... was, it seemed, about six years old,

Like a chamois of the mountains, shy and wild

And weak and flexible, like a reed.

Chamois is the embodiment of freedom, free life. Such a comparison clearly shows that a child will not take root in a closed monastery. Mtsyri cannot live calmly and submissively behind the stone walls of the monastery, and now he is free. In the wild, the young man sees harmony, brotherhood, unity, which was not given to know in a society of people:

God's garden blossomed all around me;

Rainbow plants

Kept traces of heavenly tears,

And curls of vines

Curled, showing off between the trees ...

M. Yu. Lermontov endows the hero with the ability to understand, see, subtly feel and love nature, finding in this the joy of life. And Mtsyri enjoys the picturesque landscape, resting from the darkness of the monastery.

The poem also reflected a love motive. He was embodied in a short meeting of our hero with a young Georgian woman near a mountain stream. Mtsyri is able to understand and appreciate human beauty. He notices that the girl is "slim ... like a poplar, the king of her fields ...". The young man wanted to follow her, but could not, because "there was only one goal, to go to his native country, he had in his soul ...". The hero conquers the involuntary desire for love in his young heart, giving up personal happiness in the name of freedom.

But Mtsyri's dream was not destined to come true. His landmark on the way home was the mountains, but suddenly he “lost sight of the mountains and then began to go astray.”

Our hero is in despair. The beautiful forest, the beauty of which he had been enjoying yesterday, whose birdsong he had been listening to for a long time, suddenly becomes "more frightening and thicker every hour." The harmony of man and nature is collapsing: "... with a million black eyes The darkness watched the night ...".

Mtsyri is now in the power of the hostile. And here comes the climax of the poem - the scene of a deadly fight between a man and a leopard. Here, with the highest strength, the stamina and courage of our hero are manifested. He himself is "like a desert leopard, angry and wild." At the moment of danger, the forces of a fighter wake up in him. In this fight, the heroic essence of the character of the protagonist is revealed. He is not afraid of death, he defeats the beast and, despite his wounds, continues on his way home. But how scared he became in the morning when he realizes that he got lost in the forest and came back to the monastery walls. The return to the wild nature is closed to a person spoiled by civilization, such is the opinion of M. Yu. Lermontov.

Mtsyri ends his life, barely "knowing the bliss of liberty." The duel with the leopard cost him his life, the wounds were fatal. But the hero does not regret what happened at all. The approach of death does not weaken the spirit of the hero. These short three days he lived a real, free life. Only this time he calls bliss, the greatness of nature opened before him, he knew the joy of victory and experienced the exciting effect of female beauty. Mtsyri, in the face of death, admits that even now he would “trade paradise and eternity” for a few minutes of free life among close and dear people. Our hero is dying. Before dying, he asks to be transferred to the garden:

By the glow of a blue day

I'm drunk for the last time.

From there you can see the Caucasus!

Perhaps he is from his heights

Greetings farewell will send me ...

Mtsyri spent only three days at large. And it is during this time that the inner world of the hero is revealed. He discovers in himself feelings that were previously completely unfamiliar to him. The young man fails to achieve his goal - to see his native home - but even his death is perceived as a victory. Mtsyri did not break either despair or terrible trials; until the last minute, he remains true to himself and his ideal.

M. Yu. Lermontov's poem "Mtsyri" (history of creation, plot, idea, hero)
The poem is one of the central genres in the work of M. Yu. Lermontov. For my
The life of the great poet created about thirty poems.
The poem is based on the story of how a Russian general is lucky from the Caucasus
captive boy, who falls ill on the way, and the general leaves him in
monastery, where the rest of the life of the unfortunate captive passes. This plot was
spiritually close to the romantic poet.
"Mtsyri" means "non-serving monk". The hero of the poem is a six-year-old boy
falls into a foreign land and remains in a monastery, where he was sheltered out of pity
novice. At first, he does not make contact with the monk and protests as best he can,
against his position: refuses food, behaves proudly. However, with
over time, he gets used to everything and even forgets his native language.
The disappearance of Mtsyri becomes a real mystery for the inhabitants of the monastery.
To explain the behavior of the hero, the author provides the reader with his
confession. In confession, Mtsyri speaks of longing, which, like a worm, gnawed at him all these
years. Not knowing the words "father" and "mother", the hero sought to find at least someone close to him.
and hug their chest. He also dreamed of a life full of anxieties and passions. For one
such a life he was ready to give two lives in a monastery and for such a life
went on the run. The days of escape became true life for Mtsyri,
true happiness.
In the poem "Mtsyri" the author embodies the patriotic idea. It is no coincidence that in
the original epigraph to the work said that a person has only one
fatherland. The named idea is combined in the poem with the idea of ​​freedom. Both ideas
merge into one, but the "fiery passion" of the hero. Love for the motherland and thirst for will -
reasons for Mtsyra's escape. The monastery is a prison for him. Mtsyri leads
the desire to know, "we were born into this world for the will or the prison."

The hero is ready to fight for his homeland, and Lermontov sympathetically sings of warlike
Mtsyra's dreams. In dreams are Mtsyri battles, where he is the winner. Dreams are calling
him into the "wonderful world of worries and battles." Yearning for his homeland, the young man says that he could be
"in the land of the fathers, not one of the last daring ones."
Mtsyra has reason to believe so. He is characterized by fortitude and severe
restraint, he is a strong man. “Do you remember, in my childhood I did not know tears
never,” he says of himself.
A huge emotional shock for Mtsyri is a meeting with
beauty Georgian. The image of the dark-skinned woman touched his heart vividly,
who also knew love. However, the young man, defeating the surging feelings, refuses to
from personal happiness in the name of the ideal of freedom to which he aspires.
The hero, who fled from the monastery, is also amazed by the wonderful landscapes, magnificent
open spaces that open up to him, longing for freedom. With rapture
he speaks of lush fields, of crowned hills, of trees "overgrown
around”, about piles of dark rocks, about mountain ranges, about “gray unshakable Caucasus”.
The former monastic prisoner feels his closeness to nature.
In a fight with a leopard, all the power of Mtsyri's strong character is revealed. He's coming out
the winner from a duel with a mighty beast. Death is not terrible for Mtsyri.
True death for him is a return to the monastery.
A huge disappointment overtakes the hero when, having lost his way, he again
turns out to be at the walls of the monastery, from which he fled.
The tragic ending does not deprive Mtsyri of fortitude. He does not repent of his deed, and
in a few minutes of will, he is still ready to give up "paradise and eternity." Defeated
By the will of circumstances, the young man is not spiritually broken.
“What a fiery soul, what a mighty spirit, what a gigantic nature this
Mtsyri! - wrote V. G. Belinsky. Belinsky also believed that Mtsyri was a beloved
the ideal of the poet, "the reflection in poetry of the shadow of his own personality."

Genre - romantic poem-confession
Background of the poem
In 1837, while driving along the Georgian Military Highway, Lermontov met an old highlander,
whose life story formed the basis of the plot.
The central theme of the work is the glorification of a rebellious, freedom-loving personality.
Idea
In the poem "Mtsyri" the author embodies the patriotic idea. It is no coincidence that in the original
the epigraph to the work said that a person has only one fatherland. Named
the idea is combined in the poem with the idea of ​​freedom.
Composition of the poem
At first glance, the composition of the poem is very simple: a brief exposition, a plot - the hero's escape from
monastery, his return and the story of three days spent outside the monastery walls, and, finally,
death of Mtsyri. However, each plot motif is symbolically expanded by the author and filled with deep
philosophical meaning. For example, in the author’s speech, the monastery is “guardian walls”, and for
the hero's monastery is a prison, a symbol of his lack of freedom, the impossibility of choosing his own fate. Three
the days spent by the hero in freedom become a symbol of human life, since they contain
all the brightest life impressions. In addition, the image of Mtsyri languishing in captivity
symbolizes a person experiencing in any situation the same drama as the hero of the poem in his
imprisonment.
The looping of the plot speaks of the external defeat of Mtsyri. His homeland is an absolute ideal,
a symbol of freedom to strive for. But the young man, until his last breath, yearns to find his will.
The finale of the poem is imbued with life-affirming pathos.

Composition and plot

Exposure.
Chapter 1
Description of the nature and ruins of the monastery
background
hero
Chapter 2
As a boy, Mtsyri was taken away from his native places. Seriously ill, he was left in the monastery "Without complaints, he / languished,
even a faint groan / Did not fly out of children's lips, /
He rejected food with a sign / And quietly, proudly died.
He grew up lonely, was shy of everyone, wandered "driven by an obscure longing / On the side of his native." Already preparing to become a monk,
a young man "on an autumn night" disappears from the monastery. Three days later he is found unconscious at the monastery
Hero's Confession
Chapters 3–8.
Memories
and the dreams of a hero
Mtsyri tells the elder (“Everything is better in front of someone / With words, lighten my chest;<…>/ Is it possible to have a soul
tell me?") about his dreams of returning to his homeland, recalls his childhood in his father's house. The young man longs for "although for a moment
someday / My flaming chest / Press with longing to the chest of another, / Though unfamiliar, but dear. In one of
stormy nights, he escapes from the monastery (the plot of the action)
Chapters 9–26.
Mtsyri's story
about three days
life
outside
monastery
In the wild, the hero is fascinated by the beauty of nature: "God's garden bloomed around me."
The young man understands the voices of birds, trees, earth: “They whispered through the bushes, / As if they were talking / About secrets
heaven and earth; / And all the natures of the voice / Merged here ... "
Meeting with a young Georgian woman Mtsyri meets a girl walking towards the river.
He experiences the feeling of falling in love for the first time:
"And the darkness of the eyes was so deep, / So full of the secrets of love, / That my ardent thoughts / Confused." The hero does not care
peace of the girl, his goal is to quickly find himself in his homeland.
Meeting with a leopard (culmination) At night, Mtsyri goes astray, in the forest he collides with a leopard: “The battle began to boil,
mortal combat!”. “And I was terrible at that moment;
Like a desert leopard, angry and wild ... "The hero defeats the beast, which left on the chest of the exhausted young man" deep traces
claws." Return to the monastery (denouement) Coming out of the forest, the hero sees the places where he spent his youth: “I returned to
my prison." Feeling that he is dying, the hero hears the song of a goldfish calling him into the water to forget himself there.
deep sleep. The hero is found by the monks and transferred to the monastery. Before his death, the young man still yearns for his homeland:
"Alas! - in a few minutes Between the steep and dark rocks, Where I played as a child, I would trade heaven and eternity ... "

16
Do you remember your childhood years?
I never knew tears;
But then I cried without shame.
Who could see? Only dark forest
Yes, the month that floated in the sky!
Illuminated by his beam
Covered in moss and sand
impenetrable wall
Surrounded, in front of me
There was a field.
Suddenly a shadow flashed across it, and two lights
Sparks flew... and then
Some kind of beast in one leap
Jumped out of the bowl and lay down,
Playing, back on the sand.
That was the desert's eternal guest - the mighty leopard.
Raw bone He gnawed and squealed merrily;
That bloody gaze directed,
Wagging your tail gently
For a full month - and on it
The wool was sheen with silver.
I waited, grabbing a horned bough,
A minute of battle; heart suddenly
Ignited by the thirst for struggle And blood ... yes, the hand of fate
She took me in a different direction...
But now I'm sure
What could be in the land of fathers
Not one of the last daredevils.
17
I was waiting. And in the shadow of the night he sensed the Enemy, and howl
Drawling, plaintive like a groan
There was suddenly ... and he began
Angrily paw dig sand,
He stood on his hind legs, then lay down,
And the first crazy jump
I was threatened with a terrible death ...
But I warned him.
My blow was true and fast.
My reliable bitch is like an ax
His wide forehead was cut ...
He groaned like a man
And capsized. But again
Although blood poured from the wound
Thick, wide wave,
The battle has begun, the deadly battle! 18
He threw himself on my chest towards me;
But in the throat I managed to stick
And then turn twice
My weapon... He howled
I rushed with my last strength,
And we, intertwined like a pair of snakes,
Hugging tightly two friends,
Fell at once, and in the darkness
The fight continued on the ground.
And I was terrible at that moment;
Like a desert leopard, angry and wild,
I burned, squealed like him;
As if I myself was born
In the family of leopards and wolves
Under the fresh forest canopy.
It seemed that the words of people
I forgot - and in my chest
That terrible cry was born
As if from childhood my tongue
I'm not used to the sound...
But my enemy began to languish,
Move, breathe slower
Squeezed me for the last time...
The pupils of his motionless eyes
Flashed menacingly - and then
Closed quietly eternal sleep;
But with a triumphant enemy
He met death face to face
As a fighter follows in battle! ..
(M. Yu. Lermontov. "Mtsyri")

What role does the above scene play in the development of the plot of M. Yu. Lermontov's poem "Mtsyri"?
Highlight keywords. In this case, it is important to focus on the concept of "plot". Formulate an answer to
question. Mtsyri's battle with an angry leopard is the climax. It is very important for a young man, as it is
duel of physical strength and strength of mind.
Be sure to formulate the author's position: M. Yu. Lermontov emphasizes that the emaciated hero
driven by a great will to win. In this fight, the leopard symbolizes for the hero all fatal circumstances,
which deprived him of his freedom, and he seeks to overcome these circumstances.
The previously dormant instincts wake up, and Mtsyri puts all the unspent energy into the fight.
Defeating an angry beast, he takes over not only a worthy opponent, but also over everyone else,
visible and invisible enemies.
In what works of Russian classics are fights depicted and in what way can these works be compared with
poem by M. Yu. Lermontov "Mtsyri"?
As a literary context, the novels of A. S. Pushkin "The Captain's Daughter", "Eugene
Onegin”, “Song about ... the merchant Kalashnikov” by M. Yu. Lermontov, “Fathers and Sons” by I. S. Turgenev, “War and Peace” by L. N.
Tolstoy. Justify your choice.
Comparing the fights from Lermontov's poems ("Mtsyri" and "Song about ... the merchant Kalashnikov"), we can emphasize
similarity, which lies in the fact that for the heroes it is not only physical, but also spiritual and moral
confrontation. In these works, the winner is the one for whom victory means something more than
simply physical superiority: for Mtsyra, victory is a sign of military prowess, as well as overcoming hostile
circumstances, and for Kalashnikov - the restoration of honor.
Go to the second parallel, for example, to L. N. Tolstoy's epic novel "War and Peace", in
in which an important place is occupied by the duel between Dolokhov and Pierre Bezukhov. Justify your
choice. Briefly describe how the conflict between the characters developed and what led to the duel.
Comparing the works, you can emphasize that for Lermontov's hero Mtsyri, the duel
carries an important meaning. In the novel by L. N. Tolstoy, Pierre Bezukhov is aware of the meaninglessness and
the absurdity of the duel.
Summing up, note that many Russian classics refer to the duel as a means of
conflict resolution. The duel allows the author to reveal the image of the hero deeper.

1.
1.
What is the meaning of the epigraph to the poem "Mtsyri" "Eating, tasting little honey, and now I'm dying"?
The epigraph of the poem by M. Yulermontov refers us to the biblical story. During one of the battles
Saul's soldiers felt tired. But the king said that he would execute anyone who tasted
I write until I take revenge on my enemies. And none of the people tasted the bread. Only son of Saul
Ianofan, who did not know about his father's curse, tasted some honey. Before the execution, he bitterly said:
“Eating, tasting a little honey, and now I die.”
These words reflect the injustice of the fate of not only the son of Saul, but also Lermontov's hero,
who lived a real life for only three days and had to die in the prime of life.
M.YuLermontov's poem begins with a story about how, after the conquest of Georgia by Russia, a prisoner
the child finds shelter "within the protective walls" of the monastery. Brought up in a mountaineer family, he
inherits "the mighty spirit of his fathers":
He rejected food with a sign And quietly, proudly died.
Mtsyri will languish with "a vague longing for his native side." Appearance Controversy
(“both weak and flexible as a reed”) and the inner strength of the hero will form the basis of a romantic
character.
Ready to take monastic vows, the novice will suddenly make an escape. Among the forests, in the wild,
Mtsyri will turn into a hero of a folk poetic epic, having entered into a fight with a leopard. After
after three days of wandering, he will return to the monastery to die. His fiery monologue will be filled with homesickness and freedom.
The author claims the justice of Mtsyri's uprising against rock, the atheistic rebellion of the hero, which
is reflected in the epigraph.
For what purpose did Lermontov in the poem "Mtsyri" deprive the protagonist of his personal name?
The hero is nameless, his fate is the generalized fate of a romantic prisoner, and not
specific person.

Option 1.
Do you want to know what I did
At will? Lived - and my life
Without these three blessed days
It would be sadder and gloomier
Your powerless old age.
Long time ago I thought
Look at the distant fields
Find out if the earth is beautiful
Find out for freedom or prison
We will be born into this world.
And at the hour of the night, a terrible hour,
When the storm scared you
When, crowding at the altar,
You lay prostrate on the ground
I ran. Oh I'm like a brother
I would be happy to embrace the storm!
With the eyes of the clouds I followed
I caught lightning with my hand ...

Could you give me in return

10.

1. With the help of what artistic techniques is deployed in the poem
opposition of "will" and "prison"?
In the poem, Lermontov gives concise, but full of expressive details
characteristics of each of the worlds opposed to each other.
The prison is a monastery behind gloomy stone walls, cold,
devoid of vivid colors. The scene during a thunderstorm when the monks huddled
in front of the altar and humbly prayed to the higher powers for mercy, does not cause
Mtsyri no other feelings than sympathetic contempt and pity.
True life - "will" - is revealed to the hero of Lermontov after
escape from the monastery in the hope of finding a way to their homeland. natural world
called by him "God's garden": a transparent blue sky, climbing vines, the voices of birds merging in a magical choir, a lively dialect
plants - this is the hero's dream come true. And even when nature
demonstrates his stern disposition (a terrible night spent by Mtsyri on
the edge of the gorge, makes him experience the formidable beauty of the mountain in a different way.
nature), it does not lose the features of the ideal world for the hero: it has
living spirit, genuine passion and strength. Homeland as the purpose of travel
Mtsyri is presented in perfect colors: it is a “peaceful house” and “evening
hearth”, where the father gathers on “lunar evenings” (Mtsyri remembers him in battle armor), “swarty old men” and young sisters. Even
the color scheme in which the image of the motherland is written differs sharply from
monochrome “graphics” of monastic life: the hero recalls the “golden
sand" at the bottom of a mountain stream and the glitter of daggers.

11.

XXIII.
8
Do you want to know what I did
At will? Lived - and my life
Without these three blessed days
It would be sadder and gloomier
Your powerless old age.
Long time ago I thought
Look at the distant fields
Find out if the earth is beautiful
Find out for freedom or prison
We will be born into this world.
And at the hour of the night, a terrible hour,
When the storm scared you
When, crowding at the altar,
You lay prostrate on the ground
I ran. Oh I'm like a brother
I would be happy to embrace the storm!
With the eyes of the clouds I followed
I caught lightning with my hand ...
Tell me what's between these walls
Could you give me in return
That friendship is short, but alive,
Between a stormy heart and a thunderstorm? ..
9
I ran for a long time - where, where?
Don't know! not a single star
Didn't light up the hard way.
I had fun inhaling
Into my tormented chest
The night freshness of those forests
But only! I have many hours
I ran, and finally, tired,
Lie down between tall grasses;
I listened: there is no chase.
The storm has subsided. pale light
Stretched in a long strip
Between dark sky and earth
And I distinguished, like a pattern,
On it are the teeth of distant mountains;
Motionless, silently I lay,
Sometimes in the gorge a jackal
Screaming and crying like a child
And, shining with smooth scales,
The snake slithered between the stones;
But fear did not grip my soul:
I myself, like a beast, was a stranger to people
And he crawled and hid like a snake.
10
Down deep below me
A stream reinforced by a thunderstorm
Noisy, and its noise is deaf
Angry hundred voices
Got it. Although without words
I understood that conversation
Silent murmur, eternal dispute
With a stubborn pile of stones.
Then he suddenly subsided, then stronger
It resounded in the silence;
And so, in the misty sky
The birds sang, and the east
got rich; breeze
Raw stirred the sheets;
Sleepy flowers died,
And like them, towards the day
I raised my head...
I looked around; don't melt:
I became afraid; on the edge
Of the threatening abyss I lay,
Where howled, spinning, an angry shaft;
There were steps of rocks;
But only an evil spirit walked on them,
When, cast down from heaven,
Disappeared in an underground abyss.
(M.Yu. Lermontov. "Mtsyri")

12.

1.
2.
3.
4.
What are the reasons for Mtsyra's escape from the monastery?
What feelings will imbue Mtsyri's story about a night escape from
monastery?
Why didn't the encounter with the wild night nature frighten the hero?
What role does the description of nature play in the disclosure of spiritual experiences
the hero of the poem?
Scenery
The Caucasian landscape is introduced into the poem mainly as a means of revealing
hero image. Mtsyri's environment is alien to him, but he keenly feels his own
relationship with nature. The hero compares himself to a pale leaf that has grown
between wet slabs. Breaking free, he, along with sleepy flowers
raises its head when the east is rich. He falls to the ground and finds out
like a fairy-tale hero, the secret of bird songs, the riddles of their prophetic chirping. To him
understandable is the dispute of the stream with the stones, the thought of the disconnected rocks, thirsty
meetings. His gaze is sharpened: he notices the brilliance of snake scales and the ebb
ribs on the fur of a leopard, he sees the teeth of distant mountains and a pale stripe
"between the dark sky and earth", it seems to him that his "diligent gaze" could
to follow through the transparent blue of the sky the flight of angels.
.
Mtsyri never achieves his goal and dies in a foreign land, but this is not
deprives the work of life-affirming pathos. Lermontov glorifies
a man who fights to the last breath, and this tragic lyricism
illuminates the ending.

13.

2. Compare the fragment of the poem by M.Yu. Lermontov "Mtsyri" with the fragment below
story by L.N. Tolstoy "Prisoner of the Caucasus". How do the two descriptions of the escape differ?
Zhilin crossed himself, grabbed the lock on the block with his hand so as not to strum, went along
on the road, dragging his foot, but he keeps looking at the glow, where the moon rises. He knew the way.
Go straight eight versts. If only I could reach the forest before the moon is completely gone.
He crossed the river, - the light behind the mountain had already turned white. He went through the hollow, he walks, he glances himself: no
look like another month. Already the glow has brightened and on one side of the hollow it is getting lighter, lighter
becomes. A shadow crawls downhill, everything approaches it.
Zhilin is walking, keeping the shadows. He is in a hurry, and the month is getting out even faster; over and to the right
tops lit up. He began to approach the forest, a month got out from behind the mountains - white, light,
just like during the day. All the leaves are visible on the trees. Quiet, light in the mountains, how everything died out.
You can only hear the river murmuring below.
I reached the forest - no one got caught. Zhilin chose a darker place in the forest, sat down to rest.
Rested, ate a cake. He found a stone, began to knock down the block again. All hands beat, eh
didn't hit. He got up and walked down the road. I walked a mile, I was exhausted - my legs hurt. steps
ten steps and stop, “There is nothing to do,” he thinks, “I will drag myself as long as I have strength. And if
sit down, I won't get up. I can’t reach the fortress, but as soon as it dawns, I’ll lie down in the forest, front, and
I'll go again at night."
Walked all night. Only two Tartars were caught on horseback, but Zhilin heard them from afar,
buried behind a tree.
Already the month began to turn pale, the dew fell, close to the light, but Zhilin did not reach the edge of the forest. "Well, -
thinks, “I’ll walk another thirty steps, turn into the forest and sit down.” He walked thirty steps, he sees -
the forest ends. He went out to the edge - it was completely light, like on the palm of his hand in front of him the steppe and the fortress, and
to the left, close under the mountain, the fires burn, go out, smoke spreads and people around the fires. (L.N.
Tolstoy. "Prisoner of the Caucasus")

14.

2. Compare the fragments of the poem by M.Yu. Lermontov "Mtsyri" and the story of N.V.
Gogol "Taras Bulba". What is the difference between the pictures of nature presented in
these fragments?
In the evening the whole steppe completely changed.<…>Across the sky, from the blue-dark, as
as if with a gigantic brush, wide bands of pink gold were smeared;
from time to time light and transparent clouds shone white in tufts, and the freshest,
seductive as the waves of the sea, the breeze barely swayed over the tops
grass and lightly touched his cheeks. All the music that filled the day subsided and
was replaced by another. Motley ravines crawled out of their holes, stood on
hind legs and announced the steppe with a whistle. The crackling of the grasshoppers became
more audible. Sometimes the cry of a swan was heard from some secluded lake and,
like silver reverberated through the air. Travelers, stopping among the fields,
they chose an overnight stay, laid out a fire and put a cauldron on it, in which they cooked
kulish for yourself; the steam escaped and indirectly smoked in the air. After dinner, Cossacks
they went to bed, having let their tangled horses go through the grass. They scattered over
scrolls. The night stars looked directly at them. They heard with their ears
the countless world of insects that filled the grass, all their crackling, whistling, croaking;
all this was loudly heard in the middle of the night, cleared in the fresh night air and
came to the ear harmonic. If any of them got up and
stood up for a while, then he imagined the steppe dotted with brilliant sparks
glowing worms. Sometimes the night sky in different places was illuminated by a distant light.
a glow from dry reeds burned out over meadows and rivers, and a dark string
swans flying north was suddenly illuminated by a silver-pink light, and
then it seemed that red handkerchiefs were flying across the dark sky.
(N.V. Gogol, "Taras Bulba")

15.

Gogol's nature.
The image of the steppe for the writer is the image of the Motherland, strong, powerful and
beautiful. In the description of the steppe, the hot
Gogol's love for his native land, faith in its strength and power,
admiration for its beauty and endless expanses. free,
boundless steppes help to understand the character of the Cossacks, the origins of their
heroism. Only courageous people can live in such a steppe,
proud, strong, courageous, endowed with breadth of soul and generosity
hearts. The steppe is the birthplace of heroes, Cossack warriors.
The description of the steppe creates an emotional background for the narrative, but
nature here is not just a background against which
events unfold, and this is a way of revealing the character
character. Nature accompanies the Cossacks, admires them during their
cheerful revelry, helps them in military affairs. Gogol paints beautiful pictures of nature, which, on the one hand, is in harmony with
a sense of freedom that filled the hearts of the heroes heading to
Zaporizhzhya Sich is a society of free people. On the other side,
the harmony and tranquility of nature contrast with the revelry and
the recklessness of the life of the Sich. The steppe is the motherland of the Cossacks and, as
mother, she takes them into her arms to console, convey
life force and energy. Steppe and Cossacks - something consonant, dear
each other.

16.

Features of romanticism in M. Yu. Lermontov's poem "Mtsyri"
The poem "Mtsyri" was created in the late period of M.Yu. Lermontov, in 1839.
Researchers consider it one of the last examples of romantic poetry of the century.
We find the features of romanticism in the plot of the work, title, composition, form
presentation (the main part of the poem is the monologue of the protagonist), images and motives.
One of the features of romantic works is exoticism. The title of the poem is unusual to hear
Russian reader. It evokes memories of distant lands with an unfamiliar bright
nature, unusual way of life of people. The Georgian word "mtsyri" has a double meaning. It
can be translated as "non-serving monk", but can also mean "newcomer", "wanderer".
The image of the central character is mysterious, this is also indicated by the double meaning of the title. It is not clear from
what people Mtsyri comes from, where exactly is his homeland, under what circumstances does he
was captured, what happened to his family, in the finale of the poem it is not clear why exactly he dies.
Mysteriousness is not the only feature of Mtsyri. The hero is extraordinarily brave, dexterous and smart, he knows how to
to see beauty, to express thoughts emotionally and figuratively. Mtsyri is alien to humility, and precisely
therefore he could not become a monk. A free, rebellious hero is depicted, who even
in the face of death, he does not ask for forgiveness, but he is ready to exchange paradise and eternity "in a few minutes /
Between steep and dark rocks", in the region where he played as a child.
The romantic plot is characterized by the motives of exile or escape. From familiar places hero
goes to unusual places: to unfamiliar countries, to a wild forest, to a fantasy world.
Lermontov's hero runs to his native place. The distant homeland seems to him an ideal space.
The soul of Mtsyri strives "into that wonderful world of anxieties and battles." Contrasting freedom and
lack of freedom emphasizes the romantic dual world: the hero spent his whole life in captivity and all his life
strove for freedom, the symbol of which was the distant mountains, "... where the rocks hide in the clouds, / where
people are free like eagles." The hero's wish comes true: he is free. However, to get to
he does not succeed at a distant home. The world of freedom in the poem is the world of wild nature. Reusing
personification, Lermontov animates this wonderful world. Unfold before the reader
vivid pictures of the Caucasus mountains and forests, infinitely beautiful and dangerous. Unable to survive this
free world, the hero was on the verge of death "... and sobbed in a frenzy, / And gnawed at his raw chest
earth" ... "In vain in a rage at times / I tore with a desperate hand / Blackthorn, tangled with ivy: /
The whole forest was, the eternal forest all around ... ”The ideal, as in many romantic works, remained
unattainable.

17.

The culmination of the poem is the battle with the leopard. Romance carefully
belonged to folklore, collected legends, borrowed from them
motives, images. The plot of the fight with a wild beast (usually with
tiger) is characteristic of Georgian folklore. In this work
the plot looks like a struggle of a person with the elements, a struggle, obviously
doomed to failure, but no less tense for that. The final
battle emphasizes the exclusivity of the hero. Mtsyri does
impossible. He wins.
The motive of struggle, characteristic of romanticism, determines and
character of the figurative means of the poem. Yes, one of the most
common means of expression are
opposition, antithesis. Opposite will-captivity,
earth-sky, homeland-foreign land, past-present, old age-
youth, darkness-light, and, ultimately, life and death. The hero is not
afraid of death: the main thing for him is to taste life, to live life
short, but bright, memorable, despite the fact that
joining such a life can lead to death. That's the point
epigraph: "Eating, tasting a little honey, and now I die."
So in the poem "Mtsyri" we find all the features of a romantic
works. An exceptional hero finds himself in exceptional
circumstances, running away from the familiar everyday world.
The world of the monastery, the world of the distant home and the world of the wild are contrasted.
exotic nature. Rebellion, violation of the ban, desire for
will, freedom - such motives form the basis of the poem.

18.

1.1.2. The poem "Mtsyri" (1839) is a classic example
romantic work. The character of the protagonist, devoid of
name and endowed only with the definition of "novice, black man",
corresponds to romantic canons. It has the most power
manifests a desire for the ideal, a thirst for freedom, a strong will and
selflessness on the way to the goal:
I knew only one thought power,
One - but fiery passion:
She, like a worm, lived in me,
It gnawed at the soul and burned it.
The homeland - the Caucasus - becomes a romantic ideal for the hero. There, in
"the land of anxieties and battles," the soul of Mtsyri strives. He flees from the monastic
cells, like other heroes of Lermontov's works ("Confession",
"Boyarin Orsha"). For three days he enjoys freedom. The tragedy of the failed life of a novice who tasted freedom and perished develops into
the theme of inevitability, fate.
The fate of the hero was predetermined in childhood, when the captive
the boy ended up in the walls of the monastery. The end of the poem is logical:
Iya, as he lived, in a foreign land I will die a slave and an orphan.
The drama of Mtsyri - to go through life without leaving a trace - is typical for
Lermontov's heroes. They are aware of their lot - to die, like
prison flower, transferred to the sun and burned by it.

19.

E. Erokhin.
Why does the story of Mtsyra's flight from the monastery end tragically? (based on the poem by M.Yu. Lermontov
"Mtsyri")?

personality. Mtsyri is characterized by the inconsistency and duality inherent in many of Lermontov's heroes. Mtsyri is a highlander by origin. From the point of view of romantics, this is a "natural person",
living in primitive conditions, and therefore close to nature, it is characterized by the state of a child's
purity and naturalness. But, brought up within the walls of the monastery on the basis of other - Christian -
moral principles, Mtsyri largely lost his "natural" roots. This is prison
flower”, which is torn to freedom, but having found it, dies.

civilization, how much against what is imposed on him. That is why Mtsyri perceives the monastery as
prison. Escape from there is a rush to freedom and an attempt to know life, to find oneself. Three days for
will symbolically recreate the fullness of life: “Do you want to know what I did / In the wild? Lived..."

inner unity "between a stormy heart and a thunderstorm." No wonder the climax of the poem is the battle
a hero with a leopard, where both - man and beast - become equal fighters. But both of them
meet death. This is how the edge of the gap is outlined, which, deepening, shows the pattern of death
Mtsyri. Nature seems to take revenge on him for the fact that he moved away from her. She lures into the thicket, collides with
leopard, and then mercilessly scorches the wounded body with heat.
But why does nature reject the one who wants to be a part of it? She insidiously attracts and destroys a young man who
lost, being brought up in a foreign environment, his naturalness. For a fight with the formidable elements at Mtsyra
there is courage and will, but there is not enough strength and inner integrity. In his dying delirium he hears a song
fish, in which the young man discovers other aspects of his personality: the need for love and peace,
the opportunity to dissolve in silence and coolness. What does this symbolic image mean? Really
Is this the true love that Mtsyri craves so much, or is it a deception that portends death? It's hard to give
rational interpretation of this image, reflecting the vague desire of a dying youth.
Maybe Mtsyri is one of those languishing and restless souls who still remembers her native
element, but has already lost touch with it forever, as in the poem "Angel". Then the tragedy of her fate
must be regarded as foreordained from eternity. After all, the opportunity to break the shackles of the earth and regain
freedom, regaining the sky - this is death.

20.

Life values ​​​​of Mtsyri (based on the poem by M. Yu. Lermontov "Mtsyri")
Literature often confronts its heroes with the problem of choice: which path to take, which spiritual
values ​​to navigate how to act in a given situation? In the poem "Mtsyri" M. Yu. Lermontov also
testing his hero.
Mtsyri is a non-serving monk. As a six-year-old boy, by the will of fate, he ended up in a monastery, where he spent
all of my life. The first time of imprisonment, Mtsyri is very homesick and protests against his position:
refuses food, behaves aloof and closed. However, time heals - the boy gets used to everything and
even forgets his native language.
Time passes, and Mtsyri leaves the monastery. Why? What prompted him to run away? This is revealed to us by the poet in
hero confessions.
Stuffy cells, an atmosphere of complete humility, tranquility, peace and quiet, meekness is something against
what a hero rises. He seeks a life full of worries and struggles. It is no coincidence that, remembering the fatherland, a young man
remembers the glitter of daggers. The thirst for struggle allows him to present himself as a real daredevil:
But now I'm sure that there would be a magician in the land of the fathers Not from the last daring.
Real life for Mtsyri is overcoming obstacles. Eternal harmony is not for him. Captivity of the monastery
hated by the hero:
I lived little, and lived in captivity. Such two lives for one, But only full of worries, I would trade if I could, -
he says.
The ideal environment for Mtsyri is one "where people are free like eagles." Freedom is another life value
hero. The young man has a fiery heart and yearns for real human passions. He wants to know
love and hate, the living beating of an agitated heart.
The hero yearns for his homeland, strives for it and dreams about it. Motherland is sacred for Mtsyri, despite the fact that he
left her as a child. Majestic mountains, wise old men - all this pops up in poetic
hero's memories.
Three days on the road, Mtsyri manifests himself as a strong, powerful person. He is desperate
breaks through the thorn bush, courageously enters into a fight with the leopard; wounded, continues on his way.
Suddenly seeing again the hated walls of the monastery, Mtsyri becomes desperate. The less
less he is the winner in this fight with life. The young man does not repent of his act at all. These three days
escape, full of struggle, freedom - real life for Mtsyri. For a breath of freedom, he is ready to give everything he had
earlier. Mtsyri does not deviate from his idea, until the last minutes of his life he is faithful to those life values, for the sake of
whom he made his escape.
Critic V. G. Belinsky argued that the hero of the poem "Mtsyri" is the ideal of Lermontov, that he is
"a reflection in poetry of the shadow of his own personality." The freedom-loving Lermontov really trusts
Mtsyri your innermost thoughts, your idea of ​​life priorities.

21.

Task 1.1.2.
What is the role of the image of a young dove in stanza 5?
The image of the dove in these lines is tied to the monastery. Aliens live within the walls of the Abode,
speaking a foreign language, professing a foreign faith, hostile to the natural world,
natural freedom, and therefore, naturally, afraid of thunderstorms (embodiments of nature). So
Thus, the Dove is a metaphor for the inhabitants of the world, where people are not harmed. We know that the image
The dove in general in the Christian tradition is steadily associated with the embodiment of meekness and the Holy Spirit
(remember the gospel).
In addition, the semantics of the Dove here has another aspect: speaking of the dove, Mtsyri speaks of
yourself. The dove is young - young and youthful. The dove is “a child of an unknown country”, but the hero of the poem is also
stranger in the monastery. But if so, then this dove flies away from the monastery to make dreams of
"riotous youth" and become "free as an eagle", i.e., become an eagle.
And the eagle is the ferocious bird of Zeus, the god of thunder. Free highlanders are usually compared with eagles.
Task 1.1.3.
Compare the above fragment with the poem by A.S. Pushkin "The Prisoner". What is the difference
the mood of the works?
Before us are romantic works that reveal the inner world of the hero. Both situations and
characters are similar. In the poem by M.Yu. Lermontov told the fate of the highlander, rushing to freedom from captivity,
but did not receive it. Mtsyri - lonely, rebellious, living a dream and longing to return to
homeland. The poem by A. S. Pushkin is also imbued with love of freedom, the desire for freedom.
The hero of the poem is a prisoner striving for freedom.
However, everything has already happened for Mtsyra: his escape failed, and he, exhausted and a stranger to everyone,
dies, saying goodbye to his dream and the world. And for Pushkin's hero, escape is still just a dream,
he only "conceived" to "fly away" from his dungeon. Because Pushkin's poem is imbued with
mood of dreams, expectations of will.

22.

2.1. Was the tragic ending of Mtsyra's fate predetermined? Justify your point of view.
(Option 1)
The tragedy of Mtsyra's fate is determined by the plot of the poem, revealing the features of an extraordinary
personality. Mtsyri is characterized by the inconsistency and duality inherent in many heroes.
Lermontov. Mtsyri is a highlander by origin. From the point of view of romantics, this is "natural
man”, living in primitive conditions, and therefore close to nature, it is typical for him
a state of childlike purity and naturalness. But, brought up in the walls of the monastery on the basis of others -
Christian - moral principles, Mtsyri largely lost his "natural" roots.
This is a “prison flower” that strives for freedom, but when it finds it, it dies.
He flees from the monastery, because the free soul of the young man rebels not so much against the alien
civilization, how much against what is imposed on him. That's why Mtsyri perceives the monastery
like a prison. Escape from there is a rush to freedom and an attempt to know life, to find oneself. Three
days in the wild symbolically recreate the fullness of life: “Do you want to know what I did / In the wild?
Lived..."
At first, it seems to Mtsyri that the pristine nature is his native element, because he felt
inner unity "between a stormy heart and a thunderstorm." Not without reason the climax of the poem is
the battle of the hero with the leopard, where both - man and beast - become equal fighters. But both of them
meet death. This is how the edge of the gap is outlined, which, deepening, shows a pattern
the death of Mtsyra. Nature seems to take revenge on him for the fact that he moved away from her. She lures into the thicket
collides with a leopard, and then mercilessly burns the wounded body with heat.
But why does nature reject the one who wants to be a part of it? She insidiously attracts and destroys a young man,
who lost, being brought up in a foreign environment, his naturalness. For a fight with a formidable
Mtsyra has the courage and will, but lacks strength and inner integrity. In the dying
delirious, he hears the song of the fish, in which the young man discovers other aspects of his personality:
the need for love and peace, the ability to dissolve in silence and coolness. What does this mean
symbolic image? Is this really the true love that Mtsyri craves so much, or
deceit foreshadowing death? It is difficult to give a rational interpretation to this image, reflecting
the vague desire of a dying youth.
Maybe Mtsyri is one of those languishing and restless souls who still remembers her
native element, but has already lost touch with it forever, as in the poem "Angel". Then the tragedy of her
fate must be considered predetermined from eternity. After all, the opportunity to break the shackles of the earth and return
freedom, regaining the sky - this is death.

Composition based on Lermontov's poem Mtsyri

Plan

1. Introduction

2. Features of the conflict in the poem

3. Was the tragic ending of the fate of the hero predetermined

4. The theme of patriotism in the poem

« Mtsyri"- one of the best, deepest and most heartfelt poems of Lermontov. It most clearly reflects the complex ideological struggle of the era of romanticism. This is a work about freedom, which is never easy and is often associated with death.

The main conflict in the poem "Mtsyri" is the opposition of fate, the position in which the hero had to find himself, and the desire for freedom. Therefore, by the way, Lermontov and gave such a name to the poem - translated from Georgian, this word means "unemployed, half-educated monk"; one of the original variants of the name was "Bary", that is, simply "monk". The new title reflects the main problem of the work much better.

It just so happened that Mtsyri lived all his life in a monastery closed from the outside world, being deprived of the joys of life. And in the end, the thirst for this very life took over. Having escaped from the monastery, he began to catch up - he fell in love with a girl, fought with a leopard, felt a lot of new smells, tastes, saw mountains, forests, rivers and valleys. In the finale, death overtook him, and she overtook him at the walls of his native monastery, but the spirit of Mtsyri, even at that moment, was not broken.

The key point explaining the essence of the hero's tragedy is his conversation with an old monk who led a full-blooded life in his youth. The monk brought him to his senses and began to confess, but Mtsyri reproaches him. After all, he does not want to die as a slave, in the monastery, which destroyed his soul in childhood. It is easy for an old monk to talk about peace, serenity and silence, because he lived a real life, but he, Mtsyri, is fed up with this silence and serenity to the throat.

He does not regret his act - escaping from the monastery, considering it not a sin, but a feat. He spent only three days at large, but they seemed to him more full of life than his entire previous existence.

Mtsyri from childhood was a sickly and weak child, so his short life was, in fact, predetermined. This echoes the childhood of Lermontov himself, who also grew up sickly. It is important to note that the hero ran away from the monastery on an “autumn night”, at a time when it was undesirable to flee.

The lack of strength, life experience and the hostile nature of the outside world led him to death. Apparently, Mtsyri suspected something like that. He decided to escape at the wrong time, probably because he was afraid that he might not live to a more favorable time. Moreover, at that moment he was preparing to finally take the monastic vows and, thus, completely tear himself away from the world.

The hero wanted at least a little taste of life before death. It is also important that Mtsyri is always alone. His impulse does not receive support from the outside, the rest of the monks and servants do not understand his motives. Only the old monk, who confessed him before his death, finds a way to his soul and seems to understand him. “One is not a warrior in the field,” and here Mtsyri, no matter how strong will, desperate determination and courage he possesses, is not able to break free for good.

In the poem, Lermontov also raises the topic of patriotism, but interprets it in a peculiar way. The monastery became a homeland for Mtsyra - here he was sheltered, fed, educated and determined for him a further life path; he does not even know who his parents were - monks have taken their place. However, he feels that this is not the real homeland. And his real homeland is there, far away, in the direction where he, in fact, tried to escape.

Thus, the concept of the fatherland for Lermontov is inseparable from freedom; if in the “fatherland” a person feels like a slave without rights, then this fatherland is not real. Having found his parents and the village in which he was born, the hero could understand himself, discover his true destiny. Here, in the monastery walls, his personality was suppressed from childhood, replacing it with some alien attitudes.