Comparative table of breaks and Stolz. Oblomov and Stolz: comparative characteristics

The characters of the main characters in Goncharov's novel "Oblomov" are exceptionally true and talentedly depicted by the author. If the artist's task is to snatch and capture the essence of life, inaccessible to the understanding of the layman, then the great Russian writer coped with it brilliantly. Its main character, for example, personifies a whole social phenomenon, named after him "Oblomovism". No less worthy of attention is the phenomenal friendship of Oblomov and Stolz, two antipodes who, it would seem, should have irreconcilably argued with each other or even despised each other, as often happens in the communication of completely different people. However, Goncharov goes against stereotypes, linking the antagonists with strong friendship. Throughout the novel, observing the relationship between Oblomov and Stolz is not only necessary, but also interesting to the reader. The clash of two life positions, two worldviews - this is the main conflict in Goncharov's novel Oblomov.

The differences between Oblomov and Stolz are not difficult to find. Firstly, the appearance is striking: Ilya Ilyich is a portly gentleman with soft features, puffy hands, and slow gestures. His favorite clothes are a spacious dressing gown that does not restrict movement, as if protecting and warming a person. Stolz - fit, slender. Constant activity and business acumen characterize his practical nature, so his gestures are bold, his reaction is quick. He is always dressed appropriately to move in the light and make the right impression.

Second, they have different upbringings. If little Ilyusha was cherished and cherished by parents, nannies and other inhabitants of Oblomovka (he grew up a pampered boy), then Andrei was brought up in strictness, his father taught him how to run a business, leaving him to make his own way. Stoltz, in the end, did not have enough parental affection, which he was looking for in his friend's house. Oblomov, on the contrary, was too affectionate, his parents spoiled him: he was not suitable either for the service or for the work of a landowner (taking care of the estate and its profitability).

Thirdly, their attitude to life differs. Ilya Ilyich does not like fuss, does not waste efforts to please society, or at least wedge into it. Many condemn him for laziness, but is it laziness? I think not: he is a nonconformist who is honest to himself and to the people around him. A nonconformist is a person who defends his right to behave differently from what is customary in his contemporary society. Oblomov had the courage and fortitude to silently, calmly adhere to his position and go his own way, not exchanging for trifles. In his manner of carrying himself, a rich spiritual life is guessed, which he does not put on a social showcase. Stolz lives in this window, because flickering in a good society always benefits the businessman. It can be said that Andrei had no other choice, because he is not a gentleman, his father earned capital, but no one will leave him villages by inheritance. He was taught from childhood that he himself should earn his living, so Stoltz adapted to the circumstances, developing hereditary qualities: perseverance, hard work, social activity. But if he is so successful by modern standards, why does Stoltz need Oblomov? From his father, he inherited obsession with business, the limitations of a practical person, which he felt, and therefore subconsciously reached out to the spiritually rich Oblomov.

They were drawn to the opposite, feeling the lack of certain properties of nature, but could not adopt each other's good qualities. None of them could make Olga Ilyinskaya happy: with one and the other, she felt dissatisfied. Unfortunately, this is the truth of life: people rarely change in the name of love. Oblomov tried, but still remained faithful to his principles. Stolz was also only enough for courtship, and after that the routine of living together began. Thus, in love, the similarities between Oblomov and Stolz manifested themselves: they both failed to build happiness.

In these two images, Goncharov reflected the conflicting trends in the society of that time. The nobility is the backbone of the state, but some of its representatives cannot take an active part in its fate, if only because it has gone and is petty for them. They are gradually being replaced by people who have gone through a harsh school of life, more skillful and greedy Stoltsy. They do not have that spiritual component that is needed for any useful work in Russia. But even the apathetic landowners will not save the situation. Apparently, the author believed that the merger of these extremes, some kind of golden mean, is the only way to achieve the well-being of Russia. If we consider the novel from this angle, it turns out that the friendship of Oblomov and Stolz is a symbol of the unification of various social forces for the sake of a common goal.

Comparative characteristics of Oblomov and Stolz

Lazy people are always going to do something.

Luc de Clapier Vauvenargues.

The novel "Oblomov" was written by I.A. Goncharov in 1859. When the work was published, it captured all the attention of society. Critics and writers called the novel “a sign of the times” (N.A. Dobrolyubov), “the most important thing that has not been for a long time” (L.N. Tolstoy), a new word has appeared in everyday life: “Oblomovism”. I.S. Turgenev once remarked: “As long as at least one Russian remains, Oblomov will be remembered until then.”

Starting to read this work, to be honest, I was a little annoyed. From the first chapters, the image of Oblomov was incomprehensible to me, and even ... I had a certain dislike for this character. Not to the work itself, but to it. I can explain - my namesake greatly resented me with his laziness and apathy. It was unbearable. And how glad I was to learn in the process of reading this novel that Oblomov has, as Dobrolyubov puts it, an “antidote” - his friend, Andrei Stoltz. Strange, but for some reason I was very happy. I noticed that Goncharov took advantage of this antithesis for a reason - he shows two opposites, originally conceived as an opposition between the West and Russia. But I learned about this a little later, in a literature lesson ...

What about the comparison of these characters? Take, for example, the image of Oblomov in the novel. He is not drawn with satirical, but rather with soft, sad humor, although his laziness and inertia often appear grotesque, for example, in the first part of the novel, Oblomov's day is described, during which the hero cannot gather strength for a long time and painfully to get up from the couch . This is how the main character appears before us. Why be surprised? Everything comes from childhood! Let's remember Oblomovka, the village where Ilya lived as a child... Oblomovka is a village of peace, blessings, sleep, laziness, illiteracy, stupidity. Everyone in it lived for his own pleasure, without experiencing any mental, moral and spiritual needs. The Oblomovites had no goals, no troubles; no one thought about why man, the world, was created. And it was in this atmosphere that Ilya Ilyich Oblomov grew up and, I’m not afraid of this word ... “educated” Ilya Ilyich Oblomov ... Further, in the process of reading, we learn about his studies at the boarding school, where he “... listened to what the teachers said, because there was nothing else to do it was impossible, and with difficulty, with sweat, with sighs, he learned the lessons given to him ... ”About the same later, he treated the service. True, at the very beginning he dreamed of serving Russia, "until he was strong." But laziness and indifference to life were so deep that all his noble dreams remained unfulfilled. He turns into a sloth and couch potato. The people around you are used to it. But do not think that Oblomov is completely hopeless. All his strengths and all his positive qualities are revealed in his romance with Olga Ilyinskaya, which, however, is torn apart due to Oblomov's inability to radically change his lifestyle and take serious practical steps.

What about Stoltz? Stolz is the complete opposite of Oblomov. Half German by nationality, he grew up in an atmosphere of mental and physical labor. Stolz has been accustomed to order since childhood and knows for sure that everything in life can only be achieved through hard work. He repeated this thought to Oblomov tirelessly. This is natural, because Ilya Ilyich was nurtured like "an exotic flower in a greenhouse." Stolz, on the other hand, grew up as "a cactus accustomed to drought." And just like that, all this was the soil for the further way of life of a friend of Ilya Ilyich. Andrei is energetic, not devoid of charm, gives the impression of a reliable person. As for me, but I see a strong and straightforward personality in Stolz, I don’t understand why Chekhov said otherwise about him. Stolz is super-energetic, muscular, active, firmly on his feet, amassed a large capital, a scientist who travels a lot. He has friends everywhere, he is respected as a strong personality. He is one of the main representatives of the trading company. He is cheerful, cheerful, hardworking ... This is the difference from Oblomov, which is evident.

Behind the antithesis of Stolz and Oblomov, one can see the opposition of the West and Russia. Stolz is portrayed by Goncharov as a harmonious, comprehensively developed personality, combining German pragmatism and Russian spirituality. He is clearly idealized by the author, who sees the future of Russia in Stolz and others like him, the possibility of its progressive development, this is emphasized in the plot by the fact that Olga Ilyinskaya gives her hand to Stolz. This, in my opinion, is the main comparison between Andrei Stolz and Ilya Oblomov.

Comparative characteristics of I. I. Oblomov and Stolz

Oblomov Ilya Ilyich - the main character of the novel "Oblomov". Landowner, nobleman living in St. Petersburg. Leads a lazy life. Doesn't do anything, just dreams and "decomposes" lying on the couch. A bright representative of Oblomovism.

Stolz Andrei Ivanovich is a childhood friend of Oblomov. Half German, practical and active. The antipode of I. I. Oblomov.

Let's compare the heroes according to the following criteria:

Memories of childhood (including memories of parents).

I. I. Oblomov. From early childhood, everything was done for him: “The nanny is waiting for his awakening. She pulls on his stockings; he is not given, he is naughty, dangles his legs; the nanny catches him." “.. She washes him, combs his head and leads him to his mother. Since childhood, he also bathed in parental affection and care: “Mother showered him with passionate kisses ...” The nanny was everywhere, for days on end, like a shadow following him, constant guardianship did not end for a second: “... all the days and nights of the nanny were filled with turmoil, running around: either by trying, or by living joy for the child, or by fear that he will fall and hurt his nose ... ”.

Stolz. His childhood passes in a useful but tedious study: “From the age of eight he sat with his father behind a geographical map ... and with his mother he read sacred history, taught Krylov’s fables ...” His mother was constantly worried about her son: “... she would have kept him near her.” But his father was completely indifferent and cold-blooded to his son, and often "put his hand": "... and kicked him from behind so that he knocked him down."

Attitude towards study and work.

Oblomov. He went to school without much interest and desire, hardly sat in the classroom, to overcome any book for Oblomov was a great success and joy. “Why all these notebooks ... of paper, time and ink? Why study books? ... When to live? Instantly cold to one or another kind of activity, be it study, books, hobbies. The same attitude was to work: “... you study, you read that the time of disaster is about to come, an unhappy person; here you gather your strength, work, homogenize, endure terribly and work, everything is preparing clear days.

Stolz. He studied and worked from childhood - the main concern and task of his father. Teaching and books fascinated Stoltz throughout his life. Labor is the essence of human existence. "He served, retired, went about his business and actually made a home and money."

Attitude to mental activity.

Oblomov. Despite the lack of love for study and work, Oblomov was far from being a stupid person. Some thoughts, pictures were constantly spinning in his naked, he constantly made plans, but for completely incomprehensible reasons, all this was put off in a debt box. “When he gets out of bed in the morning, after tea he immediately lies on the sofa, props his head with his hand and thinks it over, sparing no effort, until, finally, his head gets tired ..”

Stolz. Realist to the core. A skeptic in life and in thought. “He was afraid of any dream, or, if he entered her area, then he entered, as they enter a grotto with an inscription ... knowing the hour or minute when you leave from there.”

Choice of life goals and ways to achieve them. (Including lifestyle.)

Oblomov. Life is monotonous, devoid of colors, every day is similar to the previous one. His problems and worries are breathtakingly funny and ridiculous, even funnier he solves them by turning from side to side. The author justifies Oblomov with all his might, saying that he has a lot of ideas and goals in his head, but none of them materialize.

Stolz. Skepticism and realism are everywhere. “He walked firmly, cheerfully; lived on a budget, trying to spend every day, like every ruble. “And he himself went stubbornly along the chosen path.”

The novel "Oblomov" is one of the landmark works of the 19th century, covering many social and philosophical topics. An important role in revealing the ideological meaning of the work is played by the analysis of the relationship between the two main male characters in the book. In the novel "Oblomov", the characterization of Oblomov and Stolz reflects their completely different nature, opposed by the author.
According to the plot of the work, the characters are best friends from an early age, helping each other as much as possible even in adulthood: Stolz Oblomov - the solution to many of his pressing problems, and Ilya Ilyich to Andrei Ivanovich - pleasant conversations that allow Stolz to restore peace of mind.

Portrait characteristics of heroes

A comparative description of Oblomov and Stolz in Goncharov's novel "Oblomov" is given by the author himself and is most remarkable when comparing their portrait characteristics, as well as characters. Ilya Ilyich is a soft, quiet, kind, dreamy, reflective bumpkin who makes any decision at the behest of his heart, even if the mind leads the hero to the opposite conclusions. The appearance of the introverted Oblomov fully corresponds to his character - his movements are soft, lazy, rounded, and the image is characterized by excessive effeminacy, which is not typical for a man.

Stolz, both internally and externally, is completely different from Oblomov. The main thing in the life of Andrei Ivanovich is the rational grain, in all matters he relies only on the mind, while the dictates of the heart, intuition and the sphere of feelings for the hero are not only something secondary, but also inaccessible, incomprehensible to his rational thoughts. Unlike the "flabby beyond his years" Oblomov, Stolz seems to consist of "bones, muscles and nerves." His life is a rapid race forward, an important attribute of which is the constant self-development of the individual and continuous work. The images of Oblomov and Stolz seem to be a mirror image of each other: active, extroverted, successful in society and in the career field, Stolz is opposed to the lazy, apathetic, unwilling to communicate with anyone, and even more so to return to the service, Oblomov.

Differences in the upbringing of heroes

When comparing Ilya Oblomov and Andrei Stolz, as well as for a better understanding of the images of the characters, it is important to briefly describe the atmosphere in which each of the characters grew up. Despite the “addictive”, as if covering with a veil of half-asleep and laziness, Oblomovka’s environment, little Ilya was a cheerful, active and curious child, which at first was very similar to Stolz. He wanted to learn as much as possible about the world around him, but the excessive concern of his parents, the "hothouse" upbringing, the inculcation of obsolete, obsolete and aimed at the ideals of the past values, made the child a worthy successor to the traditions of "Oblomovism", the bearer of the "Oblomov" worldview - lazy, introvert, living in his own illusory world.

However, Stolz also did not grow up the way he could have grown up. At first glance, the combination in his upbringing of the strict approach of a German father and the tenderness of a noble mother of Russian origin would allow Andrei to become a harmonious, comprehensively developed personality. Nevertheless, as the author points out, Stolz grew up "like a cactus accustomed to drought." The young man lacked love, warmth and gentleness, since he was mainly raised by his father, who did not think that sensitivity should be instilled in a man. However, the Russian roots of Stolz until the end of their lives were looking for this spiritual warmth, finding it in Oblomov, and then in the idea of ​​​​Oblomovka, which he denied.

Education and career of heroes

The inconsistency of the characters of Stolz and Oblomov manifests itself already in his youth, when Andrei Ivanovich, trying to learn as much as possible about the world around him, tried to instill in Ilya Ilyich a love of books, to ignite a flame in him that would make him strive forward. And Stoltz succeeded, but for a very short time - as soon as Oblomov remained on his own, the book became less important for him than, for example, a dream. Somehow, rather, for his parents, Ilya Ilyich graduated from school, and then the university, where he was absolutely not interested, since the hero did not understand how mathematics and other sciences could be useful to him in life. Even a single failure in the service was the end of his career for him - it was too hard for the sensitive, soft Oblomov to adapt to the strict rules of the capital world, far from the norms of life in Oblomovka.

Stolz, with his rational, active view of the world, is much easier to move up the career ladder, because any failure was more like another incentive for him than a defeat. Andrey Ivanovich's continuous activity, high efficiency, ability to please others made him a useful person in any workplace and a pleasant guest in any society, and all thanks to the purposefulness laid down by his father and the continuous thirst for knowledge that his parents developed in Stolz in childhood.

Characteristics of Oblomov and Stolz as carriers of two opposite principles

In critical literature, when comparing Oblomov and Stolz, it is widely believed that the characters are two opposites, two types of “superfluous” heroes who cannot be found in real life in their “pure” form, even though Oblomov is a realistic novel. , and, consequently, the described images must be typical images. However, when analyzing the upbringing and formation of each of the characters, the reasons for Oblomov's apathy, laziness and daydreaming become clear, as well as excessive dryness, rationality, even similarity with a certain Stolz mechanism.

A comparison of Stolz and Oblomov makes it possible to understand that both heroes are not only personalities typical of their time, but are also images that are tendentious for any time. Oblomov is a typical son of wealthy parents, brought up in an atmosphere of love and increased care, protected by his family from the need to work, decide something and act actively, because there will always be “Zakhar” who will do everything for him. Stolz, on the other hand, is a person who is taught from an early age to the need to work and work, while being deprived of love and care, which leads to a certain internal callousness of such a person, to a misunderstanding of the nature of feelings and emotional deprivation.

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