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Municipal educational institution
Utena secondary school
THE TOPICALITY OF THE SOUND OF THE COMEDY A.S. GRIBOYEDOV "Woe from Wit" IN OUR TIME. HUMAN TYPES
Research work
Performed: Beketova Marina Alexandrovna,
9th grade student
Scientific director: Tkacheva Valentina Petrovna,
teacher of Russian language and literature
Duck, 2011
Introduction…………………………………………………………………3 - 4
Chapter I. The Significance of Griboedov's Creativity
§1. Biography of the writer………………………………………....5 - 7
§2. About the comedy “Woe from Wit”……………………………………7 - 9
Chapter II. Characteristics of the main characters of the comedy
§1. Famusovskaya Moscow. Human types………………….9 - 13
§2. About the main character…………………………………………………14-16
Chapter III. Topicality of sounding comedy by A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit" in our time
§1. "Woe from Wit" in the literature of the XIX century……………………….16-19
§2. Modernity of the comedy by A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit" ... 19-21
Conclusion………………...………...……..…….……. ………………..22-23
List of used literature……………………………………...24
Application
INTRODUCTION
Griboyedov's comedy "Woe from Wit" organically entered the history of Russian literature . "Eternally living, burning satire" called I.A. Goncharov "Woe from Wit", and its heroes - "eternally living images". According to A. Blok, this “unsolved to the end” play became both a school for the formation of Russian criticism and a school for the mastery of Russian writers of the 19th century. In a number of critical articles it has been noted more than once that at the level of individual situations and images in Russian classical literature, "Griboyedov's silhouettes are constantly shining through." Therefore, the questions of interpretation of Griboedov's comedy, no doubt, are of great interest. The relevance of the work lies in the study of the topicality of the sound of the comedy by A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit". Alexander Sergeevich Griboyedov is a rare writer even for Russian literature, which is so rich in amazing and diverse talents. He is the author of one famous work, about which A.S. Pushkin said: “His handwritten comedy “Woe from Wit” produced an indescribable effect and suddenly put him along with our first poets.” Purpose: to study the topicality of the sound of A.S. Griboyedov's comedy "Woe from Wit", to identify the essence of human types in comedy, their broad generalizing meaning.
Tasks:
- analyze this piece
- perform a comparative analysis of the relevance of comedy in the literature of the 19th century and in modern times.
Summarize the results of the work
Object of study: comedy by A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit"
Subject of study: the relevance of the sound of comedy today. Research methods:analysis of literary and Internet sources, interpretation of the text, comparison and comparison, generalization of the material obtained, the use of search and research methods for collecting information about the life and work of A.S. Griboyedov.
CHAPTER I. THE SIGNIFICANCE OF A.S. GRIBOEDOV
§1. Biography of the writer
Griboedov Alexander Sergeevich - the famous Russian playwright. Comes from an ancient noble family. The financial situation of Griboyedov's parents was constrained and confused. However, his mother, a woman of extraordinary mind and character, was drawn to her kindred Moscow nobility, tried her best to keep her house at the level of high Moscow society. Dreaming of a brilliant career for her son, she gave him an excellent education, first under the guidance of foreign tutors, then at the Moscow Noble Boarding School, and finally at Moscow University. After successively graduating from two faculties - verbal and legal, Griboedov continued to stay at the university (studying the natural sciences and mathematics and preparing for a doctoral degree) until it was closed in 1812 in connection with the occupation of Moscow by Napoleon. An excellent knowledge of the main European languages (French, German, English and Italian), to which eastern languages \u200b\u200bArabic and Persian were later added, was completed by a musical education. All this made the writer, according to Pushkin, "one of the smartest people in Russia" and one of the most educated people of the era. In 1812, Griboedov volunteered for one of the formed regiments, from where, thanks to his great connections, he soon became an adjutant to General Kologrivov, who formed the cavalry reserves. The writer's stay in military service includes his first appearance in print - correspondence in prose and verse (published in the August issue of Vestnik Evropy for 1814). Around the same time, Griboyedov met the theatrical figure and famous playwright A. A. Shakhovsky and, under his influence, turned to dramatic work, a propensity for which he experienced while still a student. At the end of 1815 he retired and settled in St. Petersburg, in 1817 he entered the service of the State Collegium of Foreign Affairs, under which Pushkin was also listed. In 1818, participation in a sensational secular duel and the increasingly entangled material affairs of his mother, who brought her Kostroma peasants with unbearable requisitions to a riot suppressed by military force, forced Griboedov to leave Petersburg and go to Persia as secretary of the Russian diplomatic mission. On his way there, he fought a duel in Tiflis with the future Decembrist Yakubovich, who wounded him in the arm. In Persia, he intensively studied oriental languages and antiquities, financial and political sciences. The firm outlines of "Woe from Wit" were formed there, the initial plans of which, according to contemporaries, arose already from 1812. Staying in the Persian "diplomatic monastery" burdened Griboedov and in 1822 he managed to transfer to Tiflis as secretary for foreign affairs under the famous "proconsul of the Caucasus", General Yermolov. In Tiflis, G. became close friends with the poet and future Decembrist V. K. Kuchelbeker, to whom he read scene after scene from the created Woe from Wit. At the center of everything was the work on "Woe from Wit". Despite the great connections, all the efforts of the writer to get the play not only on the stage, but also in print were in vain. The play appeared on the stage only after the death of the author (in separate appearances from 1829, completely in 1831). The publication of excerpts from "Woe from Wit" was accompanied by a noisy magazine controversy. Spokesmen for the opinion of the old nobility and bureaucratic Moscow fiercely attacked the comedy, denying the author not only the correctness of the picture of Moscow life he painted, but also any artistic merit of his play. Chatsky's statements are close to the Decembrists. He was arrested and brought to St. Petersburg with a courier. During the investigation, Griboyedov behaved boldly, categorically denied belonging to a secret society. He was soon released with a monetary reward and a promotion. He finally opened the possibility of that brilliant service career that his mother had been seeking for him all his life. With the text of the Turkmanchai treatise, Griboedov was sent to the tsar, to St. Petersburg, received a large monetary award and a brilliant appointment as an ambassador to Persia. Until then, in his own words, “a beggar, a servant of the sovereign from bread”, “in an instant he became both noble and rich” . One of the most difficult knots in world politics was being tied in Persia. Griboyedov put forward a grandiose project for the creation of the Russian Transcaucasian Company. Nevertheless, the project, which was ahead of Russian reality by at least half a century, did not meet with sympathy in Russian government circles. However, the British immediately felt in him a most dangerous enemy, replacing in Persia, according to a contemporary, "with a single face of a twenty-thousandth army." Griboedov arrived in Persia, having married in Tiflis along the way, in October 1828 and four months later died along with the entire composition of the Russian mission (with the exception of the secretary who accidentally escaped) during an attack on her by a crowd fanatized by the mullahs, apparently acting in turn on orders English.
§2. About the comedy "Woe from Wit"
§ 2. Modernity of the comedy by A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit"
How to compare and see
The current century and the past century ... ".
(A.S. Griboyedov)
There are brilliant works of literature. And there are brilliant names of brilliant works. Those in which the words that make up them seem to merge into one concept. Because before us is not just the title of a literary work, but the name of a certain phenomenon. There are hardly more than a dozen such titles, such works, even in great literature. Griboyedov's comedy is one of them. Alexander Sergeevich Griboedov is 200 years old. Of the inconclusively established dates of his miraculous birth, one was chosen, and now we are celebrating! The Famusovs are in lodges, the Skalozubs have become generals, Sophia and Liza are pleasing to the eye in the ranks of the Women of Russia social movement, the Molchalins are blissful in ministries and committees. And who are the judges? ...
Druzhinin N.M. "A.S. Griboedov in Russian criticism". Moscow, 1958.
There is no play more lively and more modern than Woe from Wit. So it was, so it is, so it will be. A truly great work, such as Woe from Wit, resists reappraisal. There is no getting away from the fact that Griboedov was closely connected with the Decembrists. Another thing is that our understanding of Decembrism as a social movement has been refined over the years. We are more aware of some of the tragic features of Russian public life, especially the age-old traditions of totalitarianism. This explains a lot in Russian history, up to the present day. It is important for us that "Woe from Wit" is not a "black and white" satire on the social system. The writer was occupied not with "system", not with "system", but with social psychology. And it's not black and white at all. Listen: Famusov and Chatsky often talk about the same thing. "And all the Kuznetsky Most, and the eternal French!" Famusov grumbles. And Chatsky is concerned that "our smart, cheerful people, although in language we are not considered Germans." Both of them are unconditional patriots, both are Russian people to the core, they share a lot, but they have a lot in common, that's the tragedy of this comedy, that's why "a million torments". And "system", "system" - well, they can change, but Famusov, Repetilov, Molchalin, Skalozub - are eternal. And Chatsky is eternal. When was the last time we saw live Chatsky? It was Academician Sakharov. Another time, age, appearance, language, but the essence is the same: Chatsky! The same one whom Pushkin condescendingly reproached, arguing that in "Woe from Wit" there is one smart person - Griboedov himself, and Chatsky - a kind fellow who spent some time in his company and utters smart speeches from his voice - in front of whom? Before the Skalozubs and the Tugoukhovskys? But the fact of the matter is that Pushkin is not quite right: one must speak. Before those with whom history brought you together. Even without understanding. What has been said will not be lost. Griboedov convinced him of this. Sakharov convinced him of this. What do these two Russian people have in common, besides the fact that they are Russian? Mind. Both of them were outstanding minds of their time. The inexhaustibility of "Woe from Wit" is revealed in the misunderstood Chatsky and the unsolved Repetilov...How to compare and see
The present age and the past...Which of the Russians did not consider their age the most incredible? It seems that both Pushkin and Griboedov had to hear the usual complaints about time more than once, otherwise their heroes, as different as Famusov and Herzog, would not have lamented so unanimously: “A terrible age! You don’t know what to start…,” says Famusov. And the Duke echoes him: "A terrible age, terrible hearts!""Woe from Wit" has long been a national property. Back in the early seventies of the nineteenth century, I.A. Goncharov, who noted that comedy "is distinguished by its youthfulness, freshness and stronger vitality from other works of the word," predicted "incorruptible life" for it, argued that it "will survive many more epochs, and everything will not lose its vitality. This prophecy was completely justified.The great comedy still remains youthful and fresh. It has retained its social significance, its satirical salt, its artistic charm. She continues her triumphal march through the stages of theaters. It is taught in schools.Millions of people laugh and resent along with Griboyedov. The wrath of the satirist-denunciator is close and understandable to the Russian people, because even now he inspires them to fight against everything inert, insignificant and vile, for everything progressive, great and noble. The struggle of the new with the old is the law of our Russian life. The images created by Griboyedov, his well-aimed, slashing sayings, living in folk speech, are still capable of serving as a sharp weapon of satire.So, for example, if Molchalin, Famusov, Skalozub see the meaning of life in their well-being, then Chatsky dreams of benefiting the people whom he respects and considers "smart and vigorous." At the same time, he despises servility, careerism. He "would be glad to serve," and "it's sickening to serve." Chatsky sharply criticizes this society, mired in hypocrisy and debauchery:Where, show us, fathers of the fatherland,
Which should we take as samples?
Are not these rich in robbery?
Found protection from fate in friends, in kinship,
Magnificent building chambers,
Where they overflow in feasts and prodigality... It seems that these lines seem to be written now! And we're still debating whether comedy is modern. Despite the historical tragedy of Russian life, Griboedov lives in us with his comedy Woe from Wit. He comes back to us like a light of happiness.
Goncharov I.A. "A Million of Torments" (Critical Study) - In the book: Goncharov I.A. Sobr. Op. in 8 vols. M., 1995, v.8
CONCLUSION
In the dramatic plans after Woe from Wit, everything was connected with the development and deepening of the democratic, anti-serfdom tendencies of this play. Griboedov's death in 1829 prevented the creation of new works that promised to make a significant page in the history of Russian literature. But what he did gives reason to place Griboedov in the cohort of artists of world significance.For Griboyedov's contemporaries, his play was a sign of the times. She helped the best people of Russia to determine their place in the socio-political struggle. It is no coincidence that the Decembrists said that comedy was for them one of the sources of free thought.According to the great democrat critic V. G. Belinsky, “Woe from Wit”, along with the novel “Eugene Onegin”, was “the first example of a poetic depiction of Russian reality in the broad sense of the word. In this respect, both of these works laid the foundation for subsequent literature, from which both Lermontov and Gogol came out. . The significance of any writer of the last day of our time is tested, first of all, by how close his spiritual image is to us, how much his work serves our historical cause. Griboyedov fully withstands such a test. He is close and dear to people as a writer, faithful to the truth of life, as an advanced figure of his time - a patriot, humanist and freedom lover, who had a profound and fruitful impact on the development of Russian national culture. Griboedov and his great comedy are surrounded in our country by truly popular love. Now, more than ever, the words inscribed on the grave monument to Griboyedov sound loud and convincing:“Your mind and deeds are immortal in Russian memory…”The success of the work, which has taken a firm place among the Russian classics, is largely determined by the harmonious combination of the urgent and timeless in it. Through the brilliantly drawn picture of Russian society, “eternal” themes are discerned: the conflict of generations, the drama of a love triangle, the antagonism of the individual and society. At the same time, “Woe from Wit” is an example of an artistic synthesis of the traditional and the innovative: paying tribute to the canons of the aesthetics of classicism, Griboyedov “revives” the scheme with conflicts and characters taken from life, freely introduces lyrical, satirical and journalistic lines into the comedy.The controversy surrounding "Woe from Wit" in the 20s of the 19th century, the ambiguous assessment by contemporaries of the play speaks of how innovative Griboedov's plan was. Not only the topical content of the comedy worried contemporaries. The best minds of the time guessed the untimely philosophical depth of her conflict. Comedy "will survive many epochs" and will remain a unique, inimitable work for posterity.There is no other work in our literature that would be so differently evaluated by critics and so differently interpreted by directors and actors. Perhaps this is the secret of the constant modernity of Griboedov's comedy: Chatsky only changes depending on time, but each time organically corresponds to it (time). The accuracy and aphoristic accuracy of the language, the successful use of free iambic, which conveys the element of colloquial speech, allowed the text of the comedy to retain sharpness and expressiveness; as Pushkin predicted, many lines of "Woe from Wit" became proverbs and sayings ("Fresh legend, but hard to believe", "Happy hours do not watch"). The work turned out to be topical, meeting the urgent needs of its time and modern. “Griboedov has done his part,” Pushkin said in response to a remark about the untimely death of the poet, “he has already written Woe from Wit.”
BIBLIOGRAPHY
- Andreev N.V. "Great Writers of Russia". Moscow, "Thought", 1988.
- Volodin P.M. "History of Russian Literature of the 19th Century". Moscow, 1962
- Druzhinin N.M. "A.S. Griboedov in Russian criticism". Moscow, 1958
- Medvedeva I. "Woe from Wit" by A.S. Griboyedov. Moscow, "Fiction", 1974.
- Meshcheryakov V.P. "Deeds of bygone days ...". Moscow, "Drofa", 2003
- Orlov V. “Griboyedov. Essay on life and creativity. Moscow, Goslitizdat, 1947
- Piksanov N.K. "Creative story "Woe from Wit"". Leningrad, 1983
The great Woland said that manuscripts do not burn. Proof of this is the fate of Alexander Sergeevich Griboyedov's brilliant comedy Woe from Wit, one of the most controversial works in the history of Russian literature.
A comedy with a political twist, continuing the tradition of such masters of satire as Krylov and Fonvizin, quickly became popular and served as a harbinger of the coming rise of Ostrovsky and Gorky.
Although the comedy was written as early as 1825, it came out only eight years later, outliving its creator. Despite the fact that the manuscript was subjected to tsarist censorship, the people of Russia appreciated it - the comedy was admired by both ordinary people and representatives of the nobility.
The comedy reveals all the ulcers and vices that the Russian Empire suffered from, primarily serfdom.
The main character is Alexander Chatsky - a personality as bright as tragic.
What allowed a small work to enter the number of immortal creations of the pen? Firstly, the lively style of writing, sharp criticism of everything bad and ugly that was in those days. Almost every phrase of the book became winged and firmly entered the modern language.
Living language is just one of the many virtues of the book, of which it has many.
The struggle of heart and mind and its influence on the flow of ideological battles is the central moment in comedy. After all, the main character is pierced by Cupid's arrow, which prevents him from soberly assessing the situation. His erudition and brilliant intellect were unable to notice the changes that had taken place in his beloved Sophia. Emotion blinded Chatsky, making him look insane in the eyes of society.
After reading the comedy, the reader sympathizes with Chatsky, sharing his mental anguish.
Almost two centuries have passed, and the cart has not moved. Modern Molchalins, Skalozubs and others like them are still at the pinnacle of power. And worthy people are forced to fight hard for a place in the sun.
The golden calf rules the show today - power and the presence of millions in the bank are valued higher than spiritual development. To be an intellectual today means to doom oneself to difficulties.
The last cry of the hero's soul pierces the reader to the depths of the heart, and one can only admire the prophetic gift of Griboedov, who foresaw the future. It is painful to see that in 174 years society has not changed its priorities.
What is the reason for such inertia, which has persisted for centuries? One of the heroes, Famusov, sees the answer in the fact that there are more madmen than ever. They themselves are insane, and the deeds that they do, and the beliefs that they follow.
This comedy will always be relevant until the attitude towards culture and education, the two pillars of moral development, changes in Russia.
The hidden meaning of "Woe from Wit" calls on people to fight darkness - ignorance, indifference to problems and inertia of thinking.
For today's youth, it is most important to follow the principles of Chatsky in relation to education and their activities. Chatsky knew how to have fun when he was resting, but in business he was serious and urged never to mix fun and work.
- The very name of the comedy "Woe from Wit" is significant. For enlighteners who are convinced of the omnipotence of knowledge, the mind is a synonym for happiness. But the forces of reason in all epochs have faced serious tests. New advanced ideas are not always accepted by society, and the bearers of these ideas are often declared crazy. It is no coincidence that Griboyedov also addresses the topic of the mind. His comedy is a story about cutting-edge ideas and society's reaction to them. At first, the name of the play was "Woe to the Wit", which the writer would later change to "Woe from Wit". More […]
- Hero Brief description Pavel Afanasyevich Famusov The surname "Famusov" comes from the Latin word "fama", which means "rumour": by this Griboyedov wanted to emphasize that Famusov is afraid of rumors, public opinion, but on the other hand, there is a root in the root of the word "Famusov" the Latin word "famosus" - the famous, well-known wealthy landowner and major official. He is a famous person in the circle of the Moscow nobility. A well-born nobleman: related to the nobleman Maxim Petrovich, closely […]
- After reading AS Griboedov's comedy "Woe from Wit" and the critics' articles about this play, I also thought about: "What is he like, Chatsky"? The first impression about the hero is that he is perfection: smart, kind, cheerful, vulnerable, passionately in love, faithful, sensitive, knowing the answers to all questions. He rushes seven hundred miles to Moscow to meet Sophia after a three-year separation. But such an opinion arose after the first reading. When, at the lessons of literature, we analyzed the comedy and read the opinions of various critics about […]
- The title of any work is the key to understanding it, since it almost always contains an indication, direct or indirect, of the main idea underlying the creation, of a number of problems comprehended by the author. The title of A. S. Griboedov's comedy "Woe from Wit" introduces an unusually important category into the conflict of the play, namely the category of the mind. The source of such a title, such an unusual name, besides, it originally sounded like “Woe to the mind”, goes back to a Russian proverb in which the confrontation between smart and […]
- The image of Chatsky caused numerous controversies in criticism. I. A. Goncharov considered the hero Griboedov "a sincere and ardent figure", superior to Onegin and Pechorin. “... Chatsky is not only smarter than all other people, but also positively smart. His speech boils with intelligence, wit. He also has a heart, and, moreover, he is impeccably honest, ”wrote the critic. About the same way, Apollon Grigoriev spoke about this image, considering Chatsky a real fighter, an honest, passionate and truthful nature. Finally, a similar opinion was shared by […]
- A “public” comedy with a social clash between the “past century” and the “present century” is called the comedy of A.S. Griboyedov "Woe from Wit". And it is built in such a way that only Chatsky speaks about the progressive ideas of transforming society, striving for spirituality, about a new morality. Using his example, the author shows readers how difficult it is to bring new ideas into the world that are not understood and accepted by a society that has become ossified in its views. Anyone who starts doing this is doomed to loneliness. Alexander Andreevich […]
- A. A. Chatsky A. S. Molchalin Character A straightforward, sincere young man. An ardent temperament often interferes with the hero, deprives him of impartiality of judgment. Secretive, cautious, helpful person. The main goal is a career, a position in society. Position in society Poor Moscow nobleman. Receives a warm welcome in the local community due to his lineage and old connections. Provincial tradesman by origin. The rank of collegiate assessor by law entitles him to the nobility. In the light […]
- A. S. Griboyedov's comedy "Woe from Wit" consists of a number of small episodes-phenomena. They are combined into larger ones, such as, for example, a description of a ball in Famusov's house. Analyzing this stage episode, we consider it as one of the important stages in resolving the main dramaturgical conflict, which consists in the confrontation between the “current century” and the “past century”. Based on the principles of the writer's attitude to the theater, it is worth noting that A. S. Griboyedov presented it in accordance with […]
- In the comedy "Woe from Wit" A. S. Griboyedov portrayed noble Moscow in the 10-20s of the 19th century. In the society of that time, they bowed to the uniform and rank, rejected books, enlightenment. A person was judged not by personal qualities, but by the number of serf souls. Everyone aspired to imitate Europe and worshiped someone else's fashion, language and culture. The “age of the past”, presented brightly and fully in the work, is characterized by the power of women, their great influence on the formation of the tastes and views of society. Moscow […]
- CHATSKIY - the hero of A.S. Griboedov's comedy "Woe from Wit" (1824; in the first edition, the spelling of the surname is Chadsky). The likely prototypes of the image are PYa. Chaadaev (1796-1856) and V.K-Kyukhelbeker (1797-1846). The nature of the hero's actions, his statements and relationships with other persons of the comedy provide extensive material for revealing the theme stated in the title. Alexander Andreevich Ch. is one of the first romantic heroes of Russian drama, and as a romantic hero, on the one hand, he categorically does not accept the inert environment, […]
- Rarely, but it still happens in art that the creator of one "masterpiece" becomes a classic. This is exactly what happened to Alexander Sergeevich Griboedov. His only comedy "Woe from Wit" became the national treasure of Russia. Phrases from the work entered our daily life in the form of proverbs and sayings; we don’t even think about who they were put into the light, we say: “That’s something by chance, take note of you” or: “Friend. Is it possible for walks / Away to choose a nook? And such winged expressions in comedy […]
- The very name of the comedy is paradoxical: "Woe from Wit". Initially, the comedy was called "Woe to the Wit", which Griboyedov later abandoned. To some extent, the title of the play is a "changeling" of the Russian proverb: "fools are happy." But is Chatsky surrounded only by fools? Look, are there so many fools in the play? Here Famusov recalls his uncle Maxim Petrovich: A serious look, an arrogant disposition. When it is necessary to serve, And he bent over backwards... ...Huh? what do you think? in our opinion - smart. And myself […]
- The famous Russian writer Ivan Alexandrovich Goncharov said wonderful words about the work "Woe from Wit" - "Without Chatsky there would be no comedy, there would be a picture of morals." And I think the writer is right about that. It is the image of the protagonist of Griboedov's comedy Alexander Sergeevich "Woe from Wit" that determines the conflict of the entire story. People like Chatsky always turned out to be misunderstood by society, they brought progressive ideas and views to society, but the conservative society did not […]
- The comedy "Woe from Wit" was created in the early 1920s. 19th century The main conflict on which the comedy is built is the confrontation between the “current century” and the “past century”. In the literature of that time, the classicism of the era of Catherine the Great still had power. But the outdated canons limited the freedom of the playwright in describing real life, so Griboedov, taking the classic comedy as a basis, neglected (as necessary) some of the laws of its construction. Any classic work (drama) had to […]
- In the comedy Woe from Wit, Sofya Pavlovna Famusova is the only character, conceived and executed, close to Chatsky. Griboyedov wrote about her: "The girl herself is not stupid, she prefers a fool to a smart person ...". Griboyedov abandoned farce and satire in portraying Sophia's character. He presented the reader with a female character of great depth and strength. Sophia was "unlucky" in criticism for quite a long time. Even Pushkin considered the image of Famusova a failure of the author; "Sophia is not clearly inscribed." And only in 1878 Goncharov in his article […]
- The famous comedy by AS Griboedov "Woe from Wit" was created in the first quarter of the 19th century. The literary life of this period was determined by clear signs of the crisis of the autocratic-feudal system and the maturation of the ideas of noble revolutionism. There was a process of gradual transition from the ideas of classicism, with its addiction to "high genres, to romanticism and realism. One of the brightest representatives and founders of critical realism was A.S. Griboedov. In his comedy "Woe from Wit", successfully combining [... ]
- Characteristics The current century The past century Attitude to wealth, to ranks “Protection from court in friends was found, in kinship, building magnificent chambers, where they overflow in feasts and extravagance, and where foreign clients of a past life will not resurrect the meanest traits”, “And for those, whoever is taller, flattery, wove like lace ... "" Be inferior, but if you have enough, two thousand generic souls, that is the groom" one uniform! He is in their former life […]
- Molchalin - characteristic features: the desire for a career, hypocrisy, the ability to serve, laconicism, poverty of the lexicon. This is due to his fear of expressing his judgment. He speaks mostly in short sentences and chooses words depending on who he is talking to. There are no foreign words and expressions in the language. Molchalin chooses delicate words, adding postively "-s". To Famusov - respectfully, to Khlestova - flatteringly, insinuatingly, with Sophia - with special modesty, with Lisa - he is not shy in expressions. Especially […]
- The gallery of human characters successfully noticed in the comedy "Woe from Wit" is still relevant today. At the beginning of the play, the author introduces the reader to two young people who are opposite to each other in everything: Chatsky and Molchalin. Both characters are presented to us in such a way that a misleading first impression is formed of them. About Molchalin, Famusov's secretary, we judge from Sonya's words as an "enemy of insolence" and a person who is "ready to forget himself for others." Molchalin first appears before the reader and Sonya, who is in love with him […]
- At the sight of a rich house, a hospitable host, elegant guests, one involuntarily admires them. I would like to know what these people are like, what they talk about, what they are fond of, what is close to them, what is alien. Then you feel how the first impression is replaced by bewilderment, then - contempt both for the owner of the house, one of the Moscow "aces" Famusov, and for his entourage. There are other noble families, heroes of the war of 1812, Decembrists, great masters of culture came out of them (and if great people came out of such houses, as we see in comedy, then […]
Alexander Sergeevich Griboyedov is a wonderful Russian writer who has created many works that help to understand oneself and see the truth. "Woe from Wit" is no exception. This comedy was written in 1824. She did not immediately conquer the minds of readers, but over time she was appreciated.
This work raises many questions that are relevant to this day.
The main character - Alexander Andreyevich Chatsky - is a progressive mind of a new generation, able to look deep into the problem and see the imperfection of the world.
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In contrast to it, the "famus" society is put, which has long forgotten what honor, conscience and nobility are. They are mired in ignorance, they only care about the thickness of their wallets and the status of their acquaintances, otherwise, without all these embellishments, people are not interesting to them. Chatsky, no matter how he tried, could not open the eyes of these people deprived of prudence. They, like blinkered horses, follow the path that the past "skillful" generations have trodden for them.
“Would you ask how the fathers did?
They would learn from their elders by looking at them."
Pavel Famusov.
In our time, little has changed in society. Many people still try to profit at the expense of others, do not think at all about the consequences of their decisions and do not care about other people's problems. Reverence, standing on the first line of the "hit parade" of negative qualities in the past, does not lose ground even now. But, nevertheless, some people understand that this is not the truth, that the world needs to be changed. Every day there are more and more Chatskys, they are the hope of this world. People who listen to their conscience; people who are ready to give, not just take; people striving for heights... These are those who will allow progress to go on; those who will move society forward.
So, from all of the above, we can see that the modernity of comedy is undeniable. Of course, conservatism interfered, and will always interfere with progress, but for every time there is a Chatsky who will make people open their eyes, as the wonderful work “Woe from Wit” did for me.
Updated: 2018-02-08
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A.S. Griboyedov
There are brilliant works of literature. And there are brilliant names of brilliant works. Those in which the words that make up them seem to merge into one concept. Because before us is not just the title of a literary work, but the name of a certain phenomenon. There are hardly more than a dozen such titles, such works, even in great literature. Griboyedov's comedy is one of them.
Alexander Sergeevich Griboedov is 200 years old. Of the inconclusively established dates of his miraculous birth, one was chosen, and now - Let's celebrate! The Famusovs are in lodges, the Skalozubs have become generals, Sophia and Liza are pleasing to the eye in the ranks of the Women of Russia social movement, the Molchalins are blissful in ministries and committees. And who are the judges?
There is no play more lively and more modern than Woe from Wit. So it was, so it is, so it will be.
A truly great work, such as Woe from Wit, resists reappraisal. There is no getting away from the fact that Griboedov was closely connected with the Decembrists. Another thing is that our understanding of Decembrism as a social movement has been refined over the years. We are more aware of some of the tragic features of Russian public life, especially the age-old traditions of totalitarianism. This explains a lot in Russian history, up to the present day. It is important for us that "Woe from Wit" is not a "black and white" satire on the social system, as taught at school. The writer was occupied not with "system", not with "system", but with social psychology. And it's not black and white at all. Listen: Famusov and Chatsky often talk about the same thing. "And all the Kuznetsk bridge, and the eternal French!..." Famusov grumbles. And Chatsky is concerned that "our smart, peppy people, although in language we are not considered Germans." Both of them are unconditional patriots, both are Russian people to the core, they share a lot, but they have a lot in common, that's the tragedy of this comedy, that's why "a million torments". And "system", "system" - well, they can change, but Famusov, Repetilov, Molchalin, Skalozub - are eternal. And Chatsky is eternal.
When was the last time we saw live Chatsky? It was Academician Sakharov. Another time, age, appearance, language, but the essence is the same: Chatsky! The same one whom Pushkin condescendingly reproached, arguing that in "Woe from Wit" there is one smart person - Griboedov himself, and Chatsky is a kind fellow who spent some time in his company and utters smart speeches from his voice - in front of whom? Before the Skalozubs and the Tugoukhovskys? But the fact of the matter is that Pushkin is not quite right: one must speak. Before those with whom history brought you together. Even without understanding. What has been said will not be lost. Griboedov convinced him of this. Sakharov convinced him of this. What do these two Russian people have in common, besides the fact that they are Russian? Mind. Both of them were outstanding minds of their time.
The inexhaustibility of "Woe from Wit" opens in the misunderstood Chatsky and the unsolved Repetilov...
How to compare and see
The present age and the past...
Which of the Russians did not consider their age the most incredible? It seems that both Pushkin and Griboedov had to hear the usual complaints about time more than once, otherwise their heroes as different as Famusov and Herzog would not have lamented so unanimously: “A terrible age! You don’t know what to start ..,” says Famusov. And the Duke echoes him: "A terrible age, terrible hearts!"
Perhaps we will guess that times differ only in belonging: it is ours or not ours.
The plot basis of "Woe from Wit" is the conflict of the young nobleman Chatsky with the society from which he himself came. Events unfold in a Moscow aristocratic house during the day. But Griboyedov managed to expand the temporal and spatial framework, giving a complete picture of the life of the noble society of that time and showing the new that was born within it.
Chatsky is a man of extraordinary mind, honest, sincere. In his disputes with Famusov, the image of a person who is able to think soberly, a person who sees the vices of society and wants to fight them, emerges. Griboyedov shows these qualities of Chatsky especially vividly, opposing him to the sycophant and hypocrite Molchalin. This vile man, who has nothing sacred, regularly fulfills his father's covenant: "to please all people without exception." Molchalin is "a low-flyer and a businessman," as Chatsky characterizes him.
Famusov - a high-ranking official, a conservative to the marrow of his bones, a stupid martinet Skalozub - these are the people Chatsky meets. If Molchalin, Famusov, Skalozub see the meaning of life in their well-being, then Chatsky dreams of benefiting the people whom he respects and considers "smart and cheerful." At the same time, he despises servility, careerism. He "would be glad to serve," but he was "sickening to be served." Chatsky sharply criticizes this society, mired in hypocrisy and debauchery:
Where, show us, fathers of the fatherland,
Which should we take as samples?
Are not these rich in robbery?
Found protection from fate in friends, in kinship,
Magnificent building chambers,
Where they overflow in feasts and prodigality...
My God, it's like it's written now! And we're still debating whether comedy is modern. What a blessing this play is! Like all of us together and individually, Griboyedov dreamed of happiness and freedom. And, like no one else, he deserved freedom and happiness.
Despite the historical tragedy of Russian life, Griboedov lives his comedy "Woe from Wit" in us. He comes back to us like a light of happiness.
Alexander Sergeevich Griboedov was a talented, versatile person, he wrote poetry, composed music, knew many foreign languages. in 1828 Griboedov wrote Woe from Wit.
"Woe from Wit" was written revealing the vices of that time. Griboedov managed to convey the problems of that time: lack of education, the problem of "fathers and children", lack of education, cringing. In the image of any hero of the work, we can see the people around us.
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For example, in Molchalin, the author portrayed a person who is trying in every possible way to achieve "known degrees". For the sake of this, he is ready to please even "the janitor's dog, so that it is affectionate." And he builds his relationship with Sophia on flattery, because he considers the girl to be another way to climb the career ladder. People like Molchalin are still found in modern society.
Griboyedov expresses the problems of "fathers and children" in Famusov and Sofya. The father wants only good for his daughter: he wants to marry her to a worthy person, in his opinion. However, behind all this, he does not pay attention to Sophia's dreams, wanting to do everything himself. From this, the girl does not want to listen to the opinion of her father, doing everything in her own way.
Also, the writer in the comedy pays attention to the problem of education and teaching, creating the image of Chatsky, who often succumbed to criticism. And it’s not at all casual, because he is the only positive character, not counting Lisa. Chatsky throughout the comedy is trying to defend and prove his opinion. He believes that education and learning should be developed, while Famusov says: "Take away all the books and burn them."
So, the relevance of the sound of Griboedov's comedy lies in the fact that the problems raised in it remain relevant to this day, therefore "Griboyedov's Chatsky has not grown old, and with him the whole comedy."
Updated: 2017-06-16
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