Great Russian composers: a list. Great Classical Composers: A List of the Best

The concept of "composer" first appeared in the 16th century in Italy, and since then it has been used to refer to a person who composes music.

19th century composers

In the 19th century, the Viennese School of Music was represented by such an outstanding composer as Franz Peter Schubert. He continued the tradition of romanticism and influenced a whole generation of composers. Schubert created over 600 German romances, taking the genre to a new level.

Franz Peter Schubert

Another Austrian, Johann Strauss, became famous for his operettas and light musical forms of dance character. It was he who made the waltz the most popular dance in Vienna, where balls are still held. In addition, his legacy includes polkas, quadrilles, ballets and operettas.

Johann Strauss

A prominent representative of modernism in the music of the late 19th century was the German Richard Wagner. His operas have not lost their relevance and popularity to this day.

Giuseppe Verdi

Wagner can be contrasted with the majestic figure of the Italian composer Giuseppe Verdi, who remained true to operatic traditions and gave Italian opera a new breath.

Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky

Among the Russian composers of the 19th century, the name of Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky stands out. He is characterized by a unique style that combines European symphonic traditions with Glinka's Russian heritage.

Composers of the 20th century

Sergei Vasilyevich Rahmaninov

One of the brightest composers of the late 19th - early 20th centuries is rightfully considered Sergei Vasilyevich Rachmaninov. His musical style was based on the traditions of romanticism and existed in parallel with the avant-garde movements. It was for his individuality and the absence of analogues that his work was highly appreciated by critics around the world.

Igor Fyodorovich Stravinsky

The second most famous composer of the 20th century is Igor Fedorovich Stravinsky. Russian by origin, he emigrated to France, and then to the USA, where he showed his talent to the fullest. Stravinsky is an innovator, not afraid to experiment with rhythms and styles. In his work, the influence of Russian traditions, elements of various avant-garde movements and a unique individual style can be traced, for which he is called "Picasso in Music".

Ludwig van Beethoven

Ludwig van Beethoven- The greatest composer of the early 19th century. Requiem and Moonlight Sonata are immediately recognizable by any person. The immortal works of the composer have always been and will be popular because of the unique style of Beethoven.

- German composer of the 18th century. Without a doubt, the founder of modern music. His works were based on the versatility of harmonies of various instruments. He created the rhythm of music, so his works are easily amenable to modern instrumental processing.

- The most popular and understandable Austrian composer of the late 18th century. All his works are simple and ingenious. They are very melodic and pleasant. A little serenade, a thunderstorm and many other compositions in rock arrangement will have a special place in your collection.

- Austrian composer of the late 18th, early 19th century. A true classical composer. The violin for Haydn was in a special place. In almost all the works of the composer, she is the soloist. Very beautiful and captivating music.

- Italian composer of the first half of the 18th century No. 1. National temperament and a new approach to arrangement literally blew up Europe in the middle of the 18th century. The symphonies "The Seasons" are the hallmark of the composer.

- Polish composer of the 19th century. According to some information, the founder of the combined genre of concert and folk music. His polonaises and mazurkas blend seamlessly with orchestral music. The only drawback in the composer's work was considered too soft style (lack of strong and incendiary motives).

- German composer of the late 19th century. He was spoken of as the great romantic of his time, and his "German Requiem" eclipsed other works of his contemporaries with its popularity. The style in Brahms' music is qualitatively different from the styles of other classics.

- Austrian composer of the early 19th century. One of the greatest composers unrecognized during his lifetime. A very early death at 31 prevented the full development of Schubert's potential. The songs he wrote were the main source of income when the greatest symphonies were gathering dust on the shelves. Only after the death of the composer, the works were highly appreciated by critics.

- Austrian composer of the late 19th century. Ancestor of waltzes and marches. We say Strauss - we mean waltz, we say waltz - we mean Strauss. Johann Jr. grew up in the family of his father, a composer. Strauss senior treated the works of his son with disdain. He believed that his son was engaged in nonsense and therefore humiliated him in every way in the world. But Johann Jr. stubbornly continued to do what he loved, and the revolution and the march written by Strauss in her honor proved the genius of his son in the eyes of European high society.

- One of the greatest composers of the 19th century. Master of Opera Art. "Aida" and "Otello" by Verdi are extremely popular today thanks to the true talent of the Italian composer. The tragic loss of his family at the age of 27 crippled the composer, but he did not give up and delved into creativity, writing several operas at once in a short time. High society highly appreciated Verdi's talent and his operas were staged in the most prestigious theaters in Europe.

- Even at the age of 18, this talented Italian composer wrote several operas that became very popular. The crown of his creation was the revised play "The Barber of Seville". After its presentation to the public, Gioachino was literally carried in his arms. The success was intoxicating. After that, Rossini became a welcome guest in high society and gained a solid reputation.

- German composer of the early 18th century. One of the founders of opera art and instrumental music. In addition to writing operas, Handel also wrote music for the "people", which was very popular in those days. Hundreds of songs and dance melodies of the composer thundered in the streets and squares in those distant times.

- Polish prince and composer - self-taught. Having no musical education, he became a famous composer. His famous polonaise is known all over the world. At the time of the composer, a revolution was taking place in Poland, and the marches written by him became the hymns of the rebels.

- Jewish composer, born in Germany. His wedding march and "A Midsummer Night's Dream" have been popular for hundreds of years. The symphonies and compositions written by him are successfully perceived all over the world.

- German composer of the 19th century. His mystically - anti-Semitic idea of ​​the superiority of the Aryan race over other races was adopted by the Nazis. Wagner's music is very different from the music of his predecessors. It is aimed primarily at connecting man and nature with an admixture of mysticism. His famous operas "Rings of the Nibelungs" and "Tristan and Isolde" confirm the revolutionary spirit of the composer.

- French composer of the mid-19th century. Creator of Carmen. From birth he was a brilliant child and at the age of 10 he already entered the conservatory. During his short life (he died before the age of 37) he wrote dozens of operas and operettas, various orchestral works and ode symphonies.

- Norwegian composer - lyricist. His works are simply saturated with melody. During his life he wrote a large number of songs, romances, suites and sketches. His composition "The Cave of the Mountain King" is very often used in cinema and modern stage.

- An American composer of the early 20th century - the author of "Rhapsody in Blues", which is especially popular to this day. At 26, he was already Broadway's first composer. Gershwin's popularity quickly spread throughout America, thanks to numerous songs and popular shows.

- Russian composer. His opera "Boris Godunov" is the hallmark of many theaters in the world. The composer in his works relied on folklore, considering folk music to be the music of the soul. "Night on Bald Mountain" by Modest Petrovich is one of the ten most popular symphonic sketches in the world.

The most popular and greatest composer of Russia, of course, is. "Swan Lake" and "Sleeping Beauty", "Slavic March" and "The Nutcracker", "Eugene Onegin" and "The Queen of Spades". These and many more masterpieces of musical art were created by our Russian composer. Tchaikovsky is the pride of Russia. All over the world they know "Balalaika", "Matryoshka", "Tchaikovsky"...

- Soviet composer. Stalin's favorite. The opera "The Tale of a Real Man" was strongly recommended to listen to Mikhail Zadornov. But mostly Sergey Sergeyevich has serious and profound works. "War and Peace", "Cinderella", "Romeo and Juliet", a lot of brilliant symphonies and works for orchestra.

- Russian composer who created his own inimitable style in music. He was a deeply religious person and a special place in his work was given to writing religious music. Rachmaninov also wrote a lot of concert music and several symphonies. His last work "Symphonic Dances" is recognized as the greatest work of the composer.

The 19th and 20th centuries gave the world many great Russian composers who combined the elegance of European musical art with the magic and originality of folk melodies. In this article, we will talk about the best music authors. Do you know what great Russian composers glorified their homeland? It will be about their difficult and sometimes tragic destinies, devotion to their favorite work.

Top 10 Great Russian Composers

Who was awarded the title of the most famous musical authors? The list of 10 great Russian composers of the 19th and 20th century includes:

• Glinka Mikhail Ivanovich;
• Nikolai Andreevich Rimsky-Korsakov;
• Tchaikovsky Pyotr Ilyich;
• Alexander Nikolaevich Scriabin;
• Borodin Alexander Porfirievich;
• Vertinsky Alexander;
• Sergei Vasilyevich Rahmaninov;
• Dmitri Dmitrievich Shostakovich.

The 19th century is a period of a surge in the musical life of society. Ballet and opera are developing by leaps and bounds. Instrumental plays and romances are in vogue. Many are interested in folklore. Next, we will talk about which great Russian composers made the greatest contribution to the development of the musical culture of the 19th century. Let's talk about the most outstanding in more detail.

Our list of great Russian composers is headed by Glinka. Mikhail grew up during the Patriotic War and from an early age was imbued with folk-heroic themes in music.

Glinka Mikhail Ivanovich

Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka was born in 1804 in the Smolensk province in the family of a retired captain. The mother of the future composer was almost never involved in raising her son, since this role was completely taken over by the imperious mother-in-law Fekla Alexandrovna. She takes the baby with her. Her guardianship makes the boy a sissy, a very sickly and vulnerable child. In 1810, Fekla Alexandrovna died, Mikhail returned to his parents' family.

Composer's musical childhood

Little Misha realized his calling early. He was in love with music from the cradle. And this is not surprising. The house where he grew up was constantly filled with her, like fresh air. Guests who played music constantly came to the family. Misha often listened to the fortress orchestra.

Later, he began to learn to play the violin and piano, but most of all he liked just listening to music. He closed his eyes, she took him far beyond the horizons. Little Michael called her his soul. Teachers often reproached Glinka for absent-mindedness, especially often this happened after the musical evenings that took place in his father's house.

Strict governess

Mikhail and his sister had a governess, Varvara Fedorovna Klammer. A tall young woman in her 20s. She was brought up in the Smolny Monastery. She was very strict and conscientious. The young teacher taught Glinka spelling, German, French, geography. She taught to play the piano and the violin.

The child received excellent training and at the age of 13 he was taken to the St. Petersburg noble boarding school at the Pedagogical Institute without any problems. Mikhail continued to be lucky with teachers. Pushkin's lyceum friend Wilhelm Karlovich Kuchelbecker became his tutor and mentor.

After graduating from the boarding house, Glinka only strengthens his opinion that music is his vocation. He begins to perform in salons. Does not stop self-education. Studied the history of Western European musical art.

• string septet;
• rondo for orchestra;
• works for harp and piano;
• orchestral overtures.

Glinka was lucky with the social circle. It included:

• Pushkin;
• Zhukovsky;
• Griboedov;
• Odoevsky;
• Mitskevich;
• Delvig.

Personal life

In matters of the heart, the great Russian composer Glinka was not very happy. In 1833 he marries Maria Ivanova. In 1838 he meets and falls in love with Ekaterina Kern. She remains his muse for the rest of her life.

Nikolai Andreevich Rimsky-Korsakov

Years of life: from 1844 to 1908. He began his life path in the city of Tikhvin, Novgorod province. His family belonged to the nobility. The Rimsky-Korsakov family brought up two sons with a very large age difference. Nikolai's older brother, Voin Andreevich, was 22 years older! Naturally, the first-born Rimsky-Korsakov had a huge influence on his brother.

Love for music

The fate of the child from an early age was predetermined - he was supposed to become a military man. But the father was also involved in the musical education of the boy. At the age of 6, Nikolai already played the piano perfectly, and at the age of 9 he became interested in composition and composed his first work.

Love Nicholas

In his personal life, he was happy. He married once and lived in a happy marriage with his wife until the end of his life. The couple met in Dargomyzhsky's house, where the entire musical elite gathered. The future wife of Rimsky-Korsakov, Nadezhda Nikolaevna Purgold, was a talented pianist.

Three children were born in a family of musicians. The eldest son is Michael. He grew up to become a zoologist and forester. The middle one is Sofia, she became an opera singer. The youngest, Andrey, is a musicologist and doctor of philosophy.

Works of the great Russian composer:

• "First Symphony";
• "Snow Maiden";
• "Sadko";
• "Spanish Capriccio";
• "The Tale of Tsar Saltan";
• "Mozart and Salieri";
• Suite "Scheherazade".

Tchaikovsky Pyotr Ilyich

1. The future composer already played the piano perfectly at the age of five. At the age of seven, the child began to compose poetry.
2. The parents of the great Russian composer wanted him to be a lawyer. At 19, he enters the service of the Ministry of Justice, but leaves. He feels his vocation in music and enters the conservatory in St. Petersburg
3. The great Russian composer Tchaikovsky, as a teenager, is fond of alcohol and smokes. Bad habits stayed with him for the rest of his life.
4. Pyotr Ilyich wrote 10 operas, but burned 2.
5. Only two weeks in his life Tchaikovsky played the role of a husband. At 37, he married student Antonina Milyukova. Soon the couple realized that they had made a mistake, they parted ways. Circumstances were such that they could not officially divorce.

The composer was the son of a French soldier who, after the defeat of the Napoleonic army in 1812, did not return to his homeland in France. Cui followed in his father's footsteps and left the same big imprint in military affairs as in the musical field.

Facts from the life of Cui:

1. Another member of the Mighty Handful.
2. He taught the intricacies of military affairs to Nicholas II himself.
3. Friends called him "the general of music."
4. He had 10 orders for achievements in fortification.
5. He was a famous critic in his time. Did not like Mozart and Mendelssohn.
6. He helped to finish musical works (operas) to Mussorgsky and Dargomyzhsky.

Works that glorified Caesar:

• "Stone Guest";
• "Mateo Falcone";
• "Little Red Riding Hood";
• "Puss in Boots";
• "Ivan the Fool".
• "William Ratcliffe".

Alexander Nikolaevich Skryabin

Born January 6, 1872. His family lived in Moscow and belonged to an old noble family. Sashenka's father was a diplomat, and his mother was a talented pianist. Unfortunately, as soon as the child was one year old, she fell ill with tuberculosis and died.

The father did not have the opportunity to be near his son, as he was on a diplomatic mission in Persia. The boy was raised by his father's sister and grandmother.

It was the aunt who instilled in Alexander Scriabin a love of music. At the age of five, he played the piano beautifully, and at 8 he began to compose his own short pieces. He also showed a poetic talent: he began to write poetry and multi-act tragedies.

Alexander was sent to study in the cadet corps. Here he continued his studies in music. After the military school, he entered the conservatory, and in 1892 he successfully graduated from it.

After graduation, he begins touring Europe and he has the first fans. He visits:

• Berlin;
• Dresden;
• Genoa;
• Lucerne.

The public treats him favorably. Critics write flattering reviews about the charm of Slavic music.

In 1897 he married the pianist Vera Isakova. She was a graduate of the Moscow Conservatory. Unfortunately, after 7 years their family boat crashes and they get divorced.

Interesting facts from the composer's life:

1. He was an opponent of Rachmaninoff, although they mastered musical literacy together.
2. Alexander loved sunbathing. I tried to work mainly under gentle rays.
3. He was very demanding in terms of hygiene, but by a fatal coincidence he died of sepsis. The cause was a common abscess on the lip.
4. Alexander Nikolaevich invented color music.

Listen to something from the classics - what could be better?! Especially on weekends, when you want to relax, forget about the worries of the day, the worries of the work week, dream about the beautiful, and just cheer yourself up. Just think, the classics were created by brilliant authors so long ago that it’s hard to believe that something can survive so many years. And these works are still loved and listened to, they create arrangements and modern interpretations. Even in modern processing, the works of brilliant composers remain classical music. As he admits, classical works are ingenious, and all ingenious cannot be boring.

Probably, all great composers have a special ear, a special sensitivity to tone and melody, which allowed them to create music that is enjoyed by dozens of generations not only of their compatriots, but also of classical music fans all over the world. If you still doubt whether you like classical music, then you need to meet with, and you will see that, in fact, you are already a longtime fan of beautiful music.

And today we will talk about the 10 most famous composers in the world.

Johann Sebastian Bach

The first place is deservedly owned. A genius was born in Germany. The most talented composer wrote music for harpsichord and organ. The composer did not create a new style in music. But he was able to create perfection in all the styles of his time. He is the author of over 1000 essays. In his works Bach combined different musical styles with which he met throughout his life. Often musical romanticism was combined with the Baroque style. In life Johann Bach as a composer not receiving the recognition he deserved, interest in his music arose almost 100 years after his death. Today he is called one of the greatest composers ever living on earth. His uniqueness as a person, teacher and musician was reflected in his music. Bach laid the foundations of modern and contemporary music, dividing the history of music into pre-Bach and post-Bach. It is believed that music Bach gloomy and gloomy. His music is rather fundamental and solid, restrained and concentrated. Like the reflections of a mature, wise person. Creation Bach influenced many composers. Some of them took an example from his works or used themes from them. And musicians all over the world play music Bach admiring her beauty and perfection. One of the most notorious works "Brandenburg Concerts" is excellent evidence that music Bach cannot be considered too gloomy:

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

Rightfully considered a genius. At the age of 4 he already played the violin and harpsichord freely, at the age of 6 he began to compose music, and at 7 he already skillfully improvised on the harpsichord, violin and organ, competing with famous musicians. Already at the age of 14 Mozart- a recognized composer, and at the age of 15 - a member of the music academies of Bologna and Verona. By nature, he had a phenomenal ear for music, memory and the ability to improvise. He created an amazing number of works - 23 operas, 18 sonatas, 23 piano concertos, 41 symphonies and much more. The composer didn't want to imitate, he tried to create a new model, reflecting the new personality of the music. It is no coincidence that music in Germany Mozart called "the music of the soul", in his works the composer showed the features of his sincere, loving nature. The greatest melodist attached special importance to the opera. operas Mozart- an era in the development of this type of musical art. Mozart widely recognized as one of the greatest composers: his uniqueness lies in the fact that he worked in all musical forms of his time and in all achieved the highest success. One of the most recognizable works "Turkish March":

Ludwig van Beethoven

Another great German was an important figure of the romantic-classical period. Even those who know nothing about classical music know about him. Beethoven is one of the most performed and respected composers in the world. The great composer witnessed the grandiose upheavals that took place in Europe and redrawn its map. These great coups, revolutions and military confrontations are reflected in the composer's work, especially symphonic. He embodied in music pictures of the heroic struggle. In immortal works Beethoven you will hear the struggle for freedom and brotherhood of people, unshakable faith in the victory of light over darkness, as well as dreams of freedom and happiness of mankind. One of the most famous and amazing facts of his life is that the ear disease developed into complete deafness, but despite this, the composer continued to write music. He was also considered one of the best pianists. Music Beethoven surprisingly simple and accessible to the understanding of the widest range of listeners. Generations change, and even eras, and music Beethoven still excites and pleases the hearts of people. One of his best work - "Moonlight Sonata":

Richard Wagner

With the name of a great Richard Wagner most often associated with his masterpieces "Wedding Choir" or "Ride of the Valkyries". But he is known not only as a composer, but also as a philosopher. Wagner considered his musical works as a way of expressing a certain philosophical concept. WITH Wagner a new musical era of operas began. The composer tried to bring the opera closer to life, music for him is only a means. Richard Wagner- the creator of musical drama, the reformer of operas and the art of conducting, the innovator of the harmonic and melodic language of music, the creator of new forms of musical expression. Wagner- the author of the world's longest solo aria (14 minutes 46 seconds) and the world's longest classical opera (5 hours and 15 minutes). In life Richard Wagner was considered a controversial person who was either adored or hated. And often both at the same time. Mystical symbolism and anti-Semitism made him Hitler's favorite composer, but blocked the way for his music to Israel. However, neither supporters nor opponents of the composer deny his greatness as a composer. Great music from the very beginning Richard Wagner absorbs you without a trace, leaving no room for disputes and disagreements:

Franz Schubert

The Austrian composer is a musical genius, one of the best song composers. He was only 17 when he wrote his first song. In one day he could write 8 songs. During his creative life, he created more than 600 compositions based on poems by more than 100 great poets, including Goethe, Schiller and Shakespeare. That's why Franz Schubert in the top 10. Although creativity Schubert very diverse, in terms of the use of genres, ideas and reincarnations, vocal-song lyrics prevail and determine in his music. Before Schubert the song was considered an insignificant genre, and it was he who elevated it to the degree of artistic perfection. Moreover, he combined seemingly unconnected song and chamber-symphonic music, which gave rise to a new direction of lyrical-romantic symphony. Vocal-song lyrics are a world of simple and deep, subtle and even intimate human experiences, expressed not by words, but by sound. Franz Schubert lived a very short life, only 31 years old. The fate of the composer's works is no less tragic than his life. After death Schubert many unpublished manuscripts remained, stored in bookcases and drawers of relatives and friends. Even those closest to him did not know everything he wrote, and for many years he was recognized mainly only as the king of song. Some of the composer's works were published only half a century after his death. One of the most beloved and famous works Franz Schubert – "Evening Serenade":

Robert Schumann

With a no less tragic fate, the German composer is one of the best composers of the romantic era. He created amazingly beautiful music. To get an idea of ​​19th-century German Romanticism, just listen to "Carnival" Robert Schumann. He was able to break out of the musical traditions of the classical era, creating his own interpretation of the romantic style. Robert Schumann was gifted with many talents, and even for a long time could not decide between music, poetry, journalism and philology (he was a polyglot and freely translated from English, French and Italian). He was also an amazing pianist. And yet the main vocation and passion Schuman there was music. His poetic and deeply psychological music largely reflects the duality of the composer's nature, an outburst of passion and a retreat into the world of dreams, awareness of the vulgar reality and striving for the ideal. One of the masterpieces Robert Schumann which everyone needs to hear:

Frederic Chopin

Perhaps the most famous Pole in the world of music. Neither before nor after the composer was a musical genius of this level born in Poland. The Poles are incredibly proud of their great compatriot, and in his work, the composer often sings of his homeland, admires the beauty of landscapes, laments the tragic past, and dreams of a great future. Frederic Chopin- one of the few composers who wrote music exclusively for the piano. There are no operas or symphonies in his creative heritage, but piano pieces are presented in all their diversity. His works form the basis of the repertoire of many famous pianists. Frederic Chopin is a Polish composer who is also known as a talented pianist. He lived only 39 years, but managed to create many masterpieces: ballads, preludes, waltzes, mazurkas, nocturnes, polonaises, etudes, sonatas and much, much more. One of them - "Ballad No. 1, in G minor".

Franz Liszt

He is one of the greatest composers in the world. He lived a relatively long and surprisingly rich life, knew poverty and wealth, met love and faced contempt. In addition to talent from birth, he had a fantastic capacity for work. Franz Liszt deserved not only the admiration of connoisseurs and fans of music. Both as a composer and as a pianist, he received universal approval from European critics of the 19th century. He created over 1300 works and like Frederic Chopin preferred works for the piano. brilliant pianist, Franz Liszt he knew how to reproduce the sound of an entire orchestra on the piano, masterfully improvised, had a fantastic memory of musical compositions, he had no equal in reading notes from a sheet. He had a pathetic style of performance, which was also reflected in his music, emotionally passionate and heroically upbeat, creating colorful musical pictures and making an indelible impression on the listeners. The hallmark of the composer are piano concertos. One of these works. One of the most famous works Liszt – "Dreams of Love":

Johannes Brahms

A significant figure in the romantic period in music is Johannes Brahms. Listen and love music Brahms It is considered good taste and a characteristic sign of a romantic nature. Brahms did not write a single opera, but he created works in all other genres. special glory Brahms brought his symphonies. Already in the first works, the composer's originality is manifested, which eventually transformed into his own style. Considering all works Brahms, it cannot be said that the composer was strongly influenced by the work of his predecessors or contemporaries. And in terms of creativity Brahms often compared to Bach And Beethoven. Perhaps this comparison is justified in the sense that the work of the three great Germans represents the culmination of an entire era in the history of music. Unlike Franz Liszt life Johannes Brahms was devoid of turbulent events. He preferred quiet creativity, during his lifetime he earned recognition of his talent and universal respect, and was also awarded considerable honors. The most outstanding music in which the creative power Brahms had an especially vivid and original effect, is his "German Requiem", a work that the author created for 10 years and dedicated to his mother. In your music Brahms sings of the eternal values ​​of human life, which lie in the beauty of nature, the art of the great talents of the past, the culture of their homeland.

Giuseppe Verdi

What is the top ten composers without?! The Italian composer is best known for his operas. He became the national glory of Italy, his work is the culmination of the development of Italian opera. His achievements and merits as a composer cannot be overestimated. Until now, a century after the death of the author, his works remain the most popular, widely performed, known to both connoisseurs and lovers of classical music.

For Verdi Drama became the most important thing in opera. The musical images of Rigoletto, Aida, Violetta, Desdemona created by the composer organically combine bright melody and depth of characters, democratic and refined musical characteristics, violent passions and bright dreams. Verdi was a real psychologist in understanding human passions. His music is nobility and power, amazing beauty and harmony, inexpressibly beautiful melodies, wonderful arias and duets. Passions boil, comedy and tragedy intertwine and merge together. Plots of operas, according to Verdi, should be "original, interesting and ... passionate, with passion above all else." And most of his works are serious and tragic, demonstrate emotional dramatic situations, and the music of the great Verdi gives expressiveness to what is happening and emphasizes the accents of the situation. Having absorbed all the best that was achieved by the Italian opera school, he did not deny operatic traditions, but reformed Italian opera, filled it with realism, and gave it the unity of the whole. At the same time, he did not declare his reform, did not write articles about it, but simply wrote operas in a new way. Triumphal procession of one of the masterpieces Verdi- opera - swept through the Italian scenes and continued in Europe, as well as in Russia and America, forcing even skeptics to recognize the talent of the great composer.

10 most famous composers in the world updated: November 25, 2017 by: Elena

The melodic singing of birds, the quiet whisper of trees and the roar of mountain streams have accompanied the human race from the beginning of time. People grew up in the harmony of natural music and eventually began to play music, imitating nature. The baton of creating musical works in the 18th century was taken over and achieved unprecedented heights in creating musical masterpieces.

The first began to appear with the development of the Russian school of composition in the early 18th century. Describing this period, one does not have to talk about their own composer's achievements, since for the most part Russian composers imitated and copied the achievements of Western culture. Thus began the first stage in the formation of the national composer tradition. The representative of this period was Bortnyansky, who copied the work of Vivaldi in his works.

In the first half of the 19th century, Glinka made an invaluable contribution to the development of the Russian school of composition, for which he is considered the first great Russian composer who managed to introduce the Russian national tradition into musical works. Russian melodies and intonations are skillfully combined in his brilliant works with the modern composer trends in Europe of that time. The biography of the Russian composer is worthy to be immortalized for centuries and studied by all generations of the Russian people.

At the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, the traditional Russian school of composition was represented by Rachmaninoff, Stravinsky and many others. They picked up the Russian tradition and, as befits a new generation, made their own amendments to the art of music. Now Russian melodies were not expressed so clearly in the works, but their spirit was still clearly visible in the compositions.

At the time, symphonic music was influenced by many objective factors. There was a tendency to complicate musical compositions with the simultaneous absorption of the cultural traditions of other nationalities. Famous representatives of this era are Shchedrin, Denisov and Gavrilin.

Russian composers have enriched the cultural treasury of the country, giving us many brilliant musical works. The whole world is fascinated by the compositions of our compatriots to this day. These works and those who wrote such masterpieces are destined for eternal life in the hearts of people.

Varlamov Alexander is a famous composer who created about 200 works in his 47 years of life.

He directed all his creative forces to writing romances and songs, in which the soul of a Russian person was fully reflected.

In his works, based on the poems of Russian classics, he expresses the rebellious spirit that is placed in the lines of poetic poems.

Childhood

Alexander Yegorovich was born in Moscow in November 15 (27). 1801. His father was a petty official, and by his origin he went back to the Moldavian nobles. Already in his youth, he showed interest in the art of music. He could play by ear, without knowing musical notation, on the violin and on the guitar.

Gurilev Alexander is a great Russian musician, whose lyrical romances have steadfastly survived two centuries.

The music that flowed in his veins and was reflected on paper is still striking in its sincerity and sensuality. Vocal works written on the basis of poems by great Russian poets express the national spirit and rich soul of the composer.

Childhood

The boy was born in Moscow in the family of a serf musician in 1803 on August 22 (09.3). Therefore, childhood and adolescence passed in difficult conditions of a difficult life. Alexander's father served as the head of the orchestra of Count V. Orlov. So the love of music was born in the soul of a small child.

When he was in his seventh year, his father fully engaged in the musical education of his son.

Cesar Cui is a gifted composer who created his first piece of music as a teenager.

In addition to the fact that he shone in the cultural sphere, he made a significant contribution to military affairs. In both areas he left his mark.

Childhood

The child was born in 1835 on January 6 in the territory of modern Vilnius. His father was a Frenchman, he remained in Russia after in 1812 the remnants of the Napoleonic army, in which he was listed, did not return to their homeland.

Alexander Borodin is a talented person. He is definitely talented in everything, he left a deep mark on Russian culture of the 19th century.

His prints can be found in completely different areas. Alexander participated in the scientific, political, pedagogical and cultural activities of the country. However, the whole world knows this man as a great composer.

early years

Alexander was born on November 12, 1833. His father was Prince Gedianov. The boy was an illegitimate child. Therefore, he was recorded under the name of a serf serving in their house - Borodin.

When the child was 8 years old, his father died, having given him freedom before that. Alexander grew up in a luxurious house donated by the Gedianovs.

Anton Grigorievich Rubinshtein is a world-class personality. Composer, conductor, teacher, pianist, public figure.

His amazing energy made him create, do charity work, devote himself to musical and educational work.

Childhood

On 11/16 (28), 1829, a baby saw the world, who was named Anton. The event took place in a wealthy Jewish family in the village of Vykhvatinets, Podolsk province (now it is the Dnieper Moldavian Republic). When the child was three years old, the Rubinsteins arrived in Moscow.

The boy began to show interest in music early. He listened attentively when his mother played music, and sang the melodies he liked.

Alexander Dargomyzhsky had a great influence on the development of Russian musical art. Sitting down at the piano, this man was completely transformed. He delighted everyone with his passion for music and easy playing, although in everyday life he did not make a vivid impression on people.

Music is exactly the area where he revealed his talent, and then gave the world great works.

Childhood

Alexander was born in the village of Troitskaya in 1813 on 2/14.02. His family was large, in addition to him there were five more children. Until the age of five, little Sasha did not speak. His voice developed late. For the rest of his life, he remained tall with a slight hoarseness, which was not considered a disadvantage, but helped him touch the hearts of listeners while singing.

Sergei Taneev is a little-known classic of Russian music. Once upon a time, his name was well known to the educated public in all parts of the vast Russian Empire. Today, only music historians and students of a few music schools and colleges named after him know about him.

The early years of Taneyev Sergey

Sergei Ivanovich Taneyev was born in the provincial town on November 13, 1856. His father Ivan Ilyich belonged to an old noble family that traced its history back to the time of Ivan the Great. From childhood, his parents taught Sergei to play the piano, as was the custom in many noble families. When the boy was ten years old, his parents moved to Moscow and sent their son to a newly opened educational institution - the conservatory.

Childhood and youth

The future composer was born in the small town of Yelets (now the Lipetsk region) on May 28, 1913 into a merchant family. Tikhon was the youngest of ten children. Very early, the boy showed the ability to music. At the age of nine, he began to play the piano. When Tikhon was eleven, he had a new teacher - the capital's pianist Vladimir Agarkov.

After Agarkov left Yelets, Anna Vargunina took up the training of the young talent. At this time, Khrennikov began to write music. At the age of fourteen he went to Moscow to show his first works to Agarkov. The teacher praised the gifted young man, but advised him to finish the nine-year school in his native city and only after that think about a career in music.

A.P. Borodin is known as an outstanding composer, the author of the opera "Prince Igor", the symphony "Bogatyrskaya" and other musical works.

He is much less known as a scientist who made an invaluable contribution to science in the field of organic chemistry.

Origin. early years

A.P. Borodin was the illegitimate son of the 62-year-old Georgian prince L. S. Genevanishvili and A.K. Antonova. He was born on 31.10. (12.11), 1833.

He was recorded as the son of the serf servants of the prince - the spouses Porfiry Ionovich and Tatyana Grigoryevna Borodin. Thus, for eight years the boy was listed in his father's house as a serf. But before his death (1840), the prince gave his son free, bought him and his mother Avdotya Konstantinovna Antonova a four-story house, after marrying her to the military doctor Kleineke.

The boy, in order to avoid unnecessary rumors, was presented as the nephew of Avdotya Konstantinovna. Since Alexander's origin did not allow him to study at the gymnasium, he studied at home all the subjects of the gymnasium course, in addition to German and French, receiving an excellent education at home.